@article{good_miller_niedermeyer_osborne_siletzky_carver_kathariou_2019, title={Strain-Specific Differences in Survival of Campylobacter spp. in Naturally Contaminated Turkey Feces and Water}, volume={85}, ISSN={["1098-5336"]}, DOI={10.1128/AEM.01579-19}, abstractNote={
            Campylobacter jejuni
            and
            Campylobacter coli
            are leading foodborne pathogens, with poultry as a major reservoir. Due to their growth requirements, these
            Campylobacter
            spp. may be unable to replicate once excreted by their avian hosts, but their survival in feces and the environment is critical for transmission in the farm ecosystem. Reducing the prevalence of
            Campylobacter
            -positive flocks can have major impacts in controlling both contamination of poultry products and environmental dissemination of the pathogens. However, understanding the capacity of these pathogens to survive in transmission-relevant vehicles such as feces and farmhouse water remains poorly understood, and little information is available on species- and strain-associated differences in survival. Here, we employed model conditions to investigate the survival of
            C. jejuni
            and
            C. coli
            from naturally colonized turkey flocks, and with diverse genotypes and antimicrobial resistance profiles, in turkey feces and in farmhouse water.
          }, number={22}, journal={APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY}, author={Good, Lesley and Miller, William G. and Niedermeyer, Jeffrey and Osborne, Jason and Siletzky, Robin M. and Carver, Donna and Kathariou, Sophia}, year={2019}, month={Nov} }
 @article{dutta_altermann_crespo_olson_siletzky_kathariou_2017, title={Identification of a Campylobacter coli methyltransferase targeting adenines at GATC sites}, volume={364}, DOI={10.1093/femsle/fnw268}, abstractNote={Abstract Campylobacter coli can infect humans and colonize multiple other animals, but its host‐associated genes or adaptations are poorly understood. Adenine methylation at GATC sites, resulting in MboI resistance of genomic DNA, was earlier frequently detected among C. coli from swine but not among turkey‐derived isolates. The underlying genetic basis has remained unknown. Comparative genome sequence analyses of C. coli 6461, a swine‐derived strain with MboI‐resistant DNA, revealed two chromosomal ORFs, 0059 and 0060, encoding a putative DNA methyltransferase and a conserved hypothetical protein, respectively, which were lacking from the genome of the turkey‐derived C. coli strain 11601, which had MboI‐susceptible DNA. To determine whether ORF0059 mediated MboI resistance and hence encoded a putative N6‐adenine DNA methyltransferase, the gene was cloned immediately upstream of a chloramphenicol resistance cassette (cat) and a PCR fragment harboring ORF0059‐cat was transformed into C. coli 11601. The transformants had MboI‐resistant DNA, suggesting a direct role of this gene in methylation of adenines at GATC sites. In silico analyses suggested that the ORF0059‐ORF0060 cassette was more frequent among C. coli from swine than certain other sources (e.g. cattle, humans). Potential impacts of ORF0059‐mediated methylation on C. coli host preference and other adaptations remain to be elucidated.}, number={7}, journal={FEMS Microbiology Letters}, author={Dutta, V. and Altermann, E. and Crespo, M. D. and Olson, J. W. and Siletzky, R. M. and Kathariou, S.}, year={2017} }
 @article{lee_ward_graves_tarr_siletzky_kathariou_2014, title={Population Structure of Listeria monocytogenes Serotype 4b Isolates from Sporadic Human Listeriosis Cases in the United States from 2003 to 2008}, volume={80}, ISSN={["1098-5336"]}, DOI={10.1128/aem.00454-14}, abstractNote={ABSTRACT}, number={12}, journal={APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY}, author={Lee, Sangmi and Ward, Todd J. and Graves, Lewis M. and Tarr, Cheryl L. and Siletzky, Robin M. and Kathariou, Sophia}, year={2014}, month={Jun}, pages={3632–3644} }
