@inbook{polyphenols and food-grade protein-polyphenol complexes for attenuation of food allergy_2024, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-323-96018-2.00112-7}, DOI={10.1016/B978-0-323-96018-2.00112-7}, abstractNote={Food grade strategies to alleviate allergies can provide a welcome alternative for individuals who suffer adverse reactions to certain proteins in foods. Polyphenolic phytochemicals, especially the ubiquitous flavonoid class of polyphenols, are able to bolster the human immune system in response to common food allergens. Unbound, free dietary polyphenols released during digestion after dietary intake of polyphenol-rich foods mitigate oxidative stress and inflammation provoked during an allergic reaction, but these molecules can also stabilize specific human allergic effector cells (mast cells, basophils) involved in the cascade of allergy symptoms. Polyphenols bound, non-covalently or covalently, to allergenic food proteins using food-compatible methods result in protein-polyphenol particulate complexes. The protein-polyphenol complexes deliver the same allergy-attenuation mechanisms as free polyphenols, but also have the capacity to mask allergenic epitopes on proteins and change protein conformation to reduce IgE recognition. Protein-polyphenol complexes are also capable of protecting ephemeral polyphenol molecules during transit in the human gastrointestinal tract, for delivery to the gut microbiome.}, booktitle={Encyclopedia of Food Allergy. Elsevier Publishers}, year={2024} }
 @article{silva_xiong_medeiros_grace_moncada_lila_hoskin_2024, title={Spray dried insect protein-polyphenol particles deliver health-relevant value-added food ingredients}, volume={9}, ISSN={["2666-8335"]}, DOI={10.1016/j.fufo.2024.100315}, abstractNote={A novel strategy to create value-added insect protein-derived ingredients is presented in this study. Spray dried protein-polyphenol particles were produced using aqueous polyphenol extracts of rosemary (RM) or muscadine grape pomace (MG) complexed with insect protein (IP) alone or blended with pea protein 50:50 (IPP). The spray drying process was evaluated (solids recovery SR and polyphenol retention PR) and the four experimental protein-polyphenol treatments IP–RM, IP-MG, IPP–RM and IPP–MG were characterized regarding their physicochemical, bioactivity, functional, bioaccessibility and thermal stability properties. Higher SR (53.7-53.3%) and PR (53.1 – 62.5%) were observed for IPP-derived particles (p<0.05). Particles had water activity in the microbiologically stable range (0.24-0.32) and high protein content (29.5%-38.3%) All particles had low hygroscopicity (<15%) and solubility between 44-52.83%. Remarkably high phenolic content (>68.5 mg GAE/g) was shown for MG-derived particles. Good emulsifying activity (1.85 to 16.46 m2/g) and emulsifying stability (> 60%), foaming capacity (4 – 57%) and foaming stability (2.0-37.3%) were observed for all insect protein-polyphenol particles. Differently from MG-derived particles, RM-derived treatments showed higher polyphenol bioaccessibility than non-complexed polyphenols (p<0.05). Overall, our study demonstrates that spray drying microencapsulation is an efficient strategy to produce attractively colored, value-added functional protein-polyphenol ingredients using insect protein.}, journal={FUTURE FOODS}, author={Silva, Edilene Souza da and Xiong, Jia and Medeiros, Fabio Gonsalves Macedo de and Grace, Mary and Moncada, Marvin and Lila, Mary Ann and Hoskin, Roberta Targino}, year={2024}, month={Jun} }
 @article{hoskin_grace_guiotto_pecorelli_valacchi_lila_2023, title={Development of Spray Dried Spirulina Protein-Berry Pomace Polyphenol Particles to Attenuate Pollution-Induced Skin Damage: A Convergent Food-Beauty Approach}, volume={12}, ISSN={["2076-3921"]}, url={https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox12071431}, DOI={10.3390/antiox12071431}, abstractNote={Spray drying (SD) microencapsulation of phytochemicals from berry pomaces with Spirulina protein (SP) was incorporated into a cosmeceutical topical formulation to mitigate pollution skin damage. Initially, microparticles produced with SP and polyphenols recovered from fruit pomaces (elderberry SP-EB and muscadine grape SP-MG) were characterized regarding physicochemical and phytochemical content (polyphenol load, carotenoid and phycocyanin contents and antioxidant activity). SP had low total phenolic content (7.43 ± 0.23 mg GAE/g DW), but complexation with elderberry or muscadine grape pomaces polyphenols led to a substantial increase (27.63 ± 1.15 SP-EB and 111.0 ± 2.6 mg GAE/g DW SP-MG). SP-MG particles had higher anthocyanin (26.87 ± 1.25 mg/g) and proanthocyanidin (9.02 ± 0.74 mg/g) contents compared to SP-EB particles. SP-MG were prioritized to prepare a topical gel to attenuate skin oxinflammatory markers and prevent skin barrier disruption using ex vivo human biopsies exposed to diesel engine exhaust (DEE). The immunofluorescence results showed increased oxidative protein damage and inflammation associated with impaired skin barrier function after DEE exposure while topical application of gel formulated with SP-MG mitigated these effects. Overall, this study demonstrated that protein-polyphenol complexation is a synergistic strategy to stabilize and deliver residual fruit/algae phytoactives into cosmeceutical products for skin health applications.}, number={7}, journal={ANTIOXIDANTS}, author={Hoskin, Roberta Targino and Grace, Mary H. and Guiotto, Anna and Pecorelli, Alessandra and Valacchi, Giuseppe and Lila, Mary Ann}, year={2023}, month={Jul} }
