@article{imtiaz_middleton_chakraborty_robson_bai_murphy-hill_2019, title={Investigating the Effects of Gender Bias on GitHub}, ISSN={["0270-5257"]}, DOI={10.1109/ICSE.2019.00079}, abstractNote={Diversity, including gender diversity, is valued by many software development organizations, yet the field remains dominated by men. One reason for this lack of diversity is gender bias. In this paper, we study the effects of that bias by using an existing framework derived from the gender studies literature.We adapt the four main effects proposed in the framework by posing hypotheses about how they might manifest on GitHub,then evaluate those hypotheses quantitatively. While our results how that effects of gender bias are largely invisible on the GitHub platform itself, there are still signals of women concentrating their work in fewer places and being more restrained in communication than men.}, journal={2019 IEEE/ACM 41ST INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON SOFTWARE ENGINEERING (ICSE 2019)}, author={Imtiaz, Nasif and Middleton, Justin and Chakraborty, Joymallya and Robson, Neill and Bai, Gina and Murphy-Hill, Emerson}, year={2019}, pages={700–711} }
 @article{imtiaz_middleton_girouard_murphy-hill_2018, title={Sentiment and Politeness Analysis Tools on Developer Discussions Are Unreliable, but so Are People}, DOI={10.1145/3194932.3194938}, abstractNote={Many software engineering researchers use sentiment and politeness analysis tools to study the emotional environment within collaborative software development. However, papers that use these tools rarely establish their reliability. In this paper, we evaluate popular existing tools for sentiment and politeness detection over a dataset of 589 manually rated GitHub comments that represent developer discussions. We also develop a coding scheme on how to quantify politeness for conversational texts found on collaborative platforms. We find that not only do the tools have a low agreement with human ratings on sentiment and politeness, human raters also have a low agreement among themselves.}, journal={2018 IEEE/ACM 3RD INTERNATIONAL WORKSHOP ON EMOTION AWARENESS IN SOFTWARE ENGINEERING (SEMOTION)}, author={Imtiaz, Nasif and Middleton, Justin and Girouard, Peter and Murphy-Hill, Emerson}, year={2018}, pages={55–61} }
 @article{middleton_murphy-hill_green_meade_mayer_white_mcdonald_2018, title={Which Contributions Predict Whether Developers Are Accepted Into GitHub Teams}, ISSN={["2160-1852"]}, DOI={10.1145/3196398.3196429}, abstractNote={Open-source software (OSS) often evolves from volunteer contributions, so OSS development teams must cooperate with their communities to attract new developers. However, in view of the myriad ways that developers interact over platforms for OSS development, observers of these communities may have trouble discerning, and thus learning from, the successful patterns of developer-to-team interactions that lead to eventual team acceptance. In this work, we study project communities on GitHub to discover which forms of software contribution characterize developers who begin as development team outsiders and eventually join the team, in contrast to developers who remain team outsiders. From this, we identify and compare the forms of contribution, such as pull requests and several forms of discussion comments, that influence whether new developers join OSS teams, and we discuss the implications that these behavioral patterns have for the focus of designers and educators.}, journal={2018 IEEE/ACM 15TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON MINING SOFTWARE REPOSITORIES (MSR)}, author={Middleton, Justin and Murphy-Hill, Emerson and Green, Demetrius and Meade, Adam and Mayer, Roger and White, David and McDonald, Steve}, year={2018}, pages={403–413} }
 @article{terrell_kofink_middleton_rainear_murphy-hill_parnin_stallings_2017, title={Gender differences and bias in open source: pull request acceptance of women versus men}, journal={PeerJ Computer Science}, author={Terrell, J. and Kofink, A. and Middleton, J. and Rainear, C. and Murphy-Hill, E. and Parnin, C. and Stallings, J.}, year={2017} }
 @article{barik_pandita_middleton_murphy-hill_2016, title={Designing for Dystopia Software Engineering Research for the Post-apocalypse}, DOI={10.1145/2950290.2983986}, abstractNote={Software engineering researchers have a tendency to be optimistic about the future. Though useful, optimism bias bolsters unrealistic expectations towards desirable outcomes. We argue that explicitly framing software engineering research through pessimistic futures, or dystopias, will mitigate optimism bias and engender more diverse and thought-provoking research directions. We demonstrate through three pop culture dystopias, Battlestar Galactica, Fallout 3, and Children of Men, how reflecting on dystopian scenarios provides research opportunities as well as implications, such as making research accessible to non-experts, that are relevant to our present.}, journal={FSE'16: PROCEEDINGS OF THE 2016 24TH ACM SIGSOFT INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON FOUNDATIONS OF SOFTWARE ENGINEERING}, author={Barik, Titus and Pandita, Rahul and Middleton, Justin and Murphy-Hill, Emerson}, year={2016}, pages={924–927} }
 @article{middleton_murphy-hill_2016, title={Perquimans: A Tool for Visualizing Patterns of Spreadsheet Function Combinations}, DOI={10.1109/vissoft.2016.27}, abstractNote={Spreadsheet environments offer many functions to manipulate data, which users can combine into complex formulae. However, for both researchers and practitioners who want to study formulae to improve spreadsheet practices, anticipating these combinations is difficult. Therefore, we developed Perquimans, a tool that analyzes spreadsheet collections to visualize patterns of function combination as an interactive tree, representing both the most common and most anomalous patterns of formula construction and their contexts. Using spreadsheets from the Enron corpus, we conduct a case study and a user study to explore Perquimans' various applications, such as those in flexible smell detection and spreadsheet education.}, journal={2016 IEEE WORKING CONFERENCE ON SOFTWARE VISUALIZATION}, author={Middleton, Justin and Murphy-Hill, Emerson}, year={2016}, pages={51–60} }