 @article{lee_rakic-martinez_graves_ward_siletzky_kathariou_2013, title={Genetic Determinants for Cadmium and Arsenic Resistance among Listeria monocytogenes Serotype 4b Isolates from Sporadic Human Listeriosis Patients}, volume={79}, ISSN={["1098-5336"]}, DOI={10.1128/aem.03551-12}, abstractNote={ABSTRACT}, number={7}, journal={APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY}, author={Lee, Sangmi and Rakic-Martinez, M. and Graves, L. M. and Ward, T. J. and Siletzky, R. M. and Kathariou, S.}, year={2013}, month={Apr}, pages={2471–2476} }
 @article{lee_ward_graves_wolf_sperry_siletzky_kathariou_2012, title={Atypical Listeria monocytogenes Serotype 4b Strains Harboring a Lineage II-Specific Gene Cassette}, volume={78}, ISSN={["0099-2240"]}, DOI={10.1128/aem.06378-11}, abstractNote={ABSTRACT}, number={3}, journal={APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY}, author={Lee, Sangmi and Ward, Todd J. and Graves, Lewis M. and Wolf, Leslie A. and Sperry, Kate and Siletzky, Robin M. and Kathariou, Sophia}, year={2012}, month={Feb}, pages={660–667} }
 @article{crespo_olson_altermann_siletzky_kathariou_2012, title={Chromosomal tet(O)-Harboring Regions in Campylobacter coli Isolates from Turkeys and Swine}, volume={78}, ISSN={["0099-2240"]}, DOI={10.1128/aem.02258-12}, abstractNote={ABSTRACT}, number={23}, journal={APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY}, author={Crespo, M. D. and Olson, J. W. and Altermann, E. and Siletzky, R. M. and Kathariou, S.}, year={2012}, month={Dec}, pages={8488–8491} }
 @article{ratani_siletzky_dutta_yildirim_osborne_lin_hitchins_ward_kathariou_2012, title={Heavy Metal and Disinfectant Resistance of Listeria monocytogenes from Foods and Food Processing Plants}, volume={78}, ISSN={["0099-2240"]}, DOI={10.1128/aem.01553-12}, abstractNote={ABSTRACT}, number={19}, journal={APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY}, author={Ratani, Shakir S. and Siletzky, Robin M. and Dutta, Vikrant and Yildirim, Suleyman and Osborne, Jason A. and Lin, Wen and Hitchins, Anthony D. and Ward, Todd J. and Kathariou, Sophia}, year={2012}, month={Oct}, pages={6938–6945} }
 @article{thanissery_kathariou_siletzky_smith_2012, title={Microbiology of prechill carcasses from medium- and fast-growing pastured broiler chicken strains}, volume={21}, ISSN={["1056-6171"]}, DOI={10.3382/japr.2012-00548}, abstractNote={SUMMARY Consumer demand is increasing for free-range and organic poultry products. The USDA requires that postchill broilers be tested for Escherichia coli, Salmonella, and Campylobacter. Microbiological data are limited on the fast-growing Cornish cross (CX) chickens or the medium-growing Freedom Rangers (FR), 2 predominant strains of pastured broilers grown in the Southeast region of the United States. The objective of the present study was to compare the levels of total coliforms and E. coli, as well as the prevalence of Campylobacter and Salmonella, in pastured CX and FR strains. In each of 2 trials, 40 CX and 40 FR broilers were raised together on pasture with water and supplemental feed. At market weight, birds were processed and 20 prechill carcasses of each strain were evaluated for enumeration of total coliforms and E. coli, as well as the prevalence of Salmonella. Cecal contents were direct plated for Campylobacter detection. Mean counts for total coliforms and E. coli (expressed in log cfu/mL) were 3.8 and 3.4 for FR, which was significantly lower (P < 0.05) than the 4.1 and 3.7 for the CX group. The Salmonella prevalence on carcasses was not different in trial 1 because of strain, but the FR strain had significantly lower Salmonella than the CX strain (50 vs. 100%, respectively) in trial 2. Irrespective of strain, the prevalence of Campylobacter was high (95% for FR vs. 100% for CX). In trial 2, although the medium-growing FR showed lower levels of total coliforms and E. coli, as well as a lower prevalence of Salmonella, even when reared with fast-growing CX, it is not known whether this could have been due to an inherent ability of FR to resist colonization or the benefit from longer residence on pasture.}, number={3}, journal={JOURNAL OF APPLIED POULTRY RESEARCH}, author={Thanissery, R. and Kathariou, S. and Siletzky, R. M. and Smith, D. P.}, year={2012}, month={Sep}, pages={623–629} }
