@article{xu_lin_stark_ferket_williams_brake_2017, title={Effects of dietary coarsely ground corn and 3 bedding floor types on broiler live performance, litter characteristics, gizzard and proventriculus weight, and nutrient digestibility}, volume={96}, DOI={10.3382/ps/pew485}, number={7}, journal={Poultry Science}, author={Xu, Y. and Lin, Y. M. and Stark, C. R. and Ferket, P. R. and Williams, C. M. and Brake, J.}, year={2017}, pages={2110–2119} }
 @article{xu_stark_ferket_williams_auttawong_brake_2015, title={Effects of dietary coarsely ground corn and litter type on broiler live performance, litter characteristics, gastrointestinal tract development, apparent ileal digestibility of energy and nitrogen, and intestinal morphology}, volume={94}, DOI={10.3382/ps/peu016}, number={3}, journal={Poultry Science}, author={Xu, Y. and Stark, C. R. and Ferket, P. R. and Williams, C. M. and Auttawong, S. and Brake, J.}, year={2015}, pages={353–361} }
 @article{xu_stark_ferket_williams_brake_2015, title={Effects of feed form and dietary coarse ground corn on broiler live performance, body weight uniformity, relative gizzard weight, excreta nitrogen, and particle size preference behaviors}, volume={94}, DOI={10.3382/ps/pev074}, number={7}, journal={Poultry Science}, author={Xu, Y. and Stark, C. R. and Ferket, P. R. and Williams, C. M. and Brake, J.}, year={2015}, pages={1549–1556} }
 @article{xu_stark_ferket_williams_nusairat_brake_2015, title={Evaluation of litter type and dietary coarse ground corn inclusion on broiler live performance, gastrointestinal tract development, and litter characteristics}, volume={94}, DOI={10.3382/ps/peu057}, number={3}, journal={Poultry Science}, author={Xu, Y. and Stark, C. R. and Ferket, P. R. and Williams, C. M. and Nusairat, B. and Brake, J.}, year={2015}, pages={362–370} }
 @article{lee_kullman_yost_meyer_worley-davis_williams_reckhow_2015, title={Predicting characteristics of rainfall driven estrogen runoff and transport from swine AFO spray fields}, volume={532}, DOI={10.1016/j.scitotenv.2015.06.051}, journal={Science of the Total Environment}, author={Lee, B. and Kullman, S. and Yost, E. E. and Meyer, M. T. and Worley-Davis, L. and Williams, C. M. and Reckhow, K. H.}, year={2015}, pages={571–580} }
 @article{yost_meyer_dietze_williams_worley-davis_lee_kullman_2014, title={Transport of steroid hormones, phytoestrogens, and estrogenic activity across a swine lagoon/sprayfield system}, volume={48}, DOI={10.1021/es5025806}, number={19}, journal={Environmental Science & Technology}, author={Yost, E. E. and Meyer, M. T. and Dietze, J. E. and Williams, C. M. and Worley-Davis, L. and Lee, B. and Kullman, S. W.}, year={2014}, pages={11600–11609} }
 @article{yost_meyer_dietze_meissner_worley-davis_williams_lee_kullman_2013, title={Comprehensive assessment of hormones, phytoestrogens, and estrogenic activity in an anaerobic swine waste lagoon}, volume={47}, DOI={10.1021/es4026408}, number={23}, journal={Environmental Science & Technology}, author={Yost, E. E. and Meyer, M. T. and Dietze, J. E. and Meissner, B. M. and Worley-Davis, L. and Williams, C. M. and Lee, B. and Kullman, S. W.}, year={2013}, pages={13781–13790} }
 @article{vibart_washburn_green_benson_williams_pacheco_lopez-villalobos_2012, title={Effects of feeding strategy on milk production, reproduction, pasture utilization, and economics of autumn-calving dairy cows in eastern North Carolina}, volume={95}, DOI={10.3168/jds.2011-4755}, number={2}, journal={Journal of Dairy Science}, author={Vibart, R. E. and Washburn, S. P. and Green, J. T. and Benson, G. A. and Williams, C. M. and Pacheco, D. and Lopez-Villalobos, N.}, year={2012}, pages={997–1010} }
