@article{charles-smith_rutledge_meek_baine_massey_ellsaesser_deperno_moorman_degernes_2014, title={Hematologic Parameters and Hemoparasites of Nonmigratory Canada Geese (Branta canadensis) From Greensboro, North Carolina, USA}, volume={28}, ISSN={["1938-2871"]}, DOI={10.1647/2012-072}, abstractNote={Abstract Large flocks of wild, nonmigratory Canada geese (Branta canadensis) have established permanent residence throughout the eastern United States and have become a public concern. Few studies have assessed the hematologic parameters for these populations, which could provide useful information for monitoring individual and population health of Canada geese. This study measured the hematologic parameters and detected the presence of hemoparasites from 146 wild, nonmigratory Canada geese in central North Carolina, USA, during their annual molt. The age class, sex, and weight of each bird were recorded at capture. Values for packed cell volume (PCV), estimated white blood cell count, white blood cell differentials, and heterophil : lymphocyte ratios were calculated for each bird. Adults and female geese had higher estimated white blood cell counts compared with juveniles and males, respectively. The PCV increased with weight and age class. Adult geese had higher percentages of heterophils and heterophil : lymphocyte ratios, whereas juvenile geese had higher percentages of lymphocytes. Relative eosinophil counts in adults increased with decreasing bird weight, and relative monocyte counts in juveniles increased with increasing weight. Three percent of geese were infected with species of Hemoproteus blood parasites. Atypical lymphocyte morphology, including pseudopods, split nuclei, and cytoplasmic granules, was observed in 5% of the birds. The hematologic values reported for adult and juvenile nonmigratory Canada geese in this study may serve as reference intervals for ecological studies and veterinary care of wild and captive Canada geese.}, number={1}, journal={JOURNAL OF AVIAN MEDICINE AND SURGERY}, author={Charles-Smith, Lauren E. and Rutledge, M. Elizabeth and Meek, Caroline J. and Baine, Katherine and Massey, Elizabeth and Ellsaesser, Laura N. and DePerno, Christopher S. and Moorman, Christopher E. and Degernes, Laurel A.}, year={2014}, month={Mar}, pages={16–23} }
 @article{flammer_massey_roudybush_meek_papich_2013, title={Assessment of Plasma Concentrations and Potential Adverse Effects of Doxycycline in Cockatiels (Nymphicus hollandicus) Fed a Medicated Pelleted Diet}, volume={27}, ISSN={["1938-2871"]}, DOI={10.1647/1082-6742-27.3.187}, abstractNote={Doxycycline hyclate was mixed with soybean oil and then added to a low-fat pelleted diet that contained approximately 2.4% fat, which produced a final diet that contained a calculated 6.4% fat and 300 mg doxycycline per kilogram of diet. The medicated diet was fed to 9 healthy adult cockatiels (Nymphicus hollandicus) for 47 days; a control group of 6 birds received the identical diet without doxycycline. Trough doxycycline plasma concentrations were measured 7 times during treatment and ranged from 0.98 to 3.83 microg/mL with an overall median of 2.09 microg/ mL. The birds were observed daily, weighed, and examined at least weekly, and selected plasma biochemical parameters were measured before treatment and at days 21 and 42. No adverse effects were noted, except one treatment bird became obese. This medicated diet may be suitable for treating spiral bacteria and Chlamydophila psittaci infections in cockatiels that will consume a pelleted diet.}, number={3}, journal={JOURNAL OF AVIAN MEDICINE AND SURGERY}, author={Flammer, Keven and Massey, J. Gregory and Roudybush, Tom and Meek, Caroline J. and Papich, Mark G.}, year={2013}, month={Sep}, pages={187–193} }