 @article{lee_ward_siletzky_kathariou_2012, title={Two Novel Type II Restriction-Modification Systems Occupying Genomically Equivalent Locations on the Chromosomes of Listeria monocytogenes Strains}, volume={78}, ISSN={["0099-2240"]}, DOI={10.1128/aem.07203-11}, abstractNote={ABSTRACT}, number={8}, journal={APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY}, author={Lee, Sangmi and Ward, T. J. and Siletzky, R. M. and Kathariou, S.}, year={2012}, month={Apr}, pages={2623–2630} }
 @article{rahimi_kathariou_grimes_siletzky_2011, title={Effect of direct-fed microbials on performance and Clostridium perfringens colonization of turkey poults}, volume={90}, ISSN={["1525-3171"]}, DOI={10.3382/ps.2011-01342}, abstractNote={Clostridium perfringens is recognized as an enteric pathogen in humans, domestic animals, and livestock. This organism is associated with necrotic enteritis, gangrenous dermatitis, clostridial dermatitis (turkeys), and gizzard erosions in poultry. This study was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of a direct-fed microbial (DFM), Primalac (Star Labs, Clarksdale, MO), in preventing intestinal colonization of turkey poults with C. perfringens. One-day-old turkey poults (n = 128) were randomly divided into 4 treatments with 4 replicates (8 birds/pen). Treatments were as follows: 1) basal diet without DFM (C); 2) basal diet supplemented with Primalac (1.5 kg/ton; PM); 3) basal diet with poults gavaged with C. perfringens (CCP); and 4) basal diet supplemented with Primalac and poults gavaged with C. perfringens (PMCP). Feed and water were provided ad libitum throughout the trials, and birds were inoculated with C. perfringens (10(8)cfu/mL) on d 3 and 7. On d 21, 2 birds/pen were killed, spleen and bursa of Fabricius were collected and weighed, and cecal contents were used for C. perfringens enumeration. Feed consumption, BW, and feed conversion were calculated throughout the trial (weekly and cumulatively). Data were analyzed using GLM of SAS (SAS Institute, Cary, NC; P < 0.05). Among the inoculated groups, birds fed the DFM-supplemented diet had significantly lower cecal C. perfringens counts than the birds fed the diet without the DFM. The C. perfringens (log(10) cfu/g) in ceca were as follows: C, 5.88; CCP, 7.26; PM, 5.35; PMCP, 6.19 ± 0.36. No differences were observed for BW (814 ± 11 g), feed conversion (1.33 ± 0.03), organ weights, or relative organ weights. Further studies are needed to fully ascertain the potential of using DFM to reduce the numbers of C. perfringens in the gastrointestinal tract of turkey poults.}, number={11}, journal={POULTRY SCIENCE}, author={Rahimi, S. and Kathariou, S. and Grimes, J. L. and Siletzky, R. M.}, year={2011}, month={Nov}, pages={2656–2662} }
 @article{yildirim_elhanafi_lin_hitchins_siletzky_kathariou_2010, title={Conservation of Genomic Localization and Sequence Content of Sau3AI-Like Restriction-Modification Gene Cassettes among Listeria monocytogenes Epidemic Clone I and Selected Strains of Serotype 1/2a}, volume={76}, ISSN={["1098-5336"]}, DOI={10.1128/aem.00648-10}, abstractNote={ABSTRACT}, number={16}, journal={APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY}, author={Yildirim, Suleyman and Elhanafi, Driss and Lin, Wen and Hitchins, Anthony D. and Siletzky, Robin M. and Kathariou, S.}, year={2010}, month={Aug}, pages={5577–5584} }
 @article{cheng_kim_lee_siletzky_kathariou_2010, title={DNA Probes for Unambiguous Identification of Listeria monocytogenes Epidemic Clone II Strains}, volume={76}, ISSN={["1098-5336"]}, DOI={10.1128/aem.03064-09}, abstractNote={ABSTRACT}, number={9}, journal={APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY}, author={Cheng, Ying and Kim, J. -W. and Lee, S. and Siletzky, R. M. and Kathariou, S.}, year={2010}, month={May}, pages={3061–3068} }
 @article{wright_wilson_miller_mandrell_siletzky_kathariou_2010, title={Differences in Methylation at GATC Sites in Genomic DNA of Campylobacter coli from Turkeys and Swine}, volume={76}, ISSN={["0099-2240"]}, DOI={10.1128/aem.00934-10}, abstractNote={ABSTRACT}, number={21}, journal={APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY}, author={Wright, Sandra and Wilson, Simone and Miller, William G. and Mandrell, Robert E. and Siletzky, Robin M. and Kathariou, Sophia}, year={2010}, month={Nov}, pages={7314–7317} }
