@article{álvarez-fernández_breitschwerdt_solano-gallego_2018, title={Bartonella infections in cats and dogs including zoonotic aspects}, volume={11}, ISSN={1756-3305}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13071-018-3152-6}, DOI={10.1186/s13071-018-3152-6}, abstractNote={Bartonellosis is a vector-borne zoonotic disease with worldwide distribution that can infect humans and a large number of mammals including small companion animals (cats and dogs). In recent years, an increasing number of studies from around the world have reported Bartonella infections, although publications have predominantly focused on the North American perspective. Currently, clinico-pathological data from Europe are more limited, suggesting that bartonellosis may be an infrequent or underdiagnosed infectious disease in cats and dogs. Research is needed to confirm or exclude Bartonella infection as a cause of a spectrum of feline and canine diseases. Bartonella spp. can cause acute or chronic infections in cats, dogs and humans. On a comparative medical basis, different clinical manifestations, such as periods of intermittent fever, granulomatous inflammation involving the heart, liver, lymph nodes and other tissues, endocarditis, bacillary angiomatosis, peliosis hepatis, uveitis and vasoproliferative tumors have been reported in cats, dogs and humans. The purpose of this review is to provide an update and European perspective on Bartonella infections in cats and dogs, including clinical, diagnostic, epidemiological, pathological, treatment and zoonotic aspects.}, number={1}, journal={Parasites & Vectors}, publisher={Springer Nature}, author={Álvarez-Fernández, Alejandra and Breitschwerdt, Edward B. and Solano-Gallego, Laia}, year={2018}, month={Dec} }
 @article{solano-gallego_llull_osso_hegarty_breitschwerdt_2006, title={A serological study of exposure to arthropod-borne pathogens in dogs from northeastern Spain}, volume={37}, ISSN={["1297-9716"]}, DOI={10.1051/vetres:2005054}, abstractNote={There is limited information regarding the prevalence of many vector borne pathogens in Europe and especially in Spanish dogs. We investigated 206 sick and 260 clinically healthy dogs from three different regions in northeastern Spain for antibodies to Rickettsia conorii (Rc), Ehrlichia canis (Ec), Anaplasma phagocytophilum (Ap), Bartonella henselae (Bh), Bartonella vinsonii subsp. berkhoffii (Bvb), Leishmania infantum (Li) and Borrelia burgdorferi (Bb) and for antigen of Dirofilaria immitis (Di). Total prevalences were the following: Rc (56.4%), Li (30%), Ec (16.7%), Bh (16.8%), Ap (11.5%), Bvb (1.07%), Di (0.6%) and Bb (0.6%). Seroprevalences for Rc, Ec, Ap, Bh, and Bvb and Bb and Di antigens were similar among the three different study sites. The Ec seroprevalence, as determined by Snap 3DX, was statistically lower in dogs from Mallorca (0%) than Tarragona (16%) and Barcelona (5%) (P < 0.0001). Detection of Rc antibodies was associated with seroreactivity to Ec and Ap antigens (P = 0.018 and P = 0.002, respectively). IFA Ec antibodies were associated with Ap seroreactivity (P < 0.0001). There was no association between the clinical status, sex, time of the year when samples were collected, life-style or exposure to fleas or ticks and a positive test result for Ec, Bh, Bvb, or Bb antibodies or Di antigens. Li seroreactivity was associated with illness and living outdoors (P < 0.0001, P = 0.029; respectively), Rc seroreactivity with the male gender (P = 0.028) and Ap seroreactivity with living outdoors (P = 0.045). This study indicates that exposure to Rc, Li, Ec or related Ehrlichia spp., Bh and Ap or a related spp., is common whereas Di, Bb and Bvb is uncommon among dogs from the Mediterranean basin. We also provide serological data that suggests the existence of a novel Ehrlichia species on Mallorca island.}, number={2}, journal={VETERINARY RESEARCH}, author={Solano-Gallego, L and Llull, J and Osso, M and Hegarty, B and Breitschwerdt, E}, year={2006}, pages={231–244} }
