Francois Birgand

Harmel, R. D., Preisendanz, H. E., King, K. W., Busch, D., Birgand, F., & Sahoo, D. (2023). [Review of A Review of Data Quality and Cost Considerations for Water Quality Monitoring at the Field Scale and in Small Watersheds]. WATER, 15(17). https://doi.org/10.3390/w15173110

Oliveira, L. A., Dougherty, H., Cooke, R. A. C., Maxwell, B. M., Helmers, M. J., Birgand, F., … Christianson, L. E. (2023). Aspect ratio and baffles impact hydraulic performance of full-size denitrifying bioreactors. ECOLOGICAL ENGINEERING, 189. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoleng.2023.106912

Hammond, N. W., Birgand, F., Carey, C. C., Bookout, B., Breef-Pilz, A., & Schreiber, M. E. (2023). High-frequency sensor data capture short-term variability in Fe and Mn concentrations due to hypolimnetic oxygenation and seasonal dynamics in a drinking water reservoir. WATER RESEARCH, 240, 120084. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2023.120084

Kamrath, B., Burchell, M., Birgand, F., & Aziz, T. (2023). Quantification of Ammonium Release from an Aging Free Water Surface Constructed Wetland To Improve Treatment Performance. Journal of Ecological Engineering Design. https://doi.org/10.21428/f69f093e.db873c9f

Grande, E., Seybold, E. C., Tatariw, C., Visser, A., Braswell, A., Arora, B., … Zimmer, M. (2023). Seasonal and tidal variations in hydrologic inputs drive salt marsh porewater nitrate dynamics. HYDROLOGICAL PROCESSES, 37(8). https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.14951

Moin, S., Hunt, W. F., Birgand, F., & Ratzlaff, S. (2022). Effect of Visibility on Maintenance Investment and Consequent Performance of Urban Stormwater Control Measures. JOURNAL OF SUSTAINABLE WATER IN THE BUILT ENVIRONMENT, 8(1). https://doi.org/10.1061/JSWBAY.0000975

Birgand, F., Chapman, K., Hazra, A., Gilmore, T., Etheridge, R., & Staicu, A.-M. (2022). Field performance of the GaugeCam image-based water level measurement system. PLOS Water. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pwat.0000032

Hammond, N., Birgand, F., Carey, C. C., Bookout, B., Breef-Pilz, A., & Schreiber, M. (2022, November 28). High-frequency sensor data capture short-term variability in Fe and Mn cycling due to hypolimnetic oxygenation and seasonal dynamics in a drinking water reservoir. https://doi.org/10.1002/essoar.10512927.1

Liu, W., Tian, S., Youssef, M. A., Birgand, F. P., & Chescheir, G. M. (2022). Patterns of long-term variations of nitrate concentration - Stream discharge relationships for a drained agricultural watershed in Mid-western USA. JOURNAL OF HYDROLOGY, 614. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2022.128479

Chapman, K. W., Gilmore, T. E., Chapman, C. D., Birgand, F., Mittlestet, A. R., Harner, M. J., … Stranzl, J. E., Jr Jr. (2022). Technical Note: Open-Source Software for Water-Level Measurement in Images With a Calibration Target. WATER RESOURCES RESEARCH, 58(8). https://doi.org/10.1029/2022WR033203

Shiau, Y.-J., Burchell, M. R., Krauss, K. W., Broome, S. W., & Birgand, F. (2021, October 1). Carbon storage potential in a recently created brackish marsh in eastern North Carolina, USA (vol 127, pg 579, 2019). ECOLOGICAL ENGINEERING, Vol. 168. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoleng.2021.106276

Liu, W., Birgand, F., Tian, S., & Chen, C. (2021). [Review of Event-scale hysteresis metrics to reveal processes and mechanisms controlling constituent export from watersheds: A review]. WATER RESEARCH, 200. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.watres.2021.117254

Birgand, F., Maxwell, B., Thomas, A., Schipper, L., Williams, D., Christianson, L., … Youssef, M. (2020, March 23). Effects of drying and rewetting cycles on denitrification and greenhouse gas emissions in normally saturated organic substrate (Vol. 3). Vol. 3. https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-egu2020-22205

Maxwell, B., Winter, D., & Birgand, F. (2020). Floating treatment wetland retrofit in a stormwater wet pond provides limited water quality improvements. ECOLOGICAL ENGINEERING, 149. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoleng.2020.105784

