@article{berger_sidik_2003, title={Exact unconditional tests for a 2 x 2 matched-pairs design}, volume={12}, ISSN={["0962-2802"]}, DOI={10.1191/0962280203sm312ra}, abstractNote={The problem of comparing two proportions in a 2 × 2 matched-pairs design with binary responses is considered. We consider one-sided null and alternative hypotheses. The problem has two nuisance parameters. Using the monotonicity of the multinomial distribution, four exact unconditional tests based on p-values are proposed by reducing the dimension of the nuisance parameter space from two to one in computation. The size and power of the four exact tests and two other tests, the exact conditional binomial test and the asymptotic McNemar’s test, are considered. It is shown that the tests based on the confidence interval p-value are more powerful than the tests based on the standard p-value. In addition, it is found that the exact conditional binomial test is conservative and not powerful for testing the hypothesis. Moreover, the asymptotic McNemar’s test is shown to have incorrect size; that is, its size is larger than the nominal level of the test. Overall, the test based on McNemar’s statistic and the confidence interval p-value is found to be the most powerful test with the correct size among the tests in this comparison.}, number={2}, journal={STATISTICAL METHODS IN MEDICAL RESEARCH}, author={Berger, RL and Sidik, K}, year={2003}, month={Mar}, pages={91–108} } @article{hellkamp_bay_campbell_easterling_fiscus_hess_mcquaid_munster_olson_peck_et al._2000, title={Assessment of the condition of agricultural lands in six mid-Atlantic states}, volume={29}, ISSN={["0047-2425"]}, DOI={10.2134/jeq2000.00472425002900030015x}, abstractNote={Abstract Indicators of the condition and sustainability of agricultural lands covering 5.5 million ha in six mid‐Atlantic states were measured in 1994 and 1995. The primary objective was to collect baseline information against which future data from the region can be compared. Soil samples and questionnaire data were collected from a random sample of 293 sites. Indicators addressed productivity, management at the agroecosystem scale, and management for the landscape scale on annual crop land. Crop yields were almost 30% higher than those of the 1980s, with a mean observed to expected yield index of 1.27. The mean soil quality index showed moderate quality for supporting plant growth. Non‐tilled sites, which were mostly hay, had greater microbial biomass than tilled sites. Just over half of the annual crop land was covered by rotation plans; hay fields accounted for most of the land where one crop was grown continuously. Hay showed a lower use of applied nitrogen than seed crops. Integrated pest management was practiced on less than 20% of annual crop land. Twenty‐seven different annual crops were grown in the region, with hay (all types) the dominant crop. Less than 20% of the land where pesticides were applied had high to moderately high potential for pesticides leaching into ground water. This information provides a baseline for long‐term monitoring of agricultural lands in the region.}, number={3}, journal={JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY}, author={Hellkamp, AS and Bay, JM and Campbell, CL and Easterling, KN and Fiscus, DA and Hess, GR and McQuaid, BF and Munster, MJ and Olson, GL and Peck, SL and et al.}, year={2000}, pages={795–804} } @article{sidik_morris_1999, title={Nonparametric step-down test procedures for finding minimum effective dose}, volume={9}, number={2}, journal={Journal of Biopharmaceutical Statistics}, author={Sidik, K. and Morris, R. W.}, year={1999}, pages={217–240} } @article{hellkamp_shafer_campbell_bay_fiscus_hess_mcquaid_munster_olson_peck_et al._1998, title={Assessment of the condition of agricultural lands in five mid-Atlantic states}, volume={51}, ISSN={["0167-6369"]}, DOI={10.1023/A:1005955807061}, number={1-2}, journal={ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT}, author={Hellkamp, AS and Shafer, SR and Campbell, CL and Bay, JM and Fiscus, DA and Hess, GR and McQuaid, BF and Munster, MJ and Olson, GL and Peck, SL and et al.}, year={1998}, month={Jun}, pages={317–324} }