@article{shaw_barrett_schroeder_asmus_ervin_jussaume_coble_2018, title={Critical Next Steps in Combating Herbicide Resistance: Our View}, volume={66}, ISSN={["1550-2759"]}, DOI={10.1017/wsc.2018.42}, abstractNote={We face a wicked challenge. Awareness, communication, and concern about herbicide resistance (HR) have all substantially increased among farmers, their advisers, agrichemical industry representatives}, number={5}, journal={WEED SCIENCE}, author={Shaw, David R. and Barrett, Michael and Schroeder, Jill and Asmus, Amy B. and Ervin, David and Jussaume, Raymond A., Jr. and Coble, Harold}, year={2018}, month={Sep}, pages={559–561} }
 @article{coble_schroeder_2016, title={Call to Action on Herbicide Resistance Management}, volume={64}, ISSN={["1550-2759"]}, DOI={10.1614/ws-d-15-00032.1}, abstractNote={Management of herbicide resistance can be most effectively accomplished if every person and organization involved in agricultural production takes an ownership position and participates in solving the growing problem of weed resistance to herbicides. Growers and other pest management practitioners are keys to effective herbicide resistance management since they make the final decisions on practices used. However, many other people and organizations have an important role to play as well. Agricultural input supply networks, including chemical companies, are a widely used information source for growers' decisions through company marketing efforts. Government agencies may influence decisions through regulations or incentive programs. University scientists through their research, education, and outreach programs may impact management decisions, and organizations such as professional societies, farm and commodity groups, public interest organizations, and the agricultural press play roles as well. It is critically important that all of these groups impacting herbicide resistance management decisions are sending the same message and that message is based on sound science. The time to act is now.}, journal={WEED SCIENCE}, author={Coble, Harold D. and Schroeder, Jill}, year={2016}, pages={661–666} }
 @article{burton_pedersen_coble_2008, title={Effect of Cyclanilide on Auxin Activity}, volume={27}, ISSN={["1435-8107"]}, DOI={10.1007/s00344-008-9062-7}, number={4}, journal={JOURNAL OF PLANT GROWTH REGULATION}, author={Burton, James D. and Pedersen, Marianne K. and Coble, Harold D.}, year={2008}, month={Dec}, pages={342–352} }
 @article{pedersen_burton_coble_2006, title={Effect of cyclanilide, ethephong auxin transport inhibitors, and temperature on whole plant defoliation}, volume={46}, DOI={10.2135/cropsci2005.07.0189}, number={4}, journal={Crop Science}, author={Pedersen, M. K. and Burton, J. D. and Coble, H. D.}, year={2006}, pages={1666–1672} }
 @article{neto_coble_corbin_2000, title={Absorption, translocation, and metabolism of C-14-glufosinate in Xanthium strumarium, Commelina difusa, and Ipomoea purpurea}, volume={48}, DOI={10.1614/0043-1745(2000)048[0171:atamoc]2.0.co;2}, abstractNote={Abstract The absorption, translocation, and metabolism of glufosinate were investigated in three differentially susceptible weeds, Xanthium strumarium (most susceptible), Ipomoea purpurea (intermediate susceptibility), and Commelina diffusa (least susceptible). Xanthium strumarium absorbed about three times more 14C-glufosinate than Ipomoea purpurea and about six times more 14C-glufosinate than Commelina diffusa. Translocation of the applied herbicide out of the treated leaf was low. No evidence of glufosinate metabolism, either in the treated leaves or roots, was found when the extracts were separated by HPLC. Nomenclature: Glufosinate; Xanthium strumarium L. XANST, common cocklebur; Commelina diffusa Burm. f. COMDI, spreading dayflower; Ipomoea purpurea (L.) Roth. PHBPU, tall morningglory.}, number={2}, journal={Weed Science}, author={Neto, F. S. and Coble, H. D. and Corbin, F. T.}, year={2000}, pages={171–175} }