 @article{ko_simmons_likirdopulos_worley-davis_williams_sobsey_2010, title={Endotoxin levels at swine farms using different waste treatment and management technologies}, volume={44}, DOI={10.1021/es9026024}, number={9}, journal={Environmental Science & Technology}, author={Ko, G. and Simmons, O. D. and Likirdopulos, C. A. and Worley-Davis, L. and Williams, C. M. and Sobsey, M. D.}, year={2010}, pages={3442–3448} }
 @article{creamer_chen_williams_cheng_2010, title={Stable thermophilic anaerobic digestion of dissolved air flotation (DAF) sludge by co-digestion with swine manure}, volume={101}, DOI={10.1016/j.biortech.2009.12.029}, number={9}, journal={Bioresource Technology}, author={Creamer, K. S. and Chen, Y. and Williams, C. M. and Cheng, J. J.}, year={2010}, pages={3020–3024} }
 @inproceedings{williams_2009, title={Development of environmentally superior technologies in the US and policy}, volume={100}, number={22}, booktitle={Bioresource Technology}, author={Williams, C. M.}, year={2009}, pages={5512–5518} }
 @article{aneja_arya_kim_rumsey_arkinson_semunegus_bajwa_dickey_stefanski_todd_et al._2008, title={Characterizing ammonia emissions from swine farms in Eastern North Carolina. Part 1, Conventional lagoon and spray technology for waste treatment}, volume={58}, DOI={10.3155/1047-3289.58.9.1130}, number={9}, journal={Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association}, author={Aneja, V. P. and Arya, S. P. and Kim, D. S. and Rumsey, I. C. and Arkinson, H. L. and Semunegus, H. and Bajwa, K. S. and Dickey, D. A. and Stefanski, L. A. and Todd, L. and et al.}, year={2008}, pages={1130–1144} }
 @article{aneja_arya_rumsey_kim_bajwa_arkinson_semunegus_dickey_stefanski_todd_et al._2008, title={Characterizing ammonia emissions from swine farms in eastern North Carolina. Part 2, Potential environmentally superior technologies for waste treatment}, volume={58}, DOI={10.3155/1047-3289.58.9.1145}, number={9}, journal={Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association}, author={Aneja, V. P. and Arya, S. P. and Rumsey, I. C. and Kim, D. S. and Bajwa, K. and Arkinson, H. L. and Semunegus, H. and Dickey, D. A. and Stefanski, L. A. and Todd, L. and et al.}, year={2008}, pages={1145–1157} }
 @article{aneja_arya_rumsey_kim_bajwa_williams_2008, title={Characterizing ammonia emissions from swine farms in eastern North Carolina: Reduction of emissions from water-holding structures at two candidate superior technologies for waste treatment}, volume={42}, DOI={10.1016/j.atmosenv.2007.08.037}, number={14}, journal={Atmospheric Environment}, author={Aneja, V. P. and Arya, S. P. and Rumsey, I. C. and Kim, D. S. and Bajwa, K. S. and Williams, C. M.}, year={2008}, pages={3291–3300} }
 @article{creamer_williams_chen_cheng_2008, title={Implications of urine-to-feces ratio in the thermophilic anaerobic digestion of swine waste}, volume={80}, DOI={10.2175/106143007X184717}, number={3}, journal={Water Environment Research}, author={Creamer, K. S. and Williams, C. M. and Chen, Y. and Cheng, J. J.}, year={2008}, pages={267–275} }
 @article{showers_williams_jennings_2006, title={Impact of large poultry operations on groundwater: Stable 15N isotopes of nitrate assessment}, volume={5}, ISBN={1682-8356}, DOI={10.3923/ijps.2006.318.329}, number={4}, journal={International Journal of Poultry Science}, author={Showers, W. J. and Williams, C. M. and Jennings, G. D.}, year={2006}, pages={318} }
