@article{jeuck_jayaratne_stumpf-downing_edwards_mckee_2023, title={Critical Competencies of 4-H Camp Staff for Achieving High Performance}, volume={61}, ISSN={["1077-5315"]}, DOI={10.34068/joe.61.02.07}, abstractNote={Camps provide a substantial opportunity for youth to develop important life skills. Identifying and training staff on critical competencies are essential to achieving the desired outcomes for camp participants. The purpose of this study was to determine the most critical competencies of the 4-H residential camp staff for achieving high staff performance. The modified Delphi technique was used to achieve study objectives. The Delphi panel of this study consisted of 23 4-H camping experts from across the United States. This three-round Delphi study led to identify 15 critical competencies that will be useful in standardizing 4-H camp staff training programs.}, number={2}, journal={JOURNAL OF EXTENSION}, author={Jeuck, Laura S. and Jayaratne, K. S. U. and Stumpf-Downing, Mitzi and Edwards, Harriett and Mckee, Katherine}, year={2023} }
 @article{bardon_peters_parajuli_jayaratne_2023, title={Educational Needs of North Carolina Non-industrial Private Forest Landowners and Barriers to Meeting These Needs}, volume={61}, ISSN={["1077-5315"]}, DOI={10.34068/joe.61.01.01}, abstractNote={Forest landowners are an important target audience for many state Extension programs. Acknowledging the differences and associations between landownership values, characteristics, and educational preferences of forest landowners should lead to improvement of educational programs and ensuring that educational needs are being met. Through an internet-based survey of forest landowners four distinct landowner typologies were identified based on respondents’ reason for owning forestland. Results also identified the educational needs and barriers to meeting these needs for the landowners. Creating typologies based on attitudinal responses will allow for a more focused approach to developing educational products and services to meet landowner needs.}, number={1}, journal={JOURNAL OF EXTENSION}, author={Bardon, Robert E. and Peters, Kristin and Parajuli, Rajan and Jayaratne, K. S. U.}, year={2023} }
 @article{diaz_gusto_narine_jayaratne_silvert_2023, title={Toward Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion Outreach and Engagement in Extension Education: Expert Consensus on Barriers and Strategies}, volume={61}, ISSN={["1077-5315"]}, DOI={10.34068/joe.61.01.21}, abstractNote={Barriers to the successful implementation of diversity, equity, and inclusion (DEI) education and outreach initiatives are being documented across higher education institutions as DEI policies and protocols are gaining attention. Despite growing attention to promote DEI in higher education institutions, there remains a need to examine barriers preventing DEI efforts in a systematic way, particularly in Extension education contexts to formulate strategies to promote DEI. We present an expert, consensus-based framework to identify the most salient barriers to successful DEI implementation in Extension. We also discuss opportunities for Extension practitioners to overcome salient barriers with tailored mitigation strategies.}, number={1}, journal={JOURNAL OF EXTENSION}, author={Diaz, John and Gusto, Cody and Narine, Lendel K. and Jayaratne, K. S. U. and Silvert, Colby}, year={2023} }
 @article{jayaratne_collins_mccollum_2021, title={Early-Career Challenges of Youth Development Extension Educators and Effective Strategies}, volume={13}, ISSN={["2071-1050"]}, DOI={10.3390/su13169017}, abstractNote={The purpose of this research study was to determine the challenges faced by early-career youth development extension educators and strategies helpful in managing those challenges. This study used the modified Delphi method of three rounds with a specifically selected expert panel of 24 members to build consensus on the challenges that early-career youth development extension educators faced and managing strategies of those challenges. The expert panel of this Delphi study was selected from two south-eastern states in the U.S. based on their proven success and effectiveness in youth development extension programming in their respective counties. The three-round Delphi study led to building the consensus on 16 challenges faced by early-career youth development extension educators and 14 strategies helpful in managing those challenges. The findings of this study have implications for planning onboarding training programs for early-career youth development extension educators. Future research is needed to understand how identified strategies contribute to managing early-career challenges faced by youth development extension educators.}, number={16}, journal={SUSTAINABILITY}, author={Jayaratne, Koralalage S. U. and Collins, Daniel P. and McCollum, Shannon B.}, year={2021}, month={Aug} }
