@article{li_huang_bhattacharya_jing_2010, title={Application of Active NPC Converter on Generator Side for MW Direct-driven Wind Turbine}, ISSN={["1048-2334"]}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-77952213746&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, DOI={10.1109/apec.2010.5433381}, abstractNote={3L-NPC topology is usually used in MW wind turbine (WT) systems with full-scale converter configuration. However, due to its drawback of unequal device loss distribution, the converter rated power, and thus the WT unit capacity is limited. Moreover, in cased of device failure in generator converter, in order to protect the WT system, the converter has to shut down to disconnect the WT. This paper presents the application of active NPC (ANPC) converter on generator side. Loss-balancing schemes are discussed, and thermal performance of NPC and ANPC generator converters are compared. Also, the control scheme of generator converter under single device failure condition is proposed to maintain the WT in service and continue to provide real power, which brings benefits in the reliable and economic aspects to the WT system. Simulation results are provided to validate the proposed control methods.}, journal={2010 TWENTY-FIFTH ANNUAL IEEE APPLIED POWER ELECTRONICS CONFERENCE AND EXPOSITION (APEC)}, author={Li, Jun and Huang, Alex Q. and Bhattacharya, Subhashish and Jing, Wei}, year={2010}, pages={1010–1017} }
 @misc{li_yim_mcnelis_2010, title={Model-based calculations of the probability of a country's nuclear proliferation decisions}, volume={52}, ISSN={["0149-1970"]}, DOI={10.1016/j.pnucene.2010.07.001}, abstractNote={Abstract This paper presents an attempt to project a country’s nuclear proliferation-related behaviors by using quantitative models with the use of open source information. The approach is based on the combined use of data on a country’s economic status, security environment, political development, nuclear technological capability, and commitment to nuclear nonproliferation. Projections of country’s proliferation-related behaviors were made by using the multinomial logit regression and the Weibull and Cox event history modeling for 189 countries. Results from the developed models were compared with the historical records from 1945 through 2000 with respect to “explore”, “pursue”, and “acquire” decisions. Overall, this study indicated that quantitative models could be useful in providing warnings against potential nuclear proliferation attempts. Key variables of importance in quantitative modeling of proliferation-related behaviors were identified and discussed.}, number={8}, journal={PROGRESS IN NUCLEAR ENERGY}, author={Li, Jun and Yim, Man-Sung and McNelis, David N.}, year={2010}, month={Nov}, pages={789–808} }
 @article{li_scopatz_yim_schneider_2010, title={The sensitivity of fuel cycle performance to separation efficiency}, volume={240}, ISSN={["0029-5493"]}, DOI={10.1016/j.nucengdes.2009.02.004}, abstractNote={Reprocessing separation efficiency is a major design variable in the implementation of advanced fuel cycles as it affects waste disposal requirements, fuel fabrication, system economics, and other fuel cycle system characteristics. Using a newly developed, physics-based integrated fuel cycle systems analysis model, this study investigated the impact of varying reprocessing separation efficiencies on fuel cycle cost (FCC), proliferation resistance and repository impact. Repository impact was captured by the disposal facility capacity governed by thermal output, the projected dose rate, mass inventory, and waste toxicity index. The coupled systems analysis model included fast reactor simulation tool to analyze the depletion in the fast reactor and the requirements for the fresh fuel in transient and equilibrium states. In this calculation, the feedback between separation efficiencies and fresh and discharged fuel compositions was dynamically accounted for. The new systems model was benchmarked against published results and used to investigate a single-tier nuclear fuel cycle scenario in which light water reactors (LWRs) and 0.5 transuranic (TRU) conversion ratio (CR) sodium-cooled fast reactors are deployed in an equilibrium that results in zero net TRU production. The results indicated that fuel cycle system performance is significantly affected by the changes in partitioning strategies and elemental separation efficiency in reprocessing plants. Moreover, the effect of varying separation efficiencies on reactor performance, fuel cycle mass balances and economic performance are discussed.}, number={3}, journal={NUCLEAR ENGINEERING AND DESIGN}, author={Li, Jun and Scopatz, Anthony and Yim, Man-Sung and Schneider, Erich}, year={2010}, month={Mar}, pages={511–523} }
