@article{barnwell_farin_ashwell_farmer_galphin_farin_2016, title={Differences in mRNA populations of short and long bovine conceptuses on Day 15 of gestation}, volume={83}, ISSN={["1098-2795"]}, DOI={10.1002/mrd.22640}, abstractNote={SUMMARY}, number={5}, journal={MOLECULAR REPRODUCTION AND DEVELOPMENT}, author={Barnwell, Callie V. and Farin, Peter W. and Ashwell, Christopher M. and Farmer, William T. and Galphin, Samuel P., Jr. and Farin, Charlotte E.}, year={2016}, month={May}, pages={424–441} }
 @article{farin_barnwell_farmer_2015, title={Abnormal offspring syndrome}, DOI={10.1002/9781118833971.ch67}, journal={Bovine Reproduction}, author={Farin, C. E. and Barnwell, C. V. and Farmer, W. T.}, year={2015}, pages={620–638} }
 @article{ji_barnwell_grunden_2015, title={Characterization of recombinant glutathione reductase from the psychrophilic Antarctic bacterium Colwellia psychrerythraea}, volume={19}, ISSN={["1433-4909"]}, DOI={10.1007/s00792-015-0762-1}, abstractNote={Glutathione reductases catalyze the reduction of oxidized glutathione (glutathione disulfide, GSSG) using NADPH as the substrate to produce reduced glutathione (GSH), which is an important antioxidant molecule that helps maintain the proper reducing environment of the cell. A recombinant form of glutathione reductase from Colwellia psychrerythraea, a marine psychrophilic bacterium, has been biochemically characterized to determine its molecular and enzymatic properties. C. psychrerythraea glutathione reductase was shown to be a homodimer with a molecular weight of 48.7 kDa using SDS-PAGE, MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry and gel filtration. The C. psychrerythraea glutathione reductase sequence shows significant homology to that of Escherichia coli glutathione reductase (66 % identity), and it possesses the FAD and NADPH binding motifs, as well as absorption spectrum features which are characteristic of flavoenzymes such as glutathione reductase. The psychrophilic C. psychrerythraea glutathione reductase exhibits higher k cat and k cat/K m at lower temperatures (4 °C) compared to mesophilic Baker's yeast glutathione reductase. However, C. psychrerythraea glutathione reductase was able to complement an E. coli glutathione reductase deletion strain in oxidative stress growth assays, demonstrating the functionality of C. psychrerythraea glutathione reductase over a broad temperature range, which suggests its potential utility as an antioxidant enzyme in heterologous systems.}, number={4}, journal={EXTREMOPHILES}, author={Ji, Mikyoung and Barnwell, Callie V. and Grunden, Amy M.}, year={2015}, month={Jul}, pages={863–874} }
 @article{barnwell_farin_whisnant_alexander_farin_2015, title={Maternal serum progesterone concentration and early conceptus development of bovine embryos produced in vivo or in vitro}, volume={52}, ISSN={["1879-0054"]}, DOI={10.1016/j.domaniend.2015.03.004}, abstractNote={The hormone progesterone is essential for proper embryonic development. The objective of this study was to examine the relationship between recipient serum concentrations of progesterone, at the time of embryo transfer and at conceptus recovery, on conceptus development from in vivo- or in vitro-produced embryos. Embryos were produced in vivo by superovulation of Holstein cows (IVO; n = 17) or in vitro with either serum-containing (IVPS; n = 27) or serum-restricted medium (IVPSR; n = 34). Single grade I blastocysts from each embryo production system were transferred into heifers on day 7 of development. Conceptuses were recovered on day 17 of gestation and classified as complete, degenerated, or no conceptus. Compared with the IVO group, in vitro-produced embryos had more (P = 0.055) degenerated conceptuses (IVO, 0%; IVPS, 18.5%; and IVPSR, 20.6%). There were no differences in progesterone concentrations at the time of transfer when recipients received either male or female embryos (P > 0.05). Progesterone concentrations in recipients receiving in vivo-produced embryos were higher (P < 0.05; 3.74 ± 0.4 ng/mL; least-squares mean ± standard error of the mean) on day 7 compared with those receiving in vitro-produced embryos (IVPS, 2.4 ± 0.2; IVPSR, 2.58 ± 0.3 ng/mL). However, there was no difference in progesterone concentration on day 7 between treatment groups for heifers from which short conceptuses (≤194 mm) were recovered on day 17. In contrast, when longer (>194 mm) conceptuses were recovered on day 17, heifers receiving in vitro-produced embryos had lower (P = 0.05) serum concentrations of progesterone on day 7 compared with those receiving in vivo-produced embryos (IVPS, 2.2 ± 0.5; IVPSR, 2.3 ± 0.5; IVO, 3.9 ± 0.5 ng/mL). In conclusion, differences in autonomy may exist between in vitro- and in vivo-produced embryos during the period of conceptus elongation with in vitro-produced embryos relying more on intrinsic factors to influence elongation.}, journal={DOMESTIC ANIMAL ENDOCRINOLOGY}, author={Barnwell, C. V. and Farin, P. W. and Whisnant, C. S. and Alexander, J. E. and Farin, C. E.}, year={2015}, month={Jul}, pages={75–81} }