Alan York

Cahoon, C. W., Jordan, D. L., Tranel, P. J., York, A. C., Riggins, C., Seagroves, R., … Leon, R. (2022, October 24). In-field assessment of EPSPS amplification on fitness cost in mixed glyphosate-resistant and glyphosate-sensitive populations of Palmer amaranth (Amaranthus palmeri). WEED SCIENCE, Vol. 10. https://doi.org/10.1017/wsc.2022.60

Askew, M. C., Cahoon, C. W., Jr., York, A. C., Flessner, M. L., Langston, D. B., Jr., & Ferebee, J. H. (2021). Comparison of 2,4-D, dicamba and halauxifen-methyl alone or in combination with glyphosate for preplant weed control. WEED TECHNOLOGY, 35(1), 93–98. https://doi.org/10.1017/wet.2020.83

Askew, M. C., Cahoon, C. W., Jr., York, A. C., Flessner, M. L., Langston, D. B., Jr., & Ferebee, J. H. (2019). Cotton tolerance to halauxifen-methyl applied preplant. WEED TECHNOLOGY, 33(4), 620–626. https://doi.org/10.1017/wet.2019.41

Vann, R. A., Reberg-Horton, S. C., Edmisten, K. L., & York, A. C. (2018). Implications of cereal rye/crimson clover management for conventional and organic cotton producers. Agronomy Journal, 110(2), 621–631. https://doi.org/10.2134/agronj2017.06.0246

Jordan, D. L., & York, A. C. (2018). Weed Species Richness and Density following Repeated Use of Glyphosate in Four Fields in North Carolina. CROP FORAGE & TURFGRASS MANAGEMENT, 4(1). https://doi.org/10.2134/cftm2017.12.0089

Chaudhari, S., Jordan, D. L., York, A. C., Jennings, K. M., Cahoon, C. W., Chandi, A., & Inman, M. D. (2017). Biology and management of Glyphosate-resistant and Glyphosate-susceptible Palmer Amaranth (&ITAmaranthus&IT &ITpalmeri&IT) phenotypes from a segregating population. Weed Science, 65(6), 755–768.

Braxton, L. B., Richburg, J. S., York, A. C., Culpepper, A. S., Haygood, R. A., Lovelace, M. L., … Walton, L. C. (2017). Resistance of Enlist (TM) (AAD-12) Cotton to Glufosinate. WEED TECHNOLOGY, 31(3), 380–386. https://doi.org/10.1017/wet.2017.14

Braswell, L. R., Cahoon, C. W., Seagroves, R. W., Jordan, D. L., & York, A. C. (2016). Integrating fluridone into a glufosinate-based program for Palmer amaranth control in cotton. Journal of Cotton Science, 20(4), 394–402.

Inman, M. D., Jordan, D. L., York, A. C., Jennings, K., Monks, D. W., Everman, W. J., … al. (2016). Long-Term Management of Palmer Amaranth (Amaranthus palmeri) in Dicamba-Tolerant Cotton. WEED SCIENCE, 64(1), 161–169. https://doi.org/10.1614/ws-d-15-00058.1

Soltani, N., Dille, J. A., Burke, I. C., Everman, W. J., VanGessel, M. J., Davis, V. M., & Sikkema, P. H. (2016). Potential Corn Yield Losses from Weeds in North America. WEED TECHNOLOGY, 30(4), 979–984. https://doi.org/10.1614/wt-d-16-00046.1

Cahoon, C. W., York, A. C., Jordan, D. L., & Seagroves, R. W. (2015). Cotton response and Palmer amaranth control with mixtures of glufosinate and residual herbicides. Journal of Cotton Science, 19(3), 622–630.

Cahoon, C. W., York, A. C., Jordan, D. L., Seagroves, R. W., Everman, W. J., & Jennings, K. M. (2015). Cotton response and Palmer amaranth control with pyroxasulfone applied preemergence and postemergence. Journal of Cotton Science, 19(1), 212–223.

Braswell, L. R., York, A. C., Jordan, D. L., & Seagroves, R. W. (2015). Effect of diuron and fluometuron on grain sorghum and soybean as replacement crops following a cotton stand failure. Journal of Cotton Science, 19(3), 613–621.

