@article{hallowell_dembek_horne_knych_messenger_schnabel_2024, title={Systemic absorption of triamcinolone acetonide is increased from intrasynovial versus extrasynovial sites and induces hyperglycemia, hyperinsulinemia, and suppression of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis}, volume={11}, ISSN={["2297-1769"]}, DOI={10.3389/fvets.2024.1388470}, abstractNote={Steroid-associated laminitis remains a major concern with use of corticosteroids in horses. Individual case factors such as joint pathology, pre-existing endocrinopathies, or corticosteroid type, dose, and timing influencing steroid-induced laminitis risk have not been investigated. This study aimed to determine if systemic absorption of triamcinolone acetonide (TA) varies between intrasynovial (antebrachiocarpal) and extrasynovial (sacroiliac) injection sites, and to determine the effects of TA absorption on glucose, insulin, cortisol, and adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH). Twenty adult horses were randomized into antebrachiocarpal or sacroiliac joint injection groups, and each horse received bilateral injections with a total dose of 18 mg triamcinolone. Blood was collected prior to injection and at 1, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 16, 20, 24, 36, 48, 60, and 72 h post-injection. Peak TA absorption occurred at 8 h in both groups, and was significantly higher in the intrasynovial group compared to the extrasynovial group (1.397 ng/mL, 0.672 ng/mL,}, journal={FRONTIERS IN VETERINARY SCIENCE}, author={Hallowell, Kimberly L. and Dembek, Katarzyna and Horne, Caitlyn R. and Knych, Heather K. and Messenger, Kristen M. and Schnabel, Lauren V.}, year={2024}, month={May} }
 @article{elder_wong_johnson_robertson_marner_dembek_2023, title={Assessment of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenocortical axis function using a vasopressin stimulation test in neonatal foals}, ISSN={["1939-1676"]}, DOI={10.1111/jvim.16808}, abstractNote={Abstract}, journal={JOURNAL OF VETERINARY INTERNAL MEDICINE}, author={Elder, Erin and Wong, David and Johnson, Katheryn and Robertson, Hannah and Marner, Meghan and Dembek, Katarzyna}, year={2023}, month={Jul} }
 @article{hepworth-warren_nelson_dembek_young_2023, title={General anesthesia does not induce ultrasonographic changes in the pleura of healthy adult horses anesthetized for elective magnetic resonance imaging}, volume={261}, ISSN={["1943-569X"]}, DOI={10.2460/javma.22.12.0550suggested.}, number={4}, journal={JAVMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN VETERINARY MEDICAL ASSOCIATION}, author={Hepworth-Warren, Kate L. and Nelson, Nathan C. and Dembek, Katarzyna A. and Young, Kimberly A. S.}, year={2023}, month={Apr}, pages={500–504} }
 @article{dembek_timko_moore_johnson_frazer_barr_toribio_2023, title={Longitudinal assessment of adrenocortical steroid and steroid precursor response to illness in hospitalized foals}, volume={82}, ISSN={["1879-0054"]}, DOI={10.1016/j.domaniend.2022.106764}, abstractNote={Sepsis is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in neonatal foals. Relative adrenal insufficiency (RAI), defined as an inadequate cortisol response to stress, has been associated with sepsis, prematurity, and poor outcome in newborn foals. In addition to cortisol, the adrenal gland synthesizes several biologically important steroids and steroid precursors, including aldosterone, androgens, and progestogens. However, concentration of these hormones during hospitalization and their association with the severity of disease and mortality in critically ill foals have not been completely evaluated. We hypothesized, that in addition to cortisol and aldosterone, concentration of steroid precursors (progestogens and androgens) will be altered in critically ill foals. We also proposed that septic foals will have higher concentrations of steroid precursors than healthy foals, and steroid concentrations will be persistently increased during hospitalization in non-surviving septic and premature foals. Foals <4 days of age were categorized as healthy, septic, sick non-septic, and premature based on physical exam, medical history, and laboratory data. Blood samples were collected on admission (0 h), 24 h, and 72 h after admission. Concentrations of steroids and ACTH were measured by immunoassays. The area under the curve over 72 h (AUC0-72h) of hospitalization was calculated for each hormone. Serum cortisol, aldosterone, progesterone, pregnenolone, dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEAS), and 17 α-hydroxyprogesterone concentrations were