 @article{krueger_wilkerson_coble_gold_2000, title={An economic analysis of binomial sampling for weed scouting}, volume={48}, ISSN={["1550-2759"]}, DOI={10.1614/0043-1745(2000)048[0053:AEAOBS]2.0.CO;2}, abstractNote={Abstract Full-count random sampling has been the traditional method of obtaining weed densities. Currently it is the recommended scouting procedure when using HERB, a herbicide selection decision aid. However, alternative methods of scouting that are quicker and more economical need to be investigated. One possibility that has been considered is binomial sampling. Binomial sampling is the procedure by which density is estimated from the number of random quadrats in which the count of individuals is equal to or less than a specified cutoff value. This sampling method has been widely used for insect scouting. There has also been interest in using binomial sampling for weed scouting. However, an economic analysis of this sampling method for weeds has not been performed. In this paper, the results of an economic analysis using simulations with binomial sampling and the HERB model are presented. Full-count sampling was included in the simulations to provide a benchmark for comparison. The comparison was made in terms of economic losses incurred when the estimated weed density obtained from sampling was inaccurate and a herbicide treatment was selected that did not maximize profits. These types of losses are referred to as opportunity losses. The opportunity losses obtained from the simulations indicate that in some situations binomial sampling may be a viable economic alternative to full-count sampling for fields with weed populations that follow a negative binomial distribution, assuming no prior knowledge of weed densities or negative binomial k values. Nomenclature: Glycine max, soybeans.}, number={1}, journal={WEED SCIENCE}, author={Krueger, DW and Wilkerson, GG and Coble, HD and Gold, HJ}, year={2000}, pages={53–60} }
 @article{summerlin_coble_yelverton_2000, title={Effect of mowing on perennial sedges}, volume={48}, ISSN={["0043-1745"]}, DOI={10.1614/0043-1745(2000)048[0501:EOMOPS]2.0.CO;2}, abstractNote={Abstract Field studies were conducted in 1996 and 1997 to determine the response of Cyperus rotundus and Cyperus esculentus, Kyllinga brevifolia, and Kyllinga gracillima to mowing regimens common to recreational turfgrass. Treatments were selected to simulate Cynodon dactylon golf course management and included mowing at 1.3 and 3.8 cm with mowing frequencies of three times per week and once a week, respectively. A nonmowed check was included for comparison. Reductions in C. rotundus shoot number were observed beginning 6 wk after initial treatment (WAIT) in 1996 and 9 WAIT in 1997 for the 1.3-cm mowing regime. The 3.8-cm mowing regime did not reduce C. rotundus shoot number until the final evaluation of each year. Reductions in C. rotundus rhizome length, tuber number, and tuber size were observed for both mowing regimes in both years. Cyperus esculentus shoot number was reduced by the 1.3-cm treatment at each evaluation date in 1996 and 1997. Cyperus esculentus shoot number reductions in the 3.8-cm regime were first observed 4 and 6 WAIT in the 2 yr and continued until termination. The 1.3-cm regime reduced C. esculentus spread beginning 6 WAIT in 1996 and 3 WAIT in 1997. Cyperus esculentus spread was also reduced by the 3.8-cm treatment, but reduction began at later evaluations (8 and 9 WAIT). Tuber production by C. esculentus was completely inhibited by the two mowing regimes in both years. The only treatment effect observed in K. brevifolia and K. gracillima in 1996 was a reduction in internode length of K. gracillima by the 1.3-cm mowing regime. In 1997, the 1.3-cm regime reduced K. brevifolia shoot number at 15 and 18 WAIT and plant spread beginning 6 WAIT and continuing until termination. The 3.8-cm treatment did not affect K. brevifolia shoot number and reductions in spread were only observed at the final evaluation. Kyllinga gracillima