Maxwell, B. M., Birgand, F., Schipper, L. A., Barkle, G., Rivas, A. A., Helmers, M. J., & Christianson, L. E. (2020). High-frequency, in situ sampling of field woodchip bioreactors reveals sources of sampling error and hydraulic inefficiencies. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT, 272. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2020.110996

Liu, W., Youssef, M. A., Birgand, F. P., Chescheir, G. M., Tian, S., & Maxwell, B. M. (2020). Processes and mechanisms controlling nitrate dynamics in an artificially drained field: Insights from high-frequency water quality measurements. AGRICULTURAL WATER MANAGEMENT, 232. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agwat.2020.106032

Muwamba, A., Amatya, D. M., Chescheir, G. M., Nettles, J. E., Appelboom, T., Tollner, E. W., … Callahan, T. (2020). Response of Drainage Water Quality to Fertilizer Applications on a Switchgrass Intercropped Coastal Pine Forest. WATER, 12(5). https://doi.org/10.3390/w12051265

Muwamba, A., Amatya, D. M., Ssegane, H., Chescheir, G. M., Appelboom, T., Nettles, J. E., … Birgand, F. (2020). Response of Nutrients and Sediment to Hydrologic Variables in Switchgrass Intercropped Pine Forest Ecosystems on Poorly Drained Soil. WATER AIR AND SOIL POLLUTION, 231(9). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11270-020-04808-3

Maxwell, B. M., Diaz-Garcia, C., Jose Martinez-Sanchez, J., Birgand, F., & Alvarez-Rogel, J. (2020). Temperature sensitivity of nitrate removal in woodchip bioreactors increases with woodchip age and following drying-rewetting cycles. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE-WATER RESEARCH & TECHNOLOGY, 6(10), 2752–2765. https://doi.org/10.1039/d0ew00507j

Shiau, Y.-J., Burchell, M. R., Krauss, K. W., Broome, S. W., & Birgand, F. (2019). Carbon storage potential in a recently created brackish marsh in eastern North Carolina, USA. Ecological Engineering, 127, 579–588. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoleng.2018.09.007

Frazar, S., Gold, A. J., Addy, K., Moatar, F., Birgand, F., Schroth, A. W., … Pradhanang, S. M. (2019). Contrasting behavior of nitrate and phosphate flux from high flow events on small agricultural and urban watersheds. Biogeochemistry, 145(1-2), 141–160. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10533-019-00596-z

Messer, T. L., Birgand, F., & Burchell, M. R. (2019). Diel fluctuations of high level nitrate and dissolved organic carbon concentrations in constructed wetland mesocosms. Ecological Engineering, 133, 76–87. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoleng.2019.04.027

Maxwell, B. M., Birgand, F., Schipper, L. A., Christianson, L. E., Tian, S., Helmers, M. J., … Youssef, M. A. (2019). Drying–Rewetting Cycles Affect Nitrate Removal Rates in Woodchip Bioreactors. Journal of Environment Quality, 48(1), 93. https://doi.org/10.2134/jeq2018.05.0199

Maxwell, B. M., Birgand, F., Schipper, L. A., Christianson, L. E., Tian, S., Helmers, M. J., … Youssef, M. A. (2019). Increased Duration of Drying–Rewetting Cycles Increases Nitrate Removal in Woodchip Bioreactors. Agricultural & Environmental Letters, 4(1). https://doi.org/10.2134/ael2019.07.0028

Park, J., Batalla, R. J., Birgand, F., Esteves, M., Gentile, F., Harrington, J. R., … Vericat, D. (2019). Influences of Catchment and River Channel Characteristics on the Magnitude and Dynamics of Storage and Re-Suspension of Fine Sediments in River Beds. Water, 11(5), 878. https://doi.org/10.3390/w11050878

Cizek, A. R., Johnson, J. P., Birgand, F., Hunt, W. F., & McLaughlin, R. A. (2019). Insights from using in-situ ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy to assess nitrogen treatment and subsurface dynamics in a regenerative stormwater conveyance (RSC) system. Journal of Environmental Management, 252, 109656. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2019.109656