 @article{xiong_grace_kobayashi_lila_2023, title={Evaluation of saffron extract bioactivities relevant to skin resilience}, volume={37}, ISSN={["2210-8041"]}, url={https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hermed.2023.100629}, DOI={10.1016/j.hermed.2023.100629}, abstractNote={Saffron, Crocus sativus L, is a perennial spice herb. It has been extensively studied for its antioxidant, antidepressant, and anti-inflammatory properties, and has recently gained new interest for use in high-end cosmetics. The present work aims to elucidate the skin-protective properties of saffron in human dermal fibroblasts. The skin-protective properties of saffron extract were evaluated in terms of tyrosinase and collagenase inhibition activities, antioxidant activity in mouse macrophage cells, collagen synthesis and hyaluronic acid synthesis and cell migration activity in primary dermal fibroblast normal human neonatal cells (HDFn). Saffron’s main phytoactive constituents - crocins, picrocrocin, safranal, and crocetin - were quantified by LC-MS at 91.0, 61.5, 3.6, and 1.9 mg/g, respectively. Saffron extract inhibited tyrosinase and collagenase with IC50 0.78 mg/mL and 0.1 mg/mL, respectively. Saffron extracts (100–200 μg/mg) suppressed reactive oxygen species and nitric oxide generation in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated RAW 264.7 murine macrophage cells and promoted collagen and hyaluronic acid synthesis in HDFn. Saffron extract at 25 μg/mg significantly promoted migration of HDFn cells (wound healing capacity) compared to control (no treatment). The findings highlighted the potential benefits of saffron extract relevant to skin resilience.}, journal={JOURNAL OF HERBAL MEDICINE}, author={Xiong, Jia and Grace, Mary H. and Kobayashi, Hideka and Lila, Mary Ann}, year={2023}, month={Feb} }
 @article{tambe_jacquet_strathearn_hensel_colon_chandran_yousef_grace_ferruzzi_wu_et al._2023, title={Protective Effects of Polyphenol-Rich Extracts against Neurotoxicity Elicited by Paraquat or Rotenone in Cellular Models of Parkinson's Disease}, volume={12}, ISSN={["2076-3921"]}, url={https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox12071463}, DOI={10.3390/antiox12071463}, abstractNote={Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder involving motor symptoms caused by a loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra region of the brain. Epidemiological evidence suggests that anthocyanin (ANC) intake is associated with a low risk of PD. Previously, we reported that extracts enriched with ANC and proanthocyanidins (PAC) suppressed dopaminergic neuron death elicited by the PD-related toxin rotenone in a primary midbrain culture model. Here, we characterized botanical extracts enriched with a mixed profile of polyphenols, as well as a set of purified polyphenolic standards, in terms of their ability to mitigate dopaminergic cell death in midbrain cultures exposed to another PD-related toxicant, paraquat (PQ), and we examined underlying neuroprotective mechanisms. Extracts prepared from blueberries, black currants, grape seeds, grape skin, mulberries, and plums, as well as several ANC, were found to rescue dopaminergic neuron loss in PQ-treated cultures. Comparison of a subset of ANC-rich extracts for the ability to mitigate neurotoxicity elicited by PQ versus rotenone revealed that a hibiscus or plum extract was only neuroprotective in cultures exposed to rotenone or PQ, respectively. Several extracts or compounds with the ability to protect against PQ neurotoxicity increased the activity of the antioxidant transcription factor Nrf2 in cultured astrocytes, and PQ-induced dopaminergic cell death was attenuated in Nrf2-expressing midbrain cultures. In other studies, we found that extracts prepared from hibiscus, grape skin, or purple basil (but not plums) rescued defects in O2 consumption in neuronal cells treated with rotenone. Collectively, these findings suggest that extracts enriched with certain combinations of ANC, PAC, stilbenes, and other polyphenols could potentially slow neurodegeneration in the brains of individuals exposed to PQ or rotenone by activating cellular antioxidant mechanisms and/or alleviating mitochondrial dysfunction.}, number={7}, journal={ANTIOXIDANTS}, author={Tambe, Mitali A. and Jacquet, Aurelie de Rus and Strathearn, Katherine E. and Hensel, Jennifer A. and Colon, Bryce D. and Chandran, Aswathy and Yousef, Gad G. and Grace, Mary H. and Ferruzzi, Mario G. and Wu, Qingli and et al.}, year={2023}, month={Jul} }
 @article{hoskin_grace_xiong_lila_2023, title={Spray-drying microencapsulation of blackcurrant and cocoa polyphenols using underexplored plant-based protein sources}, volume={5}, ISSN={["1750-3841"]}, url={https://doi.org/10.1111/1750-3841.16590}, DOI={10.1111/1750-3841.16590}, abstractNote={AbstractThe performance of buckwheat protein (BK) and chia seed protein (CP) as drying carriers for the microencapsulation of polyphenols extracted from blackcurrant pomace and cocoa powder was investigated. Four experimental groups were evaluated (BK–BC: blackcurrant pomace extract with buckwheat protein; CP–BC: blackcurrant pomace extract with chia:pea protein blend; BK–CC: cocoa extract with buckwheat protein; and CP–CC: cocoa extract with chia:pea protein blend) to determine physicochemical attributes, phytochemical content, antioxidant activity, and polyphenol in vitro bioaccessibility. Nonconventional, underexploited protein sources such as chia/pea protein blend and buckwheat protein efficiently produced functional microparticles with attractive color and texture, low hygroscopicity (<20% increase in moisture content when exposed to 86% relative humidity for 1 week), solubility above 50% at pH 7 and 10, and uniform particle size (29 < D4,3 < 56 µm). Besides this, the protein–polyphenol microparticles concentrated and protected health‐relevant polyphenol content. Anthocyanins were detected in blackcurrant treatments (around 20 mg cyanidin‐3‐O‐glucoside equivalents/g), while proanthocyanidins (PAC) were the most prevalent polyphenols in cocoa treatments (>100 mg PAC B2/g). Monomers were the main class of PAC in both BK–CC and CP–CC treatments. All protein–polyphenol treatments reduced both reactive oxygen species and nitric oxide production in lipopolysaccharide‐activated cells (p < 0.05). The polyphenol recovery index was high (>70%) for both oral and gastric phases, and BK‐derived groups had better bioaccessibility index compared to BC or CC alone (noncomplexed). This research provided a framework for delivery of high‐value ingredients to attend to an emerging market centered on protein‐rich, clean label plant‐based food products.}, journal={JOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE}, author={Hoskin, Roberta Targino and Grace, Mary H. H. and Xiong, Jia and Lila, Mary Ann}, year={2023}, month={May} }
