@article{lyons_collazo_guglielmo_2008, title={Plasma metabolites and migration physiology of semipalmated sandpipers: refueling performance at five latitudes}, volume={155}, ISSN={["1432-1939"]}, DOI={10.1007/s00442-007-0921-x}, abstractNote={Long-distance bird migration is fueled by energy gathered at stopover sites along the migration route. The refueling rate at stopover sites is a determinant of time spent at stopovers and impacts the overall speed of migration. Refueling rate during spring migration may influence the fitness of individuals via changes in the probability of successful migration and reproduction during the subsequent breeding season. We evaluated four plasma lipid metabolites (triglycerides, phospholipids, beta-OH-butyrate, and glycerol) as measures of refueling rate in free-living semipalmated sandpipers (Calidris pusilla) captured at non-breeding areas. We described the spatial and temporal variation in metabolite concentrations among one winter site in the Dominican Republic and four stopover sites in the South Atlantic and Mid-Atlantic Coastal Plain regions of North America. Triglycerides and beta-OH-butyrate clearly identified spatial variation in refueling rate and stopover habitat quality. Metabolite profiles indicated that birds had higher refueling rates at one site in the Mid-Atlantic Coastal Plain than at three sites on the South Atlantic Coastal Plain and one site in the Dominican Republic. Temporal variation in lipid metabolites during the migration season suggested that male semipalmated sandpipers gained more weight at stopovers on the South Atlantic Coastal Plain than did females, evidence of differential migration strategies for the sexes. Plasma lipid metabolites provide information on migration physiology that may help determine stopover habitat quality and reveal how migratory populations use stopover sites to refuel and successfully complete long-distance migrations.}, number={3}, journal={OECOLOGIA}, author={Lyons, James E. and Collazo, Jaime A. and Guglielmo, Christopher G.}, year={2008}, month={Mar}, pages={417–427} }
 @article{lyons_thrall_pruitt_2007, title={Comparison of isodose distributions in canine brain in heterogeneity-corrected versus uncorrected treatment plans using 6 MV photons}, volume={48}, ISSN={["1740-8261"]}, DOI={10.1111/j.1740-8261.2007.00245.x}, abstractNote={Magnetic resonance (MR) images may be useful for radiation planning due to greater contrast resolution. One disadvantage of MR images for radiation planning is the inability to incorporate electron density information into the dose calculation algorithm. To assess the magnitude of this problem, we evaluated radiation dose distribution in canine brain by comparing computed tomography (CT)-based radiotherapy plans with and without electron density correction. Computerized radiotherapy plans were generated for 13 dogs with brain tumors using 6 MV photons. A tissue-contouring program was used to outline the gross tumor volume (GTV) and the planning target volume (PTV) for each patient. Two treatment plans were generated for each dog. First, the plan was optimized without heterogeneity correction. Then the heterogeneity correction was implemented without changing any other plan parameters. Isodose distributions and dose volume histograms (DVHs) were used to compare the two plans. The D95 (dose delivered to 95% of the volume) within the PTV was calculated for each treatment plan and differences in the D95s were compared. The mean D95s without and with heterogeneity correction were 49.1 +/- 0.7 and 48.9 +/- 1.0Gy, respectively. The absolute mean percent dose difference without and with heterogeneity correction was 1.0 - 0.9% (-1.3-3.2%) and was not considered to be clinically significant. We found no clinically significant difference between CT-based radiotherapy plans without and with heterogeneity correction for brain tumors in small animals, which supports the use of MR-based treatment planning for radiotherapy of small animal brain tumors.}, number={3}, journal={VETERINARY RADIOLOGY & ULTRASOUND}, author={Lyons, J. and Thrall, D. E. and Pruitt, A. F.}, year={2007}, pages={292–296} }
 @article{nebel_lank_pd o'hara_fernandez_haase_delgado_estela_ogden_harrington_kus_et al._2002, title={Western sandpipers (Calidris mauri) during the nonbreeding season: Spatial segregation on a hemispheric scale}, volume={119}, ISSN={["0004-8038"]}, DOI={10.1642/0004-8038(2002)119[0922:WSCMDT]2.0.CO;2}, abstractNote={Abstract The nonbreeding distribution of Western Sandpipers (Calidris mauri) was documented using 19 data sets from 13 sites along the Pacific and Atlantic coasts of the Americas. Western Sandpipers showed latitudinal segregation with regard to sex and age. Females wintered farther south than males. A “U” shaped pattern was found with respect to age, with juveniles occurring at higher proportions at both the northern and southern ends of the range. Distribution of sexes might be affected by differences in bill length and a latitudinal trend in depth distribution of prey. For age class distribution, two different life-history tactics of juveniles might exist that are related to the higher cost of feather wear for juveniles compared to adults. Most juveniles complete three long-distance migrations on one set of flight feathers whereas adults complete two. Juveniles may winter either far north, thereby reducing feather wear induced by ultraviolet light, migration, or both, or far south and spend the summer on the nonbreeding area.}, number={4}, journal={AUK}, author={Nebel, S and Lank, DB and PD O'Hara and Fernandez, G and Haase, B and Delgado, F and Estela, FA and Ogden, LJE and Harrington, B and Kus, BE and et al.}, year={2002}, month={Oct}, pages={922–928} }