@article{kim_seo_kremer_kohler_villesuzanne_whangbo_2005, title={Large negative magnetoresistance of the rare-earth transition-metal intermetallic compound PrMnSi2}, volume={17}, ISSN={["0897-4756"]}, DOI={10.1021/cm051669d}, abstractNote={The rare-earth intermetallic compound PrMnSi2 consists of two magnetic sublattices, i.e., layers of Mn atoms and layers of Pr atoms, which repeat in the (−Mn−Pr−Pr−)∞ sequence. Electrical resistivity measurements were carried out for PrMnSi2 between 2 and 350 K under various magnetic fields. PrMnSi2 is a metal with two metal-to-metal transitions at ∼20 and ∼50 K, and its resistivity vs temperature curves show a significant hysteresis in the absence and presence of an external magnetic field. The resistivity is reduced by an external magnetic field, and this negative magnetoresistance reaches up to 47% at 9 T around 17 K where PrMnSi2 is antiferromagnetic at zero field. The magnetoresistance vs temperature curves of PrMnSi2 reveal three peaks at fields up to ∼3 T, which correspond to the three magnetic phase transitions of PrMnSi2 observed from magnetic susceptibility and heat capacity measurements. The negative magnetoresistance and the resistivity hysteresis of PrMnSi2 were accounted for by considering h...}, number={25}, journal={CHEMISTRY OF MATERIALS}, author={Kim, SH and Seo, DK and Kremer, RK and Kohler, M and Villesuzanne, A and Whangbo, MH}, year={2005}, month={Dec}, pages={6338–6341} }
 @article{koo_seo_whangbo_2001, title={Consequence of the metal-atom clustering on the magnetic properties in vanadium sulfide V5S8}, volume={160}, ISSN={["1095-726X"]}, DOI={10.1006/jssc.2001.9260}, abstractNote={Abstract On the basis of qualitative bonding considerations and tight-binding electronic band structure calculations, we examined how the unequal spin moment distribution is related to the metal-atom clustering in V 5 S 8 and why V 5 S 8 exhibits both localized and itinerant magnetic properties.}, number={1}, journal={JOURNAL OF SOLID STATE CHEMISTRY}, author={Koo, HJ and Seo, DK and Whangbo, MH}, year={2001}, month={Aug}, pages={287–291} }
 @article{bengel_jobic_moelo_lafond_rouxel_seo_whangbo_2000, title={Distribution of the Pb and Sb atoms in the (Pb, Sb)S layers of the Franckeite-type misfit compound [(Pb, Sb)S](2.28)NbS2 examined by scanning tunneling and atomic force microscopy}, volume={149}, ISSN={["0022-4596"]}, DOI={10.1006/jssc.1999.8552}, abstractNote={Abstract The distribution of the Pb and Sb atoms in the (Pb, Sb)S layers of the misfit compound [(Pb, Sb)S]2.28NbS2 was investigated by scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM). This compound has NaCl-type MS (M=Pb, Sb) layers (Q-layers) alternating with NbS2 layers (H-layers) in which the Nb atoms are located in slightly distorted trigonal prism sites. Both the H- and Q-layers of [(Pb, Sb)S]2.28NbS2 were imaged by STM and AFM. The atomic-scale STM and AFM images were analyzed in terms of the partial and total electron density plots calculated for the Q- and H-layers. The STM images of the Q-layers allowed us to detect all the constitutive atoms of the Q-layers with a short-range ordering of pure Pb and Sb rows in the aQ modulation direction.}, number={2}, journal={JOURNAL OF SOLID STATE CHEMISTRY}, author={Bengel, H and Jobic, S and Moelo, Y and Lafond, A and Rouxel, J and Seo, DK and Whangbo, MH}, year={2000}, month={Feb}, pages={370–377} }
