@article{lascelles_hansen_thomson_pierce_boland_smith_2008, title={Evaluation of a digitally integrated accelerometer-based activity monitor for the measurement of activity in cats(1)}, volume={35}, ISSN={["1467-2987"]}, url={https://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-2995.2007.00367.x}, DOI={10.1111/j.1467-2995.2007.00367.x}, abstractNote={OBJECTIVE
To assess the correlation between data generated by an accelerometer-based activity monitor and the distance moved in cats.


STUDY DESIGN
Prospective experimental study.


ANIMALS
Three, four-year-old, male, purpose-bred research cats, weighing between 5.1 and 5.9 kg.


METHODS
Part I: Collar and harness mounted accelerometers were evaluated in three cats, comparing simultaneously collected accelerometer data with movement data from computer-analyzed video. Part II: Cats wore collar and harness mounted accelerometers, and data were recorded for 4 weeks to evaluate day-to-day and week-to-week variation in activity.


RESULTS
Part I: 432 hours of simultaneous video and accelerometer data were collected. The correlation between accelerometer counts and distance moved was 0.82 overall. Agreement between collar and harness mounted accelerometers was excellent with only 6% of the differences in measurements lying outside the mean difference +/- 2 standard deviations. The adjusted R(2) for harness accelerometer output and 6% mobility was 0.75; for movement 0.84; and for mean velocity 0.83. Evaluation of video indicated eating, grooming and scratching created high accelerometer counts with little effect on movement. Part II: There was a significant effect of day on harness (p < 0.001) and collar (p < 0.002) counts, with counts being lowest at the weekend. There was a significant effect of week on harness-mounted accelerometer counts (p < 0.034), but not on collar-mounted accelerometer counts. Harness accelerometer counts were lowest in week 1.


CONCLUSION
Output from an acceleration-based digitally integrated accelerometer correlated well with distance moved and mobility in freely moving cats provided the mobility threshold in the analysis software was > or = 6%.


CLINICAL RELEVANCE
Acceleration-based activity monitors may allow for objective measurement of improved mobility following analgesic treatment for conditions such as osteoarthritis.}, number={2}, journal={VETERINARY ANAESTHESIA AND ANALGESIA}, author={Lascelles, B. Duncan X. and Hansen, Bernard D. and Thomson, Andrea and Pierce, Courtney C. and Boland, Elizabeth and Smith, Eric S.}, year={2008}, month={Mar}, pages={173–183} }
 @article{lascelles_hansen_roe_depuy_thomson_pierce_smith_rowinski_2007, title={Evaluation of client-specific outcome measures and activity monitoring to measure pain relief in cats with osteoarthritis}, volume={21}, ISSN={["1939-1676"]}, DOI={10.1892/0891-6640(2007)21[410:EOCOMA]2.0.CO;2}, abstractNote={BACKGROUND
There are no validated systems for measuring pain from osteoarthritis in cats.


HYPOTHESIS
Owner subjective assessments and an activity monitor (AM) can be used to detect pain in cats with osteoarthritis and to assess efficacy of treatments.


ANIMALS
Thirteen cats older than 10 years old, with owner-assessed decreases in activity, painful arthritic joints, and clinically normal blood work were included and evaluated for 3 weeks.


METHODS
A collar-mounted AM measured activity and a client-specific outcome measure (CSOM) questionnaire characterized the severity of impairment. Overall global quality of life was also evaluated for each treatment. In weeks 2 and 3, meloxicam (0.1 mg/kg, day 1; 0.05 mg/kg, days 2-5) or a placebo was administered in a blinded, randomized, cross-over manner to test the assessment systems.


RESULTS
The cats had a median of 4 arthritic appendicular joints. Activity counts for the week when cats (complete data on activity; n=9) were administered meloxicam were significantly higher than at baseline (P = .02) but not after placebo (P = .06). Baseline activity counts were not significantly different from placebo (P = .6). The CSOM data (n=13) showed that owners considered their cats to be more active on meloxicam compared with baseline (P = .001) and placebo (P < .004), and more active on placebo than at baseline (P < .01). Global quality of life improved significantly with meloxicam (P < .042).


CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL IMPORTANCE
Both an AM and a CSOM system can detect behavior associated with pain relief in cats that are arthritic. Objective activity data might allow subjective assessment systems to be validated for use in clinical studies.}, number={3}, journal={JOURNAL OF VETERINARY INTERNAL MEDICINE}, author={Lascelles, B. Duncan X. and Hansen, Bernie D. and Roe, Simon and Depuy, Venita and Thomson, Andrea and Pierce, Courtney C. and Smith, Eric S. and Rowinski, Elizabeth}, year={2007}, pages={410–416} }