 @article{mullapudi_siletzky_kathariou_2010, title={Diverse Cadmium Resistance Determinants in Listeria monocytogenes Isolates from the Turkey Processing Plant Environment}, volume={76}, ISSN={["1098-5336"]}, DOI={10.1128/AEM.01751-09}, abstractNote={ABSTRACT}, number={2}, journal={APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY}, author={Mullapudi, S. and Siletzky, R. M. and Kathariou, S.}, year={2010}, month={Jan}, pages={627–630} }
 @article{gu_siletzky_wright_islam_kathariou_2009, title={Antimicrobial Susceptibility Profiles and Strain Type Diversity of Campylobacter jejuni Isolates from Turkeys in Eastern North Carolina}, volume={75}, ISSN={["1098-5336"]}, DOI={10.1128/AEM.02012-08}, abstractNote={ABSTRACT}, number={2}, journal={APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY}, author={Gu, Weimin and Siletzky, Robin M. and Wright, Sandra and Islam, Mohammed and Kathariou, Sophia}, year={2009}, month={Jan}, pages={474–482} }
 @article{mullapudi_siletzky_kathariou_2008, title={Heavy-metal and benzalkonium chloride resistance of Listeria monocytogenes isolates from the environment of turkey-processing plants}, volume={74}, ISSN={["1098-5336"]}, DOI={10.1128/AEM.02426-07}, abstractNote={ABSTRACT}, number={5}, journal={APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY}, author={Mullapudi, S. and Siletzky, R. M. and Kathariou, S.}, year={2008}, month={Mar}, pages={1464–1468} }
 @article{kim_siletzky_kathariou_2008, title={Host Ranges of Listeria-Specific Bacteriophages from the Turkey Processing Plant Environment in the United States}, volume={74}, ISSN={["1098-5336"]}, DOI={10.1128/AEM.01282-08}, abstractNote={ABSTRACT}, number={21}, journal={APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY}, author={Kim, Jae-Won and Siletzky, Robin M. and Kathariou, Sophia}, year={2008}, month={Nov}, pages={6623–6630} }
 @article{wright_carver_siletzky_romine_morrow_kathariou_2008, title={Longitudinal study of prevalence of Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli from turkeys and swine grown in close proximity}, volume={71}, ISSN={["1944-9097"]}, DOI={10.4315/0362-028X-71.9.1791}, abstractNote={Eastern North Carolina is a major contributor to both turkey and swine production in the United States. In this region, turkeys and swine are frequently grown in close proximity and by common growers. To further characterize colonization of turkeys and swine with Campylobacter in such a setting, we investigated the prevalence of thermophilic campylobacters in eight paired operations involving turkey farms in close proximity to finishing swine farms. All 15 surveyed flocks and 15 herds were Campylobacter positive at one or more sampling times. Campylobacter was isolated from 1,310 (87%) of the 1,512 turkey samples and 1,116 (77%) of the 1,448 swine samples. Most (> 99%) campylobacters from swine samples were Campylobacter coli, found in 59 to 97% of the samples from the different herds. Both Campylobacterjejuni and C. coli were recovered from the turkey flocks (overall prevalences of 52 and 35%, respectively). Prevalence among flocks ranged from 31 to 86% for C. jejuni and 0 to 67% for C. coli, and both species were recovered from most flocks. Relative prevalence of C. coli was higher in young birds (brooders), whereas C. jejuni predominated in grow-out birds (P < 0.0001). The prevalence of C. coli in a swine herd was generally not a good predictor for prevalence of this species in the corresponding turkey flock. These findings indicate that even though turkeys and swine grown in proximity to each other were commonly colonized with thermophilic campylobacters, the relative prevalences of C. jejuni and C. coli appear to be host associated.}, number={9}, journal={JOURNAL OF FOOD PROTECTION}, author={Wright, S. L. and Carver, D. K. and Siletzky, R. M. and Romine, S. and Morrow, W. E. M. and Kathariou, S.}, year={2008}, month={Sep}, pages={1791–1796} }
