@article{joyner_gould_1985, title={DEVELOPMENTAL CONSEQUENCES OF CANNIBALISM IN HELIOTHIS-ZEA (LEPIDOPTERA, NOCTUIDAE)}, volume={78}, ISSN={["0013-8746"]}, DOI={10.1093/aesa/78.1.24}, abstractNote={Heliothis zea (Boddie) larvae reared on low-moisture diet medium had longer development time and lower pupal weight than larvae reared on standard corn/soybean artificial diet. Larvae given conspecific prey in addition to the low-moisture diet medium had significantly shorter development time, greater survivorship, and greater pupal weight than larvae on a low-moisture diet but not given conspecific prey. On a standard artificial diet there were no significant differences between cannibals and noncannibals. These results indicate a nutritional benefit of cannibalism under less than optimal (low moisture) conditions that is not found under better conditions.}, number={1}, journal={ANNALS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA}, author={JOYNER, K and GOULD, F}, year={1985}, pages={24–28} }