 @article{glen_jayaratne_moore_bradley_edwards_2021, title={What Does it Take to Lead Extension Master Gardener Volunteers?}, volume={59}, ISSN={1077-5315 0022-0140}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.34068/joe.59.03.12}, DOI={10.34068/joe.59.03.12}, abstractNote={We investigated the importance of volunteer engagement competencies to successful master gardener volunteer administration. We used a web-based survey to collect data from a census of North Carolina Extension agents with master gardener volunteer administration responsibilities. Respondents indicated 52 of the 55 competencies were important to the administration of master gardener volunteers. We concluded that although traditional volunteer management skills are essential, a more comprehensive model encompassing personal and leadership skills is needed to inform development of training and resources that will support attainment of competencies required for successful master gardener volunteer administration.}, number={Summer 2021}, journal={Journal of Extension}, publisher={Clemson University}, author={Glen, Charlotte and Jayaratne, K.S.U. and Moore, Gary and Bradley, Lucy and Edwards, Harriett}, year={2021}, month={Sep} }
 @article{chaudhary_diaz_jayaratne_assan_2020, title={Evaluation capacity building in the nonformal education context: Challenges and strategies}, volume={79}, ISSN={["1873-7870"]}, DOI={10.1016/j.evalprogplan.2019.101768}, abstractNote={Policymakers’ demand for increased accountability has compelled organizations to pay more attention to internal evaluation capacity building (ECB). The existing literature about ECB has focused on capacity building experiences and organizational research, with limited attention on challenges that internal evaluation specialists face in building organizational evaluative capacity. To address this knowledge gap, we conducted a Delphi study with evaluation specialists in the United States’ Cooperative Extension Service and developed a consensus on the most pervasive ECB challenges as well as the most useful strategies for overcoming ECB challenges. Challenges identified in this study include limited time and resources, limited understanding of the value of evaluation, evaluation considered as an afterthought, and limited support and buy-in from administrators. Alternatively, strategies found in the study include a shift in an organizational culture where evaluation is appreciated, buy-in and support from administration, clarifying the importance of quality than quantity of evaluations, and a strategic approach to ECB. The challenges identified in this study have persisted for decades, meaning administrators must understand the persistence of these issues and make an earnest investment (financial and human resource) to make noticeable progress. The Delphi approach can be used more often to prioritize ECB efforts.}, journal={EVALUATION AND PROGRAM PLANNING}, author={Chaudhary, Anil Kumar and Diaz, John and Jayaratne, K. S. U. and Assan, Elsie}, year={2020}, month={Apr} }
 @article{diaz_jayaratne_kumar chaudhary_2020, title={Evaluation competencies and challenges faced by early career extension professionals: developing a competency model through consensus building}, volume={26}, ISSN={["1750-8622"]}, DOI={10.1080/1389224X.2019.1671204}, abstractNote={ABSTRACT Purpose To examine the evaluation competencies extension professionals need to develop and the challenges faced by early career extension professionals when they evaluate their extension education programs. Design We conducted two studies that utilized a three round Delphi technique to come to consensus on the core program evaluation competencies for extension professionals and the most pervasive program evaluation challenges early-career extension professionals face. These studies were conducted in the spring and summer of 2018. We used two Delphi panels: (1) 46 evaluation specialists and (2) 30 new county extension professionals from various program areas. We inputted the final list of program evaluation competencies and challenges into a spreadsheet for comparative analysis to achieve the research purpose. Findings The panel of extension evaluation specialists reached consensus on 36 competencies and the panel of early career extension professionals had consensus on 26 program evaluation challenges. Comparative analysis of the results of the two Delphi studies effectively linked early career extension program evaluation challenges with the evaluation specialists identified core evaluation competencies. Practical Implications We provide a framework for designing needs-based, proactive in-service trainings to build the evaluation capacity of early-career extension professionals. Theoretical Implications This program evaluation competency model for early-career extension professionals adds to the overall theoretical body of literature focused on evaluation capacity building of extension professionals. Originality It presents the US Extension Evaluation Specialists’ national consensus of the core program evaluation competencies for extension professionals. It is also the first study to compare early-career extension program evaluation challenges with a relevant evaluation competency model.}, number={2}, journal={JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL EDUCATION & EXTENSION}, author={Diaz, John M. and Jayaratne, K. S. U. and Kumar Chaudhary, Anil}, year={2020}, month={Mar}, pages={183–201} }