 @article{wang_zhou_li_zhao_huang_callanan_husna_agarwal_2009, title={10-kV SiC MOSFET-Based Boost Converter}, volume={45}, ISSN={["1939-9367"]}, DOI={10.1109/tia.2009.2031915}, abstractNote={10-kV silicon carbide (SiC) MOSFETs are currently being developed by a number of organizations in the U.S. with prospective applications in high-voltage and high-frequency power-electronic systems. The aim of this paper is to demonstrate the high-frequency and high-temperature capability of 10-kV SiC MOSFETs in the application of a dc/dc boost converter. In this study, 10-kV SiC MOSFET and junction barrier Schottky (JBS) diode were characterized and modeled in SPICE. Following this, a dc/dc boost converter based on a 10-kV 10-A MOSFET and a 10-kV 5-A JBS diode was designed and tested under continuous operation for frequencies up to 25 kHz. The boost converter had an output voltage of 4 kV, an output power of 4 kW, and operated with a junction temperature of 174degC for the SiC MOSFET. The fast-switching speed, low losses, and high-temperature operation capability of 10-kV SiC MOSFETs demonstrated in the dc/dc boost converter make them attractive for high-frequency and high-voltage power-conversion applications.}, number={6}, journal={IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON INDUSTRY APPLICATIONS}, author={Wang, Jun and Zhou, Xiaohu and Li, Jun and Zhao, Tiefu and Huang, Alex Q. and Callanan, Robert and Husna, Fatima and Agarwal, Anant}, year={2009}, pages={2056–2063} }
 @inproceedings{li_huang_jing_2009, title={7MVA ETO Light NPC converter for multi-MW direct-driven wind turbine application}, DOI={10.1109/pemwa.2009.5208382}, abstractNote={Direct-driven wind turbine with a PM generator and a full-scale converter is considered to be a preferred solution for wind power generation, especially for offshore application. As the power ratings of wind turbines increase to MW level, medium voltage converter becomes more competitive. The emitter turn-off (ETO) thyristor is a novel semiconductor device that is suitable for high power applications. This paper proposes a 7MVA ETO Light neutral-point-clamped (NPC) converter as the utility interface for direct-driven large wind turbine application. The converter hardware configuration, the component selection and design are presented. The thermal characteristics and performance of the proposed converter are analyzed in detail.}, booktitle={2009 IEEE power Electronics and Machines in Wind Applications}, author={Li, J. and Huang, A. Q. and Jing, W.}, year={2009}, pages={36–42} }
 @inproceedings{li_liu_bhattacharya_huang_2009, title={An optimum PWM strategy for 5-level active NPC (ANPC) converter based on real-time solution for THD minimization}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-72449155137&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, DOI={10.1109/ecce.2009.5316229}, abstractNote={The recently introduced active NPC (ANPC) converter is becoming an attractive topology of multilevel converter family. This paper presents the analysis of the 5-level ANPC converter with an optimum PWM strategy to achieve the minimized total harmonic distortion (THD) for high power or high frequency applications. Instead of relying on the conventional look-up table based on off-line calculated solutions, the switching angles of the optimum PWM are calculated through a real-time algorithm, which is time-efficient and therefore easy to implement in real-time by digital processors. The control scheme of balancing the floating capacitors voltages is also proposed. Simulation results verify the performance of the proposed strategies.}, booktitle={2009 IEEE Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition, ECCE 2009}, author={Li, J. and Liu, Y. and Bhattacharya, Subhashish and Huang, A.Q.}, year={2009}, pages={1976–1982} }
 @inproceedings{li_huang_bhattacharya_lukic_2009, title={ETO Light multilevel converters for large electric vehicle and hybrid electric vehicle drives}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-72149086393&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, DOI={10.1109/vppc.2009.5289513}, abstractNote={multilevel converters are very popular for high power AC drives to meet the power demands for large electric/hybrid electric vehicles. Emitter Turn-off (ETO) thyristor is one of the present state-of-the-art high power semiconductor devices. The newest version of ETO (Gen-4 ETO) is more intelligent and reliable. Packed with advanced features as well as superior performance, ETO device and ETO-based power converters are very attractive for large electric drives. This paper presents the ETO Light neutral-point-clamped (NPC) converter design and thermal analysis. The modular digital controller architecture for this converter is proposed in order to improve the system reliability and increase its expansion flexibility. As a solution to further increase the converter output power, the ETO Light active NPC (ANPC) converter is presented, and moreover its fault tolerant capability is discussed.}, booktitle={5th IEEE Vehicle Power and Propulsion Conference, VPPC '09}, author={Li, J. and Huang, A. and Bhattacharya, Subhashish and Lukic, Srdjan}, year={2009}, pages={1455–1460} }
 @inproceedings{huang_liu_chen_li_song_2009, title={Emitter turn-off (ETO) thyristor, ETO light converter and their grid applications}, DOI={10.1109/pes.2009.5275226}, abstractNote={In today's electric power system, solid state power electronics technology plays more and more important roles and the demand for mega-watt level power ratings is increasing. The development of mega-watt power converters strongly depends on the state-of-the-art of power semiconductor technology, cooling technology and digital controller. The authors have been involved in the development of the Emitter Turn-Off (ETO) thyristor, an emerging power semiconductor switch for high power applications. Packed with advanced features as well as superior performance, ETO based power electronics systems are very attractive for various grid applications. In this paper, the authors will present the ETO device, ETO Light converter that are under development at the NSF FREEDM Systems Center. Moreover, the authors will explain how these developments will facilitate grid applications: static synchronous compensator (STATCOM) without/with energy storage, direct connection of wind turbine, High Voltage Direct Current (HVDC) application, power flow control and solid-state circuit breaker and current limiter.}, booktitle={2009 ieee power & energy society general meeting, vols 1-8}, author={Huang, A. and Liu, Y. and Chen, Q. and Li, J. and Song, W. C.}, year={2009}, pages={1861–1868} }
