@article{zahan_shohan_harris_williams_2023, title={Do Software Security Practices Yield Fewer Vulnerabilities?}, ISSN={["2832-7640"]}, DOI={10.1109/ICSE-SEIP58684.2023.00032}, abstractNote={Due to the ever-increasing number of security breaches, practitioners are motivated to produce more secure software. In the United States, the White House Office released a memorandum on Executive Order (EO) 14028 that mandates organizations provide self-attestation of the use of secure software development practices. The OpenSSF Scorecard project allows practitioners to measure the use of software security practices automatically. However, little research has been done to determine whether the use of security practices improves package security, particularly which security practices have the biggest impact on security outcomes. The goal of this study is to assist practitioners and researchers in making informed decisions on which security practices to adopt through the development of models between software security practice scores and security vulnerability counts.To that end, we developed five supervised machine learning models for npm and PyPI packages using the OpenSSF Scorecard security practices scores and aggregate security scores as predictors and the number of externally-reported vulnerabilities as a target variable. Our models found that four security practices (Maintained, Code Review, Branch Protection, and Security Policy) were the most important practices influencing vulnerability count. However, we had low R2 (ranging from 9% to 12%) when we tested the models to predict vulnerability counts. Additionally, we observed that the number of reported vulnerabilities increased rather than reduced as the aggregate security score of the packages increased. Both findings indicate that additional factors may influence the package vulnerability count. Other factors, such as the scarcity of vulnerability data, time to implicate security practices vs. time to detect vulnerabilities, and the need for more adequate scripts to detect security practices, may impede the data-driven studies to indicate that a practice can aid in the reduction of externally-reported vulnerabilities. We suggest that vulnerability count and security score data be refined such that these measures may be used to provide actionable guidance on security practices.}, journal={2023 IEEE/ACM 45TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON SOFTWARE ENGINEERING: SOFTWARE ENGINEERING IN PRACTICE, ICSE-SEIP}, author={Zahan, Nusrat and Shohan, Shohanuzzaman and Harris, Dan and Williams, Laurie}, year={2023}, pages={292–303} }
@article{akter_liu_cheng_classen_oviedo_harris_wang-li_2022, title={Impacts of Air Velocity Treatments under Summer Conditions: Part II—Heavy Broiler’s Behavioral Response}, volume={12}, ISSN={2076-2615}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani12091050}, DOI={10.3390/ani12091050}, abstractNote={Broiler chickens exposed to heat stress adapt to various behavioral changes to regulate their comfortable body temperature, which is critical to ensure their performance and welfare. Hence, assessing various behavioral responses in birds when they are subjected to environmental changes can be essential for assessing their welfare under heat-stressed conditions. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of two air velocity (AV) treatments on heavy broilers’ behavioral changes from 43 to 54 days under summer conditions. Two AV treatments (high and low) were applied in six poultry growth chambers with three chambers per treatment and 44 COBB broilers per chamber from 28 to 61 days in the summer of 2019. Three video cameras placed inside each chamber (2.44 m × 2.44 m × 2.44 m in dimension) were used to record the behavior of different undisturbed birds, such as feeding, drinking, resting, standing, walking, panting, etc. The results indicate that the number of chickens feeding, drinking, standing, walking, sitting, wing flapping, and leg stretching changed under AV treatments. High AV increased the number of chickens feeding, standing, and walking. Moreover, a two-way interaction with age and the time of day can affect drinking and panting. This study provides insights into heavy broilers’ behavioral changes under heat-stressed conditions and AV treatments, which will help guide management practices to improve birds’ performance and welfare under commercial conditions in the future.}, number={9}, journal={Animals}, publisher={MDPI AG}, author={Akter, Suraiya and Liu, Yingying and Cheng, Bin and Classen, John and Oviedo, Edgar and Harris, Dan and Wang-Li, Lingjuan}, year={2022}, month={Apr}, pages={1050} }
@article{harris_throckmorton_1994, title={Azimuthal dependence of modal interference in closely spaced single-mode fiber joints}, volume={6}, ISSN={1041-1135 1941-0174}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/68.329649}, DOI={10.1109/68.329649}, abstractNote={We introduce a closed form expression describing modal interference in closely spaced single-mode fiber joint pairs for operation below cutoff wavelength of the intermediate fiber. The expression shows that modal interference is dependent on the cosine of the azimuthal angle between the lateral offsets of the fiber cores at the two joints. This azimuthal dependence is verified experimentally for operation both below and above the intermediate fiber cutoff wavelength. The result suggests that modal interference in field installable fiber-optic connectors incorporating short fiber stubs can be reduced or eliminated through proper tuning of the lateral offset azimuth.< >}, number={10}, journal={IEEE Photonics Technology Letters}, publisher={Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)}, author={Harris, D.O. and Throckmorton, R.A.}, year={1994}, month={Oct}, pages={1235–1237} }