 @article{lila_hoskin_grace_xiong_strauch_ferruzzi_iorizzo_kay_2022, title={Boosting the Bioaccessibility of Dietary Bioactives by Delivery as Protein-Polyphenol Aggregate Particles}, volume={4}, ISSN={["1520-5118"]}, url={https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jafc.2c00398}, DOI={10.1021/acs.jafc.2c00398}, abstractNote={Protein-polyphenol aggregate particles concurrently fortify a functional food product with healthy dietary proteins and concentrated polyphenols. However, what impact does ingestion of aggregate particles have on ultimate health relevance of either the polyphenolic molecules in the matrix or the protein molecules? Because human health benefits are contingent on bioavailability after ingestion, the fate of these molecules during transit in the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) will dictate their utility as functional food ingredients. This brief review explores diverse applications of protein-polyphenol particles in the food industry and the bioaccessibility of both bioactive polyphenolic compounds and edible proteins. Evidence to date suggests that complexation of phytoactive polyphenolics effectively enhances their health-relevant impacts, specifically because the phytoactives are protected in the protein matrix during transit in the GIT, allowing intact, non-degraded molecules to reach the colon for catabolism at the gut microbiome level, a prerequisite to realize the health benefits of these active compounds.}, journal={JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY}, publisher={American Chemical Society (ACS)}, author={Lila, Mary Ann and Hoskin, Roberta Targino and Grace, Mary H. and Xiong, Jia and Strauch, Renee and Ferruzzi, Mario and Iorizzo, Massimo and Kay, Colin}, year={2022}, month={Apr} }
 @article{mengist_grace_mackey_munoz_pucker_bassil_luby_ferruzzi_lila_iorizzo_2022, title={Dissecting the genetic basis of bioactive metabolites and fruit quality traits in blueberries (Vaccinium corymbosum L.)}, volume={13}, ISSN={["1664-462X"]}, DOI={10.3389/fpls.2022.964656}, abstractNote={Blueberry is well-recognized as a healthy fruit with functionality derived largely from anthocyanin and chlorogenic acid. Despite their importance, no study to date has evaluated the genetic basis of these bioactives in blueberries and their relationship with fruit quality traits. Hence, to fill this gap, a mapping population including 196 F1 individuals was phenotyped for anthocyanin and chlorogenic acid concentration and fruit quality traits (titratable acidity, pH, and total soluble solids) over 3 years and data were used for QTL mapping and correlation analysis. Total soluble solids and chlorogenic acid were positively correlated with glycosylated anthocyanin and total anthocyanin, respectively, indicating that parallel selection for these traits is possible. Across all the traits, a total of 188 QTLs were identified on chromosomes 1, 2, 4, 8, 9, 11 and 12. Notably, four major regions with overlapping major-effect QTLs were identified on chromosomes 1, 2, 4 and 8, and were responsible for acylation and glycosylation of anthocyanins in a substrate and sugar donor specific manner. Through comparative transcriptome analysis, multiple candidate genes were identified for these QTLs, including glucosyltransferases and acyltransferases. Overall, the study provides the first insights into the genetic basis controlling anthocyanins accumulation and composition, chlorogenic acid and fruit quality traits, and establishes a framework to advance genetic studies and molecular breeding for anthocyanins in blueberry.}, journal={FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE}, author={Mengist, Molla Fentie and Grace, Mary H. and Mackey, Ted and Munoz, Bryan and Pucker, Boas and Bassil, Nahla and Luby, Claire and Ferruzzi, Mario and Lila, Mary Ann and Iorizzo, Massimo}, year={2022}, month={Sep} }
 @article{grace_hoskin_hayes_iorizzo_kay_ferruzzi_lila_2022, title={Spray-dried and freeze-dried protein-spinach particles; effect of drying technique and protein type on the bioaccessibility of carotenoids, chlorophylls, and phenolics}, volume={388}, ISSN={["1873-7072"]}, DOI={10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.133017}, abstractNote={The effects of protein carrier and drying technique on the concentration and bioaccessibility of lipophilic compounds (lutein, β-carotene, chlorophylls a and b) and hydrophilic flavonoids in freeze-dried (FD) or spray-dried (SD) spinach juice and protein-spinach particles were investigated. Carotenoid and chlorophyll contents were highest in FD spinach juice without protein (147 and 1355 mg/100 g, respectively). For both SD and FD protein-spinach particles, SPI best protected carotenoids and chlorophylls (123 and 1160 mg/g, respectively), although the bioaccessibility of lipophilic compounds in WPI particles was higher than SPI particles (p < 0.05). For flavonoids, the drying technique was more important than the type of carrier, since FD particles had higher total flavonoids than SD. However, SD particles had higher bioaccessibility for most flavonoids (40-90 %) compared to FD (<20 %). The drying method and protein carrier can be designed to produce protein-spinach ingredients with desired concentration of compounds and bioaccessibility.}, journal={FOOD CHEMISTRY}, author={Grace, Mary H. and Hoskin, Roberta T. and Hayes, Micaela and Iorizzo, Massimo and Kay, Colin and Ferruzzi, Mario G. and Lila, Mary Ann}, year={2022}, month={Sep} }