 @article{stagarescu_duda_smith_seo_whangbo_jerome_haddon_brooks_guo_nordgren_1999, title={Electronic structure of the organic conductors kappa-ET2Cu(SCN)(2) and kappa-ET2Cu[N(CN)(2)]Br studied using soft X-ray absorption and soft X-ray emission}, volume={143}, ISSN={["0022-4596"]}, DOI={10.1006/jssc.1998.8046}, abstractNote={Abstract The problem of resolving molecular components of the electronic structure of complex, organic solids with respect to their chemical and orbital character has been approached using core-level photon spectroscopies. Specifically, the bulk C 2poccupied and unoccupied partial densities of states (PDOS) of the organic superconductorsκ-ET2Cu(SCN)2andκ-ET2Cu[N(CN)2]Br were measured using a combination of high-resolution soft X-ray absorption (SXA) and soft X-ray emission (SXE). The PDOS was also calculated using a tight binding model, and the measured spectra compared directly to that predicted by the calculations. The emission and absorption spectra from both materials were found to be quite similar, reflecting mostly contributions from the common conductive ET layers. The presence of two nonequivalent carbon sites of the ET molecule was identified in the SXA spectra. Contributions from theπandσstates were identified in the emission spectra. The occupied C 2pbandwidth was found to be approximately 17eV. An observed dependence of the SXE spectra on the excitation energy is partly accounted for by a simple model that considers the presence of the two nonequivalent ET carbon sites. We also find evidence in the SXE spectra for a high degree of localization in the lowest unoccupied states.}, number={1}, journal={JOURNAL OF SOLID STATE CHEMISTRY}, author={Stagarescu, CB and Duda, LC and Smith, KE and Seo, DK and Whangbo, MH and Jerome, D and Haddon, RC and Brooks, JS and Guo, JH and Nordgren, J}, year={1999}, month={Feb}, pages={1–8} }
 @article{zhang_warren_haushalter_clearfield_seo_whangbo_1998, title={Comparative study of the structural, electronic, and magnetic properties of the layered ternary vanadium oxides CaV4O9, Cs2V4O9, and [H2N(CH2)(4)NH2]V4O9}, volume={10}, ISSN={["0897-4756"]}, DOI={10.1021/cm970653n}, abstractNote={We report the preparation, single-crystal X-ray structure determination, and magnetic susceptibility measurements of a new ternary vanadium oxide, [H2N(CH2)4NH2]V4O9. This compound has isolated V4O92- layers made up of edge-sharing VO5 square pyramids. The V4O92- layers of [H2N(CH2)4NH2]V4O9 ([H2N(CH2)4NH2] = piperidinium) differ from those of two other ternary vanadium oxides, CaV4O9 and A2V4O9 (A = Rb, Cs), in the way the VO5 square pyramids are shared, and the magnetic susceptibilities of the three oxides are widely different in their maximum susceptibility values and the temperatures where these values occur. To explain these observations, the electronic structures of the three oxides were analyzed based on molecular orbital calculations.}, number={4}, journal={CHEMISTRY OF MATERIALS}, author={Zhang, YP and Warren, CJ and Haushalter, RC and Clearfield, A and Seo, DK and Whangbo, MH}, year={1998}, month={Apr}, pages={1059–1064} }
 @article{seo_gupta_whangbo_hillebrecht_thiele_1998, title={Pressure-induced changes in the structure and band gap of CsGeX3 (X = Cl, Br) studied by electronic band structure calculations}, volume={37}, ISSN={["0020-1669"]}, DOI={10.1021/ic970659e}, abstractNote={Tight-binding electronic band structures of cesium trihalometalates CsGeX(3) (X = Cl, Br) were calculated to examine the pressure-dependence of their crystal structures and band gaps as well as their primitive cubic to rhombohedral structural phase transitions. In agreement with experiment, our calculations show that an increase in the applied pressure decreases the band gap and the stability of CsGeX(3), and the band gap is larger for CsGeCl(3) than for CsGeBr(3). CsGeCl(3) has a much stronger second-order Jahn-Teller instability than does CsGeBr(3) and therefore can adopt a disordered cubic phase unlike CsGeBr(3).}, number={3}, journal={INORGANIC CHEMISTRY}, author={Seo, DK and Gupta, N and Whangbo, MH and Hillebrecht, H and Thiele, G}, year={1998}, month={Feb}, pages={407–410} }