shoot number and plant spread were reduced by the 1.3-cm mowing regime at each 1997 evaluation. Reductions in K. gracillima shoot number occurred at the final evaluation, and reductions in spread began 12 WAIT when subjected to the 3.8-cm treatment. Both mowing regimes reduced K. brevifolia and K. gracillima internode length. Kyllinga brevifolia total rhizome length and total node number were reduced by the 1.3-cm regime only. Kyllinga gracillima rhizome length, internode length, and node number were reduced by both regimes in 1997. Nomenclature:Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers., bermudagrass; Cyperus rotundus L. CYPRO, purple nutsedge; Cyperus esculentus L. CYPES, yellow nutsedge; Kyllinga brevifolia Rottb. KYLBR, green kyllinga; Kyllinga gracillima Miq. KYLGR, false green kyllinga.}, number={4}, journal={WEED SCIENCE}, author={Summerlin, JR and Coble, HD and Yelverton, FH}, year={2000}, pages={501–507} }
 @article{call_coble_perez-fernandez_2000, title={Tropical soda apple (Solanum viarum) herbicide susceptibility and competitiveness in tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea)}, volume={14}, ISSN={["0890-037X"]}, DOI={10.1614/0890-037x(2000)014[0252:tsasvh]2.0.co;2}, abstractNote={Abstract: Tropical soda apple (TSA) was evaluated for response to 28 herbicide treatments. Treatments containing picloram or triclopyr controlled eight-leaf, 16-leaf, and 1-yr-old TSA greater than 90% 8 wk after treatment (WAT). Control of 1-yr-old TSA did not increase 8 WAT when triclopyr was mixed in diesel fuel rather than water. In greenhouse additive interference experiments, populations of 0, 1, 2, 4, 8, 16, 32, and 64 TSA plants/700 cm2 of tall fescue had no effect on tall fescue height. TSA height was affected by TSA population, and intraspecific TSA competition was expressed as etiolation at densities greater than 4 plants/700 cm2. Averaged over five periods of competition, predicted yield losses of tall fescue were 14, 16, 29, and 31% and 1, 11, 19, and 23% for 8, 16, 32, and 64 TSA plants/700 cm2, respectively, for each experiment. Differences in tall fescue dry matter response between experiments were attributed to ambient temperature. Dry matter per individual TSA plant decreased from 1.7 to 0.3 g as TSA density increased from 1 to 64 plants/700 cm2. Percent canopy coverage of TSA relative to an area of 700-cm2 surface increased proportionally as tall fescue coverage decreased. After 10 wk of competition, TSA monopolized the canopy with coverage of 92 and 94%; tall fescue coverage was limited to only 7 and 5% in experiments I and II, respectively. Nomenclature: Picloram, 4-amino-3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridinecarboxylic acid; triclopyr, [(3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridinyl)oxy]acetic acid; tropical soda apple, Solanum viarum Dunal #3 SOLVI; tall fescue, Festuca arundinacea Schreb. # FESAR ‘Kentucky 31.’ Additional index words: Additive competitive design, chemical control, herbicides, weed density, Solanum khasianum C. B. Clarke var. chatterjeeanum Sengupta, SOLVI. Abbreviations: TSA, tropical soda apple; WAT, weeks after treatment; WATP, weeks after transplanting.}, number={2}, journal={WEED TECHNOLOGY}, author={Call, NM and Coble, HD and Perez-Fernandez, T}, year={2000}, pages={252–260} }
 @article{wright_coble_raper_rufty_1999, title={Comparative responses of soybean (Glycine max), sicklepod (Senna obtusifolia), and Palmer amaranth (Amaranthus palmeri) to root zone and aerial temperatures}, volume={47}, number={2}, journal={Weed Science}, author={Wright, S. R. and Coble, H. D. and Raper, C. D. and Rufty, T. W.}, year={1999}, pages={167–174} }