 @article{diaz_chaudhary_jayaratne_assan_2020, title={Expanding evaluator competency research: Exploring competencies for program evaluation using the context of non-formal education}, volume={79}, ISSN={["1873-7870"]}, DOI={10.1016/j.evalprogplan.2020.101790}, abstractNote={The overlap of competencies between general program evaluation and specific contexts or content will always be reality because evaluators may need unique competencies to answer evaluation questions for particular contexts or content areas. Limited research exists that explores the essential competencies required by professionals who use evaluation as one part of their job portfolio, which leaves unanswered questions regarding the applicability of current evaluator competency models in such settings. We used a modified three-round Delphi technique to identify evaluator competencies for non-formal educators in Cooperative Extension (CE). Our panelists identified 36 competencies in the non-formal educational programming context for CE educators that they considered important to be included in evaluation capacity building efforts. We categorized our 36 identified competencies from the Delphi study into the five competency domains proposed by the American Evaluation Association. Our findings provide information to help guide professional development among non-formal educators related to program evaluation.}, journal={EVALUATION AND PROGRAM PLANNING}, author={Diaz, John and Chaudhary, Anil Kumar and Jayaratne, K. S. U. and Assan, Elsie}, year={2020}, month={Apr} }
 @article{jayaratne_2016, title={Making evaluation work for you: Ideas for deriving multiple benefits from evaluation}, volume={54}, url={http://www.joe.org/joe/2016february/iw1.php}, number={1}, journal={Journal of Extension (Online)}, author={Jayaratne, K.S.U.}, year={2016} }
 @article{sommerfeld_bruce_jayaratne_chapman_gunter_2016, title={North Carolina chefs who cultivate restaurant gardens: A population with a hunger for extension information}, volume={54}, url={https://joe.org/joe/2016december/tt7.php}, number={6}, journal={Journal of Extension (Online)}, author={Sommerfeld, K. and Bruce, J. and Jayaratne, J. and Chapman, B. and Gunter, C.}, year={2016} }
 @article{lelekacs_bloom_jayaratne_leach_wymore_mitchell_2016, title={Planning, delivering, and evaluating an extension in-service training program for developing local food systems: Lessons learned}, volume={4}, url={http://media.wix.com/ugd/c8fe6e_3633e1c2b3ed4f6c98c2e75d3c5d649b.pdf}, number={2}, journal={Journal of Human Sciences and Extension}, author={Lelekacs, J.M. and Bloom, J.D. and Jayaratne, K.S.U. and Leach, B. and Wymore, T. and Mitchell, C.}, year={2016}, pages={1–19} }
 @article{jayaratne_2016, title={Tools for formative evaluation: Gathering the information necessary for program improvement}, volume={54}, url={http://www.joe.org/joe/2016february/tt2.php}, number={1}, journal={Journal of Extension (Online)}, author={Jayaratne, K.S.U.}, year={2016} }
 @article{ratasky_schroeder-moreno_jayaratne_bradley_grossman_orr_2015, title={Challenges and opportunities in developing the student farm as an educational resource: A nationwide Delphi study on student farms}, volume={59}, number={2}, journal={NACTA (North American Colleges and Teachers of Agriculture) Journal}, author={Ratasky, S. and Schroeder-Moreno, M. and Jayaratne, K.S.U. and Bradley, L.K. and Grossman, J. and Orr, D.}, year={2015}, pages={96–103} }
 @article{jayaratne_2015, title={Cost effectiveness ratio: Evaluation tool for comparing the effectiveness of similar extension programs}, volume={53}, url={http://www.joe.org/joe/2015december/pdf/JOE_v53_6tt3.pdf}, number={6}, journal={Journal of Extension (Online)}, author={Jayaratne, K.S.U.}, year={2015} }
 @article{davis_jayaratne_2015, title={In-service Training Needs of Agriculture Teachers for Preparing Them to Be Effective in the 21st Century}, volume={56}, ISSN={1042-0541}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.5032/jae.2015.04047}, DOI={10.5032/jae.2015.04047}, abstractNote={The purpose of this descriptive survey research study conducted with agriculture teachers in North Carolina was to determine their in-service training needs in order to be effective for preparing students with the 21st century skills necessary for students to be successful. This study reaffirms the need for continuation of leadership education as an important skill and integration of reading, writing, and math concepts into all agricultural education curricula for preparing students to be successful in the 21st century. The role of agriculture in global food security; application of problem-based learning; planning and delivering lessons to utilize higher order thinking skills; teaching leadership skills; and development of teamwork and student collaboration were identified as the five most important in-service training needs for preparing agriculture teachers to be effective educators. Findings of this study are limited to North Carolina agriculture teachers. This limitation of applying findings for other states should be addressed by conducting a study with a diverse sample of agriculture teachers across the nation.}, number={4}, journal={Journal of Agricultural Education}, publisher={American Association for Agricultural Education}, author={Davis, R. Jason and Jayaratne, K. S. U.}, year={2015}, month={Dec}, pages={47–58} }