 @article{bengel_jobic_deudon_rouxel_seo_whangbo_1998, title={Scanning tunneling and atomic force microscopy study of the misfit layer compounds (LaS)(1.14)(NbS2)(n) (n=1,2) and [(Pb,Sb)S)](1.14)NbS2}, volume={400}, ISSN={["0039-6028"]}, DOI={10.1016/S0039-6028(97)00882-0}, abstractNote={The misfit layer compounds (LaS)1.14(NbS2)n (n=1, 2) and [(Pb,Sb)S]1.14NbS2 were examined by scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM). In these compounds the NaCl-type double MS (M=La, Pb, Sb) layers (Q layers) alternate with the NbS2 layers (H layers) made up of NbS6 trigonal prisms. It was possible to record AFM and STM images for only the H layers for (LaS)1.14(NbS2)n, but for both the H- and Q-layers for [(Pb,Sb)S]1.14NbS2. Partial and total electron density plots of the H and Q layers were calculated to interpret the observed STM and AFM images. The bright spots in the STM and AFM images of the H layer correspond to S atoms, and those of the Q layer to Pb and Sb atoms. The STM images for the Q layers of [(Pb,Sb)S]1.14NbS2 suggest that a short-range ordering of the Pb and Sb atoms occurs in the (Pb,Sb)S sheets of the Q layer.}, number={1-3}, journal={SURFACE SCIENCE}, author={Bengel, H and Jobic, S and Deudon, C and Rouxel, J and Seo, DK and Whangbo, MH}, year={1998}, month={Mar}, pages={266–276} }
 @article{jung_seo_ren_whangbo_1998, title={Simulation of the scanning tunneling and atomic force microscopy images of a xanthine monolayer on graphite}, volume={401}, ISSN={["0039-6028"]}, DOI={10.1016/S0039-6028(98)00069-7}, abstractNote={The atomic force microscopy (AFM) and scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) images of a monolayer of xanthine molecules adsorbed on graphite were simulated by calculating total and partial electron density plots for a model bilayer of xanthine and graphite. Unlike the case of the total density plots, the partial electron density plots depend strongly on the registry of xanthine molecules on the graphite lattice. This result explains why the STM images show a superstructure modulation, whereas the AFM images do not.}, number={3}, journal={SURFACE SCIENCE}, author={Jung, D and Seo, DK and Ren, J and Whangbo, MH}, year={1998}, month={Apr}, pages={476–481} }
 @article{seo_whangbo_neininger_thiele_1998, title={Single-crystal X-ray diffraction and electronic band structure studies of PdTeI}, volume={137}, ISSN={["1095-726X"]}, DOI={10.1006/jssc.1997.7669}, abstractNote={Abstract The crystal structure of PdTeI was determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction measurements, and its electronic band structure was calculated using the extended-Huckel tight-binding method. Each Pd 3+ ( d 7 ) cation of PdTeI is located at a distorted octahedral site, so that PdTeI has four half-filled z 2 bands dispersive mainly along the c direction. Thus, optical and transport properties of PdTeI are predicted to be highly one-dimensional, although the crystal structure of PdTeI is three-dimensional. Implications of the crystal and electronic structures on the physical properties of PdTeI are discussed.}, number={2}, journal={JOURNAL OF SOLID STATE CHEMISTRY}, author={Seo, DK and Whangbo, MH and Neininger, K and Thiele, G}, year={1998}, month={May}, pages={206–210} }
 @article{seo_whangbo_subramanian_1997, title={Electronic band structure study of colossal magnetoresistance in Tl2Mn2O7}, volume={101}, ISSN={["1879-2766"]}, DOI={10.1016/S0038-1098(96)00622-9}, abstractNote={The electronic structure of Tl2Mn2O7 was examined by performing tight binding band calculations. The overlap between the Mnt2g- and Tl 6s-block bands results in a partial filling of the Tl 6s-block bands. The associated Fermi surface consists of 12 cigar-shape electron pockets with each electron pocket about 11000 of the first Brillouin zone in size. The Tl 6s-block bands have orbital contributions from the Mn atoms, and the carrier density is very low. These are important for the occurrence of a colossal magnetoresistance in Tl2Mn2O7.}, number={6}, journal={SOLID STATE COMMUNICATIONS}, author={Seo, DK and Whangbo, MH and Subramanian, MA}, year={1997}, month={Feb}, pages={417–421} }