Liu, W., Maxwell, B., Birgand, F., Youssef, M., Chescheir, G., & Tian, S. (2019). Multipoint High-Frequency Sampling System to Gain Deeper Insights on the Fate of Nitrate in Artificially Drained Fields. Journal of Irrigation and Drainage Engineering, 146(1), 06019012. https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)IR.1943-4774.0001438

Maxwell, B. M., Birgand, F., Smith, B., & Aveni-Deforge, K. (2018). A small-volume multiplexed pumping system for automated, high-frequency water chemistry measurements in volume-limited applications. Hydrology and Earth System Sciences, 22(11), 5615–5628. https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-22-5615-2018

Vongvixay, A., Grimaldi, C., Dupas, R., Fovet, O., Birgand, F., Gilliet, N., & Gascuel-Odoux, C. (2018). Contrasting suspended sediment export in two small agricultural catchments: Cross-influence of hydrological behaviour and landscape degradation or stream bank management. Land Degradation & Development, 29(5), 1385–1396. https://doi.org/10.1002/ldr.2940

Harmel, R. D., King, K., Busch, D., Smith, D., Birgand, F., & Haggard, B. (2018). Measuring edge-of-field water quality: Where we have been and the path forward. Journal of Soil and Water Conservation, 73(1), 86–96. https://doi.org/10.2489/jswc.73.1.86

Addy, K., Gold, A. J., Loffredo, J. A., Schroth, A. W., Inamdar, S. P., Bowden, W. B., … Birgand, F. (2018). Stream response to an extreme drought-induced defoliation event. Biogeochemistry, 140(2), 199–215. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10533-018-0485-3

Howden, N. J. K., Birgand, F., Burt, T., & Worrall, F. (2018). The seven sources of variance in fluvial flux time series. Hydrological Processes, 32(26), 3996–3997. https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.13300

Ssegane, H., Amatya, D. M., Muwamba, A., Chescheir, G. M., Appelboom, T., Tollner, E. W., … al. (2017). Calibration of paired watersheds: Utility of moving sums in presence of externalities. Hydrological Processes, 31(20), 3458–3471. https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.11248

Etheridge, J. R., Burchell, M. R., II, & Birgand, F. (2017). Can created tidal marshes reduce nitrate export to downstream estuaries? Ecological Engineering, 105, 314–324. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoleng.2017.05.009

Messer, T., Burchell, M., & Bírgand, F. (2017). Comparison of Four Nitrate Removal Kinetic Models in Two Distinct Wetland Restoration Mesocosm Systems. Water, 9(7), 517. https://doi.org/10.3390/w9070517

Vaughan, M. C. H., Bowden, W. B., Shanley, J. B., Vermilyea, A., Sleeper, R., Gold, A. J., … Schroth, A. W. (2017). High‐frequency dissolved organic carbon and nitrate measurements reveal differences in storm hysteresis and loading in relation to land cover and seasonality. Water Resources Research, 53(7), 5345–5363. https://doi.org/10.1002/2017wr020491

Messer, T. L., Burchell, M. R., II, Birgand, F., Broome, S. W., & Chescheir, G. (2017). Nitrate removal potential of restored wetlands loaded with agricultural drainage water: A mesocosm scale experimental approach. Ecological Engineering, 106, 541–554. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoleng.2017.06.022

Muwamba, A., Amatya, D. M., Chescheir, G. M., Nettles, J. E., Appelboom, T., Ssegane, H., … Tian, S. (2017). Water Quality Effects of Switchgrass Intercropping on Pine Forest in Coastal North Carolina. Transactions of the ASABE, 60(5), 1607–1620. https://doi.org/10.13031/trans.12181

Birgand, F., Aveni-Deforge, K., Smith, B., Maxwell, B., Horstman, M., Gerling, A. B., & Carey, C. C. (2016). First report of a novel multiplexer pumping system coupled to a water quality probe to collect high temporal frequency in situ water chemistry measurements at multiple sites. Limnology and Oceanography: Methods, 14(12), 767–783. https://doi.org/10.1002/lom3.10122

Shiau, Y.-J., Burchell, M. R., Krauss, K. W., Birgand, F., & Broome, S. W. (2016). Greenhouse Gas Emissions from a Created Brackish Marsh in Eastern North Carolina. Wetlands, 36(6), 1009–1024. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13157-016-0815-y

