@misc{lindsey_loewe_2008, title={Synthesis of porphyrins designed for attachment to electroactive surfaces via one or more carbon tethers}, volume={7,378,520}, publisher={Washington, DC: U.S. Patent and Trademark Office}, author={Lindsey, J. S. and Loewe, R. S.}, year={2008} }
 @article{zou_wei_chen_liu_thamyongkit_loewe_lindsey_mohideen_bocian_2005, title={Solution STM images of porphyrins on HOPG reveal that subtle differences in molecular structure dramatically alter packing geometry}, volume={9}, ISSN={["1099-1409"]}, DOI={10.1142/S1088424605000484}, abstractNote={ Solution STM images are reported for free-base octaethylporphyrin ( H 2 OEP ) and the Cu ( II ) and Zn ( II ) chelates ( CuOEP and ZnOEP ) on HOPG in 1,2-dichlorobenzene solution under ambient conditions. H 2 OEP and CuOEP each form a quasi-square lattice, whereas ZnOEP forms a quasi-hexagonal lattice on the surface. The binary mixture of any two of the porphyrins forms a well-ordered two-layer structure on the HOPG surface, with one species occupying the bridge sites of the array of the other species. All of the mixed adlayers exhibit a quasi-hexagonal lattice with a higher packing density than the single-component adlayers. Collectively, these observations indicate that the structure of the adlayers is controlled by a complex interplay of substrate-molecule and molecule-molecule interactions. }, number={6}, journal={JOURNAL OF PORPHYRINS AND PHTHALOCYANINES}, author={Zou, ZQ and Wei, LY and Chen, F and Liu, ZM and Thamyongkit, P and Loewe, RS and Lindsey, JS and Mohideen, U and Bocian, DF}, year={2005}, pages={387–392} }
 @article{liu_schmidt_thamyongkit_loewe_syomin_diers_zhao_misra_lindsey_bocian_2005, title={Synthesis and Film-Forming Properties of Ethynylporphyrins}, volume={17}, ISSN={0897-4756 1520-5002}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/cm047858y}, DOI={10.1021/cm047858y}, abstractNote={Thermal treatment of ethynyl porphyrin monomers on a surface has been found to yield robust porphyrin films. The scope of this in situ polymerization has been surveyed by the synthesis and characterization of a collection of 20 zinc porphyrins bearing diverse patterns of 1−4 ethyne (or protected ethyne) groups and a variety of nonlinking substituents. Films have been prepared on Si(100), SiO2, Au(111), and glass. The films prepared on Si(100) have been examined by electrochemical methods, which indicate that surface coverages 50-fold greater than those of saturation-coverage monolayers are achievable, although the coverage varies appreciably (10-fold) among the survey group of molecules under a controlled set of film-forming conditions. Variation in these conditions affords control over the number of layers in the film (from a few to tens or more). The electrochemical characteristics of the multilayer films further indicate that the redox thermodynamics are of comparable homogeneity to those of monolayers...}, number={14}, journal={Chemistry of Materials}, publisher={American Chemical Society (ACS)}, author={Liu, Zhiming and Schmidt, Izabela and Thamyongkit, Patchanita and Loewe, Robert S. and Syomin, Dennis and Diers, James R. and Zhao, Qian and Misra, Veena and Lindsey, Jonathan S. and Bocian, David F.}, year={2005}, month={Jul}, pages={3728–3742} }