 @article{li_yim_piet_mcnelis_2009, title={Integrated decay heat load method to analyze repository capacity impact of a fuel cycle}, volume={36}, ISSN={["0306-4549"]}, DOI={10.1016/j.anucene.2009.06.015}, abstractNote={Abstract Assessing the needs for repository capacity from nuclear waste disposal is essential for fuel cycle development or repository development planning. As the repository capacity is mainly constrained by thermal design limits on the repository rocks, a detailed mountain-scale heat transfer calculation is needed for repository capacity impact analysis. In this paper, a simplified repository capacity impact analysis method is proposed as an alternative to performing repository scale heat transfer analysis. The method is based on the use of integrated decay heat load (IDHL) limits. The derived integrated decay heat loads were found to appropriately represent the drift wall temperature limit (200 °C) and the midway between adjacent drifts temperature limit (96 °C) under the high temperature operating mode as long as the wastes are uniformly loaded into the repository. Results indicated that the long-term integrated decay heat load (IDHLL) and the short-term integrated decay heat load (IDHLS) can be effectively used to represent the repository capacity impact for SNFs and HLWs, respectively. Comparisons indicated good agreement between the proposed IDHL method and the repository heat transfer analysis-based approach.}, number={9}, journal={ANNALS OF NUCLEAR ENERGY}, author={Li, Jun and Yim, Man-Sung and Piet, Steven and McNelis, David}, year={2009}, month={Sep}, pages={1366–1373} }
 @article{li_yim_mcnelis_2008, title={Assessing the proliferation resistance of nuclear fuel cycle systems using a fuzzy logic-based barrier method}, volume={162}, DOI={10.13182/nt08-a3957}, abstractNote={Abstract The development of a fuzzy logic-based barrier (FLB) method for the evaluation of the proliferation resistance of nuclear fuel cycle systems is described in this paper. The method is based on using a group of system-dependent, measurable, or quantifiable variables to define the proliferation barrier effectiveness of a system as fuzzy numbers. The usefulness of the FLB method and the resulting metric in quantifying the proliferation resistance of fuel cycle systems was also investigated by applying it to three fuel cycles, i.e., light water reactor-once-through, light water reactor with mixed oxide fuel, and direct use of spent pressurized water reactor fuel in CANDU reactor. To address the issue of subjectivity in assigning barrier weighting factors or fuzzy numbers, the sensitivity of the results to the definition of fuzzy numbers and weighting schemes was also investigated.}, number={3}, journal={Nuclear Technology}, author={Li, J. and Yim, M. S. and McNelis, D.}, year={2008}, pages={293–307} }
 @article{wang_zhao_li_huang_callanan_husna_agarwal_2008, title={Characterization, modeling, and application of 10-kV SiC MOSFET}, volume={55}, ISSN={["1557-9646"]}, DOI={10.1109/TED.2008.926650}, abstractNote={Ten-kilovolt SiC MOSFETs are currently under development by a number of organizations in the United States, with the aim of enabling their applications in high-voltage high-frequency power conversions. The aim of this paper is to obtain the key device characteristics of SiC MOSFETs so that their realistic application prospect can be provided. In particular, the emphasis is on obtaining their losses in various operation conditions from the extensive characterization study and a proposed behavioral SPICE model. Using the validated MOSFET SPICE model, a 20-kHz 370-W dc/dc boost converter based on a 10-kV 4H-SiC DMOSFET and diodes is designed and experimentally demonstrated. In the steady state of the boost converter, the total power loss in the 15.45-mm2 SiC MOSFET is 23.6 W for the input power of 428 W. The characterization study of the experimental SiC MOSFET and the experiment of the SiC MOSFET-based boost converter indicate that the turn-on losses of SiC MOSFETs are the dominant factors in determining their maximum operation frequency in hard-switched circuits with conventional thermal management. Replacing a 10-kV SiC PiN diode with a 10-kV SiC JBS diode as a boost diode and using a small external gate resistor, the turn-on loss of the SiC MOSFET can be reduced, and the 10-kV 5-A SiC MOSFET-based boost converter is predicted to be capable of a 20-kHz operation with a 5-kV dc output voltage and a 1.25-kW output power by the PSpice simulation with the MOSFET model. The low losses and fast switching speed of 10-kV SiC MOSFETs shown in the characterization study and the preliminary demonstration of the boost converter make them attractive in high-frequency high-voltage power-conversion applications.}, number={8}, journal={IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ELECTRON DEVICES}, author={Wang, Jun and Zhao, Tiefu and Li, Jun and Huang, Alex Q. and Callanan, Robert and Husna, Fatima and Agarwal, Anant}, year={2008}, month={Aug}, pages={1798–1806} }