@article{schachar_bocage_nelson_early_mariani_olby_munana_2024, title={Clinical and imaging findings in dogs with nerve root signature associated with cervical intervertebral disc herniation}, volume={1}, ISSN={["1939-1676"]}, url={https://doi.org/10.1111/jvim.16982}, DOI={10.1111/jvim.16982}, abstractNote={AbstractBackgroundIntervertebral disc herniation (IVDH) is the most common spinal cord disease in dogs. Little information is available regarding the clinical presentation of nerve root signature (NRS) associated with cervical IVDH.Hypothesis/ObjectiveTo detail the clinical and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings in dogs with NRS associated with cervical IVDH.AnimalsForty‐seven client‐owned dogs presenting with thoracic limb NRS and MRI confirmed IVDH.MethodsMedical records from 2010 to 2020 were retrospectively reviewed for dogs that met inclusion criteria. Imaging studies were evaluated by 2 individuals to characterize location and severity of neural tissue compression.ResultsChondrodystrophoid dogs comprised the majority of the study cohort, with dachshund the most common breed (n = 10). Three‐quarters of dogs were ≥7 years of age. Interobserver agreement was moderate or good for all of the imaging variables evaluated. The C6‐C7 intervertebral disc space was significantly overrepresented (P = .01), comprising 32% (15/47) of the affected discs. However, 42% (20/47) of cases involved C2‐C3 though C4‐C5 disc sites. Disc material was more frequently located laterally compared to medially within the vertebral canal (P = .0005), and to be associated with compression of the nerve root at the level of the intervertebral foramen (P = .012).Conclusion/Clinical ImportanceNRS is most commonly associated with lateralized or foraminal cervical disc herniations. It is most prevalent with C6‐C7 intervertebral disc involvement, suggesting that there might be unique anatomic factors that contribute to development of NRS at this site, but can be a clinical manifestation of IVDH occurring anywhere along the cervical spine.}, journal={JOURNAL OF VETERINARY INTERNAL MEDICINE}, author={Schachar, Jordan and Bocage, Alan and Nelson, Nathan C. and Early, Peter J. and Mariani, Christopher L. and Olby, Natasha J. and Munana, Karen R.}, year={2024}, month={Jan} }
 @misc{chiavaccini_schachar_early_bailey_2021, title={Ultrasound-guided perineural injections for the medical management of thoracic limb root signature in a dog}, volume={48}, ISSN={["1467-2995"]}, DOI={10.1016/j.vaa.2021.03.003}, abstractNote={Perineural injection of corticosteroids using fluoroscopy guidance has been proposed as part of the multimodal medical management of root-signature signs associated with cervical lateralized disc material in dogs ( Giambuzzi et al., 2016 Giambuzzi S. Pancotto T. Ruth J. Perineural injection for treatment of root-signature signs associated with lateralized disk material in five dogs (2009–2013). Front Vet Sci. 2016; 3: 1 Crossref PubMed Scopus (5) Google Scholar ). However, the technique requires specialized equipment, is time-consuming and carries the risk of radiation exposure.}, number={3}, journal={VETERINARY ANAESTHESIA AND ANALGESIA}, author={Chiavaccini, Ludovica and Schachar, Jordan and Early, Peter J. and Bailey, Kate M.}, year={2021}, month={May}, pages={480–482} }