 @article{mcclelland_jayaratne_bird_2015, title={Use of Song as an Effective Teaching Strategy for Nutrition Education in Older Adults}, volume={34}, ISSN={2155-1197 2155-1200}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/21551197.2014.998327}, DOI={10.1080/21551197.2014.998327}, abstractNote={The objective of this study was to explore whether singing an educational song would be effective in improving older adults' knowledge about nutrition. We used a randomized controlled design to determine whether singing an educational song would result in increased nutrition knowledge in a low-income population of older adults compared to a control group of similar adults who did not sing the song. Eighteen congregate nutrition sites were randomly assigned to the treatment or control group. Analysis via independent samples t-test showed the knowledge gain mean scores for the treatment group were significantly (P < 0.05) greater than those of the control group. This study supports a unique new approach to increasing nutrition knowledge of older adults by using music.}, number={1}, journal={Journal of Nutrition in Gerontology and Geriatrics}, publisher={Informa UK Limited}, author={McClelland, Jacquelyn W. and Jayaratne, K. S. U. and Bird, Carolyn}, year={2015}, month={Jan}, pages={22–33} }
 @article{ingerson_bruce_jayaratne_kistler_2014, title={A Look at What Influences the Leadership of Agricultural and Extension Education Department Heads}, volume={13}, ISSN={1552-9045}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.12806/V13/I1/R5}, DOI={10.12806/V13/I1/R5}, abstractNote={Through the study of leadership, the concept of leadership effectiveness and its importance has emerged. Effective leadership contributes to successful organizations (Amagoh, 2009; Leithwood, Jantzi, & Steinbach, 1999). According to Gordon & Yukl (2004), because of constantly changing environments, it is important to continue research in the leadership and leadership effectiveness fields, especially when it comes to leadership in academia. Using Seiler and Pfister’s (2009) Dynamic Five-Factor Model of Leadership as the theoretical frame, a qualitative study of leadership effectiveness influencers of Agricultural and Extension Education department heads was completed. The research looked at both internal and external influential factors.}, number={1}, journal={Journal of Leadership Education}, publisher={Journal of Leadership Education}, author={Ingerson, Kati and Bruce, Jackie and Jayaratne, Jay and Kistler, Mark}, year={2014}, month={Jan}, pages={57–74} }
 @article{diaz_jayaratne_bardon_hazel_2014, title={A framework for integrating and managing expectations of multiple stakeholder groups in a collaborative partnership}, volume={52}, url={http://www.joe.org/joe/2014june/iw6.php}, number={3}, journal={Journal of Extension (Online)}, author={Diaz, J.M. and Jayaratne, K.S.U. and Bardon, R. and Hazel, D.}, year={2014} }
 @article{kish_jayaratne_flowers_kistler_2014, title={Characteristics and motivational factors of effective Extension advisory leaders: Implications for building strong Extension advisory councils}, volume={2}, url={http://media.wix.com/ugd/c8fe6e_e058fa5a17b548969a55005aa78dfffa.pdf}, number={3}, journal={Journal of Human Sciences and Extension}, author={Kish, J. and Jayaratne, K.S.U. and Flowers, J. and Kistler, M.J.}, year={2014}, pages={32–44} }
 @article{sobrero_jayaratne_2014, title={Engaging learners through collaborative learning: Leadership development of County Extension Directors and lessons learned}, volume={52}, url={http://www.joe.org/joe/2014april/a2.php}, number={2}, journal={Journal of Extension}, author={Sobrero, P. and Jayaratne, K.S.U.}, year={2014} }
 @inbook{jayaratne_2014, place={Netherlands}, title={Evaluation of Integrated Pest Management Interventions: Challenges and alternatives}, volume={3}, booktitle={Integrated Pest management: Pesticide problems}, publisher={Springer}, author={Jayaratne, K.S.U.}, editor={Pimentel, D. and Peshin, R.Editors}, year={2014}, pages={433–470} }
 @article{ingerson_jayaratne_wymore_creamer_2014, title={Extension educators’ perceptions about the NC 10% Local Food Campaign: Impacts, challenges, and alternatives}, volume={52}, url={http://www.joe.org/joe/2014april/a7.php}, number={2}, journal={Journal of Extension}, author={Ingerson, K. and Jayaratne, K.S.U. and Wymore, T. and Creamer, N.}, year={2014} }