 @article{lee_seo_whangbo_1997, title={Electronic band structure study of the anomalous electrical and superconducting properties of hexagonal alkali tungsten bronzes A(x)WO(3) (A=K, Rb, Cs)}, volume={119}, ISSN={["0002-7863"]}, DOI={10.1021/ja964455t}, abstractNote={The electrical and superconducting properties of hexagonal alkali tungsten bronzes AxWO3 (A = K, Rb, Cs) were examined by calculating the electronic band structure of a representative hexagonal tungsten bronze and analyzing reported crystal structures of AxWO3 (A = K, Rb, Cs). These bronzes possess one-dimensional (1D) and three-dimensional Fermi surfaces. The metal-to-semiconductor-to-metal transitions and superlattice reflections in KxWO3 and RbxWO3 are explained by a charge density wave (CDW) associated with the 1D Fermi surface. There occurs a maximum in the plots of the CDW onset temperature TB versus x for KxWO3 and RbxWO3. The presence of this maximum and the absence of a CDW in CsxWO3 reflect the balance of two opposing energy factors, the electronic instability and lattice stiffness, in forming a CDW. The dependence of the superconducting transition temperature TC on x suggests that a CDW transition removes lattice phonons conducive for superconductivity.}, number={17}, journal={JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY}, author={Lee, KS and Seo, DK and Whangbo, MH}, year={1997}, month={Apr}, pages={4043–4049} }
 @article{seo_ren_whangbo_canadell_1997, title={Electronic band structure study of the transport properties of the intermetallic compounds ZrRuP and ZrRuSi}, volume={36}, ISSN={["0020-1669"]}, DOI={10.1021/ic970148s}, abstractNote={Electrical properties of the intermetallic superconductors h-ZrRuP, o-ZrRuP, and h-ZrRuSi were examined by calculating their electronic structures on the basis of the extended Hückel tight-binding method. To a first approximation, the electronic structure of ZrRuP is well described in terms of the oxidation state Zr(4+)(RuP)(4)(-). This picture provides simple explanations for why both h-ZrRuP and o-ZrRuP have low N(E(f)) values and why h-ZrRuP has a nearly half-filled one-dimensional (1D) band dispersive along the c direction. A charge density wave instability associated with such a 1D band probably causes a c-axis doubling structural distortion in h-HfRuAs and h-TiRuAs. We discussed probable reasons for why the intermetallic phases with the c-axis doubling distortion are not superconductors and why h-ZrRuP has a higher T(c) than does o-ZrRuP.}, number={26}, journal={INORGANIC CHEMISTRY}, author={Seo, DK and Ren, JQ and Whangbo, MH and Canadell, E}, year={1997}, month={Dec}, pages={6058–6063} }
 @article{shreevekeyer_haushalter_lee_li_oconnor_seo_whangbo_1997, title={New layered materials in the K-In-Ge-As system: K8In8Ge5As17 and K5In5Ge5As14}, volume={130}, ISSN={["0022-4596"]}, DOI={10.1006/jssc.1996.7210}, abstractNote={Abstract Exploratory synthesis in the K–In–Ge–As system has yielded the unusual layered compounds K 8 In 8 Ge 5 As 17 (1) and K 5 In 5 Ge 5 As 14 (2), both of which contain In–Ge–As layers with interleaved potassium ions, Ge–Ge bonds, InAs 4 tetrahedra, As–As bonds, and rows of Ge 2 As 6 dimers. Compound 1 has As 3 groups, while compound 2 has infinite As ribbons on both faces of each layer. Unlike compound 1, compound 2 has substitutional defects where indium partially occupies each of the three independent germanium sites in the ratio of 1:5 for In:Ge. This partial occupancy makes 2 an electron-precise compound. The Ge(In)–Ge(In) bond of 2 is longer than the Ge–Ge bond of 1, and this bond lengthening effect was confirmed by performing DFT-MO calculations on the model compounds H 3 Ge–GeH 3 and H 3 Ge–InH − 3 . Possible implications of electron imprecise formulas determined by X-ray crystal structure determinations are discussed. Compound 1: space group P 2 1 / c with a =18.394 (8) A, b =19.087 (7) A, c =25.360 (3) A, β =105.71 (2)°, V =8571 (4) A 3 , and D calcd =4.45g/cm 3 for Z =4. Refinement on 4455 reflections yielded R ( R w )=6.8%(7.8%). Compound 2: space group C 2/ m with a =40.00 (1) A, b =3.925 (2) A, c =10.299 (3), β =99.97 (2)°, V =1592 (1) A 3 , and D calcd = 4.55g/cm 3 for Z =8. Refinement on 1206 reflections yielded R ( R w )=5.6% (5.7%).}, number={2}, journal={JOURNAL OF SOLID STATE CHEMISTRY}, author={ShreeveKeyer, JL and Haushalter, RC and Lee, YS and Li, SC and OConnor, CJ and Seo, DK and Whangbo, MH}, year={1997}, month={May}, pages={234–249} }