higher in septic and premature foals compared to healthy foals at 0 h and throughout 72 h of hospitalization (P < 0.05). Plasma ACTH concentrations were higher in septic and premature foals on admission compared to healthy controls (P < 0.05). The progesterone (AUC0-72h) cut-off value above which non-survival could be reliably predicted in hospitalized foals was 1,085 ng/mL/h, with 82% sensitivity and 77% specificity. Critically ill neonatal foals had an appropriate response to stress characterized by increased concentrations of cortisol and steroid precursors on admission. A rapid decline in steroid concentration was observed in healthy foals. However, persistently elevated progestogen and androgen concentrations were associated with a lack of improvement in the course of disease and poor outcome.}, journal={DOMESTIC ANIMAL ENDOCRINOLOGY}, author={Dembek, K. and Timko, K. and Moore, C. and Johnson, L. and Frazer, M. and Barr, B. and Toribio, R.}, year={2023}, month={Jan} }
 @article{gomez_toribio_caddey_costa_vijan_dembek_2023, title={Longitudinal effects of oral administration of antimicrobial drugs on fecal microbiota of horses}, ISSN={["1939-1676"]}, DOI={10.1111/jvim.16853}, abstractNote={Abstract}, journal={JOURNAL OF VETERINARY INTERNAL MEDICINE}, author={Gomez, Diego and Toribio, Ramiro and Caddey, Benjamin and Costa, Marcio and Vijan, Stephanie and Dembek, Katarzyna}, year={2023}, month={Sep} }
 @article{johnson_peterson_kopper_dembek_2023, title={The hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis response to ovine corticotropin-releasing-hormone stimulation tests in healthy and hospitalized foals}, ISSN={["1939-1676"]}, DOI={10.1111/jvim.16604}, abstractNote={Abstract}, journal={JOURNAL OF VETERINARY INTERNAL MEDICINE}, author={Johnson, Katheryn and Peterson, Jackie and Kopper, Jamie and Dembek, Katarzyna}, year={2023}, month={Jan} }
 @article{young_hepworth-warren_dembek_2022, title={Comparison of Fluid Analysis and Cytologic Findings of Cerebrospinal Fluid Between Three Collection Sites in Adult Equids With Neurological Disease}, volume={9}, ISSN={["2297-1769"]}, DOI={10.3389/fvets.2022.821815}, abstractNote={Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is routinely collected from three sites in the horse, the atlanto-occipital (AO), atlantoaxial (AA), and lumbosacral (LS) space. A comparison between fluid analysis parameters [total protein, total nucleated cell count (TNCC), red blood cell (RBC) count, and morphologic analysis] from samples obtained at each of the three sites has not previously been performed. A retrospective analysis was performed to evaluate the differences in fluid analysis of CSF between the AO, AA, and LS sites in equids presented to a referral service for evaluation of suspected neurological disease. A total of 113 equids aged ≥1 year that underwent CSF collection between 2008 and 2020 were included. Total nucleated cell count, RBC concentration, total protein (TP), and morphologic evaluation between CSF samples obtained from the three sites were compared. When comparing all samples, LS centesis was associated with higher RBC compared to other sites (p < 0.05); TP was lower in the AA group than in the LS group (p < 0.05). Within a subset of cytologically unremarkable samples, RBC concentration was highest in LS samples (p < 0.01); TP was higher in LS samples compared to AA samples (p < 0.05) and TNCC was higher (p < 0.01) in AA and LS groups compared to the AO. In cytologically abnormal samples, there were no significant differences between sites in any parameter. Abnormal cytology was correlated with non-survival (p = 0.0002). Non-survival was associated with higher TNCC (p < 0.01). The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve for TNCC had an area under the curve of 0.67 (95% CI, 0.55–0.79) and indicated that a cutoff value of 24 cells/μL maximized specificity (72%) and sensitivity (54%) to predict non-survival in all horses. Positive predictive value was 45%; negative predictive value was 78%. The concentration of RBC was higher in samples from the LS site. This has clinical implications due to the importance of comparative diagnostics and its potential impact on cytologic evaluation. There were minimal differences in multiple other parameters between sites, which are likely clinically insignificant.}, journal={FRONTIERS IN VETERINARY SCIENCE}, author={Young, Kimberly A. S. and Hepworth-Warren, Kate L. and Dembek, Katarzyna A.}, year={2022}, month={Apr} }