 @article{schomberg_fisher_reeves_endale_raper_jayaratne_gamble_jenkins_2014, title={Grazing Winter Rye Cover Crop in a Cotton No-Till System: Yield and Economics}, volume={106}, ISSN={0002-1962}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.2134/agronj13.0434}, DOI={10.2134/agronj13.0434}, abstractNote={Winter annual cover crop use is limited in conservation management systems in the United States. Grazing cover crops could encourage cover crop adoption if returns offset establishment costs without reducing crop yields. A 4‐yr field experiment was conducted near Watkinsville, GA, in which a rye (Secale cereale L.) cover crop was grazed by cattle or roller‐crimped before planting cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.). Cattle consumed about 2.4 Mg ha−1 of forage annually but amounts were variable due to weather conditions. Rye residue remaining at cotton planting averaged 6.7 Mg ha−1 for non‐grazed compared with 1.7 Mg ha−1 for grazed treatments. Cotton yields tended to be better in the non‐grazed treatment but were significantly different only in 2009 when yields were reduced in the grazed treatment due to soil compaction. Four‐year average lint yield was 120 kg ha−1 greater for the non‐grazed treatment. Cotton fiber quality parameters were generally better in the non‐grazed treatment but not enough to change crop price. Differences between grazed and non‐grazed returns ranged from $–26 to $355 and averaged $81 ha−1 when based on market year prices. The difference in average return increased to $110 ha−1 when based on 2012 market year prices. Although negative effects of soil compaction were observed the final year, returns from grazing have the potential to offset establishment costs of a rye cover crop and increase profits for cotton producers in the Southern Piedmont of the United States.}, number={3}, journal={Agronomy Journal}, publisher={American Society of Agronomy}, author={Schomberg, H. H. and Fisher, D. S. and Reeves, D. W. and Endale, D. M. and Raper, R. L. and Jayaratne, K. S. U. and Gamble, G. R. and Jenkins, M. B.}, year={2014}, pages={1041} }
 @article{lakai_jayaratne_moore_kistler_2014, title={Identification of current proficiency level of Extension competencies and the competencies needed for Extension agents to be successful in the 21st century}, volume={2}, url={http://media.wix.com/ugd/c8fe6e_53ea61c582994033af7c961b1c4fcd7d.pdf}, number={1}, journal={Journal of Human Sciences and Extension}, author={Lakai, D. and Jayaratne, K.S.U. and Moore, G. and Kistler, M.J.}, year={2014}, pages={71–89} }
 @article{sobrero_jayaratne_2014, title={Scholarship perceptions of academic department heads: Implications for promoting faculty community engagement scholarship}, volume={18}, number={1}, journal={Journal of Higher Education Outreach and Engagement}, author={Sobrero, P. and Jayaratne, K.S.U.}, year={2014}, pages={123–151} }
 @article{dunn_jayaratne_baughman_levine_2014, title={Teaching basic cooking skills: Evaluation of the North Carolina Extension Cook Smart Eat Smart Program}, volume={106}, number={1}, journal={Journal of Family and Consumer Sciences}, author={Dunn, C. and Jayaratne, K.S.U. and Baughman, K. and Levine, K.}, year={2014}, pages={39–46} }
 @article{glen_moore_jayaratne_bradley_2014, title={Use of demonstration gardens in Extension: Challenges and benefits}, volume={52}, url={http://www.joe.org/joe/2014august/a6.php}, number={4}, journal={Journal of Extension}, author={Glen, C.D. and Moore, G.E. and Jayaratne, K.S.U. and Bradley, L.K.}, year={2014}, pages={4–6} }
 @article{dunn_whetstone_kolasa_jayaratne_thomas_aggarwal_nordby_riley_2014, title={Using Synchronous Distance-Education Technology to Deliver a Weight Management Intervention}, volume={46}, ISSN={1499-4046}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jneb.2014.06.001}, DOI={10.1016/j.jneb.2014.06.001}, abstractNote={To compare the effectiveness of online delivery of a weight management program using synchronous (real-time), distance-education technology to in-person delivery.Synchronous, distance-education technology was used to conduct weekly sessions for participants with a live instructor. Program effectiveness was indicated by changes in weight, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, and confidence in ability to eat healthy and be physically active.Online class participants (n = 398) had significantly greater reductions in BMI, weight, and waist circumference than in-person class participants (n = 1,313). Physical activity confidence increased more for in-person than online class participants. There was no difference for healthy eating confidence.This project demonstrates the feasibility of using synchronous distance-education technology to deliver a weight management program. Synchronous online delivery could be employed with no loss to improvements in BMI, weight, and waist circumference.}, number={6}, journal={Journal of Nutrition Education and Behavior}, publisher={Elsevier BV}, author={Dunn, Carolyn and Whetstone, Lauren MacKenzie and Kolasa, Kathryn M. and Jayaratne, K.S.U. and Thomas, Cathy and Aggarwal, Surabhi and Nordby, Kelly and Riley, Kenisha E.M.}, year={2014}, month={Nov}, pages={602–609} }
