@article{ahmed_desimone_roberts_2006, title={Copolymerization of vinylidene fluoride with hexafluoropropylene in supercritical carbon dioxide}, volume={39}, ISSN={["1520-5835"]}, DOI={10.1021/ma051268j}, abstractNote={Vinylidene fluoride (VDF) and hexafluoropropylene (HFP) were copolymerized in supercritical carbon dioxide (scCO2) by a free radical mechanism with and without the use of a fluorinated graft poly(methyl vinly ether-alt-maleic anhydride) copolymer (F-g-PMVE-MA) stabilizer. A series of VDF−HFP copolymers, with composition varying from 1.46 to 25.62 mol % (HFP in copolymer), were synthesized with yields in the range 25−54 wt %. The reactivity ratios of VDF and HFP in CO2 were estimated as rVDF = 5.13 and rHFP ≈ 0. The weight-average molecular weights of copolymers, relative to narrow standard poly(methyl methacrylate), were between 35 and 188 kg/mol, and the polydispersity was between 1.4 and 3.1. A solubility study demonstrated that VDF−HFP copolymers were more soluble in CO2 than in VDF or HFP. In addition, F-g-PMVE-MA was found to act as a stabilizer for the copolymerization of VDF and HFP in scCO2, leading to products with higher molecular weight and improved morphology.}, number={1}, journal={MACROMOLECULES}, author={Ahmed, TS and DeSimone, JM and Roberts, GW}, year={2006}, month={Jan}, pages={15–18} } @article{ahmed_desimone_roberts_2004, title={Continuous precipitation polymerization of vinylidene fluoride in supercritical carbon dioxide: modeling the molecular weight distribution}, volume={59}, number={22-23}, journal={Chemical Engineering Science}, author={Ahmed, T. S. and Desimone, J. M. and Roberts, G. W.}, year={2004}, pages={5139–5144} } @inbook{stone_ahmed_nalevanko_2000, title={Internet-based decision support for advanced public transportation systems technology}, ISBN={0309067383}, number={1731}, booktitle={Transit: Bus transit and maintenance: Rural paratransit technology: Capacity and quality of service}, publisher={Washington, DC: National Academy Press}, author={Stone, J. R. and Ahmed, T. and Nalevanko, A.}, year={2000}, pages={63–67} }