@article{herrod_avelino_schonvisky_lynch_hutchinson_izzi_2021, title={The use of midazolam as an appetite stimulant and anxiolytic in the common marmoset (Callithrix jacchus)}, ISSN={["1600-0684"]}, DOI={10.1111/jmp.12534}, abstractNote={AbstractBackgroundFood avoidance secondary to disease or stress can lead to weight loss and rapid deterioration of clinical condition in the common marmoset (Callithrix jacchus). Currently, there are no data supporting the use of any pharmaceuticals as an appetite stimulant in this species; however, benzodiazepines are frequently used for this purpose in other species.MethodsSix marmosets were used in a crossover study design to evaluate the benzodiazepine midazolam as an appetite stimulant and anxiolytic. Total food intake (TFI) and latency to eat (LTE) were measured following administration of oral and injectable midazolam in non‐anxious and anxious states.ResultsInjectable midazolam increased TFI and decreased LTE in anxious marmosets, but had no effect in non‐anxious animals. Oral midazolam had no effect on appetite in either state.ConclusionsInjectable midazolam may be an effective treatment for anxiety‐induced inappetence in marmosets. Individual response to both oral and injectable midazolam may vary.}, journal={JOURNAL OF MEDICAL PRIMATOLOGY}, author={Herrod, Jessica Ann and Avelino, Janelle Arcey and Schonvisky, Kayla Marie and Lynch, Jessica Kay and Hutchinson, Eric Kenneth and Izzi, Jessica Marie}, year={2021}, month={Jul} }
 @article{mowat_avelino_bowyer_parslow_westermeyer_foster_fogle_bizikova_2020, title={Detection of circulating anti-retinal antibodies in dogs with sudden acquired retinal degeneration syndrome using indirect immunofluorescence: A case control study}, volume={193}, ISSN={["1096-0007"]}, DOI={10.1016/j.exer.2020.107989}, abstractNote={Sudden acquired retinal degeneration syndrome (SARDS) in dogs is proposed to have an immune-mediated etiology. However, there is conflicting evidence regarding the presence of antiretinal antibodies, as assessed by western blotting, in the serum of SARDS patients. Because of the possibility that antibodies recognize only conformational epitopes, we hypothesized that a more sensitive method to investigate circulating retinal autoantibodies in SARDS is immunofluorescence. Sera from 14 dogs with early SARDS, and 14 age- and breed-matched healthy control dogs were screened for circulating antiretinal IgG, IgM, IgE and IgA using indirect immunofluorescence on lightly fixed frozen sections of normal canine retina. Controls without canine serum were also performed. A nuclear counterstain was used to identify cellular retinal layers. Images were obtained using a fluorescence microscope, and 2-3 separate masked observers graded retinal layers for fluorescence staining intensity using a 0-3 scale. Total circulating IgG and IgM was assessed by radial immunodiffusion. Statistical analysis was performed using 2-way ANOVA, paired 2-tailed student's t-test and correlation analysis. Intensity of IgG staining of photoreceptor outer segments was significantly higher using serum from dogs with SARDS compared with healthy controls in 2/3 observers (P < 0.05). Intensity of IgM staining throughout the retina was higher in SARDS dogs compared to matched healthy controls (P < 0.0001), although no specific retinal layer was statistically significant. There were no differences in staining intensity for IgE or IgA. Dogs with SARDS had a comparably lower circulating IgG and higher IgM than healthy controls (P = 0.01 and 0.001 respectively) and IgG and IgM were negatively correlated (r = -0.69, P = 0.007). Despite having decreased serum IgG compared with healthy controls, circulating IgG in dogs with SARDS binds photoreceptor outer segments to a greater extent. Dogs with SARDS have a relatively higher circulating IgM than matched healthy controls. The pathogenic nature of these antibodies is unknown.}, journal={EXPERIMENTAL EYE RESEARCH}, author={Mowat, Freya M. and Avelino, Janelle and Bowyer, Ashley and Parslow, Vanessa and Westermeyer, Hans D. and Foster, Melanie L. and Fogle, Jonathan E. and Bizikova, Petra}, year={2020}, month={Apr} }