 @article{pambianchi_hagenberg_pecorelli_grace_therrien_lila_valacchi_2021, title={Alaskan Bog Blueberry (Vaccinium uliginosum) Extract as an Innovative Topical Approach to Prevent UV-Induced Skin Damage}, volume={8}, ISSN={["2079-9284"]}, url={https://www.mdpi.com/2079-9284/8/4/112}, DOI={10.3390/cosmetics8040112}, abstractNote={Our body is continuously exposed to various exogenous aggressors, and, in particular, the skin represents the main target for outdoor stressors, including ultraviolet (UV) radiation. UV exposure is well-known to be associated with the development/worsening of extrinsic photoaging and a multitude of skin conditions. Considering the role of photoprotection in skin health, the research of natural photoprotective molecules becomes of great importance. Therefore, in this work we wanted to evaluate the beneficial protective effects of ripe berries of Vaccinium uliginosum (Alaska bog blueberry (BB)) extract (100 μg/mL) for preventing the cutaneous oxidative, inflammatory, and structural damage induced by exposure to 200 mJ of UVA/UVB radiation. We observed that the topical application of BB extract on human ex vivo skin explants averted the UV-induced cutaneous OxInflammatory phenomenon by quenching the increase in the oxidative and inflammatory marker levels, such as 4-hydroxynonenal (4HNE), heme-oxygenase-1 (HO-1), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX2), and aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR); as well as by counteracting the loss of structural proteins (filaggrin and involucrin) induced by UV radiation. Our data propose the use of a topical application of Alaska bog blueberry extract as a natural and valuable approach to ensure photoprotection against UV-induced skin damage and premature aging.}, number={4}, journal={COSMETICS}, author={Pambianchi, Erika and Hagenberg, Zachary and Pecorelli, Alessandra and Grace, Mary and Therrien, Jean-Philippe and Lila, Mary Ann and Valacchi, Giuseppe}, year={2021}, month={Dec} }
 @article{lujan_dura_guzman_grace_lila_steiner_sanogo_2021, title={Efficacy of Pecan Husk and Shell Phenolic Extracts Against Phytophthora Blight in Chile Pepper}, volume={22}, ISSN={["1535-1025"]}, DOI={10.1094/PHP-02-21-0024-FI}, abstractNote={ Phytophthora blight, caused by Phytophthora capsici, is detrimental to chile peppers (Capsicum sp.). In this study, phenolics extracted from pecan (Carya illinoinensis) husk and shell were foliarly applied to chile pepper (Capsicum annuum L., cultivar NM 6-4) to induce a resistance response against plant infection by P. capsici. Several pecan metabolite extractions were tested, and an acetic acid (2%) in aqueous methanol (80%) solution was the best extraction solvent, yielding total polyphenolic content of 290 mg/g dry weight from husk and 641 mg/g from shell. The phenolic extracts from husk and shell were applied as foliar sprays at different concentrations to chile plants inoculated with a virulent isolate of P. capsici. Chile plants treated with 1% phenolic husk or shell extracts or 0.1% salicylic acid remained alive throughout the study, whereas plants subjected to all other treatments (including a water control treatment) died. Analyses of the extracts through spectrophotometry and high-performance liquid chromatography indicated that the phenolic content in the extracts was largely made up of proanthocyanidins also known as condensed tannins. Pecan byproducts may be used as additional options for management of Phytophthora blight. }, number={3}, journal={PLANT HEALTH PROGRESS}, author={Lujan, Phillip and Dura, Srijana and Guzman, Ivette and Grace, Mary and Lila, Mary A. and Steiner, Robert and Sanogo, Soum}, year={2021}, pages={342–347} }
 @article{jacquet_ambaw_tambe_ma_timmers_grace_wu_simon_mccabe_lila_et al._2021, title={Neuroprotective mechanisms of red clover and soy isoflavones in Parkinson's disease models}, volume={7}, ISSN={["2042-650X"]}, url={https://doi.org/10.1039/D1FO00007A}, DOI={10.1039/d1fo00007a}, abstractNote={The isoflavone-rich extracts red clover and soy and the individual isoflavones daidzein and equol protect neuronal cultures against triggers of Parkinson's disease, and rescue motor deficits in rats exposed to the neurotoxin 6-OHDA.}, journal={FOOD & FUNCTION}, publisher={Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)}, author={Jacquet, Aurelie de Rus and Ambaw, Abeje and Tambe, Mitali Arun and Ma, Sin Ying and Timmers, Michael and Grace, Mary H. and Wu, Qing-Li and Simon, James E. and McCabe, George P. and Lila, Mary Ann and et al.}, year={2021}, month={Jul} }
 @article{hoskin_pambianchi_pecorelli_grace_therrien_valacchi_lila_2021, title={Novel Spray Dried Algae-Rosemary Particles Attenuate Pollution-Induced Skin Damage}, volume={26}, ISSN={["1420-3049"]}, url={https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules26133781}, DOI={10.3390/molecules26133781}, abstractNote={The present study investigated the effect of spray-dried algae-rosemary particles against pollution-induced damage using ex-vivo human biopsies exposed to diesel engine exhaust (DEE). For this, the complexation of hydroalcoholic rosemary extract with Chlorella (RCH) and Spirulina (RSP) protein powders was conducted. The process efficiency and concentration of rosmarinic acid (RA), carnosic acid (CA), and carnosol (CR) phenolic compounds of both products were compared. The RSP spray-dried production was more efficient, and RSP particles presented higher CR and CA and similar RA concentrations. Therefore, spray-dried RSP particles were prioritized for the preparation of a gel formulation that was investigated for its ability to mitigate pollution-induced skin oxinflammatory responses. Taken altogether, our ex-vivo data clearly demonstrated the ability of RSP gel to prevent an oxinflammatory phenomenon in cutaneous tissue by decreasing the levels of 4-hydroxynonenal protein adducts (4HNE-PA) and active matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) as well as by limiting the loss of filaggrin induced by DEE exposure. Our results suggest that the topical application of spirulina-rosemary gel is a good approach to prevent pollution-induced skin aging/damage.}, number={13}, journal={MOLECULES}, publisher={MDPI AG}, author={Hoskin, Roberta and Pambianchi, Erika and Pecorelli, Alessandra and Grace, Mary and Therrien, Jean-Philippe and Valacchi, Giuseppe and Lila, Mary Ann}, year={2021}, month={Jul} }