Barnett, K. A., Culpepper, A. S., York, A. C., & Steckel, L. E. (2015). Evaluation of widestrike cotton response to repeated applications of glufosinate at various application timings. Weed Technology, 29(1), 154–160.

Cahoon, C. W., York, A. C., Jordan, D. L., Seagroves, R. W., Everman, W. J., & Jennings, K. M. (2015). Fluridone carryover to rotational crops following application to cotton. Journal of Cotton Science, 19(3), 631–640.

Cahoon, C. W., York, A. C., Jordan, D. L., Everman, W. J., Seagroves, R. W., Culpepper, A. S., & Eure, P. M. (2015). Palmer Amaranth (Amaranthus palmeri) Management in Dicamba-Resistant Cotton. WEED TECHNOLOGY, 29(4), 758–770. https://doi.org/10.1614/wt-d-15-00041.1

Cahoon, C. W., York, A. C., Jordan, D. L., Seagroves, R. W., Everman, W. J., & Jennings, K. M. (2015). [Review of Sequential and co-application of glyphosate and glufosinate in cotton]. Journal of Cotton Science, 19(2), 337–350.

Cahoon, C. W., York, A. C., Jordan, D. L., Everman, W. J., Seagroves, R. W., Braswell, L. R., & Jennings, K. M. (2015). Weed Control in Cotton by Combinations of Microencapsulated Acetochlor and Various Residual Herbicides Applied Preemergence. WEED TECHNOLOGY, 29(4), 740–750. https://doi.org/10.1614/wt-d-15-00061.1

Cahoon, C. W., York, A. C., Jordan, D. L., Everman, W. J., & Seagroves, R. W. (2014). An Alternative to Multiple Protoporphyrinogen Oxidase Inhibitor Applications in No-Till Cotton. WEED TECHNOLOGY, 28(1), 58–71. https://doi.org/10.1614/wt-d-13-00078.1

Chandi, A., Jordan, D. L., York, A. C., Milla-Lewis, S. R., Burton, J. D., Culpepper, A. S., & Whitaker, J. R. (2013). Interference and control of glyphosate-resistant and –susceptible Palmer amaranth (Amaranthus palmeri) populations under greenhouse conditions. Weed Science, 61(2), 259–266. https://doi.org/10.1614/ws-d-12-00063.1

Barnett, K. A., Culpepper, A. S., York, A. C., & Steckel, L. E. (2013). Palmer Amaranth (Amaranthus palmeri) Control by Glufosinate plus Fluometuron Applied Postemergence to WideStrike (R) Cotton. WEED TECHNOLOGY, 27(2), 291–297. https://doi.org/10.1614/wt-d-12-00158.1

Chandi, A., Milla-Lewis, S. R., Jordan, D. L., York, A. C., Burton, J. D., Zuleta, M. C., … Culpepper, A. S. (2013). Use of AFLP Markers to Assess Genetic Diversity in Palmer Amaranth (Amaranthus palmeri) Populations from North Carolina and Georgia. WEED SCIENCE, 61(1), 136–145. https://doi.org/10.1614/ws-d-12-00053.1

Chandi, A., York, A. C., Jordan, D. L., & Beam, J. B. (2011). Resistance to Acetolactate Synthase and Acetyl Co-A Carboxylase Inhibitors in North Carolina Italian Ryegrass (Lolium perenne). WEED TECHNOLOGY, 25(4), 659–666. https://doi.org/10.1614/wt-d-11-00050.1

Whitaker, J. R., York, A. C., Jordan, D. L., & Culpepper, S. (2010). Palmer Amaranth (Amaranthus palmeri) Control in Soybean with Glyphosate and Conventional Herbicide Systems. WEED TECHNOLOGY, 24(4), 403–410. https://doi.org/10.1614/wt-d-09-00043.1

Everman, W. J., Mayhew, C. R., Burton, J. D., York, A. C., & Wilcut, J. W. (2009). Absorption, Translocation, and Metabolism of C-14-Glufosinate in Glufosinate-Resistant Corn, Goosegrass (Eleusine indica), Large Crabgrass (Digitaria sanguinalis), and Sicklepod (Senna obtusifolia). WEED SCIENCE, 57(1), 1–5. https://doi.org/10.1614/WS-08-089.1

