David Malone Chan Chan, D. M., & Franke, J. E. (2004). Probabilities of extinction, weak extinction permanence, and mutual exclusion in discrete, competitive, Lotka-Volterra systems. Computers & Mathematics With Applications, 47(03-Feb), 365–379. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0898-1221(04)00018-5 Chan, D. M., & Franke, J. E. (2004). Probabilities of extinction, weak extinction, permanence, and mutual exclusion in discrete, competitive, Lotka-Volterra systems that involve invading species. MATHEMATICAL AND COMPUTER MODELLING, 40(7-8), 809–821. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mcm.2004.10.013 Chan, D. M., & Franke, J. E. (2001). Multiple extinctions in a discrete competitive system. NONLINEAR ANALYSIS-REAL WORLD APPLICATIONS, 2(1), 75–91. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0362-546X(99)00282-5