 @article{jayaratne_bird_mcclelland_2013, title={Application of crossover design for conducting rigorous Extension evaluations}, volume={51}, url={http://www.joe.org/joe/2013april/tt1.php}, number={2}, journal={Journal of Extension}, author={Jayaratne, K.S.U. and Bird, C.L. and McClelland, J.W.}, year={2013} }
 @article{glen_moore_jayaratne_bradley_2013, title={Characteristics of Extension demonstration gardens}, volume={51}, url={http://www.joe.org/joe/2013april/rb8.php}, number={2}, journal={Journal of Extension}, author={Glen, C.D. and Moore, G.E. and Jayaratne, K.S.U. and Bradley, L.K.}, year={2013} }
 @article{dunn_whetstone_kolasa_jayaratne_thomas_aggarwal_herget_rogers_2013, title={Delivering a Behavior-Change Weight Management Program to Teachers and State Employees in North Carolina}, volume={27}, ISSN={0890-1171 2168-6602}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.4278/ajhp.120221-QUAN-101}, DOI={10.4278/ajhp.120221-QUAN-101}, abstractNote={Purpose. To ascertain the effectiveness of a behavior-change weight management program offered to teachers and state employees in North Carolina (NC). }, number={6}, journal={American Journal of Health Promotion}, publisher={SAGE Publications}, author={Dunn, Carolyn and Whetstone, Lauren MacKenzie and Kolasa, Kathryn M. and Jayaratne, K. S. U. (Jay) and Thomas, Cathy and Aggarwal, Surabhi and Herget, Casey and Rogers, Anne B.}, year={2013}, month={Jul}, pages={378–383} }
 @inbook{peshin_jayaratne_sharma_2013, place={San Diego, CA}, title={IPM extension: A global overview}, booktitle={Integrated pest management: Current concepts and ecological perspectives}, publisher={Elsevier}, author={Peshin, R. and Jayaratne, K.S.U. and Sharma, R.}, editor={Abrol, D.P.Editor}, year={2013}, pages={493–530} }
 @article{mcclelland_jayaratne_bird_2013, title={Nutrition education brings behavior and knowledge change in limited-resource older adults}, volume={51}, url={http://www.joe.org/joe/2013april/a1.php}, number={2}, journal={Journal of Extension}, author={McClelland, J.W. and Jayaratne, K.S.U. and Bird, C.L.}, year={2013} }
 @article{lakai_jayaratne_moore_kistler_2012, title={Barriers and effective educational strategies to develop Extension Agents' professional competencies}, volume={50}, url={https://archives.joe.org/joe/2012august/rb1.php}, number={4}, journal={Journal of Extension}, author={Lakai, D. and Jayaratne, K.S.U. and Moore, G. and Kistler, M.J.}, year={2012} }
 @article{shaw_hazel_bardon_jayaratne_2012, title={Landowners' knowledge, attitudes, and aspirations towards woody biomass markets in North Carolina}, volume={50}, url={http://www.joe.org/joe/2012august/a9.php}, number={4}, journal={Journal of Extension (Online)}, author={Shaw, J. and Hazel, D. and Bardon, R. and Jayaratne, K.S.U.}, year={2012} }
 @article{whetstone_kolasa_dunn_jayaratne_vodicka_schneider_thomas_van staveren_aggarwal_lackey_2011, title={Effects of a behavior-based weight management program delivered through a state Cooperative Extension and local Public Health Department network, North Carolina, 2008-2009}, volume={8}, url={http://www.cdc.gov/pcd/issues/2011/jul/10_0160.htm}, number={4}, journal={Preventing Chronic Disease}, author={Whetstone, L.M. and Kolasa, K.M. and Dunn, C. and Jayaratne, K.S.U. and Vodicka, S. and Schneider, L. and Thomas, Cathy and van Staveren, Meg and Aggarwal, Surabhi and Lackey, Carolyn}, year={2011}, pages={A81} }
 @article{harrison_hamilton_jayaratne_2010, title={Agrosecurity awareness curriculum design, delivery and evaluation with first responders to agricultural and food emergencies}, volume={30}, number={6}, journal={Food Protection Trends}, author={Harrison, J.A. and Hamilton, R.D. and Jayaratne, K.S.U.}, year={2010}, pages={340–345} }
 @article{jayaratne_owen_jones_2010, title={Evaluating a New and Aspiring County Extension Director Leadership Education Program}, volume={9}, ISSN={1552-9045}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.12806/v9/i1/rf2}, DOI={10.12806/v9/i1/rf2}, abstractNote={This leadership education evaluation study explored the leadership development outcomes of potential county extension directors and the ways to improve the program. The leadership education program aimed to improve participants’ leadership abilities in understanding self, building relationships and managing resources. The analysis of quantitative and qualitative data confirmed that the leadership training institute was effective in building participants’ leadership skills and improving leadership behavior. The incorporation of participants’ learning needs into the program, use of hands-on experiential learning activities and problem solving activities combined with small group discussions were the contributing factors for the success of this leadership education program. The participants suggested the use of more hands-on and problem solving activities, team building exercises and condensing the time gap between the pre and post sessions as strategies for further improvement of this program.}, number={1}, journal={Journal of Leadership Education}, publisher={Journal of Leadership Education}, author={Jayaratne, K. S. U. and Owen, Mitchell and Jones, David}, year={2010}, month={Dec}, pages={17–35} }