 @article{d'lima_miller_mandrell_wright_siletzky_carver_kathariou_2007, title={Clonal population structure and specific genotypes of multidrug-resistant Campylobacter coli from turkeys}, volume={73}, ISSN={["0099-2240"]}, DOI={10.1128/AEM.02346-06}, abstractNote={ABSTRACT}, number={7}, journal={APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY}, author={D'lima, C. B. and Miller, W. G. and Mandrell, R. E. and Wright, S. L. and Siletzky, R. M. and Carver, D. K. and Kathariou, S.}, year={2007}, month={Apr}, pages={2156–2164} }
 @article{vishnivetskaya_siletzky_jefferies_tiedje_kathariou_2007, title={Effect of low temperature and culture media on the growth and freeze-thawing tolerance of Exiguobacterium strains}, volume={54}, ISSN={["0011-2240"]}, DOI={10.1016/j.cryobiol.2007.01.008}, abstractNote={Bacteria of the genus Exiguobacterium have been repeatedly isolated from ancient permafrost sediments of the Kolyma lowland of Northeast Eurasia. Here we report that the Siberian permafrost isolates Exiguobacterium sibiricum 255-15, E. sibiricum 7-3, Exiguobacterium undae 190-11 and E. sp. 5138, as well as Exiguobacterium antarcticum DSM 14480, isolated from a microbial mat sample of Lake Fryxell (McMurdo Dry Valleys, Antarctica), were able to grow at temperatures ranging from −6 to 40 °C. In comparison to cells grown at 24 °C, the cold-grown cells of these strains tended to be longer and wider. We also investigated the effect of growth conditions (broth or surface growth, and temperature) on cryotolerance of the Exiguobacterium strains. Bacteria grown in broth at 4 °C showed markedly greater survival following freeze-thawing treatments (20 repeated cycles) than bacteria grown in broth at 24 °C. Surprisingly, significant protection to repeated freeze-thawing was also observed when bacteria were grown on agar at either 4 or 24 °C.}, number={2}, journal={CRYOBIOLOGY}, author={Vishnivetskaya, Tatiana A. and Siletzky, Robin and Jefferies, Natalie and Tiedje, James M. and Kathariou, Sophia}, year={2007}, month={Apr}, pages={234–240} }
 @article{smith_reimers_barnes_lee_siletzky_kathariou_2004, title={Campylobacter colonization of sibling turkey flocks reared under different management conditions}, volume={67}, ISSN={["1944-9097"]}, DOI={10.4315/0362-028X-67.7.1463}, abstractNote={Uncertainty exists concerning the key factors contributing to Campylobacter colonization of poultry, especially the possible role of vertical transmission from breeder hens to young birds. A longitudinal study of Campylobacter colonization was performed in two sibling pairs of turkey flocks (four flocks total). Each pair of sibling flocks shared breeder hen populations and was obtained from the same hatchery. One flock of each pair was grown on a commercial farm, and the other was grown in an instructional demonstration unit (Teaching Animal Unit [TAU]). Flocks were located within a 60-mi (96.8-km) radius. The time of placement, feed formulations, stocking density, and general husbandry were the same for both flocks, and each flock was processed at a commercial processing plant following standard feed withdrawal and transport protocols. Both flocks grown on the commercial farms became colonized with Campylobacter between weeks 2 and 3 and remained colonized until processing. Between 80 and 90% of isolates were Campylobacter coli, and the remainder were Campylobacter jejuni. In contrast, neither C. coli nor C. jejuni were isolated from either of the TAU flocks at any time during the production cycle. None of the fla types of Campylobacter from the breeders that provided poults to one of the commercial flocks matched those from the progeny. These results failed to provide evidence for vertical transmission and indicate that this type of transmission either did not occur or was not sufficient to render the TAU turkey flocks Campylobacter positive. Management practices such as proper litter maintenance, controlled traffic between the TAU farm and other turkey flocks, and other less well-defined aspects of turkey production were likely responsible for the absence of Campylobacter in the TAU flocks before harvest.}, number={7}, journal={JOURNAL OF FOOD PROTECTION}, author={Smith, K and Reimers, N and Barnes, HJ and Lee, BC and Siletzky, R and Kathariou, S}, year={2004}, month={Jul}, pages={1463–1468} }