@article{scott_law_christiansen_lewbart_harms_2020, title={EVALUATION OF LOCALIZED INFLAMMATORY REACTIONS SECONDARY TO INTRAMUSCULAR INJECTIONS OF ENROFLOXACIN IN STRIPED BASS (MORONE SAXATILIS)}, volume={51}, ISSN={["1937-2825"]}, DOI={10.1638/2019-0096}, abstractNote={Abstract: Enrofloxacin is a fluoroquinolone widely used in animals including fish. Intramuscular (IM) injection of enrofloxacin is a feasible and efficacious option for drug delivery. In many species IM injection has been associated with injection site reactions and increases in serum muscle enzymes. Injection site reactions have not been well characterized in fish. Three groups of striped bass (Morone saxatilis) received an IM injection of enrofloxacin 2.27% in the right epaxial musculature 24, 48, or 96 hr prior to evaluation. Mean dose was 7.69 mg/ kg (6.14–9.69 mg/kg). The 24- and 48-hr groups received an injection of equal-volume 0.9% saline in the left epaxial musculature. A corresponding noninjected tissue sample was designated in the left epaxial musculature from each fish of the 96-hr group. Fish were euthanized and injection sites and noninjection control sites were evaluated grossly and histologically. Grades 1–4 were assigned to samples, with grade 1 corresponding to normal tissue and grades 2, 3, and 4 corresponding to mild, moderate, and severe inflammation and/or necrosis respectively. Externally, all control and injection sites appeared visually unremarkable. On cut surface, epaxial muscle of the enrofloxacin-injected tissue appeared moderately to severely hemorrhagic compared to saline and noninjected tissue, which was normal or mildly hemorrhagic. Histologically, eight of eight noninjected tissues were grade 1. For saline-injected tissues, 14 of 16 tissues were grade 2 and 2 samples were grade 3 when 24- and 48-hr groups were combined. For enrofloxacin-injected tissues, 8 of the 8 24-hr samples were grade 3 and 16 of the 16 48- and 96-hr samples were grade 4. These data show that IM injection of enrofloxacin 2.27% is associated with severe hemorrhage, necrosis, and inflammation in striped bass, and may negatively affect animal welfare.}, number={1}, journal={JOURNAL OF ZOO AND WILDLIFE MEDICINE}, author={Scott, Gregory and Law, Mac and Christiansen, Emily F. and Lewbart, Gregory A. and Harms, Craig A.}, year={2020}, month={Mar}, pages={46–52} }
 @article{risselada_tuohy_law_james_lascelles_2020, title={Local Administration of Carboplatin in Poloxamer 407 After an Ulnar Osteosarcoma Removal in a Dog}, volume={56}, ISSN={["1547-3317"]}, DOI={10.5326/JAAHA-MS-6926}, abstractNote={ABSTRACT}, number={6}, journal={JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN ANIMAL HOSPITAL ASSOCIATION}, author={Risselada, Marije and Tuohy, Joanne L. and Law, Mac and James, Mindi L. and Lascelles, B. Duncan X.}, year={2020}, pages={325–330} }
 @article{belcher_cline_conley_groeters_jefferson_law_mackey_suen_williams_dixon_et al._2019, title={Endocrine Disruption and Reproductive Pathology}, volume={47}, ISSN={["1533-1601"]}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-85076490433&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, DOI={10.1177/0192623319879903}, abstractNote={ During the past 20 years, investigations involving endocrine active substances (EAS) and reproductive toxicity have dominated the landscape of ecotoxicological research. This has occurred in concert with heightened awareness in the scientific community, general public, and governmental entities of the potential consequences of chemical perturbation in humans and wildlife. The exponential growth of experimentation in this field is fueled by our expanding knowledge into the complex nature of endocrine systems and the intricacy of their interactions with xenobiotic agents. Complicating factors include the ever-increasing number of novel receptors and alternate mechanistic pathways that have come to light, effects of chemical mixtures in the environment versus those of single EAS laboratory exposures, the challenge of differentiating endocrine disruption from direct cytotoxicity, and the potential for transgenerational effects. Although initially concerned with EAS effects chiefly in the thyroid glands and reproductive organs, it is now recognized that anthropomorphic substances may also adversely affect the nervous and immune systems via hormonal mechanisms and play substantial roles in metabolic diseases, such as type 2 diabetes and obesity. }, number={8}, journal={TOXICOLOGIC PATHOLOGY}, author={Belcher, Scott M. and Cline, J. Mark and Conley, Justin and Groeters, Sibylle and Jefferson, Wendy N. and Law, Mac and Mackey, Emily and Suen, Alisa A. and Williams, Carmen J. and Dixon, Darlene and et al.}, year={2019}, month={Dec}, pages={1049–1071} }