 @article{smith_jayaratne_moore_kistler_smith_2010, title={Factors Affecting the Global Mindedness of Extension Agents: Implications for Building Global Awareness of Extension Agents}, volume={17}, ISSN={1077-0755}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.5191/jiaee.2010.17106}, DOI={10.5191/jiaee.2010.17106}, abstractNote={Because of the profound effect that globalization has on our society the Cooperative Extension Service of the United States has been challenged to develop programs that help people deal with these changes. The purpose of this study was to determine the level of global mindedness among Extension agents in North Carolina and to identify the factors affecting their global mindedness. This study found that the typical Extension agent from North Carolina has a moderate to high level of global mindedness on this scale. This study found that the level of Extension agents’ global mindedness varies with their age, levels of education, gender and programming area of job responsibility. This study revealed that Extension agents with international experience have a higher level of global mindedness and the agents who have participated in programs such as the Peace Corps and study abroad were more globally minded. This study found a weak positive relationship between the length of time Extension agents have spent abroad and their global mindedness. This study is significant because it describes how to determine the global mindedness of Extension agents and identify the factors affecting their global mindedness.}, number={1}, journal={Journal of International Agricultural and Extension Education}, publisher={Journal of International Agricultural and Extension Education}, author={Smith, Daniel B. and Jayaratne, K. S. U. and Moore, Gary and Kistler, Mark J. and Smith, David}, year={2010}, pages={59–67} }
 @article{stair_moore_wilson_croom_jayaratne_2010, title={Identifying Confidence Levels and Instructional Strategies of High School Agricultural Education Teachers When Working with Students with Special Needs}, volume={51}, ISSN={1042-0541}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.5032/jae.2010.02090}, DOI={10.5032/jae.2010.02090}, abstractNote={The purpose of this study was to identify confidence levels of high school agriculture teachers when working with students with special needs and to determine what strategies teachers are using within their classrooms. One state was randomly selected from each of the six National Association for Agricultural Education regions and a stratified random sampling method was used. A random sample of 333 was selected with a response rate of 62%. Participants completed a questionnaire that measured teacher confidence, identified the teaching strategies that were being used, ascertained the perceived effectiveness of the strategies, and collected demographic information. Data analysis indicated that teachers are using recognized practices in their classes, though they are more likely to use practices that are easy to implement and that benefit more students than specific individualized strategies. Overall, teachers are confident in their abilities; however, they disagree that their teacher training programs and in–service opportunities have prepared them to work with students with special needs. Multiple regression analysis was used to determine predictors of confidence, and the model for total teacher confidence accounted for 11.7% of the variance. The total regression model involved in–service participation, age, and having a friend or family member with a disability.}, number={2}, journal={Journal of Agricultural Education}, publisher={American Association for Agricultural Education}, author={Stair, Kristin and Moore, Gary and Wilson, Beth and Croom, Barry and Jayaratne, K.S.U.}, year={2010}, month={Jun}, pages={90–101} }
 @article{jayaratne_2010, title={Practical application of aspiration as an outcome indicator in Extension evaluation}, volume={48}, url={https://archives.joe.org/joe/2010april/tt1.php}, number={2}, journal={Journal of Extension}, author={Jayaratne, K.S.U.}, year={2010} }
 @article{benavente_jayaratne_jones_2009, title={Challenges, alternatives, and educational strategies in reaching limited income audiences}, volume={47}, number={6}, journal={Journal of Extension}, author={Benavente, L.M. and Jayaratne, K.S.U. and Jones, L.}, year={2009} }
 @inbook{peshin_jayaratne_singh_2009, title={Evaluation Research: Methodologies for Evaluation of IPM Programs}, ISBN={9781402089893 9781402089909}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-8990-9_2}, DOI={10.1007/978-1-4020-8990-9_2}, booktitle={Integrated Pest Management: Dissemination and Impact}, publisher={Springer Netherlands}, author={Peshin, Rajinder and Jayaratne, K.S.U. and Singh, Gurdeep}, year={2009}, month={Mar}, pages={31–78} }