 @article{dhingra_seo_kowach_kremer_shreevekeyer_haushalter_whangbo_1997, title={One-dimensional semiconducting chains of the quaternary zintl anion in (Et4N)(4)[Au(Ag1-xAux)(2)Sn2Te9]}, volume={36}, ISSN={["0570-0833"]}, DOI={10.1002/anie.199710871}, abstractNote={Metal atoms in isolated chains are the sole components of the first quaternary Zintl anion [Au(Ag1-xAux)2Sn2Te9]-4 (x = 0.32; structure of depicted below) in the compound (Et4N4)[Au(Ag1-xAux)2Sn2Te9]. Electronic structure calculations and the diamagnetic and semiconducting properties of of this new compound show that the anion displays a Peierls distortion at room temperature.}, number={10}, journal={ANGEWANDTE CHEMIE-INTERNATIONAL EDITION IN ENGLISH}, author={Dhingra, SS and Seo, DK and Kowach, GR and Kremer, RK and ShreeveKeyer, JL and Haushalter, RC and Whangbo, MH}, year={1997}, month={Jun}, pages={1087–1090} }
 @article{gupta_seo_whangbo_jobic_rouxel_brec_1997, title={Square planar to rectangular distortion in transition-metal compounds of edge-sharing square planar units MX(4)}, volume={128}, ISSN={["0022-4596"]}, DOI={10.1006/jssc.1996.7177}, abstractNote={Abstract In transition metal compounds of edge-sharing square planarMX4units (M=group 10, group 11;X=O, S, Se), a square planar to rectangular distortion is observed. The causes for this distortion inMX2ladder chains,M3X4honeycomb layers, and 3DMXlattices were examined by performing extended Huckel tight binding electronic band structure calculations. The primary cause for the distortion is the reduction of the four-electron two-orbital destabilizing interactions among thep-orbitals ofX.}, number={2}, journal={JOURNAL OF SOLID STATE CHEMISTRY}, author={Gupta, N and Seo, DK and Whangbo, MH and Jobic, S and Rouxel, J and Brec, R}, year={1997}, month={Feb}, pages={181–184} }
 @misc{lee_seo_whangbo_1997, title={Structural and electronic factors governing the metallic and nonmetallic properties of the pyrochlores A(2)Ru(2)O(7-y)}, volume={131}, ISSN={["0022-4596"]}, DOI={10.1006/jssc.1997.7497}, abstractNote={Abstract The metal-versus-semiconductor behavior of ruthenium pyrochlores A 2 Ru 2 O 7− y was examined by calculating their electronic band structures. This behavior is explained in terms of the Mott–Hubbard mechanism of electron localization. The width of the t 2 g -block bands of A 2 Ru 2 O 7− y increases with increasing Ru–O–Ru bond angle, and the Ru–O–Ru angle increases with increasing size of the A cation. There is a good linear relationship between the ionic radius of the A cation and the Ru–O–Ru bond angle. This relationship makes it possible to calculate the amount of the O′ atom vacancy based on the observed Ru–O–Ru angle in Tl 2 Ru 2 O 7− y .}, number={2}, journal={JOURNAL OF SOLID STATE CHEMISTRY}, author={Lee, KS and Seo, DK and Whangbo, MH}, year={1997}, month={Jul}, pages={405–408} }
 @article{seo_perdue_ren_whangbo_1997, title={Study of scanning tunneling microscopy images and probable relaxations of the SrTiO3(100) surface by electronic structure calculations}, volume={370}, ISSN={["0039-6028"]}, DOI={10.1016/S0039-6028(97)80003-9}, abstractNote={Abstract Partial electron density plots were calculated for a model SrTiO 3 (100) surface with √5 × √5 ordered oxygen vacancy to examine why the bright spots of the scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) images of SrTiO 3 (100) observed in ultrahigh vacuum (UHV) correspond to the oxygen vacancy sites. Possible dependence of the image on the polarity and magnitude of the bias voltage was also discussed on the basis of partial electron density plot calculations. Our study strongly suggests that the UHV STM imaging involves the lowest-lying d-block level of every two Ti 3+ centers adjacent to an oxygen vacancy, the tip-sample distance involved in the UHV STM experiments is substantially larger than that involved in typical ambient-condition STM imaging, and the Ti 4+ and Ti 3+ sites of SrTiO 3 (100) are reconstructed.