@article{balasubramanian_mcbreen_pandya_amine_2002, title={Local structure of dilute gallium ions in LiNi0.908Co0.085Ga0.003O2 cathode material - In situ X-ray absorption study}, volume={149}, ISSN={["0013-4651"]}, DOI={10.1149/1.1501096}, abstractNote={We have utilized in situ X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) to study the local atomic structure of dilute Ga dopants in LiNi 0.908 Co 0.085 Ga 0.003 O 2 cathode material. We find that in the as-prepared material Ga 3+ ions occupy Ni-type sites in the host lattice, as expected. On delithiation (charging), Ga migrates from octahedral Ni-type sites to interstitial tetrahedral sites. The high site preference of Ga 3+ ions for tetrahedral sites leads to the stabilization of the Ga ions in these sites. We speculate that this migration of the Ga 3+ ions suppresses the transfer of Ni to Li-type sites and also helps to maintain a single hexagonal phase by acting as pillaring ions during high states of charge. We suggest that the high stability of Ga in tetrahedral sites Is at the origin of the significant improvement of the cycling and structural properties of Ga-doped cathode materials reported earlier by others.}, number={9}, journal={JOURNAL OF THE ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY}, author={Balasubramanian, M and McBreen, J and Pandya, K and Amine, K}, year={2002}, month={Sep}, pages={A1246–A1249} }
 @article{odzak_argo_lai_gates_pandya_feraria_2001, title={A flow-through x-ray absorption spectroscopy cell for characterization of powder catalysts in the working state}, volume={72}, ISSN={["0034-6748"]}, DOI={10.1063/1.1403011}, abstractNote={We report the design and demonstration of an x-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) cell used for the characterization of solid (powder) catalysts in operation with gas-phase reactants. The use of powder samples removes complications arising from mass transfer limitations in pressed wafer samples, the typical form of catalyst used in other in situ XAS cells. The new cell allows collection of XAS data at temperatures ranging from about 230 to 470 K, gas flow rates ranging from about 10 to 500 ml min−1, and pressures ranging from about 1 to 3 atm. The cell is designed to function nearly as a plug flow reactor.}, number={10}, journal={REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS}, author={Odzak, JF and Argo, AM and Lai, FS and Gates, BC and Pandya, K and Feraria, L}, year={2001}, month={Oct}, pages={3943–3945} }
 @article{we o'grady_hagans_pandya_maricle_2001, title={Structure of Pt/Ru catalysts using X-ray absorption near edge structure studies}, volume={17}, ISSN={["0743-7463"]}, DOI={10.1021/la0017532}, abstractNote={Pt/Ru catalysts with two very different structures were examined with X-ray absorption near edge structure (XANES). One sample was an industrial methanol fuel cell Pt/Ru alloy catalyst black, and the second was a carbon-supported Pt/Ru catalyst. In both cases the as-prepared Pt/Ru catalysts were found, with XANES, to be predominately in the form of Pt and Ru oxides. When these catalysts were placed in an electrochemical cell and held in the potential region where methanol oxidation occurs, XANES data indicate that the metal oxides were reduced to the metallic form. These results also demonstrate that conclusions about the electrocatalytic activity of Pt/Ru materials for methanol oxidation drawn from the characterization of as-prepared samples have little relevance.}, number={10}, journal={LANGMUIR}, author={WE O'Grady and Hagans, PL and Pandya, KI and Maricle, DL}, year={2001}, month={May}, pages={3047–3050} }
 @article{natishan_we o'grady_mccafferty_ramaker_pandya_russell_1999, title={Chloride uptake by oxide covered aluminum as determined by X-ray photoelectron and X-ray absorption spectroscopy}, volume={146}, ISSN={["0013-4651"]}, DOI={10.1149/1.1391835}, abstractNote={The uptake of chloride by aluminum polarized at potentials below (less positive than) the pitting potential in 0.1 M NaCl solutions was studied using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS). The XPS chloride spectra showed that two distinct sets of doublets are present. One doublet is related to chloride on the surface and the second is related to chloride incorporated in the oxide film. In the case of XAS, deconvolution of the spectrum obtained for samples polarized below the pitting potential also showed the presence of chloride in the near surface region and in the oxide film. The important point of this work is that the observed chloride was present in two different chemical environments as determined with both XAS and XPS.}, number={5}, journal={JOURNAL OF THE ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY}, author={Natishan, PM and WE O'Grady and McCafferty, E and Ramaker, DE and Pandya, K and Russell, A}, year={1999}, month={May}, pages={1737–1740} }
 @article{qian_sambe_ramaker_pandya_o'grady_1997, title={Quantitative interpretation of K-edge NEXAFS data for various nickel hydroxides and the charged nickel electrode}, volume={101}, number={46}, journal={Journal of Physical Chemistry. B, Condensed Matter, Materials, Surfaces, Interfaces & Biophysical}, author={Qian, X. and Sambe, H. and Ramaker, D. E. and Pandya, K. I. and O'Grady, W. E.}, year={1997}, pages={9441–9446} }