 @article{warren_coble_1999, title={Managing purple nutsedge (Cyperus rotundus) populations utilizing herbicide strategies and crop rotation sequences}, volume={13}, ISSN={["1550-2740"]}, DOI={10.1017/s0890037x00046091}, abstractNote={Field experiments were conducted in North Carolina from 1994 through 1998 to evaluate the effects of five weed management strategies and four corn (Zeamays)–peanut (Arachis hypogaea) rotation sequences on purple nutsedge (Cyperus rotundus) population development. Effects of these weed management programs on cotton (Gossypium hirsutum) and peanut production in following years were also investigated. Herbicide programs included a nontreated control, a carbamothioate preplant incorporated (PPI) combination treatment utilizing vernolate in peanut and butylate in corn, an early postemergence (EPOST) acetolactate synthase (ALS) inhibitor combination treatment utilizing imazapic in peanut and halosulfuron in corn, and EPOST treatments of imazapic and imazethapyr in both peanut and imidazolinone-resistant corn. Crop rotation sequences for the 3 yr included continuous corn (CCC), corn–peanut–corn (CPC), peanut–corn–peanut (PCP), and continuous peanut (PPP). The imazapic and ALS inhibitor combination treatments both provided excellent shoot and tuber control. After 3 yr, imazapic and the ALS inhibitor combination treatment reduced shoot and tuber population densities to less than 10% of the nontreated control. Imazethapyr provided variable but better control than the carbamothioate treatment with tuber densities (measured from 0 to 15 cm soil depth) and shoot densities increasing from 733 to 2,901 tubers/m3of soil and 16 to 43 shoots/m2, respectively, after 3 yr. Tuber densities increased in the nontreated control from 626 to 9,145 tubers/m3of soil and from 962 to 5,466 tubers/m3of soil in the carbamothioate treatment during this same period. Also, shoot densities increased in the nontreated control from 22 to 159 shoots/m2and from 8 to 92 shoots/m2in the carbamothioate treatment. There was a 31% peanut yield reduction from 1994 to 1996 when peanut was continuously planted or rotated to corn for only 1 yr. Herbicide carryover effects were not observed in cotton during 1997.}, number={3}, journal={WEED TECHNOLOGY}, author={Warren, LS and Coble, HD}, year={1999}, pages={494–503} }
 @article{wright_jennette_coble_rufty_1999, title={Root morphology of young Glycine max, Senna obtusifolia, and Amaranthus palmeri}, volume={47}, number={6}, journal={Weed Science}, author={Wright, S. R. and Jennette, M. W. and Coble, H. D. and Rufty, T. W.}, year={1999}, pages={706–711} }
 @article{koenning_coble_bradley_barker_schmitt_1998, title={Effects of a low rate, of aldicarb on soybean and associated pest interactions in fields infested with Heterodera glycines}, volume={28}, number={2}, journal={Nematropica}, author={Koenning, S. R. and Coble, H. D. and Bradley, J. R. and Barker, K. R. and Schmitt, D. P.}, year={1998}, pages={205–211} }
 @article{kalaher_coble_1998, title={Fruit abscission and yield response of Roundup-Ready cotton to topical applications of glyphosate}, volume={1}, number={1998}, journal={Beltwide Cotton Conferences. Proceedings}, author={Kalaher, C. J. and Coble, H. D.}, year={1998}, pages={849} }
 @article{impact of mowing on growth and spread of green kyllinga (kyllinga brevifolia) and yellow nutsedge (cyperus esculentus)_1998, volume={51}, number={1998}, journal={Proceedings, Southern Weed Science Society}, year={1998}, pages={70–71} }
 @article{perez-fernandez_coble_1998, title={Italian ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam.) response to residual phosphorus levels in winter wheat}, volume={51}, number={1998}, journal={Proceedings, Southern Weed Science Society}, author={Perez-Fernandez, T.M. and Coble, H.D.}, year={1998}, pages={244} }
 @article{coble_1998, title={My view}, volume={46}, number={5}, journal={Weed Science}, author={Coble, H. D.}, year={1998}, pages={509} }
 @article{call_coble_1998, title={Phosphorus effects on tropical soda apple (Solanum viarum Dunal) growth and development}, volume={51}, number={1998}, journal={Proceedings, Southern Weed Science Society}, author={Call, N. M. and Coble, H. D.}, year={1998}, pages={244–245} }