 @article{schiffman_williams_2005, title={Science of odor as a potential health issue}, volume={34}, number={1}, journal={Journal of Environmental Quality}, author={Schiffman, S. S. and Williams, C. M.}, year={2005}, pages={129–138} }
 @article{bottcher_keener_munilla_williams_schiffman_2004, title={Dust and odor emissions from tunnel ventilated swine buildings in North Carolina and comparison of different odor evaluation methods}, volume={20}, DOI={10.13031/2013.16064}, number={3}, journal={Applied Engineering in Agriculture}, author={Bottcher, R. W. and Keener, K. M. and Munilla, R. D. and Williams, C. M. and Schiffman, S. S.}, year={2004}, pages={343–347} }
 @article{armstrong_cook_ward_williams_spears_2004, title={Effect of dietary copper source (cupric citrate and,cupric sulfate) and concentration on growth performance and fecal copper excretion in weanling pigs}, volume={82}, DOI={10.1093/ansci/82.4.1234}, number={4}, journal={Journal of Animal Science}, author={Armstrong, T. A. and Cook, D. R. and Ward, M. M. and Williams, C. M. and Spears, J. W.}, year={2004}, pages={1234–1240} }
 @article{miner_humenik_rice_rashash_williams_robarge_harris_sheffield_2003, title={Evaluation of a permeable, 5 cm thick, polyethylene foam lagoon cover}, volume={46}, DOI={10.13031/2013.15442}, number={5}, journal={Transactions of the ASAE}, author={Miner, J. R. and Humenik, F. J. and Rice, J. M. and Rashash, D. M. C. and Williams, C. and Robarge, W. and Harris, D. B. and Sheffield, R.}, year={2003}, pages={1421–1426} }
 @article{grimes_williams_godwin_smith_2003, title={Heat treatment of turkey litter for reuse as bedding}, volume={2}, ISBN={1682-8356}, DOI={10.3923/ijps.2003.287.292}, number={5}, journal={International Journal of Poultry Science}, author={Grimes, J. L. and Williams, C. M. and Godwin, J. L. and Smith, J. C.}, year={2003}, pages={287} }
 @article{grimes_smith_williams_2002, title={Some alternative litter materials used for growing broilers and turkeys}, volume={58}, DOI={10.1079/wps20020037}, number={4}, journal={World's Poultry Science Journal}, author={Grimes, J. L. and Smith, J. and Williams, C. M.}, year={2002}, pages={515–526} }
 @article{williams_2001, title={Technologies to address air quality issues impacting animal agriculture}, volume={44}, DOI={10.2166/wst.2001.0547}, number={9}, journal={Water Science and Technology}, author={Williams, C. M.}, year={2001}, pages={233–236} }
 @article{bottcher_keener_munilla_williams_schiffman_2000, title={Dust and odor emissions from tunnel ventilated swine buildings in North Carolina}, ISBN={1892769123}, journal={Air pollution from agricultural operations : proceedings of the 2nd international conference, October 9-11, 2000, Des Moines, Iowa}, publisher={St. Joseph, Mich. : American Society of Agricultural Engineers}, author={Bottcher, R. W. and Keener, K. M. and Munilla, R. D. and Williams, C. M. and Schiffman, S. S.}, year={2000}, pages={196} }
 @article{grimes_williams_carter_godwin_2000, title={Heat processing of turkey litter for re-use as a bedding material}, ISBN={0962768267}, journal={Proceedings, 2000 National Poultry Waste Management Symposium}, publisher={Auburn University, AL : National Poultry Waste Management Symposium Committee}, author={Grimes, J. L. and Williams, C. M. and Carter, T. A. and Godwin, J. L.}, year={2000}, pages={353} }
 @article{armstrong_williams_spears_schiffman_2000, title={High dietary copper improves odor characteristics of swine waste}, volume={78}, DOI={10.2527/2000.784859x}, number={4}, journal={Journal of Animal Science}, author={Armstrong, T. A. and Williams, C. M. and Spears, J. W. and Schiffman, S. S.}, year={2000}, pages={859–864} }