Everman, W. J., Thomas, W. E., Burton, J. D., York, A. C., & Wilcut, J. W. (2009). Absorption, Translocation, and Metabolism of Glufosinate in Transgenic and Nontransgenic Cotton, Palmer Amaranth (Amaranthus palmeri), and Pitted Morningglory (Ipomoea lacunosa). WEED SCIENCE, 57(4), 357–361. https://doi.org/10.1614/WS-09-015.1

Sosnoskie, L. M., Culpepper, A. S., York, A. C., Beam, J. B., & MacRae, A. W. (2009). Sequential Applications for Mesosulfuron and Nitrogen Needed in Wheat. WEED TECHNOLOGY, 23(3), 404–407. https://doi.org/10.1614/WT-09-019.1

Culpepper, A. S., York, A. C., Roberts, P., & Whitaker, J. R. (2009). Weed Control and Crop Response to Glufosinate Applied to 'PHY 485 WRF' Cotton. WEED TECHNOLOGY, 23(3), 356–362. https://doi.org/10.1614/WT-08-168.1

Everman, W. J., Clewis, S. B., York, A. C., & Wilcut, J. W. (2009). Weed Control and Yield with Flumioxazin, Fomesafen, and S-Metolachlor Systems for Glufosinate-Resistant Cotton Residual Weed Management. WEED TECHNOLOGY, 23(3), 391–397. https://doi.org/10.1614/WT-09-007.1

Estrada, J. L., Collins, B., York, A., Bischoff, S., Sommer, J., Tsai, S., … Piedrahita, J. A. (2008, June). Successful cloning of the Yucatan minipig using commercial/occidental breeds as oocyte donors and embryo recipients. CLONING AND STEM CELLS, Vol. 10, pp. 287–296. https://doi.org/10.1089/clo.2008.0005

Wilson, D. G., Jr., York, A. C., & Jordan, D. L. (2007). Effect of row spacing on weed management in glufosinate-resistant cotton. WEED TECHNOLOGY, 21(2), 489–495. https://doi.org/10.1614/WT-06-089.1

Burke, I. C., Holland, J. B., Burton, J. D., York, A. C., & Wilcut, J. W. (2007). Johnsongrass (Sorghum halepense) pollen expresses ACCase target-site resistance. WEED TECHNOLOGY, 21(2), 384–388. https://doi.org/10.1614/WT-06-061.1

Wilson, D. G., Jr., Burton, M. G., Spears, J. E., & York, A. C. (2006). Doveweed (Murdannia nudiflora) germination and emergence as affected by temperature and seed burial depth. WEED SCIENCE, 54(6), 1000–1003. https://doi.org/10.1614/WS-06-091.1

Gardner, A. P., York, A. C., Jordan, D. L., & Monks, D. W. (2006). Glufosinate antagonizes postemergence graminicides applied to annual grasses and johnsongrass. Journal of Cotton Science (Online), 10(4), 319.

Culpepper, A. S., Grey, T. L., Vencill, W. K., Kichler, J. M., Webster, T. M., Brown, S. M., … Hanna, W. W. (2006). Glyphosate-resistant Palmer amaranth (Amaranthus palmeri) confirmed in Georgia. WEED SCIENCE, 54(4), 620–626. https://doi.org/10.1614/WS-06-001R.1

Gardner, A. P., York, A. C., Jordan, D. L., & Monks, D. W. (2006). Management of annual grasses and Amaranthus spp. in glufosinate-resistant cotton. Journal of Cotton Science (Online), 10(4), 328.

Burke, I. C., Burton, J. D., York, A. C., Cranmer, J., & Wilcut, J. W. (2006). Mechanism of resistance to clethodim in a johnsongrass (Sorghum halepense) biotype. WEED SCIENCE, 54(3), 401–406. https://doi.org/10.1614/WS-05-153R.1

Parker, R. G., York, A. C., & Jordan, D. L. (2006). Weed control in glyphosate-resistant corn as affected by preemergence herbicide and timing of postemergence herbicide application. WEED TECHNOLOGY, 20(3), 564–570. https://doi.org/10.1614/WT-04-288R.1

Parker, R. G., York, A. C., & Jordan, D. L. (2005). Comparison of glyphosate products in glyphosate-resistant cotton (Gossypium hirsutum) and corn (Zea mays). WEED TECHNOLOGY, 19(4), 796–802. https://doi.org/10.1614/WT-040271R2.1

York, A. C., Beam, J. B., & Culpepper, A. S. (2005). Control of volunteer glyphosate-resistant soybean in cotton. Journal of Cotton Science (Online), 9(2), 102.