 @article{jordan_coble_brandenburg_bailey_1998, title={Relationship of weed populations and herb in selected North Carolina peanut fields}, volume={51}, number={1998}, journal={Proceedings, Southern Weed Science Society}, author={Jordan, D. L. and Coble, H. D. and Brandenburg, R. L. and Bailey, J. E.}, year={1998}, pages={215–216} }
 @article{krueger_coble_wilkerson_1998, title={Software for mapping and analyzing weed distributions: gWeedMap}, volume={90}, ISSN={["1435-0645"]}, DOI={10.2134/agronj1998.00021962009000040018x}, abstractNote={Abstract}, number={4}, journal={AGRONOMY JOURNAL}, author={Krueger, DW and Coble, HD and Wilkerson, GG}, year={1998}, pages={552–556} }
 @article{the effect of paclobutrazol on the relative growth of annual bluegrass and creeping bentgrass_1998, volume={51}, number={1998}, journal={Proceedings, Southern Weed Science Society}, year={1998}, pages={248} }
 @article{webster_coble_1997, title={Changes in the weed species composition of the southern United States: 1974 to 1995}, volume={11}, ISSN={["0890-037X"]}, DOI={10.1017/s0890037x00043001}, abstractNote={The Southern Weed Science Society has conducted an annual survey of the most troublesome weeds in several major crops since 1971. The objective of this summary was to characterize shifts in weed populations over a 22-yr period in four major agronomic crops. For corn, soybean, cotton, and peanut, the largest increases in rank as the most troublesome weeds were found with sicklepod and bermudagrass. The largest decreases were found with johnsongrass, crab-grasses, and common cocklebur. Morningglories and nutsedges remained relatively constant weed problems over the 22-yr period. Sicklepod, nutsedges, and morningglories were the three most troublesome weeds averaged over all crops because they are so well established and relatively difficult to control. Pigweeds (Palmer amaranth, sandhills amaranth, tumble pigweed, and water-hemps) have become increasingly important in soybean, peanut, and cotton in a limited number of states.}, number={2}, journal={WEED TECHNOLOGY}, author={Webster, TM and Coble, HD}, year={1997}, pages={308–317} }
 @article{pedersen_burton_coble_collins_fritz_1997, title={Efficacy of finish and its mechanism of action}, volume={2}, number={1997}, journal={Beltwide Cotton Conferences. Proceedings}, author={Pedersen, M.K. and Burton, J.D. and Coble, H.D. and Collins, J.R. and Fritz, D.}, year={1997}, pages={1363–1365} }
 @article{webster_wilcut_coble_1997, title={Influence of AC 263,222 rate and application method on weed management in peanut (Arachis hypogaea)}, volume={11}, ISSN={["0890-037X"]}, DOI={10.1017/s0890037x00045358}, abstractNote={Experiments were conducted in 1991 and 1992 to evaluate the weed control effectiveness from several rates of AC 263,222 applied PPI and PRE (36 and 72 g ai/ha), early POST (EPOST) (18, 36, 54, or 72 g/ha), POST (18, 36, 54, or 72 g/ha), and EPOST followed by (fb) POST (27 fb 27 g/ha or 36 fb 36 g/ha). These treatments were compared to the commercial standard of bentazon at 0.28 kg ai/ha plus paraquat at 0.14 kg ai/ha EPOST fb bentazon at 0.56 kg/ha plus paraquat at 0.14 kg/ha plus 2,4-DB at 0.28 kg ae/ha. Application method had little effect on weed control with AC 263,222. In contrast, application rate affected control. Purple nutsedge, yellow nutsedge, prickly sida, smallflower morningglory, bristly starbur, common cocklebur, and coffee senna were controlled at least 82% with AC 263,222 at 36 g/ha (one-half the maximum registered use rate) regardless of application method. AC 263,222 at 72 g/ha (registered use rate) controlled sicklepod 84 to 93%, Florida beggarweed 65 to 100%, andIpomoeamorningglory species 89 to 99%. A single application of AC 263,222 at 36 g/ha or more controlled all weeds (with the exception of Florida beggarweed) as well or greater than sequential applications of bentazon plus paraquat fb bentazon, paraquat, and 2,4-DB. All rates of AC 263,222 applied POST and all application methods of AC 263,222 at 72 g/ha had better yields than the pendimethalin control.}, number={3}, journal={WEED TECHNOLOGY}, author={Webster, TM and Wilcut, JW and Coble, HD}, year={1997}, pages={520–526} }