 @article{bottcher_keener_munilla_williams_schiffman_2000, title={Scent of a swine building: Tunnel ventilation problems test engineers' ingenuity}, volume={7}, ISBN={1076-3333}, number={10}, journal={Resource, Engineering & Technology for a Sustainable World}, author={Bottcher, R. W. and Keener, K. M. and Munilla, R. D. and Williams, C. M. and Schiffman, S. S.}, year={2000}, pages={13} }
 @article{williams_barker_sims_1999, title={Management and utilization of poultry wastes}, volume={162}, DOI={10.1007/978-1-4612-1528-8_3}, number={1999}, journal={Reviews of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology}, author={Williams, C. M. and Barker, J. C. and Sims, J. T.}, year={1999}, pages={105–157} }
 @article{williams_grimes_mikkelsen_1999, title={The use of poultry litter as co-substrate and source of inorganic nutrients and microorganisms for the ex situ biodegradation of petroleum compounds}, volume={78}, DOI={10.1093/ps/78.7.956}, number={7}, journal={Poultry Science}, author={Williams, C. M. and Grimes, J. L. and Mikkelsen, R. L.}, year={1999}, pages={956–964} }
 @article{van horne_brake_williams_1998, title={Economics of controlling ammonia emission from commercial layer farms}, volume={7}, DOI={10.1093/japr/7.1.61}, number={1}, journal={Journal of Applied Poultry Research}, author={Van Horne, P. L. M. and Brake, J. and Williams, C. M.}, year={1998}, pages={61–68} }
 @misc{shih_williams_1992, title={Purified Bacillus licheniformis PWD-1 keratinase}, volume={5171682}, publisher={Washington, DC: U.S. Patent and Trademark Office}, author={Shih, J. C. H. and Williams, C. M.}, year={1992} }
 @article{williams_lee_garlich_shih_1991, title={Evaluation of a bacterial feather fermentation product, feather-lysate, as a feed protein}, volume={70}, DOI={10.3382/ps.0700085}, number={1}, journal={Poultry Science}, author={Williams, C. M. and Lee, C. G. and Garlich, J. D. and Shih, J. C. H.}, year={1991}, pages={85} }
 @misc{shih_williams_1991, title={Method of degrading keratinaceous material and bacteria useful therefor}, volume={5063161}, publisher={Washington, DC: U.S. Patent and Trademark Office}, author={Shih, J. C. H. and Williams, C. M.}, year={1991} }
 @misc{shih_williams_1990, title={Feather-lysate, a hydrolyzed feather feed ingredient and animal feeds containing the same}, volume={4908220}, publisher={Washington, DC: U.S. Patent and Trademark Office}, author={Shih, J. C. H. and Williams, C. M.}, year={1990} }
 @article{williams_richter_mackenzie_shih_1990, title={Isolation, identification, and characterization of a feather-degrading bacterium}, volume={56}, number={6}, journal={Applied and Environmental Microbiology}, author={Williams, C. M. and Richter, C. S. and MacKenzie, J. M., Jr. and Shih, J. C. H.}, year={1990}, pages={1509} }
 @misc{shih_williams_1990, title={Method of degrading keratinaceous material and bacteria useful therefore}, volume={4959311}, publisher={Washington, DC: U.S. Patent and Trademark Office}, author={Shih, J. C. H. and Williams, C. M.}, year={1990} }
 @article{williams_shih_1989, title={Enumeration of some microbial groups in thermophilic poultry waste digesters and enrichment of a feather-degrading culture}, volume={67}, DOI={10.1111/j.1365-2672.1989.tb04951.x}, number={1}, journal={Journal of Applied Bacteriology}, author={Williams, C. M. and Shih, J. C. H.}, year={1989}, pages={25} }
 @article{williams_colwell_rose_1980, title={Genetic resistance of chickens to aflatoxin assessed with organ-culture techniques}, volume={24}, DOI={10.2307/1589708}, number={2}, journal={Avian Diseases}, author={Williams, C. M. and Colwell, W. M. and Rose, L. P.}, year={1980}, pages={415} }