 @article{lawrence_zwetsloot_arthur_sherman_huot_badmaev_grace_lila_nieman_shanely_2021, title={Phytoecdysteroids Do Not Have Anabolic Effects in Skeletal Muscle in Sedentary Aging Mice}, volume={18}, ISSN={["1660-4601"]}, url={https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18020370}, DOI={10.3390/ijerph18020370}, abstractNote={Skeletal muscle mass and strength are lost with aging. Phytoecdysteroids, in particular 20-hydroxyecdysone (20E), increase protein synthesis in C2C12 skeletal muscle cells and muscle strength in young rats. The objective of this study was to determine whether an extract from Ajuga turkestanica (ATE), enriched in phytoecdysteroids, and 20E affect skeletal muscle mass and fiber size, fiber type, activation of the PI3K–Akt signaling pathway, and the mRNA levels of MAFbx, MuRF-1, and myostatin in sedentary aging mice. Aging male C57BL/6 mice (20 months old) received ATE, 20E, or vehicle (CT) once per day for 28 days or a single acute dose. Treatment did not alter body, muscle, or organ mass; fiber cross-sectional area; or fiber type in the triceps brachii or plantaris muscles. Likewise, protein synthesis signaling markers (i.e., phosphorylation of AktSer473 and p70S6kThr389) measured after either 28 days or acutely were unchanged. Neither ATE nor 20E treatment for 28 days affected the mRNA levels of MAFbx, MuRF-1, and myostatin. In conclusion, these data indicate that phytoecdysteroid treatment does not alter muscle mass or fiber type, nor does it activate protein synthesis signaling in the skeletal muscle of sedentary aging mice.}, number={2}, journal={INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH}, author={Lawrence, Marcus M. and Zwetsloot, Kevin A. and Arthur, Susan T. and Sherman, Chase A. and Huot, Joshua R. and Badmaev, Vladimir and Grace, Mary and Lila, Mary Ann and Nieman, David C. and Shanely, R. Andrew}, year={2021}, month={Jan} }
 @article{hughes_connors_grace_lila_willans_wommack_2021, title={The same anthocyanins served four different ways: Insights into anthocyanin structure-function relationships from the wintergreen orchid, Tipularia discolor}, volume={303}, ISSN={["1873-2259"]}, url={https://doi.org/10.1016/j.plantsci.2020.110793}, DOI={10.1016/j.plantsci.2020.110793}, abstractNote={Over 500 unique anthocyanins have been described to date, which vary in color, antioxidant, light-attenuating, and antimicrobial properties. Identification of anthocyanin chemical structure may therefore serve as an important clue to their in situ function in plants. We characterized the histological and chemical structures of anthocyanins associated with diverse leaf color patterns in the terrestrial orchid, Tipularia discolor, as a step towards understanding their ultimate function. Tipularia discolor produces a single wintergreen leaf in autumn, which is drab brown in color during expansion. Upper (adaxial) surfaces of fully-expanded leaves may be green, purple-spotted, or solid purple, while lower (abaxial) surfaces are bright magenta. Our results showed that the same three cyanidin 3,7,3′-triglucosides, in similar concentrations and proportions, accounted for coloration in each of these cases, and that different colors result from differences in histological location of anthocyanins (i.e. abaxial/adaxial epidermis, mesophyll). Anthocyanins with 3,7,3′ linkage positions are rare in plants, occurring only within the orchid subfamily Epidendroideae, to which Tipularia belongs. These results are important to the discussion of anthocyanin structure-function because they serve as a reminder that 1) plants may employ the same anthocyanins in different anatomical locations to achieve a broad range of colors (and potentially adaptive functions), and 2) anthocyanin chemical structure and anatomical location are influenced by phylogenetic inertia, as well as natural selection.}, journal={PLANT SCIENCE}, author={Hughes, Nicole M. and Connors, Michaela K. and Grace, Mary H. and Lila, Mary Ann and Willans, Brooke N. and Wommack, Andrew J.}, year={2021}, month={Feb} }
 @article{grace_hoskin_xiong_lila_2021, title={Whey and soy proteins as wall materials for spray drying rosemary: Effects on polyphenol composition, antioxidant activity, bioaccessibility after in vitro gastrointestinal digestion and stability during storage}, volume={149}, ISSN={["1096-1127"]}, url={https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lwt.2021.111901}, DOI={10.1016/j.lwt.2021.111901}, abstractNote={A straightforward protocol was developed to produce rosemary particles using whey and soy protein carriers. The post-processing retention of carnosic acid (CA), carnosol (CR) and rosmarinic acid (RA), their bioaccessibility, in vitro antioxidant activity, and storage stability were investigated in protein-rosemary particles compared to rosemary extract (RME). Solids recovery was highest for whey protein or whey-inulin blend complexed with rosemary (R–WPI, R–WIN, ~90%), followed by soy protein or soy-inulin (R–SPI, R–SIN, 60% and 70%); all were higher than rosemary alone (RME, 52%). Protein or protein/inulin carriers significantly enhanced retention of CR (36.8–50.7 mg/g) and CA (17.1–19.6 mg/g) compared to RME (19.8 mg/g and 8.3 mg/g, respectively). In vitro digestibility showed that whey protein isolate increased the bioaccessibility of CA and CR, with no effect on RA, which was highly bioaccessible in all formulations. The rosemary-protein-treatments retained high antioxidant activity measured by ROS and NO assays. CR and CA were particularly stable during 20 weeks of storage in protein-rosemary particles, and stayed at their higher concentration compared to RME. Water activity was below 0.5 and remarkable color stability was observed during storage. Overall, spray dried protein-rosemary particles constitute a creative solution to deliver preserved phytochemicals in a high-protein food format.}, journal={LWT-FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY}, publisher={Elsevier BV}, author={Grace, Mary H. and Hoskin, Roberta and Xiong, Jia and Lila, Mary Ann}, year={2021}, month={Sep} }