 @article{haschek_berenbaum_hinton_cora_chernoff_travlos_liu_lu_law_2019, title={Pathology in Ecological Research With Implications for One Health: Session Summary}, volume={47}, ISSN={["1533-1601"]}, DOI={10.1177/0192623319880530}, abstractNote={ This session explored the effects of pollutants on One Health at the ecosystem level that included microbes, insects, fish, and humans. The concept of One Health seeks to synergize medical, veterinary, and other health science disciplines to more effectively advance human and animal health. Presentations explored the interactions of pesticides, pathogens, phytochemicals, and xenobiotic biotransformation in bee colony losses critical for food security (bees have been recently listed under the 2017 US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) veterinary feed directive); the role of pathology in identifying the effects of pollutants on fish as sentinels for human health; the effects in rats of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) that can persist in the environment and contaminate drinking water; harmful algal blooms and toxin production leading to animal and human disease; and the processing of environmental carcinogens by intestinal microbiota. }, number={8}, journal={TOXICOLOGIC PATHOLOGY}, author={Haschek, Wanda M. and Berenbaum, May and Hinton, David E. and Cora, Michelle and Chernoff, Neil and Travlos, Gregory and Liu, Chih-Wei and Lu, Kun and Law, Mac}, year={2019}, month={Dec}, pages={1072–1075} }
 @article{barco_law_drummond_koopman_trapani_reinheimer_rose_swingle_williard_2016, title={Loggerhead turtles killed by vessel and fishery interaction in Virginia, USA, are healthy prior to death}, volume={555}, journal={Marine Ecology Progress Series}, author={Barco, S. and Law, M. and Drummond, B. and Koopman, H. and Trapani, C. and Reinheimer, S. and Rose, S. and Swingle, W. M. and Williard, A.}, year={2016}, pages={221–234} }
 @article{sackett_pow_rubino_aday_cope_kullman_rice_kwak_law_2015, title={Sources of endocrine-disrupting compounds in North Carolina waterways: A geographic information systems approach}, volume={34}, ISSN={0730-7268}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ETC.2797}, DOI={10.1002/etc.2797}, abstractNote={Abstract}, number={2}, journal={Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry}, publisher={Wiley}, author={Sackett, Dana K. and Pow, Crystal Lee and Rubino, Matthew J. and Aday, D. Derek and Cope, W. Gregory and Kullman, Seth and Rice, James A. and Kwak, Thomas J. and Law, Mac}, year={2015}, month={Jan}, pages={437–445} }
 @article{law_stromberg_meuten_cullen_2011, title={Necropsy or Autopsy? It’s All About Communication!}, volume={49}, ISSN={0300-9858 1544-2217}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0300985811410722}, DOI={10.1177/0300985811410722}, abstractNote={Several of us have decided that communication is more important than tradition. Yes, Virginia, we were all drilled in the discipline of veterinary pathology by traditionalists. We’re stubborn individualists, aren’t we? Greats like John King have necropsied thousands of animals, and we want our procedure to be distinguished from the ‘‘other’’ side—the RDs (well okay, the MDs). The short answer is that ‘‘necropsy’’ literally means ‘‘death examination’’ or examination of death and finds its application in the study of bodies following death. The term is general without reference to species. ‘‘Autopsy’’ literally means ‘‘self-examination,’’ and some of us were taught that the frame of reference for ‘‘self’’ referred to the postmortem examination of ‘‘ourselves’’ or our own species, humans. As such, postmortem examination of nonhumans was proscribed from using the term and was designated ‘‘necropsy.’’ But hold on there a minute, let’s see what Webster has to say. Or as Don Meuten likes to say, ‘‘Show me the reference!’’}, number={2}, journal={Veterinary Pathology}, publisher={SAGE Publications}, author={Law, M. and Stromberg, P. and Meuten, D. and Cullen, J.}, year={2011}, month={Jun}, pages={271–272} }
 @article{lombardini_law_lewis_2010, title={Nephroblastoma in two Siamese fighting fish Betta splendens}, volume={45}, number={3}, journal={Fish Pathology}, author={Lombardini, E. D. and Law, M. and Lewis, B. S.}, year={2010}, pages={137–139} }