@article{pultorak_linder_maggi_balakrishnan_breitschwerdt_2015, title={Prevalence of Bartonella spp. in Canine Cutaneous Histiocytoma}, volume={153}, ISSN={0021-9975}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcpa.2015.04.001}, DOI={10.1016/j.jcpa.2015.04.001}, abstractNote={Canine cutaneous histiocytoma (CCH) is a common, benign neoplastic proliferation of histiocytes of Langerhans cell origin that often ulcerate, become secondarily infected and regress spontaneously. Bartonella is a fastidious genus of facultative intracellular pathogens that can be transmitted through arthropod bites and epidermal animal scratches and has been identified previously in the cytoplasm of histiocytes within granulomatous lesions and in skin biopsy samples of inflammatory pustules and papules. Based on the established inflammatory and oncogenic properties of Bartonella, we hypothesized that Bartonella spp. DNA could be amplified from CCH more often than from non-lesional skin and bacteria could be localized within skin tumours using indirect immunofluorescence (IIF). Paraffin wax-embedded surgical biopsy samples from dogs with CCH and non-neoplastic skin adjacent to osteosarcomas (control group selected due to wide surgical margins) were retrieved from the archive of the pathology service of North Carolina State University College of Veterinary Medicine. DNA was extracted and regions of the 16S–23S rRNA intergenic transcribed spacer (ITS) region and the pap31 and gltA genes were amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using Bartonella-specific primers. IIF was performed using a primary Bartonella henselae monoclonal antibody to localize B. henselae in tissues of PCR-positive dogs. Bartonella vinsonii subsp. berkhoffii was amplified from 1/17 (5.8%) control tissues and B. henselae was amplified from 4/29 (13.8%) CCH tissues. The prevalence of B. vinsonii subsp. berkhoffii (P = 0.37) or B. henselae (P = 0.28) did not vary statistically between study groups. B. henselae could be visualized in 2/4 (50.0%) CCH tissues using IIF. Based on this study, Bartonella spp. are unlikely to cause CCH.}, number={1}, journal={Journal of Comparative Pathology}, publisher={Elsevier BV}, author={Pultorak, E.L. and Linder, K. and Maggi, R.G. and Balakrishnan, N. and Breitschwerdt, E.B.}, year={2015}, month={Jul}, pages={14–21} }
 @article{lanza-perea_zieger_qurollo_hegarty_pultorak_kumthekar_bruhl-day_breitschwerdt_2014, title={Intraoperative Bleeding in Dogs from Grenada Seroreactive to Anaplasma platys and Ehrlichia canis}, volume={28}, ISSN={0891-6640}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jvim.12442}, DOI={10.1111/jvim.12442}, abstractNote={BackgroundFrequent exposure of Grenadian dogs to Rhipicephalus sanguineus results in Anaplasma platys, and Ehrlichia canis seroreactivity. During elective surgeries, substantial intraoperative hemorrhage occurs in some seroreactive dogs.}, number={6}, journal={Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine}, publisher={Wiley}, author={Lanza-Perea, M. and Zieger, U. and Qurollo, B.A. and Hegarty, B.C. and Pultorak, E.L. and Kumthekar, S. and Bruhl-Day, R. and Breitschwerdt, E.B.}, year={2014}, month={Oct}, pages={1702–1707} }
 @article{tomas_pultorak_gruen_breitschwerdt_lascelles_2014, title={Relationship Between Degenerative Joint Disease, Pain, and Bartonella spp. Seroreactivity in Domesticated Cats}, volume={29}, ISSN={0891-6640}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jvim.12495}, DOI={10.1111/jvim.12495}, abstractNote={BackgroundRecently, a potential association was identified between Bartonella exposure and arthritides in mammalian species other than cats.}, number={1}, journal={Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine}, publisher={Wiley}, author={Tomas, A. and Pultorak, E.L. and Gruen, M.E. and Breitschwerdt, E.B. and Lascelles, B.D.X.}, year={2014}, month={Oct}, pages={21–27} }
 @article{pultorak_breitschwerdt_2014, title={Survey of veterinarians' perceptions of borreliosis in North Carolina}, volume={244}, ISSN={0003-1488}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.2460/javma.244.5.592}, DOI={10.2460/javma.244.5.592}, abstractNote={Abstract}, number={5}, journal={Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association}, publisher={American Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA)}, author={Pultorak, Elizabeth L. and Breitschwerdt, Edward B.}, year={2014}, month={Mar}, pages={592–596} }
 @article{pérez vera_diniz_pultorak_maggi_breitschwerdt_2013, title={An unmatched case controlled study of clinicopathologic abnormalities in dogs with Bartonella infection}, volume={36}, ISSN={0147-9571}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cimid.2013.04.001}, DOI={10.1016/j.cimid.2013.04.001}, abstractNote={We compared clinicopathologic findings in dogs with Bartonella infection to Bartonella spp. negative dogs suspected of a vector-borne disease. Cases (n = 47) and controls (n = 93) were selected on the basis of positive or negative enrichment culture PCR results, respectively. Signalment, clinicopathologic findings and treatments were extracted from medical records. DNA sequencing identified Bartonella henselae (n = 28, 59.6%), Bartonella vinsonii subsp. berkhoffii (n = 20, 42.6%), Bartonella koehlerae (n = 3, 6.4%), Bartonella volans-like (n = 3, 6.4%) and Bartonella bovis (n = 1, 2.1%). There were no significant differences in age, breed, size, sex or neuter status between cases and controls. Dogs infected with Bartonella sp. often had a history of weight loss [OR = 2.82; 95% CI: 1.08–7.56] and were hypoglobulinemic [OR = 4.26; 95% CI: 1.31–14.41]. With the exception of weight loss and hypoglobulinemia, clinicopathologic abnormalities in Bartonella-infected dogs in this study were similar to dogs suspected of other vector-borne infections.}, number={5}, journal={Comparative Immunology, Microbiology and Infectious Diseases}, publisher={Elsevier BV}, author={Pérez Vera, Cristina and Diniz, Pedro Paulo V.P. and Pultorak, Elizabeth L. and Maggi, Ricardo G. and Breitschwerdt, Edward B.}, year={2013}, month={Sep}, pages={481–487} }
 @article{pultorak_maggi_mascarelli_breitschwerdt_2013, title={Serial Testing from a 3-Day Collection Period by Use of the Bartonella Alphaproteobacteria Growth Medium Platform May Enhance the Sensitivity of Bartonella Species Detection in Bacteremic Human Patients}, volume={51}, ISSN={0095-1137}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/JCM.00123-13}, DOI={10.1128/jcm.00123-13}, abstractNote={ABSTRACT}, number={6}, journal={Journal of Clinical Microbiology}, publisher={American Society for Microbiology}, author={Pultorak, E. L. and Maggi, R. G. and Mascarelli, P. E. and Breitschwerdt, E. B.}, year={2013}, month={Mar}, pages={1673–1677} }