Burnette, M. C., Genereux, D. P., & Birgand, F. (2016). In-situ falling-head test for hydraulic conductivity: Evaluation in layered sediments of an analysis derived for homogenous sediments. Journal of Hydrology, 539, 319–329. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2016.05.030

Gilmore, T. E., Genereux, D. P., Solomon, D. K., Solder, J. E., Kimball, B. A., Mitasova, H., & Birgand, F. (2016). Quantifying the fate of agricultural nitrogen in an unconfined aquifer: Stream-based observations at three measurement scales. Water Resources Research, 52(3), 1961–1983. https://doi.org/10.1002/2015wr017599

Polizzotto, M. L., Birgand, F., Badruzzaman, A. B. M., & Ali, M. A. (2015). Amending irrigation channels with jute-mesh structures to decrease arsenic loading to rice fields in Bangladesh. Ecological Engineering, 74, 101–106. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoleng.2014.10.030

de Billy, V., Tournebize, J., Barnaud, G., Benoît, M., Birgand, F., Garnier, J., … Zimmer, D. (2015). Compenser la destruction de zones humides. Retours d’expérience sur les méthodes et réflexions inspirées par le projet d’aéroport de Notre-Dame-des-Landes (France). Natures Sciences Sociétés, 23(1), 27–41. https://doi.org/10.1051/nss/2015008

Muwamba, A., Amatya, D. M., Ssegane, H., Chescheir, G. M., Appelboom, T., Tollner, E. W., … Tian, S. (2015). Effects of Site Preparation for Pine Forest/Switchgrass Intercropping on Water Quality. Journal of Environment Quality, 44(4), 1263. https://doi.org/10.2134/jeq2014.11.0505

Etheridge, J. R., Birgand, F., & Burchell, M. R., II. (2015). Quantifying nutrient and suspended solids fluxes in a constructed tidal marsh following rainfall: The value of capturing the rapid changes in flow and concentrations. Ecological Engineering, 78, 41–52. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoleng.2014.05.021

Osburn, C. L., Mikan, M. P., Etheridge, J. R., Burchell, M. R., & Birgand, F. (2015). Seasonal variation in the quality of dissolved and particulate organic matter exchanged between a salt marsh and its adjacent estuary. Journal of Geophysical Research: Biogeosciences, 120(7), 1430–1449. https://doi.org/10.1002/2014jg002897

Etheridge, J. R., Birgand, F., Burchell II, M. R., Lepistö, A., Rankinen, K., & Granlund, K. (2014). Technical Note: Alternative in-stream denitrification equation for the INCA-N model. Hydrology and Earth System Sciences, 18(4), 1467–1473. https://doi.org/10.5194/hess-18-1467-2014

Etheridge, J. R., Birgand, F., Osborne, J. A., Osburn, C. L., Burchell, M. R., II, & Irving, J. (2014). Using in situ ultraviolet-visual spectroscopy to measure nitrogen, carbon, phosphorus, and suspended solids concentrations at a high frequency in a brackish tidal marsh. Limnology and Oceanography: Methods, 12(1), 10–22. https://doi.org/10.4319/lom.2014.12.10

Etheridge, J. R., Birgand, F., Burchell, M. R., & Smith, B. T. (2013). Addressing the Fouling of In Situ Ultraviolet-Visual Spectrometers Used to Continuously Monitor Water Quality in Brackish Tidal Marsh Waters. Journal of Environment Quality, 42(6), 1896. https://doi.org/10.2134/jeq2013.02.0049

Brown, R. A., Birgand, F., & Hunt, W. F. (2013). Analysis of Consecutive Events for Nutrient and Sediment Treatment in Field-Monitored Bioretention Cells. Water, Air, & Soil Pollution, 224(6). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11270-013-1581-6

Billy, C., Birgand, F., Ansart, P., Peschard, J., Sebilo, M., & Tournebize, J. (2013). Factors controlling nitrate concentrations in surface waters of an artificially drained agricultural watershed. Landscape Ecology, 28(4), 665–684. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10980-013-9872-2

Birgand, F., Lellouche, G., & Appelboom, T. W. (2013). Measuring flow in non-ideal conditions for short-term projects: Uncertainties associated with the use of stage-discharge rating curves. Journal of Hydrology, 503, 186–195. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2013.09.007