 @article{mengist_grace_xiong_kay_bassil_hummer_ferruzzi_lila_iorizzo_2020, title={Diversity in Metabolites and Fruit Quality Traits in Blueberry Enables Ploidy and Species Differentiation and Establishes a Strategy for Future Genetic Studies}, volume={11}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-85083515632&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, DOI={10.3389/fpls.2020.00370}, abstractNote={Blueberry is well recognized as a rich source of health promoting phytochemicals such as flavonoids and phenolic acids. Multiple studies in blueberry and other crops indicated that flavonoids and phenolic acids function as bioactive compounds in the human body promoting multiple health effects. Despite their importance, information is limited about the levels of variation in bioactive compounds within and between ploidy level and species, and their association with fruit quality traits. Such information is crucial to define a strategy to study the genetic mechanisms controlling these traits and to select for these traits in blueberry breeding programs. Here we evaluated 33 health related phytochemicals belonging to four major groups of flavonoids and phenolic acids across 128 blueberry accessions over two years together with fruit quality traits, including fruit weight, titratable acidity, total soluble acids and pH. Highly significant variation between accessions, years, and accession by year interaction were identified for most of the traits. Cluster analysis grouped phytochemicals by their functional structure (e.g., anthocyanins, flavanols, flavonols, and phenolic acids). Multivariate analysis of the traits resulted in separation of diploid, tetraploid and hexaploid accessions. Broad sense heritability of the traits estimated in 100 tetraploid accessions, ranged from 20 to 90%, with most traits revealing moderate to high broad sense heritability (H2 > 40%), suggesting that strong genetic factors control these traits. Fruit size can be estimated as a proxy of fruit weight or volume and vice versa, and it was negatively correlated with content of most of phytochemicals evaluated here. However, size-independent variation for anthocyanin content and profile (e.g., acylated vs. non-acylated anthocyanin) exists in the tetraploid accessions and can be explored to identify other factors such as genes related to the biosynthetic pathway that control this trait. This result also suggests that metabolite concentrations and fruit size, to a certain degree can be improved simultaneously in breeding programs. Overall, the results of this study provide a framework to uncover the genetic basis of bioactive compounds and fruit quality traits and will be useful to advance blueberry-breeding programs focusing on integrating these traits.}, journal={Frontiers in Plant Science}, author={Mengist, M.F. and Grace, M.H. and Xiong, J. and Kay, C.D. and Bassil, N. and Hummer, K. and Ferruzzi, M.G. and Lila, M.A. and Iorizzo, M.}, year={2020} }
 @article{xiong_chan_rathinasabapathy_grace_komarnytsky_lila_2020, title={Enhanced stability of berry pomace polyphenols delivered in protein-polyphenol aggregate particles to an in vitro gastrointestinal digestion model}, volume={331}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-85086513528&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, DOI={10.1016/j.foodchem.2020.127279}, abstractNote={Stability of protein-polyphenol aggregate particles, created by complexing polyphenols from blueberry and muscadine grape pomaces with a rice-pea protein isolate blend, was evaluated in an in vitro gastrointestinal model. Recovery index (RI; % total phenolics present post-digestion) was 69% and 62% from blueberry and muscadine grape protein-polyphenol particles, compared to 23% and 31% for the respective pomace extracts. Anthocyanins RI was 52% and 42% from particles (6% and 13% from pomace extracts), and proanthocyanidins RI was 77% and 73% from particles (25% and 14% from pomace extracts), from blueberry and grape, respectively. Protein-polyphenol particle digests retained 1.5 to 2-fold higher antioxidant capacity and suppressed the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines, iNOS, IL6, and IL1β, compared to unmodified extract digests, which only suppressed IL6. Protein-polyphenol particles as a delivery vehicle in foods may confer better stability during gastrointestinal transit, allow protected polyphenols to reach the gut microbiota, and preserve polyphenol bioactivity.}, journal={Food Chemistry}, publisher={Elsevier BV}, author={Xiong, Jia and Chan, Yu Hsuan and Rathinasabapathy, Thirumurugan and Grace, Mary H. and Komarnytsky, Slavko and Lila, Mary Ann}, year={2020}, pages={127279} }