Lancaster, S. H., Jordan, D. L., York, A. C., Burke, I. C., Corbin, F. T., Sheldon, Y. S., … Monks, D. W. (2005). Influence of selected fungicides on efficacy of clethodim and sethoxydim. WEED TECHNOLOGY, 19(2), 397–403. https://doi.org/10.1614/WT-04-172R

Lancaster, S. H., Jordan, D. L., York, A. C., Wilcut, J. W., Monks, D. W., & Brandenburg, R. L. (2005). Interactions of clethodim and sethoxydim with selected agrichemicals applied to peanut. WEED TECHNOLOGY, 19(2), 456–461. https://doi.org/10.1614/WT-04-232R

Lancaster, S. H., Jordan, D. L., York, A. C., Wilcut, J. W., Brandenburg, R. L., & Monks, D. W. (2005). Interactions of late-season morningglory (Ipomoea spp.) management practices in peanut (Arachis hypogaea). WEED TECHNOLOGY, 19(4), 803–808. https://doi.org/10.1614/WT-04-229R.1

Lancaster, S. H., Jordan, D. L., Spears, J. E., York, A. C., Wilcut, J. W., Monks, D. W., … Brandenburg, R. L. (2005). Sicklepod (Senna obtusifolia) control and seed production after 2,4-DB applied alone and with fungicides or insecticides. WEED TECHNOLOGY, 19(2), 451–455. https://doi.org/10.1614/WT-04-227R

Webster, T. M., Burton, M. G., Culpepper, A. S., York, A. C., & Prostko, E. P. (2005). Tropical spiderwort (Commelina benghalensis): A tropical invader threatens agroecosystems of the southern United States. WEED TECHNOLOGY, 19(3), 501–508. https://doi.org/10.1614/WT-04-234R.1

Crooks, H. L., Burton, M. G., York, A. C., & Brownie, C. (2005). Vegetative growth and competitiveness of common cocklebur resistant and susceptible to acetolactate synthase-inhibiting herbicides. Journal of Cotton Science (Online), 9(4), 229.

York, A. C., Stewart, A. M., Vidrine, P. R., & Culpepper, A. S. (2004). Control of volunteer glyphosate-resistant cotton in glyphosate-resistant soybean. WEED TECHNOLOGY, 18(3), 532–539. https://doi.org/10.1614/WT-03-073R1

Clemmer, K. C., York, A. C., & Brownie, C. (2004). Italian ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum) control in imidazolinone-resistant wheat. WEED TECHNOLOGY, 18(3), 481–489. https://doi.org/10.1614/WT-03-017R

York, A. C., Culpepper, A. S., Bowman, D. T., & May, O. L. (2004). Performance of glyphosate-tolerant cotton cultivars in official cultivar trials. Journal of Cotton Science (Online), 8(4), 261.

York, A. C., Culpepper, A. S., & Stewart, A. M. (2004). Response of strip-tilled cotton to preplant applications of dicamba and 2,4-D. Journal of Cotton Science (Online), 8(3), 213.

Crooks, H. L., York, A. C., & Jordan, D. L. (2004). Tolerance of six soft red winter wheat cultivars to AE F130060 00 plus AE F115008 00. WEED TECHNOLOGY, 18(2), 252–257. https://doi.org/10.1614/WT-03-031R

May, O. L., Culpepper, A. S., Cerny, R. E., Coots, C. B., Corkern, C. B., Cothren, J. T., … Patterson, M. G. (2004). Transgenic cotton with improved resistance to glyphosate herbicide. Crop Science, 44(1), 234–240. https://doi.org/10.2135/cropsci2004.0234

Culpepper, A. S., Flanders, J. T., York, A. C., & Webster, T. M. (2004). Tropical spiderwort (Commelina benghalensis) control in glyphosate-resistant cotton. WEED TECHNOLOGY, 18(2), 432–436. https://doi.org/10.1614/WT-03-175R

Crooks, H. L., York, A. C., & Jordan, D. L. (2004). Wheat (Triticuin aestivum) tolerance and Italian ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum) control with AE f130060 00 plus AE f115008 00 applied in nitrogen. WEED TECHNOLOGY, 18(1), 93–99. https://doi.org/10.1614/WT-03-029R