Randall Etheridge, J., Lepistö, A., Granlund, K., Rankinen, K., Birgand, F., & Burchell, M. R., II. (2013). Reducing uncertainty in the calibration and validation of the INCA-N model by using soft data. Hydrology Research, 45(1), 73–88. https://doi.org/10.2166/nh.2013.039

Gilmore, T. E., Birgand, F., & Chapman, K. W. (2013). Source and magnitude of error in an inexpensive image-based water level measurement system. Journal of Hydrology, 496, 178–186. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2013.05.011

Moatar, F., Meybeck, M., Raymond, S., Birgand, F., & Curie, F. (2012). River flux uncertainties predicted by hydrological variability and riverine material behaviour. Hydrological Processes, 27(25), 3535–3546. https://doi.org/10.1002/hyp.9464

Birgand, F., Appelboom, T. W., Chescheir, G. M., & Skaggs, R. W. (2011). Estimating Nitrogen, Phosphorus, and Carbon Fluxes in Forested and Mixed-Use Watersheds of the Lower Coastal Plain of North Carolina: Uncertainties Associated with Infrequent Sampling. Transactions of the ASABE, 54(6), 2099–2110. https://doi.org/10.13031/2013.40668

Billy, C., Birgand, F., Sebilo, M., Billen, G., Tournebize, J., & Kao, C. (2011). Nitrate dynamics in artificially drained nested watersheds. Physics and Chemistry of the Earth, Parts A/B/C, 36(12), 506–514. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pce.2008.09.007

Birgand, F., Faucheux, C., Gruau, G., Moatar, F., & Meybeck, M. (2011). Uncertainties in Assessing Annual Nitrate Loads and Concentration Indicators: Part 2. Deriving Sampling Frequency Charts in Brittany, France. Transactions of the ASABE, 54(1), 93–104. https://doi.org/10.13031/2013.36263

Henine, H., Nédélec, Y., Augeard, B., Birgand, F., Chaumont, C., Ribstein, P., & Kao, C. (2010). Effect of Pipe Pressurization on the Discharge of a Tile Drainage System. Vadose Zone Journal, 9(1), 36. https://doi.org/10.2136/vzj2008.0152

Billy, C., Billen, G., Sebilo, M., Birgand, F., & Tournebize, J. (2010). Nitrogen isotopic composition of leached nitrate and soil organic matter as an indicator of denitrification in a sloping drained agricultural plot and adjacent uncultivated riparian buffer strips. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 42(1), 108–117. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soilbio.2009.09.026

Appelboom, T. W., Chescheir, G. M., Birgand, F., Skaggs, R. W., Gilliam, J. W., & Amatya, D. (2010). Temperature Coefficient for Modeling Denitrification in Surface Water Sediments Using the Mass Transfer Coefficient. Transactions of the ASABE, 53(2), 465–474. https://doi.org/10.13031/2013.29578

Birgand, F., Faucheux, C., Gruau, G., Augeard, B., Moatar, F., & Bordenave, P. (2010). Uncertainties in Assessing Annual Nitrate Loads and Concentration Indicators: Part 1. Impact of Sampling Frequency and Load Estimation Algorithms. Transactions of the ASABE, 53(2), 437–446. https://doi.org/10.13031/2013.29584

Moatar, F., Birgand, F., Meybeck, M., Faucheux, C., & Raymond, S. (2009). Incertitudes sur les métriques de qualité des cours d'eau (médianes et quantiles de concentrations, flux, cas des nutriments) évaluées a partir de suivis discrets. La Houille Blanche, 6(3), 68–76. https://doi.org/10.1051/lhb/2009029

Birgand, F., Faucheux, C., Gruau, G., Augeard, B., Moatar, F., Meybeck, M., … Bordenave, P. (2009). Une approche quantitative du rôle de la fréquence d’échantillonnage sur les incertitudes associées aux calculs des flux et des concentrations moyennes en nitrate en Bretagne. Ingénieries : Eau Agriculture Territoires, 59-60, 23–37.

Augeard, B., Kao, C., Chaumont, C., Ansart, P., Nédélec, Y., & Birgand, F. (2008). Effect of a nonlinear runoff response on flood statistical properties: the case of a tile-drained watershed. In C. Abesser, T. Wagener, & G. Nuetzmann (Eds.), Groundwater-surface water interaction : process understanding, conceptualization and modeling (pp. 124–133). Wallingford, UK: IAHS Press.