 @article{jayaratne_harrison_bales_2009, title={Impact evaluation of food safety self-study extension programs: Do changes in knowledge relate to changes in behavior of program participants?}, volume={47}, number={3}, journal={Journal of Extension}, author={Jayaratne, K.S.U. and Harrison, J.A. and Bales, D.W.}, year={2009} }
 @article{jayaratne_bradley_driscoll_2009, title={Impact evaluation of integrated Extension programs: Lessons learned from the community gardening program}, volume={47}, number={3}, journal={Journal of Extension}, author={Jayaratne, K.S.U. and Bradley, L.K. and Driscoll, E.A.}, year={2009} }
 @article{jayaratne_lyons_palmer_2008, title={A user-friendly evaluation resource kit for Extension Agents delivering financial education programs}, volume={46}, number={1}, journal={Journal of Extension}, author={Jayaratne, K.S.U. and Lyons, A.C. and Palmer, L.}, year={2008} }
 @article{lyons_jayaratne_palmer_2008, title={Financial education and program evaluation for Extension professionals: From research to practical application}, volume={3}, journal={Journal of the National Extension Association of Family and Consumer Sciences}, author={Lyons, A.C. and Jayaratne, K.S.U. and Palmer, L.}, year={2008}, pages={29–35} }
 @article{jayaratne_2007, title={A practical tool for the evaluation of extension programs presented to older adults}, volume={45}, number={6}, journal={Journal of Extension}, author={Jayaratne, K.S.U.}, year={2007} }
 @article{jayaratne_2007, title={How to become an effective consumer of research in agricultural education?}, volume={79}, number={5}, journal={The Agricultural Education Magazine}, author={Jayaratne, K.S.U.}, year={2007}, pages={10–12} }
 @article{lyons_palmer_jayaratne_scherpf_2006, title={Are We Making the Grade? A National Overview of Financial Education and Program Evaluation}, volume={40}, ISSN={0022-0078}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6606.2006.00056.x}, DOI={10.1111/j.1745-6606.2006.00056.x}, abstractNote={ Many financial education providers still do not have a basic level of evaluation capacity and are unable to identify program outcomes and design effective evaluation instruments. It is difficult to propose a national evaluation strategy without a basic understanding of current evaluation capacity and of the critical gaps in program evaluation. In addition, there has been little discussion about the challenges facing financial professionals and educators who are on the “front lines” delivering and evaluating programs. The purpose of this survey article is to address these critical gaps in the literature and to provide an overview of the current state of financial education and program evaluation. Using qualitative and quantitative data collected from financial professionals and educators nationwide, this study provides insight into what can be done to build national evaluation capacity and conduct more effective program evaluations. }, number={2}, journal={Journal of Consumer Affairs}, publisher={Wiley}, author={Lyons, Angela C. and Palmer, Lance and Jayaratne, Koralalage S. U. and Scherpf, Erik}, year={2006}, month={Aug}, pages={208–235} }
 @book{jayaratne_lyons_palmer_2006, place={Denver, CO}, title={Financial Education Program Evaluation Manual}, publisher={National Endowment for Financial Education}, author={Jayaratne, K.S.U. and Lyons, A.C. and Palmer, L.}, year={2006} }
 @article{jayaratne_crawley_hanula_2005, title={A simple method to evaluate series- type Extension programs}, volume={43}, number={2}, journal={Journal of Extension}, author={Jayaratne, K.S.U. and Crawley, C. and Hanula, G.}, year={2005} }
 @article{jayaratne_crawley_hanula_2005, title={Walk-A-Weigh fights obesity: Impact evaluation of a nutrition and exercise program}, journal={Research Journal of Extension Family and Consumer Sciences}, author={Jayaratne, K.S.U. and Crawley, C. and Hanula, G.}, year={2005}, pages={5–8} }
 @article{jayaratne_gamon_1998, title={Effects Of Restructuring On The Job Performance Of Extension Educators: Implications For In-Service Training}, volume={39}, ISSN={1042-0541}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.5032/jae.1998.04045}, DOI={10.5032/jae.1998.04045}, abstractNote={As states restructure their extension organizations, they need to consider how the changes affect job performance of their reappointed staff out in the field. When Illinois restructured in 1991, reappointed staff faced four changes: changes in subject matter, geographic service area, primary contact group, and targeted clientele. 7his study generally found negative correlations among job performance and changes in primary contact group and targeted clientele. After direct effects of the four changes were separated out, there were indirect effects of the “‘anxiety level just after the reappointment” on job performance. Recommendations from this study can be useful for planning counseling and/or in-service training programs for staff when restructuring is considered.}, number={4}, journal={Journal of Agricultural Education}, publisher={American Association for Agricultural Education}, author={Jayaratne, K.S. U. and Gamon, Julia}, year={1998}, month={Dec}, pages={45–52} }