@article{monfort_culbreath_abney_brandenburg_royals_jordan_herbert_taylor_malone_2021, title={Effect of thiamethoxam seed treatment in peanut}, ISSN={["2374-3832"]}, DOI={10.1002/cft2.20135}, abstractNote={AbstractTobacco thrips (Frankliniella fusca) and tomato spotted wilt (TSW) orthotospovirus (family Tospoviridae, genus Orthotospovirus) can reduce peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) yield. Systemic insecticides are applied in the seed furrow at planting and to peanut foliage to reduce injury from tobacco thrips and decrease incidence of TSW. Research was conducted in Georgia, North Carolina, South Carolina, and Virginia in 2013 and 2014 to compare the effect of the following treatments on tobacco thrips feeding injury and expression of TSW in peanut: thiamethoxam seed treatment, thiamethoxam seed treatment followed by acephate 3 weeks after planting, phorate applied in the seed furrow at planting, and a nontreated check. Tobacco thrips feeding injury and TSW incidence were significantly higher in thiamethoxam and thiamethoxam followed by acephate‐treated peanut than peanut treated with phorate. Thiamethoxan seed treatment followed by acephate resulted in significantly lower tobacco thrips feeding injury compared to thiamethoxam seed treatment alone. Yield of Virginia market type cultivars was greater when thiamethoxam was followed by acephate applied to peanut foliage or when phorate was applied compared with nontreated peanut or the seed treatment alone. Runner market type cultivars yielded higher when phorate was applied compared with nontreated peanut while peanut treated with thiamethoxam with or with acephate yielded similar to both of these treatments.}, journal={CROP FORAGE & TURFGRASS MANAGEMENT}, author={Monfort, Scott and Culbreath, Albert and Abney, Mark and Brandenburg, Rick and Royals, Brian and Jordan, David and Herbert, Ames, Jr. and Taylor, Sally and Malone, Sean}, year={2021}, month={Nov} }
 @article{mourtzinis_krupke_esker_varenhorst_arneson_bradley_byrne_chilvers_giesler_herbert_et al._2019, title={Neonicotinoid seed treatments of soybean provide negligible benefits to US farmers}, volume={9}, ISSN={2045-2322}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-47442-8}, DOI={10.1038/s41598-019-47442-8}, abstractNote={AbstractNeonicotinoids are the most widely used insecticides worldwide and are typically deployed as seed treatments (hereafter NST) in many grain and oilseed crops, including soybeans. However, there is a surprising dearth of information regarding NST effectiveness in increasing soybean seed yield, and most published data suggest weak, or inconsistent yield benefit. The US is the key soybean-producing nation worldwide and this work includes soybean yield data from 194 randomized and replicated field studies conducted specifically to evaluate the effect of NSTs on soybean seed yield at sites within 14 states from 2006 through 2017. Here we show that across the principal soybean-growing region of the country, there are negligible and management-specific yield benefits attributed to NSTs. Across the entire region, the maximum observed yield benefits due to fungicide (FST = fungicide seed treatment) + neonicotinoid use (FST + NST) reached 0.13 Mg/ha. Across the entire region, combinations of management practices affected the effectiveness of FST + NST to increase yield but benefits were minimal ranging between 0.01 to 0.22 Mg/ha. Despite widespread use, this practice appears to have little benefit for most of soybean producers; across the entire region, a partial economic analysis further showed inconsistent evidence of a break-even cost of FST or FST + NST. These results demonstrate that the current widespread prophylactic use of NST in the key soybean-producing areas of the US should be re-evaluated by producers and regulators alike.}, number={1}, journal={Scientific Reports}, publisher={Springer Science and Business Media LLC}, author={Mourtzinis, Spyridon and Krupke, Christian H. and Esker, Paul D. and Varenhorst, Adam and Arneson, Nicholas J. and Bradley, Carl A. and Byrne, Adam M. and Chilvers, Martin I. and Giesler, Loren J. and Herbert, Ames and et al.}, year={2019}, month={Sep}, pages={11207} }