Crooks, H. L., York, A. C., & Jordan, D. L. (2004). Wheat tolerance to AE f130060 00 plus AE f115008 00 as affected by time of application and rate of the safener AE F107892. WEED TECHNOLOGY, 18(3), 841–845. https://doi.org/10.1614/WT-03-122R1

Crooks, H. L., York, A. C., Culpepper, A. S., & Brownie, C. (2003). CGA-362622 antagonizes annual grass control by graminicides in cotton (Gossypium hirsutum). WEED TECHNOLOGY, 17(2), 373–380. https://doi.org/10.1614/0890-037X(2003)017[0373:CAAGCB]2.0.CO;2

Crooks, H. L., York, A. C., & Jordan, D. L. (2003). Wheat (Triticum aestivum) tolerance and Italian Ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum) control by AE F130060 00 plus AE F115008 00 mixed with other herbicides. Weed Technology, 17(4), 881–889. https://doi.org/10.1614/wt-03-030r

Krings, A., Burton, M. G., & York, A. C. (2002). Commelina benghalensis (Commelinaceae) new to North Carolina and an updated key to Carolina congeners. SIDA, Contributions To Botany, 20(1), 419–422.

Beam, J. B., Jordan, D. L., York, A. C., Isleib, T. G., Bailey, J. E., McKemie, T. E., … Johnson, P. D. (2002). Influence of prohexadione calcium on pod yield and pod loss of peanut. Agronomy Journal, 94(2), 331–336. https://doi.org/10.2134/agronj2002.9550

Culpepper, A. S., York, A. C., Marth, J. L., & Corbin, F. T. (2001). Effect of insecticides on clomazone absorption, translocation, and metabolism in cotton. WEED SCIENCE, 49(5), 613–616. https://doi.org/10.1614/0043-1745(2001)049[0613:EOIOCA]2.0.CO;2

Culpepper, A. S., Gimenez, A. E., York, A. C., Batts, R. B., & Wilcut, J. W. (2001). Morningglory (Ipomoea spp.) and large crabgrass (Digitaria sanguinalis) control with glyphosate and 2,4-DB mixtures in glyphosate-resistant soybean (Glycine max). WEED TECHNOLOGY, 15(1), 56–61. https://doi.org/10.1614/0890-037X(2001)015[0056:MISALC]2.0.CO;2

Culpepper, A. S., York, A. C., Batts, R. B., & Jennings, K. M. (2000). Weed management in glufosinate- and glyphosate-resistant soybean (Glycine max). WEED TECHNOLOGY, 14(1), 77–88. https://doi.org/10.1614/0890-037X(2000)014[0077:WMIGAG]2.0.CO;2

Culpepper, A. S., & York, A. C. (2000). Weed management in ultra narrow row cotton (Gossypium hirsutum). WEED TECHNOLOGY, 14(1), 19–29. https://doi.org/10.1614/0890-037X(2000)014[0019:WMIUNR]2.0.CO;2

Culpepper, A. S., York, A. C., Jordan, D. L., Corbin, F. T., & Sheldon, Y. S. (1999). Basis for antagonism in mixtures of bromoxynil plus quizalofop-P applied to yellow foxtail (Setaria glauca). WEED TECHNOLOGY, 13(3), 515–519. https://doi.org/10.1017/s0890037x00046121

Jennings, K. M., Culpepper, A. S., & York, A. C. (1999). Cotton response to temperature and pyrithiobac. Journal of Cotton Science, 3(3), 132–138.

York, A. C., & Culpepper, A. S. (1999). Economics of weed management systems in BXN, roundup ready, and conventional cotton. Beltwide Cotton Conferences. Proceedings, 1(1999), 744–745.

Culpepper, A. S., Jordan, D. L., York, A. C., Corbin, F. T., & Sheldon, Y. (1999). Influence of adjuvants and bromoxynil on absorption of clethodim. WEED TECHNOLOGY, 13(3), 536–541. https://doi.org/10.1017/s0890037x00046169

Culpepper, A. S., York, A. C., & Brownie, C. (1999). Influence of bromoxynil on annual grass control by graminicides. Weed Science, 47(1), 123–128.