Tournebize, J., Arlot, M., Billy, C., Birgand, F., Gillet, J., & Dutertre, A. (2008). Quantification et maîtrise des flux de nitrates : de la parcelle drainée au bassin versant. Ingénieries : Eau Agriculture Territoires - Numéro Spécial Azote, Phosphore Et Pesticides, 5–25.

Turlan, T., Birgand, F., & Marmonier, P. (2007). Comparative use of field and laboratory mesocosms for in-stream nitrate uptake measurement. Annales De Limnologie - International Journal of Limnology, 43(1), 41–51. https://doi.org/10.1051/limn/2007026

Peu, P., Birgand, F., & Martinez, J. (2007). Long term fate of slurry derived nitrogen in soil: A case study with a macro-lysimeter experiment having received high loads of pig slurry (Solepur). Bioresource Technology, 98(17), 3228–3234. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2006.07.019

Birgand, F., Skaggs, R. W., Chescheir, G. M., & Gilliam, J. W. (2007). Nitrogen Removal in Streams of Agricultural Catchments—A Literature Review. Critical Reviews in Environmental Science and Technology, 37(5), 381–487. https://doi.org/10.1080/10643380600966426

Turpin, N., Bontems, P., Rotillon, G., Bärlund, I., Kaljonen, M., Tattari, S., … Zahm, F. (2005). AgriBMPWater: systems approach to environmentally acceptable farming. Environmental Modelling & Software, 20(2), 187–196. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envsoft.2003.09.004

Birgand, F., Benoist, J., Novince, É., Gilliet, N., Saint-Cast, P., & Saos, É. L. (2005). Guide d’application de la technique du Doppler continu pour une section calibrée en bois. Ingénieries : Eau Agriculture Territoires, 41, 77–82.

Birgand, F., Benoist, J., Novince, É., Gilliet, N., Saint-Cast, P., & Le Saos, É. (2005). Mesure des débits à l’aide de débitmètres ultrasoniques Doppler - Cas des petits cours d’eau ruraux. Ingénieries : Eau Agriculture Territoires, 41, 23–38.

Kenny, C., Yamulki, S., Blackwell, M., Maltby, E., French, P., & Birgand, F. (2005). The release of nitrous oxide from the intertidal zones of two European estuaries in response to increased ammonium and nitrate loading. Water, Air, & Soil Pollution: Focus, 4(6), 61–66. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11267-005-3014-z

Birgand, F., Lefrançois, J., Grimaldi, C., Novince, É., Gilliet, N., & Gascuel-Odoux, C. (2004). Mesure des flux et échantillonnage des matières en suspension sur de petits cours d’eau. Ingénieries : Eau Agriculture Territoires, 40, 21–35.

Kenny, C., Yamulki, S., Blackwell, M., Maltby, E., French, P., & Birgand, F. (2004). The Release of Nitrous Oxide from the Intertidal Zones of Two European Estuaries in Response to Increased Ammonium and Nitrate Loading. Water, Air, & Soil Pollution: Focus, 4(6), 61–66. https://doi.org/10.1007/S11267-004-3014-4

Benoist, J., & Birgand, F. (2002). Les dispositifs de mesure des débits dans les bassins versants agricoles. Ingénieries : Eau Agriculture Territoires, 32, 51–63.

Birgand, F. (2000). Quantification and modeling of in-stream processes in agricultural canals of the lower coastal plain (Ph.D. dissertation). North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA.

Birgand, F., Chescheir, G. M., Skaggs, R. W., & Gilliam, J. W. (1999). Quantification and effects of in-stream processes in the ditches and canals of the Lower Coastal Plain of North Carolina. Proceedings of the Mini-Conference, Advances in Water Quality Modeling, (1999), 45–50. St. Joseph, MI: ASAE.

Amatya, D. M., Chescheir, G. M., Skaggs, R. W., Fernandez, G., & Birgand, F. (1998). Evaluation of a DRAINMOD based watershed scale model. Drainage in the 21st century: Food production and the environment: Proceedings of the seventh International Drainage Symposium, 211–219. St. Joseph, Michigan: American Society of Agricultural Engineers.

Birgand, F. (1994). Measurements and modeling of nitrogen budget in poorly drained soils. (Mémoire de fin / Master of Science Dissertation). Ecole Nationale Supérieure Agronomique de Rennes, Rennes, France.