@article{chen_carbonell_serad_2000, title={Recovery of proteins and other biological compounds from food processing wastewaters using fibrous materials and polyelectrolytes}, volume={34}, ISSN={["0043-1354"]}, DOI={10.1016/S0043-1354(99)00152-9}, abstractNote={A combined system of cellulose-based fibrous materials and polyelectrolytes has been studied for the recovery of proteins and other biological compounds from wastewaters from a typical food processing plant. Carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) interacts with biomolecules by electrostatic and polymer bridging, while cellulose triacetate fibrets (CTF) facilitate floc growth by adsorption and bridging of primary particles and by entrapment of small aggregates within their highly fibrillated microstructure. Final slurries have good filtration properties, resulting in a dry and easy to handle filter cake, which could be recovered as animal feed. The final filtrate has high water clarity and low protein concentration. This recovery system exhibits high reductions in total suspended solids (TSS), total Kjeldahl nitrogen (TKN), ammonia, oils and greases, biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) and total fecal coliforms. The final levels of TSS, oils and greases and ammonia are below regulatory limits. Reduction of BOD reached 90%, although final concentrations are slightly higher than the regulatory levels.}, number={2}, journal={WATER RESEARCH}, author={Chen, LA and Carbonell, RG and Serad, GA}, year={2000}, month={Feb}, pages={510–518} }
 @article{chen_carbonell_serad_1999, title={Recovery of proteins and other biological compounds using fibrous materials: I. Adsorption by salt addition}, volume={74}, DOI={10.1002/(sici)1097-4660(199908)74:8<733::aid-jctb111>3.0.co;2-4}, abstractNote={An adsorption and filtration process for the recovery of proteins and other biological compounds from aqueous streams has been developed, using cellulose-based fibrous materials. Of the many cellulose derivatives studied, cellulose acetate fibrets (CAF) and cellulose triacetate fibrets (CTF) have been shown to be the most effective. In the presence of salts, they lead to protein adsorption by hydrophobic interactions. Model proteins, such as bovine serum albumin (BSA), have been recovered by incubating these solutions with CTF in the presence of ammonium sulfate, followed by filtration through a 20 µm pore size filter. The amount of salt necessary varies with the protein type, but decreases with increasing temperature and protein concentration. High protein recovery has been obtained from an actual wastewater system at low salt dosages. 
 
 
 
© 1999 Society of Chemical Industry}, number={8}, journal={Journal of Chemical Technology and Biotechnology}, author={Chen, L. A. and Carbonell, R. G. and Serad, G. A.}, year={1999}, pages={733–739} }
 @article{chen_carbonell_serad_1999, title={Recovery of proteins and other biological compounds using fibrous materials: II. Flocculation by polyelectrolyte addition}, volume={74}, ISSN={["1097-4660"]}, DOI={10.1002/(SICI)1097-4660(199908)74:8<740::AID-JCTB112>3.0.CO;2-1}, abstractNote={Polyelectrolytes have been used in wastewater treatment processes to destabilize colloidal suspensions of proteins, cells and other biological compounds, resulting in flocculation. When a solution containing a single model protein, bovine serum albumin (BSA), is treated with a polyelectrolyte, carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), large and strong flocs are formed, which are easily retained by a 20 µm pore size filter. However, when a mixture of proteins, cells, and fats from an actual wastewater sample is treated in the same manner, smaller and weaker flocs are observed. An adsorption and filtration process for the recovery of valuable biological compounds using cellulose-based fibrous materials has been developed. When used simultaneously with CMC, cellulose acetate and triacetate fibrets (CAF and CTF) resulted in high recovery of biomolecules from solution at very low dosages of both polyelectrolyte and fibrets. CMC interacts with biomolecules by electrostatic interactions and polymer bridging, while CTF/CAF facilitate floc growth by adsorption and bridging of primary particles and by entrapment of small aggregates within their highly fibrillated microstructure. 
 
 
 
© 1999 Society of Chemical Industry}, number={8}, journal={JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL TECHNOLOGY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY}, author={Chen, LA and Carbonell, RG and Serad, GA}, year={1999}, month={Aug}, pages={740–750} }