 @article{hepworth-warren_nelson_dembek_young_2022, title={Comparison of thoracic ultrasonography and thoracic radiography between healthy adult horses and horses with bacterial pneumonia using a novel, objective ultrasonographic scoring system}, volume={9}, ISSN={["2297-1769"]}, DOI={10.3389/fvets.2022.991634}, abstractNote={BackgroundThoracic ultrasonography (TUS) is widely used in equine practice but comparison to radiography is limited in horses.}, journal={FRONTIERS IN VETERINARY SCIENCE}, author={Hepworth-Warren, Kate L. L. and Nelson, Nathan and Dembek, Katarzyna A. A. and Young, Kimberly A. S.}, year={2022}, month={Oct} }
 @article{malik_wong_dembek_wilson_2022, title={Comparison of two glucose-monitoring systems for use in horses}, volume={83}, ISSN={["1943-5681"]}, DOI={10.2460/ajvr.21.05.0068}, abstractNote={Abstract}, number={3}, journal={AMERICAN JOURNAL OF VETERINARY RESEARCH}, author={Malik, Caitlin E. and Wong, David M. and Dembek, Katarzyna A. and Wilson, Katherine E.}, year={2022}, month={Mar}, pages={222–228} }
 @article{gomez_wong_macnicol_dembek_2022, title={The fecal bacterial microbiota of healthy and sick newborn foals}, ISSN={["1939-1676"]}, DOI={10.1111/jvim.16596}, abstractNote={Abstract}, journal={JOURNAL OF VETERINARY INTERNAL MEDICINE}, author={Gomez, Diego E. and Wong, David and MacNicol, Jennifer and Dembek, Katarzyna}, year={2022}, month={Dec} }
 @article{wong_young_dembek_2021, title={Blood thiamine (vitamin B-1), ascorbic acid (vitamin C), and cortisol concentrations in healthy and ill neonatal foals}, ISSN={["1939-1676"]}, DOI={10.1111/jvim.16188}, abstractNote={Abstract}, journal={JOURNAL OF VETERINARY INTERNAL MEDICINE}, author={Wong, David M. and Young, Lauren and Dembek, Katarzyna A.}, year={2021}, month={May} }
 @article{farrell_kersh_liepman_dembek_2021, title={Development of a Colic Scoring System to Predict Outcome in Horses}, volume={8}, ISSN={["2297-1769"]}, DOI={10.3389/fvets.2021.697589}, abstractNote={Acute abdominal pain in the horse is a common emergency presenting to equine practices. The wide variety of etiologies makes prognosticating survival a challenge. A retrospective, multi-institutional clinical study was performed to determine clinical parameters associated with survival of horses with colic, and to use them to develop a colic survival scoring system. The scoring system was then validated using clinical data in the prospective portion of the study. Medical records from 67 horses presenting for acute abdominal pain were evaluated to develop the colic assessment score. Twenty eight variables were compared between survivors and non-survivors and entered into logistic regression models for survival. Of these, six variables were included in the colic assessment score. A total colic assessment score range was from 0 to 12, with the highest score representing the lowest probability of survival. The optimal cutoff value to predict survival was seven resulting in an 86% sensitivity and 64% specificity with a positive predictive value of 88% and a negative predictive value of 57%. Data from 95 horses presenting for abdominal pain to two equine hospitals was then collected prospectively to validate the colic assessment score. Horses from the prospective portion of the study that received a score >7 were classified as predicted to die and those with a score ≤7 were predicted to survive. The classification was compared to the actual outcome, of which the sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values of the colic assessment score were 84, 62, 88, and 52%, respectively.}, journal={FRONTIERS IN VETERINARY SCIENCE}, author={Farrell, Alanna and Kersh, Kevin and Liepman, Rachel and Dembek, Katarzyna A.}, year={2021}, month={Oct} }
 @article{swink_rings_snyder_mcauley_burns_dembek_gilsenan_browne_toribio_2021, title={Dynamics of androgens in healthy and hospitalized newborn foals}, volume={35}, ISSN={["1939-1676"]}, DOI={10.1111/jvim.15974}, abstractNote={Abstract}, number={1}, journal={JOURNAL OF VETERINARY INTERNAL MEDICINE}, author={Swink, Jacob M. and Rings, Lindsey M. and Snyder, Hailey A. and McAuley, Rachel C. and Burns, Teresa A. and Dembek, Katarzyna A. and Gilsenan, William F. and Browne, Nimet and Toribio, Ramiro E.}, year={2021}, month={Jan}, pages={538–549} }
 @article{wong_malik_dembek_estell_marchitello_wilson_2021, title={Evaluation of a continuous glucose monitoring system in neonatal foals}, ISSN={["1939-1676"]}, DOI={10.1111/jvim.16186}, abstractNote={Abstract}, journal={JOURNAL OF VETERINARY INTERNAL MEDICINE}, author={Wong, David and Malik, Caitlin and Dembek, Katarzyna and Estell, Krista and Marchitello, Megan and Wilson, Katie}, year={2021}, month={Jun} }