 @article{solano-gallego_kidd_trotta_di marco_caldin_furlanello_breitschwerdt_2006, title={Febrile Illness Associated with Rickettsia conorii Infection in Dogs from Sicily}, volume={12}, ISSN={1080-6040}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.3201/eid1212.060326}, DOI={10.3201/eid1212.060326}, abstractNote={We report serologic and molecular evidence of acute, febrile illness associated with Rickettsia conorii in 3 male Yorkshire terriers from Sicily (Italy).}, number={12}, journal={Emerging Infectious Diseases}, publisher={Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)}, author={Solano-Gallego, Laia and Kidd, Linda and Trotta, Michele and Di Marco, Marco and Caldin, Marco and Furlanello, Tommaso and Breitschwerdt, Edward}, year={2006}, pages={1985–1988} }
 @article{solano-gallego_hegarty_espada_llull_breitschwerdt_2006, title={Serological and molecular evidence of exposure to arthropod-borne organisms in cats from northeastern Spain}, volume={118}, ISSN={["0378-1135"]}, DOI={10.1016/j.vetmic.2006.07.010}, abstractNote={One hundred sixty-eight cat sera from Spain were tested for IgG antibodies to Rickettsia conorii (Rc), Ehrlichia canis (Ec), Anaplasma phagocytophilum (Ap) and Bartonella henselae (Bh) antigens using IFA and for FeLV antigen and FIV antibody by ELISA. For 47 whole blood samples, PCR testing was performed for Rickettsia, Ehrlichia and Bartonella. Seroprevalences were: Bh (71.4%), Rc (44%), Ec (11.3%), FeLV (8.5%), FIV (7.4%) and Ap (1.8%). Bh antibodies were associated with seroreactivity to both Ec and Rc antigens. FIV antibodies were associated with illness and cats older than 2 years. Bartonella henselae and B. clarridgeiae (Bcl) DNA was amplified from seven and one sample, respectively.}, number={3-4}, journal={VETERINARY MICROBIOLOGY}, author={Solano-Gallego, Laia and Hegarty, Barbara and Espada, Yvonne and Llull, Joan and Breitschwerdt, Edward}, year={2006}, month={Dec}, pages={274–277} }
 @article{solano-gallego_bradley_hegarty_sigmon_breitschwerdt_2004, title={Bartonella henselae IgG antibodies are prevalent in dogs from southeastern USA}, volume={35}, ISSN={["0928-4249"]}, DOI={10.1051/vetres:2004034}, abstractNote={In contrast to the large body of literature regarding Bartonella henselae in humans and cats, there is little information about B. henselae as an infectious agent in dogs. Due to the paucity of information regarding the B. henselae serology in dogs, we performed a cross-sectional serosurvey using B. henselae antigen in order to compare the seroprevalence between sick and healthy dogs from the south-eastern USA. Ninety-nine sera were collected from clinically healthy dogs. Three hundred and one sera from sick dogs were submitted to North Carolina State University for serologic screening against a panel of arthropod-transmitted organisms. Serological tests were performed using B. henselae (Bh), Rickettsia rickettsii (Rr), Ehrlichia canis (Ec), Bartonella vinsonii subspecies berkhoffii (Bvb), Babesia canis (Bc) and Borrelia burgdorferi (Bb) antigens. Serum B. henselae IgG antibodies were detected in 10.1% of healthy dogs and in 27.2% of sick dogs. The difference in seroprevalence between the two groups was statistically significant. The majority of seroreactive dogs (80%) had low titers of 1:64 or 1:128. In healthy dogs, seroprevalence for Rr was 14.1% and for Bvb was 1%. In sick dogs, Rr seroprevalence was 29.7%, Ec 6.5%, Bvb 4.7%, Bb 1.7% and Bc was 0.85%. Of the sick dogs that were seroreactive to B. henselae antigens, 40.6% were also seroreactive to Rr, 15.0% reactive to Bvb antigens, 14.8% reactive to Ec antigens, 1.8% reactive to Bc antigens and 1.75% reactive to Bb antigens. Sera from dogs experimentally infected with B. vinsonii subsp. berkhoffii, E. canis or R. rickettsii did not cross react with B. henselae antigens, by IFA testing. This study indicates that B. henselae IgG antibodies are prevalent in healthy and sick dogs living in the south-eastern USA. Nevertheless, further studies are needed to evaluate the epidemiological, clinical and zoonotic relevance of B. henselae infection in dogs.}, number={5}, journal={VETERINARY RESEARCH}, author={Solano-Gallego, L and Bradley, J and Hegarty, B and Sigmon, B and Breitschwerdt, E}, year={2004}, pages={585–595} }