}, number={2-3}, journal={SURFACE SCIENCE}, author={Seo, DK and Perdue, K and Ren, J and Whangbo, MH}, year={1997}, month={Jan}, pages={245–251} }
 @article{seo_ren_whangbo_1997, title={Study of the origin of superstructure patterns in the scanning tunneling images of perylene-3,4,9,10-tetracarboxylic-dianhydride on graphite by electronic structure calculations}, volume={370}, ISSN={["0039-6028"]}, DOI={10.1016/S0039-6028(96)00948-X}, abstractNote={Partial electron density plots were calculated for various arrangements of perylene-3,4,9,10-tetracarboxylic-dianhydride (PTCDA) molecules on graphite to understand why scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) images of PTCDA on graphite exhibit superstructure contrast variations. In agreement with experiment, the contrast of the partial electron density plot depends strongly on the orientation and position of PTCDA on graphite. This observation originates from the fact that the overlap between the orbitals of the adsorbate and substrate is strongly affected by their relative arrangement. The HOMO or LUMO density of an adsorbate molecule can be inadequate in interpreting STM images of adsorbate molecules.}, number={2-3}, journal={SURFACE SCIENCE}, author={Seo, DK and Ren, J and Whangbo, MH}, year={1997}, month={Jan}, pages={252–258} }
 @article{seo_whangbo_1997, title={Symmetric stretching vibrations of two-coordinate oxygen bridges as a cause for negative thermal expansion in zrv(x)p(2)-(x)o(7) and aw(2)o(8) (a=zr, hf) at high temperature}, volume={129}, DOI={10.1006/jssc.1997.7301}, abstractNote={Abstract To examine the origin of negative thermal expansion in oxides ZrV x P 2− x O 7 ( x =0–2) and A W 2 O 8 ( A =Zr, Hf), ab initio self-consistent-field molecular orbital calculations were carried out for a model compound (HO) 3 P–O–P(OH) 2+ 3 . Our study suggests that symmetric stretching vibrations of two-coordinate oxygen bridges are strongly coupled with their bending vibrations and are more important for negative thermal expansion at high temperature. The oxygen bridges accomodate a large stretching of the A –O ( A =Zr, Hf) and M –O ( M =P,V) bonds at high temperature by decreasing the bond angles of the oxygen bridges. When the bond angles increase, the bonds are shortened due to the π-type orbital interactions associated with the oxygen lone pair orbitals.}, number={1}, journal={Journal of Solid State Chemistry}, author={Seo, D. K. and Whangbo, M.-H.}, year={1997}, pages={160–163} }
 @article{lee_seo_whangbo_li_mackay_hwu_1997, title={Vacancy ordering as the cause for the electrical resistivity anomalies and superlattice modulations in ACu(7-x)S(4) (A = Tl, K, Rb)}, volume={134}, ISSN={["0022-4596"]}, DOI={10.1006/jssc.1997.7506}, abstractNote={Abstract The electronic structure of KCu 7 S 4 was calculated using the extended Huckel tight binding method, and the origin of the resistivity anomalies and the superlattice reflections of A Cu 7− x S 4 ( A =Tl, K, Rb) was probed. The present work shows that A Cu 7− x S 4 ( A =Tl, K, Rb) can be metallic only for x >0 and that the superlattice modulations of A Cu 7− x S 4 ( A =Tl, K, Rb) are caused by the vacancy ordering in the Cu(2) atom sites. The resistivity anomalies of A Cu 7− x S 4 are explained in terms of the vacancy ordering in the Cu(2)–Cu(2) chains.}, number={1}, journal={JOURNAL OF SOLID STATE CHEMISTRY}, author={Lee, KS and Seo, DK and Whangbo, MH and Li, H and Mackay, R and Hwu, SJ}, year={1997}, month={Nov}, pages={5–9} }