@article{das_kolar_sharma-shivappa_classen_osborne_2017, title={Catalytic Valorization of Lignin Using Niobium Oxide}, volume={8}, ISSN={["1877-265X"]}, DOI={10.1007/s12649-016-9717-8}, number={8}, journal={WASTE AND BIOMASS VALORIZATION}, author={Das, Lalitendu and Kolar, Praveen and Sharma-Shivappa, Ratna and Classen, John J. and Osborne, Jason A.}, year={2017}, month={Dec}, pages={2673–2680} }
 @article{wakchaure_das_kolar_2016, title={Eggshell as an inexpensive adsorbent for removal of p-Cresol}, volume={59}, number={3}, journal={Transactions of the ASABE}, author={Wakchaure, G. C. and Das, L. and Kolar, P.}, year={2016}, pages={965–974} }
 @article{karoshi_kolar_shah_gilleskie_das_2015, title={Calcined eggshell as an inexpensive catalyst for partial oxidation of methane}, volume={57}, ISSN={["1876-1089"]}, DOI={10.1016/j.jtice.2015.05.025}, abstractNote={Calcined eggshell was evaluated as an inexpensive catalyst for selective oxidation of methane. Experiments were conducted using a packed bed reactor to determine the effects of oxygen on methane ratio (1, 3 and 7), flow rate (0.4, 0.8 and 1.2 L/min), and temperature (650, 700, and 750 °C) on methane conversion and selectivity. Our results suggested that partial oxidation of methane on calcined eggshell yielded higher hydrocarbons (C2–C7) via oxidative coupling with an average fractional methane conversion of ∼30%. Several factors including oxygen concentration, flow rate, and temperature were observed to influence fractional methane conversion and product selectivity. Catalyst characterization showed enhanced porosity and surface area upon calcination due to removal of organics and carbon dioxide. Surface deformation was observed in spent catalyst due to the physical impact of feed gas. Results from this research are expected to add value to eggshells and enhance agricultural waste management opportunities in areas where poultry industry is concentrated.}, journal={JOURNAL OF THE TAIWAN INSTITUTE OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERS}, author={Karoshi, Gourishankar and Kolar, Praveen and Shah, Sanjay B. and Gilleskie, Gary and Das, Lalitendu}, year={2015}, month={Dec}, pages={123–128} }
 @article{fitzgerald_kolar_classen_boyette_das_2015, title={Swine Manure Char as an Adsorbent for Mitigation of p-Cresol}, volume={34}, ISSN={["1944-7450"]}, DOI={10.1002/ep.11972}, abstractNote={There is a significant interest in synthesizing inexpensive adsorbents for mitigating pollutants emitted from animal agriculture industry such as p‐cresol. Biochar, a byproduct obtained from thermochemical biomass processing is one such source of adsorbent materials. However, presently there is not enough quantitative information on adsorption of p‐cresol on biochar. Hence, the goal of this research is to investigate swine manure char as an inexpensive adsorbent for removal of p‐cresol from an aqueous system. Swine manure was gasified for 15 min at 704°C to obtain gasified manure char. The char was characterized using physical and chemical techniques. Batch experiments were performed in duplicates at 25°C, 35°C, and 45°C to determine the adsorption isotherms and kinetics. Results indicated that gasification enhanced surface area and acid value of manure from 11.42 ± 0.20 to 49.12 ± 0.79 m2 g−1 and 7.81 ± 0.05 to 8.57 ± 0.01, respectively. The enhanced basicity of the resultant char promoted chemisorption of p‐cresol on char surface with maximum adsorption capacities of 7.63 mg g−1 (25°C), 14.99 mg g−1 (35°C), and 14.84 mg g−1 (45°C). Langmuir and Freundlich models suggested that adsorption of p‐cresol on char was favorable. Kinetic analysis of the data also confirmed chemisorption of p‐cresol while the analysis of transport processes suggested that internal diffusion of p‐cresol within the pores was the rate‐limiting step. Use of biochar as an adsorbent for p‐cresol will add value to gasification byproducts and simultaneously reduce water and air pollution associated with swine farming operations. © 2014 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Environ Prog, 34: 125–131, 2015}, number={1}, journal={ENVIRONMENTAL PROGRESS & SUSTAINABLE ENERGY}, author={Fitzgerald, Sterling and Kolar, Praveen and Classen, John and Boyette, Mike and Das, Lalitendu}, year={2015}, month={Jan}, pages={125–131} }
 @article{das_kolar_classen_osborne_2013, title={Adsorbents from pine wood via K2CO3-assisted low temperature carbonization for adsorption of p-cresol}, volume={45}, ISSN={["1872-633X"]}, DOI={10.1016/j.indcrop.2012.12.010}, abstractNote={A low-temperature carbonization process was evaluated to synthesize an inexpensive adsorbent from pine wood to mitigate p-cresol from aqueous system. Surface response experiments using carbonization time, impregnation ratio (IR), and carbonization temperature as variables indicated that optimum adsorbent yield and adsorption were 63.22% and 5.40 mg g−1, respectively at carbonization temperature of 266 °C, IR of 2, and carbonization time of 2 h. The equilibrium adsorption data agreed with Langmuir's model and maximum theoretical adsorption of 6.97 mg g−1 was obtained at temperature 25 °C, unadjusted pH and adsorbent dose of 10 g L−1. The kinetic analysis combined with desorption study revealed that p-cresol chemisorbed on the adsorbent surface. Additionally, adsorption of p-cresol was found to be exothermic and inhibited by presence of surface acidic oxygen groups.}, journal={INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS}, author={Das, Lalitendu and Kolar, Praveen and Classen, John J. and Osborne, Jason A.}, year={2013}, month={Feb}, pages={215–222} }
 @article{love_kolar_classen_das_2011, title={Adsorption of ammonia on ozonated activated carbon}, volume={54}, DOI={10.13031/2013.39834}, abstractNote={In this theoretical research, we investigated ozonated granular activated carbon (OGAC) as an ammonia adsorbent in aqueous systems. Research objectives were to determine the (1) effectiveness of ozone loading on adsorption capacity of activated carbon in aqueous ammonia solutions, (2) kinetics and adsorption isotherms of ammonia adsorption, and (3) effect of volatile organic compounds on adsorption of ammonia from the aqueous phase. Batch experiments indicated that ozonation for 30 min enhanced the adsorption capacity of granular activated carbon from 0.47 ±0.065 mg g-1 to 1.02 ±0.099 mg g-1 due to increased surface oxygen species on activated carbon. These results suggested that activated carbon could be chemically modified to enhance the adsorption of ammonia from aqueous systems. Analysis of the rate data suggested that the adsorption of ammonia on OGAC followed an Elovich model with initial adsorption rate (a) and desorption constants (s) between 0.146 and 1.06 mg g-1 min-1 and 5.5 and 7.75 g mg-1, respectively (25°C to 45°C). The effect of temperature (25°C to 45°C) on adsorption was not found to be significant, suggesting that adsorption on OGAC was non-activated. However, presence of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) such as p-cresol and acetic acid inhibited adsorption of ammonia on OGAC. Future research is needed to synthesize activated carbon that can absorb ammonia and VOCs simultaneously.}, number={5}, journal={Transactions of the ASABE}, author={Love, C. D. and Kolar, P. and Classen, John and Das, L.}, year={2011}, pages={1931–1940} }