 @article{aldayel_alshammari_omar_grace_lila_yahya_2020, title={Hypoglycaemic, insulin releasing, and hepatoprotective effect of the aqueous extract of Aloe perryi Baker resin (Socotran Aloe) in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats}, volume={14}, url={https://doi.org/10.1080/16583655.2020.1855859}, DOI={10.1080/16583655.2020.1855859}, abstractNote={ABSTRACT This study evaluated the anti-diabetic and hepatic protective effect of the aqueous extract of the Aloe perryi (AP) in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Rat were divided into control, diabetic, diabetic + glimepiride, diabetic + AP (150 or 300 mg/Kg) groups. AP (300 mg/Kg) alone lowered fasting serum glucose levels but increased insulin levels and HOMA-β. At both doses, AP significantly decreased hepatic levels of CHOL and LDL-C and reduced serum levels of TGs, CHOL, and LDL-C, without altering levels of HDL-C in the diabetic rats. Also, they improved liver architectures and reduced serum levels of ALT and AST. Concomitantly, they suppressed hepatic levels of MDA, and increase hepatic levels of SOD, GSH, CAT, and GPx. Except for lipids, the effect of the extract on all other parameters was more profound with the higher dose of the extract. In conclusion, AP extract exerts hypoglycaemic, insulin-releasing, and hepatic antioxidant potentials in diabetic rats.}, number={1}, journal={Journal of Taibah University for Science}, publisher={Informa UK Limited}, author={Aldayel, Tahany Saleh and Alshammari, Ghedeir M. and Omar, Ulfat Mohammed and Grace, Mary H. and Lila, Mary Ann and Yahya, Mohammed A.}, year={2020}, month={Jan}, pages={1671–1685} }
 @article{luckring_parker_hani_grace_lila_pierce_adin_2020, title={In Vitro Evaluation of a Novel Synthetic Bilirubin Analog as an Antioxidant and Cytoprotective Agent for Pancreatic Islet Transplantation}, volume={29}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-85083948714&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, DOI={10.1177/0963689720906417}, abstractNote={Bilirubin is a natural cytoprotective agent and physiologic doses have proven to be beneficial in various models of organ and cellular transplantation. Recently, we showed that bilirubin has protective effects in models of pancreatic islet transplantation, preventing cell death associated with islet stress and suppressing the release of damage-associated molecular patterns. Despite these promising therapeutic attributes, the natural bilirubin used in these research studies is animal-derived (porcine), making it unsuitable for clinical application. In the current study, we synthesized two bilirubin analogs that can be produced without the use of animal-derived products. Antioxidant activity for the analogs was measured using the ferric-reducing-ability-of-plasma (FRAP) and 2,2V-azinobis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonate) (ABTS) assays. Dose-dependent cytotoxicity and cytoprotective effects were then demonstrated in isolated rat islets. Compound 1 showed similar antioxidant activity to natural bilirubin. Dose-dependent cytotoxicity was seen following treatment with Compound 1 and natural bilirubin at doses >40 μM, resulting in significantly increased cell death when compared to control islets ( P < 0.05) or islets treated with doses ≤20 μM ( P < 0.05). Following hypoxic challenge, islet cell death was reduced in islets treated with Compound 1 at 10 μM (17.27% ± 0.26%) compared to natural bilirubin at 10 μM (51.36% ± 0.71%; P < 0.0001) or 20 μM (59.02% ± 0.83%; P < 0.0001) and control islets (36.51% ± 0.44%; P < 0.0001). Compound 1 was found to have promising antioxidant and cytoprotective effects, limiting islet cell death in a model of islet transplantation hypoxic stress. Compound 1 may serve as a synthetic drug lead for clinical islet transplantation and further evaluation of this molecule and its analogs is warranted.}, journal={Cell transplantation}, publisher={SAGE Publications}, author={Luckring, E.J. and Parker, P.D. and Hani, H. and Grace, M.H. and Lila, M.A. and Pierce, J.G. and Adin, C.A.}, year={2020}, pages={096368972090641} }
 @article{aldayel_grace_lila_yahya_omar_alshammary_2020, title={LC-MS characterization of bioactive metabolites from two Yemeni Aloe spp. with antioxidant and antidiabetic properties}, volume={13}, ISSN={["1878-5379"]}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-85079519944&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, DOI={10.1016/j.arabjc.2020.02.003}, abstractNote={Two Yemeni Aloe(s) have been investigated; the resin from A. perry Baker (APR, Socotran Aloe), and the gel from A. vera (AVG, Saber Yamaniis). LC-MS for APR identified aloin B, aloinoside B/A, homonataloin B and microdontin B/A as the major components, constituting 67.7% w/w of the extract. AVG showed the same pattern of anthrones (19.5% w/w), in addition to the chromones aloesin, aloeresin A, aloeresin D and aloeresin E. Dihydro-isocoumarin glucoside was identified in both Aloe species. Aloe extracts showed high antioxidant activity: DPPH (0.09 & 0.05 mM/g TE), ABTS (0.06 & 0.03 mM/g TE), and FRAP (20.5 & 15.5 mM Fe+2E), for APR & AVG, respectively. The antidiabetic properties was evaluated through inhibition of α-glucosidase enzyme. APR showed inhibitory activity with IC50 0.76 μg/mL higher than AVG (IC50 0.76 mg/mL). Aloin A showed the highest inhibitory activity with IC50 0.34 mg/mL that was higher than acarbose (0.54 mg/mL) the positive control, indicating that the activity of Aloe extract is linked to the aloin and other anthrone compounds. These findings highlight the phytochemical profile, antioxidant and potential antidiabetic activity of the Yemeni Aloe species and draw attention to their potential application in food, medicine and cosmetic products.}, number={4}, journal={ARABIAN JOURNAL OF CHEMISTRY}, author={Aldayel, Tahany S. and Grace, Mary H. and Lila, Mary Ann and Yahya, Mohammed A. and Omar, Ulfat M. and Alshammary, Ghedeir}, year={2020}, month={Apr}, pages={5040–5049} }
 @article{xiong_matta_grace_lila_ward_felipe-sotelo_esposito_2020, title={Phenolic content, anti-inflammatory properties, and dermal wound repair properties of industrially processed and non-processed acai from the Brazilian Amazon}, volume={11}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-85087110900&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, DOI={10.1039/c9fo03109j}, abstractNote={Industrial processing affected polyphenol content, anti-inflammatory properties, and dermal wound repair properties of Brazilian Amazon Acai extracts.}, number={6}, journal={Food & function}, publisher={Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)}, author={Xiong, Jia and Matta, Fernanda V. and Grace, Mary and Lila, Mary Ann and Ward, Neil I. and Felipe-Sotelo, Monica and Esposito, Debora}, year={2020}, pages={4903–4914} }