 @article{zasada_linker_coble_1997, title={Initial weed densities affect no-tillage weed management with a rye (Secale cereale) cover crop}, volume={11}, ISSN={["0890-037X"]}, DOI={10.1017/s0890037x00045279}, abstractNote={The objective of this research was to evaluate the influence of different initial weed densities on weed control effectiveness in no-tillage corn at two locations in North Carolina during 1994 and 1995. Different weed densities were established over a 4-year period (1989–1992) by using various weed management strategies. Resultant density levels were estimated and used to establish high and low weed density plots. Treatments applied were PRE, POST, at-planting, and an untreated control. Weed density estimates were made 37 and 57 DAP. Common lambsquarters at low densities (20 to 40 weeds/m2) was controlled with the cover crop alone, but common lambsquarters at high densities (150 to 170 weeds/m2) and redroot pigweed at any density were not controlled. POST herbicides reduced weed densities as well as the PRE herbicides, regardless of initial weed densities.}, number={3}, journal={WEED TECHNOLOGY}, author={Zasada, IA and Linker, HM and Coble, HD}, year={1997}, pages={473–477} }
 @article{ma_coble_corbin_burton_1997, title={Physiological mechanisms for differential responses of three weed species to Prosulfuron}, volume={45}, number={5}, journal={Weed Science}, author={Ma, G.-Y. and Coble, H. D. and Corbin, F. T. and Burton, J. D.}, year={1997}, pages={642–647} }
 @article{webster_coble_1997, title={Purple nutsedge (Cyperus rotundus) management in corn (Zea mays) and cotton (Gossypium hirsutum) rotations}, volume={11}, ISSN={["0890-037X"]}, DOI={10.1017/s0890037x00045395}, abstractNote={A field study was conducted in 1994 and 1995 to determine the effect of MON 12037, linuron, and ametryn on purple nutsedge density in field corn in a 2-yr rotation with cotton. Each corn treatment included cultivation and noncultivation. A standard treatment for purple nutsedge control was applied to all cotton plots in the second season of the corn–cotton rotation. Purple nutsedge shoot densities were reduced in cultivated MON 12037, noncultivated MON 12037, and cultivated ametryn in the corn–corn and corn–cotton rotations. Purple nutsedge tuber population was reduced in the corn–corn rotation by MON 12037 with and without cultivation, cultivated linuron, and cultivated ametryn treatments relative to the noncultivated check. In the corn–cotton rotation, purple nutsedge tuber population was reduced only by the cultivated MON 12037 and cultivated ametryn treatments relative to the noncultivated check.}, number={3}, journal={WEED TECHNOLOGY}, author={Webster, TM and Coble, HD}, year={1997}, pages={543–548} }
 @article{white_coble_1997, title={Validation of HERB for use in peanut (Arachis hypogaea)}, volume={11}, ISSN={["0890-037X"]}, DOI={10.1017/s0890037x00045449}, abstractNote={Researchers are currently developing predictive weed management models to aid producers in maintaining or improving economic profitability of peanut production while minimizing herbicide inputs and reducing environmental impact. HERB (Version 2.1.P), a computer decision model, has recently been developed for peanut and is now awaiting validation of weed control decisions before being released to the public. Field validation trials in 1994 and 1995 indicate that the current competitive index parameters in the HERB model are invalid, and statistically estimated competitive indices were generated. Estimating new parameters improvedR2values from 0.37 to 0.61. New competitive index parameters allow the HERB model to more accurately predict the level of yield loss at a given weed density.}, number={3}, journal={WEED TECHNOLOGY}, author={White, AD and Coble, HD}, year={1997}, pages={573–579} }