2021 journal article

Mesenchymal Stem/Stromal Cells Derived from Human and Animal Perinatal Tissues—Origins, Characteristics, Signaling Pathways, and Clinical Trials

Cells.

co-author countries: Poland 🇵🇱 United States of America 🇺🇸
author keywords: perinatal mesenchymal stem; stromal cells; MSCs differentiation; signaling pathways
MeSH headings : Amniotic Fluid / cytology; Cell Differentiation / genetics; Cell Lineage / genetics; Cell Self Renewal / genetics; Embryonic Stem Cells / cytology; Embryonic Stem Cells / transplantation; Female; Humans; Mesenchymal Stem Cell Transplantation; Mesenchymal Stem Cells / cytology; Placenta / cytology; Placenta / transplantation; Pregnancy; Regenerative Medicine; Umbilical Cord / cytology; Umbilical Cord / transplantation
Source: ORCID
Added: November 28, 2021

Mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) are currently one of the most extensively researched fields due to their promising opportunity for use in regenerative medicine. There are many sources of MSCs, of which cells of perinatal origin appear to be an invaluable pool. Compared to embryonic stem cells, they are devoid of ethical conflicts because they are derived from tissues surrounding the fetus and can be safely recovered from medical waste after delivery. Additionally, perinatal MSCs exhibit better self-renewal and differentiation properties than those derived from adult tissues. It is important to consider the anatomy of perinatal tissues and the general description of MSCs, including their isolation, differentiation, and characterization of different types of perinatal MSCs from both animals and humans (placenta, umbilical cord, amniotic fluid). Ultimately, signaling pathways are essential to consider regarding the clinical applications of MSCs. It is important to consider the origin of these cells, referring to the anatomical structure of the organs of origin, when describing the general and specific characteristics of the different types of MSCs as well as the pathways involved in differentiation.