@article{qiu_zhang_zhang_xu_zhao_bai_zhao_wang_sheng_bloszies_et al._2024, title={Intermediate soil acidification induces highest nitrous oxide emissions}, volume={15}, ISSN={["2041-1723"]}, DOI={10.1038/s41467-024-46931-3}, abstractNote={Abstract Global potent greenhouse gas nitrous oxide (N 2 O) emissions from soil are accelerating, with increases in the proportion of reactive nitrogen emitted as N 2 O, i.e., N 2 O emission factor (EF). Yet, the primary controls and underlying mechanisms of EFs remain unresolved. Based on two independent but complementary global syntheses, and three field studies determining effects of acidity on N 2 O EFs and soil denitrifying microorganisms, we show that soil pH predominantly controls N 2 O EFs and emissions by affecting the denitrifier community composition. Analysis of 5438 paired data points of N 2 O emission fluxes revealed a hump-shaped relationship between soil pH and EFs, with the highest EFs occurring in moderately acidic soils that favored N 2 O-producing over N 2 O-consuming microorganisms, and induced high N 2 O emissions. Our results illustrate that soil pH has a unimodal relationship with soil denitrifiers and EFs, and the net N 2 O emission depends on both the N 2 O/(N 2 O + N 2 ) ratio and overall denitrification rate. These findings can inform strategies to predict and mitigate soil N 2 O emissions under future nitrogen input scenarios.}, number={1}, journal={NATURE COMMUNICATIONS}, author={Qiu, Yunpeng and Zhang, Yi and Zhang, Kangcheng and Xu, Xinyu and Zhao, Yunfeng and Bai, Tongshuo and Zhao, Yexin and Wang, Hao and Sheng, Xiongjie and Bloszies, Sean and et al.}, year={2024}, month={Mar} }
 @article{gillespie_sit_loucanides_hu_matusko_terwilliger_shi_steffen_woodley_hu_2024, title={Multi-amplicon nitrogen cycling gene standard: An innovative approach for quantifying N-transforming soil microbes in terrestrial ecosystems}, volume={195}, ISSN={["1879-3428"]}, url={https://doi.org/10.1016/j.soilbio.2024.109461}, DOI={10.1016/j.soilbio.2024.109461}, journal={SOIL BIOLOGY & BIOCHEMISTRY}, author={Gillespie, Christopher J. and Sit, Tim L. and Loucanides, Althea J. and Hu, Jialin and Matusko, Brooke E. and Terwilliger, Nicholas R. and Shi, Wei and Steffen, Samantha M. and Woodley, Alex L. and Hu, Shuijin}, year={2024}, month={Aug} }
 @article{furgurson_loschin_butoto_abugu_gillespie_brown_ferraro_speicher_stokes_budnick_et al._2023, title={Seizing the policy moment in crop biotech regulation: an interdisciplinary response to the Executive Order on biotechnology}, volume={11}, ISSN={["2296-4185"]}, DOI={10.3389/fbioe.2023.1241537}, abstractNote={North Carolina State University Forestry and Environmental Resources, Raleigh, NC, United States, North Carolina State University Genetic Engineering and Society Center, Raleigh, NC, United States, North Carolina State University Applied Ecology, Raleigh, NC, United States, North Carolina State University Crop and Soil Sciences, Raleigh, NC, United States, North Carolina State University Horticultural Science, Raleigh, NC, United States, North Carolina State University Entomology and Plant Pathology, Raleigh, NC, United States, North Carolina State University Food, Bioprocessing and Nutrition Sciences, Raleigh, NC, United States, North Carolina State University Agricultural and Resource Economics, Raleigh, NC, United States, North Carolina State University Communication, Rhetoric, and Digital Media, Raleigh, NC, United States, North Carolina State University Biochemistry, Raleigh, NC, United States, North Carolina State University Plant Biology, Raleigh, NC, United States, North Carolina State University Anthropology, Raleigh, NC, United States}, journal={FRONTIERS IN BIOENGINEERING AND BIOTECHNOLOGY}, author={Furgurson, Jill and Loschin, Nick and Butoto, Eric and Abugu, Modesta and Gillespie, Christopher J. and Brown, Rebekah and Ferraro, Greg and Speicher, Nolan and Stokes, Ruthie and Budnick, Asa and et al.}, year={2023}, month={Aug} }
 @article{zhang_qiu_gilliam_gillespie_tu_reberg-horton_hu_2022, title={Arbuscular Mycorrhizae Shift Community Composition of N-Cycling Microbes and Suppress Soil N2O Emission}, volume={8}, ISSN={["1520-5851"]}, DOI={10.1021/acs.est.2c03816}, abstractNote={Mycorrhizae are ubiquitous symbiotic associations between arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) and terrestrial plants, in which AMF receive photosynthates from and acquire soil nutrients for their host plants. Plant uptake of soil nitrogen (N) reduces N substrate for microbial processes that generate nitrous oxide (N2O), a potent greenhouse gas. However, the underlying microbial mechanisms remain poorly understood, particularly in agroecosystems with high reactive N inputs. We examined how plant roots and AMF affect N2O emissions, N2O-producing (nirK and nirS) and N2O-consuming (nosZ) microbes under normal and high N inputs in conventional (CONV) and organically managed (OM) soils. Here, we show that high N input increased soil N2O emissions and the ratio of nirK to nirS microbes. Roots and AMF did not affect the (nirK + nirS)/nosZ ratio but significantly reduced N2O emissions and the nirK/nirS ratio. They reduced the nirK/nirS ratio by reducing nirK-Rhodobacterales but increasing nirS-Rhodocyclales in the CONV soil while decreasing nirK-Burkholderiales but increasing nirS-Rhizobiales in the OM soil. Our results indicate that plant roots and AMF reduced N2O emission directly by reducing soil N and indirectly through shifting the community composition of N2O-producing microbes in N-enriched agroecosystems, suggesting that harnessing the rhizosphere microbiome through agricultural management might offer additional potential for N2O emission mitigation.}, journal={ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY}, author={Zhang, Xuelin and Qiu, Yunpeng and Gilliam, Frank S. and Gillespie, Christopher J. and Tu, Cong and Reberg-Horton, S. Chris and Hu, Shuijin}, year={2022}, month={Aug} }
 @article{gillespie_antonangelo_zhang_2021, title={The Response of Soil pH and Exchangeable Al to Alum and Lime Amendments}, volume={11}, ISSN={["2077-0472"]}, DOI={10.3390/agriculture11060547}, abstractNote={Intensive cultivation and unprecedented utilization of ammoniacal fertilizer has accelerated soil acidification in the southern Great Plains and many other parts of the world. During a two-year study that evaluated the impact of soil pH and aluminum (Al) toxicity on winter wheat yield potential, we observed a variance in the edaphic responses of the two study sites (Stillwater and Chickasha) to two soil amendments, Alum [Al2(SO4)3] and lime [Ca(OH)2]. We found that AlKCl values at Stillwater were 223% and 150% higher than Chickasha during Year 1 and Year 2, respectively, with similar soil pH. Additionally, Alsat values at Stillwater were 30.6% and 24.9% higher than Chickasha during Year 1 and Year 2, respectively. Surprisingly, when treated as a bivariate of Alsat, soil buffer indices differed in graphical structure. While Chickasha was identified with a cubic polynomial (p < 0.0001), Stillwater was characterized by linear regression (p < 0.0001). We have reason to believe that this divergence in edaphic response might be attributed to the organically bound Al, dissolved organic carbon (DOC), spatio-temporal variance, and adsorption reactions regulated by the solubility of Al(OH)+2 species in acidic soils.}, number={6}, journal={AGRICULTURE-BASEL}, author={Gillespie, Christopher Jorelle and Antonangelo, Joao Arthur and Zhang, Hailin}, year={2021}, month={Jun} }
 @article{gillespie_marburger_carver_zhang_2020, title={Closely related winter wheat cultivar performance in US Great Plains acid soils}, volume={112}, ISSN={["1435-0645"]}, DOI={10.1002/agj2.20329}, abstractNote={AbstractAluminum‐tolerant wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivars are often employed to damper the yield‐limiting impacts of Al toxicity in acidic soils. Tolerance is often facilitated by the Al‐activated malate transporter 1 (ALMT1) gene, which increases anion permeability of wheat roots and exudes malate in the presence of Al. However, few studies have explored the phenotypic incongruities of closely related genotypes with ALMT1(+) or without ALMT1(−). A field study initiated in Stillwater, OK, on an Easpur loam (fine‐loamy, mixed, superactive, thermic Fluventic Haplustolls) was established to determine the Al tolerance of eight related winter wheat cultivars chosen for presence or absence of ALMT1 [Duster (+), Lonerider (+), OK14319 (+), Jagger (+), Iba (−), Gallagher (−), Spirit Rider (−), Smith's Gold (−)]. Significant differences were found among cultivars in their forage yield responses to Al concentration and soil acidity. Duster (first), Spirit Rider (second), and Gallagher (third) were the most acid tolerant and consistent in forage yield across study years. However, no such trend was observed in the grain yields of any of the cultivars, as there was no clear semblance of acid tolerance in grain yields between study years. Despite the similarity of genetic backgrounds, forage and grain yield productivity of cultivars in this study varied between years and was not wholly dependent on the presence or absence of the ALMT1 gene. Nevertheless, the utilization of acid‐tolerant winter wheat cultivars has the potential to significantly reduce forage yield loss under acidic soil conditions with high Al concentrations.}, number={5}, journal={AGRONOMY JOURNAL}, author={Gillespie, Christopher J. and Marburger, David A. and Carver, Brett F. and Zhang, Hailin}, year={2020}, pages={3704–3717} }