Culpepper, A. S., & York, A. C. (1999). Weed management and net returns with transgenic, herbicide-resistant, and nontransgenic cotton (Gossypium hirsutum). WEED TECHNOLOGY, 13(2), 411–420. https://doi.org/10.1017/s0890037x00041956

Culpepper, A. S., & York, A. C. (1999). Weed management in glufosinate-resistant corn (Zea mays). WEED TECHNOLOGY, 13(2), 324–333. https://doi.org/10.1017/s0890037x00041816

Culpepper, A. S., & York, A. C. (1999). Weed management in ultra narrow row cotton in North Carolina. Beltwide Cotton Conferences. Proceedings, 1(1999), 740–741.

Gimenez, A. E., York, A. C., Wilcut, J. W., & Batts, R. B. (1998). Annual grass control by glyphosate plus bentazon, chlorimuron, fomesafen, or imazethapyr mixtures. WEED TECHNOLOGY, 12(1), 134–136. https://doi.org/10.1017/s0890037x0004269x

Culpepper, A. S., York, A. C., Jennings, K. M., & Batts, R. B. (1998). Interaction of bromoxynil and postemergence graminicides on large crabgrass (Digitaria sanguinalis). WEED TECHNOLOGY, 12(3), 554–559. https://doi.org/10.1017/s0890037x00044304

Edmisten, K. L., York, A. C., Culpepper, A. S., Stewart, A. M., & Maitland, J. (1998). Optimizing production workshop--ultra narrow row cotton for the Southeast. Beltwide Cotton Conferences. Proceedings, 1(1998), 84.

Batts, R. B., York, A. C., Yelverton, F. H., & Bradley, A. L. (1998). Potential for cotoran carryover to flue-cured tobacco. Beltwide Cotton Conferences. Proceedings, 1(1998), 873.

Jennings, K. M., York, A. C., Culpepper, A. S., & Batts, R. B. (1998). Staple/MSMA combinations for sicklepod (Senna obtusifolia) control in cotton. Beltwide Cotton Conferences. Proceedings, 1(1998), 843–844.

Wade, H. F., York, A. C., Morey, A. E., Padmore, J. M., & Rudo, K. M. (1998). The impact of pesticide use on groundwater in North Carolina. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY, 27(5), 1018–1026. https://doi.org/10.2134/jeq1998.00472425002700050006x

Culpepper, A. S., & York, A. C. (1998). Weed management in glyphosate-tolerant cotton. Journal of Cotton Science, 2(4), 174–185.

York, A. C. (1997). Crop protection. III. Weeds. New herbicides will help cotton growers remain competitive. Beltwide Cotton Conferences. Proceedings, 1(1997), 15–16.

York, A. C. (1997). Impact of herbicide-tolerant germplasm on production and management of row crops. Proceedings of the ... Annual Meeting of the Northeastern Weed, 51(1997), 149–153.

Jordan, D. L., York, A. C., Griffin, J. L., Clay, P. A., Vidrine, P. R., & Reynolds, D. B. (1997). Influence of application variables on efficacy of glyphosate. WEED TECHNOLOGY, 11(2), 354–362. https://doi.org/10.1017/s0890037x00043062

Jennings, K. M., York, A. C., Batts, R. B., & Culpepper, A. S. (1997). Sicklepod (Senna obtusifolia) and entireleaf morningglory (Ipomoea hederacea var. integriuscula) management in soybean (Glycine max) with flumetsulam. WEED TECHNOLOGY, 11(2), 227–234. https://doi.org/10.1017/s0890037x00042883

Culpepper, A. S., York, A. C., Batts, R. B., & Jennings, K. (1997). Sicklepod (Senna obtusifolia) management in an ALS-modified soybean (Glycine max). Weed Technology, 11(1), 164–170. https://doi.org/10.1017/s0890037x0004152x

Batts, R. B., & York, A. C. (1997). Weed management in no-till cotton (Gossypium hirsutum) with thiazopyr. WEED TECHNOLOGY, 11(3), 580–585. https://doi.org/10.1017/s0890037x00045450

Culpepper, A. S., & York, A. C. (1997). Weed management in no-tillage bromoxynil-tolerant cotton (Gossypium hirsutum). WEED TECHNOLOGY, 11(2), 335–345. https://doi.org/10.1017/s0890037x00043049