@article{harris_1994, title={Efficient computation of near-field diffraction patterns by means of subsampled convolution [also Erratum 33(4)1368(Apr1994)]}, volume={33}, ISSN={0091-3286}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.149147}, DOI={10.1117/12.149147}, abstractNote={We introduce subsampled convolution and convolution with an aggregate kernel as computationally efficient techniques for discrete convolution of the free-space propagation kernel with generalized and rectangular aperture functions, respectively, in computing near-field diffraction patterns. We develop fast Fourier transform based algorithms for implementing subsampled and aggregate kernel convolution, then demonstrate the memory and execution time economy of these techniques through computational examples.}, number={1}, journal={Optical Engineering}, publisher={SPIE-Intl Soc Optical Eng}, author={Harris, Dan O.}, year={1994}, month={Jan}, pages={175} }
@article{harris_vanderlugt_1992, title={Multichannel acousto-optic crossbar switch with arbitrary signal fan-out}, volume={31}, ISSN={0003-6935 1539-4522}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/ao.31.001684}, DOI={10.1364/ao.31.001684}, abstractNote={We propose an N x N acousto-optic switch architecture capable of arbitrary signal fan-out with O(N logN) hardware complexity. We also investigate the impact of signal fan-out on loss and cross talk.}, number={11}, journal={Applied Optics}, publisher={Optica Publishing Group}, author={Harris, Dan Owen and VanderLugt, A.}, year={1992}, month={Apr}, pages={1684} }
@article{harris_1991, title={Multichannel acousto-optic crossbar switch}, volume={30}, ISSN={0003-6935 1539-4522}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/ao.30.004245}, DOI={10.1364/ao.30.004245}, abstractNote={We analyze an acousto-optic crossbar switch architecture that can be used to implement an N × N point-to-point switch with just N hardware complexity. In our analysis, we determine that insertion loss and cross talk are minimized if we place the output ports in the diffraction far field of the acousto-optic cell. Using this result, we develop an optimum switch design based on Fourier optics: a Fourier transform lens is used both to scale the output beams for efficient coupling to the output ports and to provide a necessary optical fan-in from input to output ports. We demonstrate the performance of switch configurations using single-mode fiber input ports in conjunction with single-mode fiber, multimode fiber, and photodiode output ports.}, number={29}, journal={Applied Optics}, publisher={Optica Publishing Group}, author={Harris, Dan Owen}, year={1991}, month={Oct}, pages={4245} }
@article{harris_vanderlugt_1989, title={Acousto-optic photonic switch}, volume={14}, ISSN={0146-9592 1539-4794}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/ol.14.001177}, DOI={10.1364/ol.14.001177}, abstractNote={An acousto-optic architecture is presented to implement a nonblocking space-division switch with O(N) complexity. Signal degradation is minimal so that the switch is suitable for nonregenerative application within optical networks; it is also capable of rapid reconfiguration. Experiments for a 1 x 4 switch show an insertion loss ranging from 4.6 to 5.6 dB, a worst-case signal-to-cross-talk ratio of better than 30 dB, and a reconfiguration time of 1.46 microsec.}, number={21}, journal={Optics Letters}, publisher={Optica Publishing Group}, author={Harris, Dan Owen and VanderLugt, A.}, year={1989}, month={Nov}, pages={1177} }
@article{harris_jones_1988, title={Baud rate response: characterizing modal dispersion for digital fiber optic systems}, volume={6}, ISSN={0733-8724}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/50.4052}, DOI={10.1109/50.4052}, abstractNote={A method of characterizing modal dispersion in optical fibers, for baseband digital applications, is developed. Pulse distortion due to modal dispersion is simulated using modal transfer functions and pseudorandom pulsetrains. The extent of the distortion at given baud rates is identified with eye diagrams. Received optical power penalties are calculated from eye diagrams for a spectrum of baud rates, resulting in a penalty-versus-baud rate function called a baud rate response (BRR). Three useful parameters are derived from the BRR. The BRR magnitude parameter and shape parameter are used accurately to calculate a fiber's modal-dispersion power penalty for any given baud rate. The maximum baud-rate length product provides a mechanism for specifying modal dispersion quality along fibers.< >}, number={5}, journal={Journal of Lightwave Technology}, publisher={Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)}, author={Harris, D.O. and Jones, J.R.}, year={1988}, month={May}, pages={668–677} }