 @article{esposito_overall_grace_komarnytsky_lila_2019, title={Alaskan Berry Extracts Promote Dermal Wound Repair Through Modulation of Bioenergetics and Integrin Signaling}, volume={10}, ISSN={["1663-9812"]}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-85073015678&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, DOI={10.3389/fphar.2019.01058}, abstractNote={Various wild berry species endemic to Alaska and the circumpolar North that exhibit unique medicinal properties have long been appreciated by indigenous Arctic communities. Traditional use of Alaskan berry preparations in the treatment of skin wounds is recorded but has not been scientifically evaluated. Alaskan wild berries feature diverse phytochemical compositions that contain a variety of bioactive polyphenols exhibiting anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antimicrobial properties, making them ideal for wound healing interventions and natural anti-aging cosmeceutical formulations. Given increasing interest in identifying biologically active plant constituents for wound care and cosmeceutical applications, the objective of this study was to screen several wild berry species endemic to Alaska and the circumpolar Artic for wound healing and in the crude, polyphenol-enriched, and further fractionated extracts of: Empetrum nigrum (crowberry), Vaccinium uliginosum (bog blueberry), and V. vitis-idaea (low-bush cranberry or lingonberry). A cell migration assay with human dermal fibroblasts (HDFa) was performed to model promotion of wound closure, revealing that bog blueberry extract most actively promoted migration, whereas divergent effects observed with other berry extracts were related to compositional disparities. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated inflammatory response variables measured in RAW 264.7 macrophages [reactive oxygen species (ROS), NO production, prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2 (COX-2), and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) expression] were suppressed by most extracts/fractions, but especially bog blueberry and proanthocyanidin (PAC) fractions. Wild berry germplasm contained abundant complex flavonoid structures such as PAC and anthocyanins (ANCs), associated with enhanced repair and inflammatory resolution in these models. Next, underlying mechanisms by which PACs and bioactive metabolites (B2 dimer and epicatechin) could influence wound repair and tissue regeneration were examined. PAC metabolites promoted scratch-wound closure and appeared to exert the highest impacts on early stages of wound healing through stimulating mitochondrial bioenergetics (basal respiration, ATP production, and maximum respiratory capacity) and upregulating expression of important extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins (integrin-ß1 and collagen type I α2 chain). Targeting cellular bioenergetics and integrin-mediated cell–ECM signaling with bioactives from Alaskan wild berries shows considerable therapeutic promise to treat chronic skin wounds and inflammatory skin disorders, as well as more generally to support regenerative healing responses and restore function in a variety of tissue and organ settings after injury or aging.}, number={SEP}, journal={FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY}, author={Esposito, Debora and Overall, John and Grace, Mary H. and Komarnytsky, Slavko and Lila, Mary Ann}, year={2019}, month={Sep} }
 @article{velde_esposito_grace_pirovani_lila_2019, title={Anti-inflammatory and wound healing properties of polyphenolic extracts from strawberry and blackberry fruits}, volume={121}, ISSN={["1873-7145"]}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.foodres.2018.11.059}, DOI={10.1016/j.foodres.2018.11.059}, abstractNote={The polyphenolic profiles by HPLC-TOF-MS of strawberry ‘San Andreas’ and blackberry ‘Black Satin’ crude extracts (CE) were analyzed. Anthocyanin-enriched fractions (AEFs) and proanthocyanidin-enriched fractions (PEFs) were prepared, and all samples were probed for in vitro anti-inflammatory and wound healing effects in a LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophage model and in a skin fibroblast migration and proliferation assay, respectively. Blackberry samples exhibited higher ROS reduction than strawberry's (up to 50% ROS suppression). Berries CEs exhibited 20% inhibition in Cox-2 gene expression, while AEFs and PEFs were inactive at the same concentration. Strawberry AEF and PEF were more active against IL-1β and IL-6 gene expressions than the similar fractions from blackberry, where PEF was more active than AEF (75% suppression by strawberry PEF). Moreover, berry PEFs were the active polyphenol fraction against iNOS gene expression (50% and 65% gen suppression by strawberry and blackberry PEF, respectively), mirroring results of NO synthesis suppression. The cell migration potential of berry polyphenolics was associated with anthocyanins. AEFs showed fibroblast migration around 50% of that registered for the positive control. Results obtained in this work highlight the anti-inflammatory properties of berry polyphenolics, especially due to proanthocyanidins. Moreover, promising results were obtained about the effects of berry anthocyanins on wound healing.}, journal={FOOD RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL}, author={Velde, Franco and Esposito, Debora and Grace, Mary H. and Pirovani, Maria E. and Lila, Mary A.}, year={2019}, month={Jul}, pages={453–462} }
 @article{de velde_franco_grace_pirovani_lila_2019, title={Anti-inflammatory and wound healing properties of polyphenolic extracts from strawberry and blackberry fruits }, url={https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodres.2018.11.059}, DOI={https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodres.2018.11.059}, abstractNote={The polyphenolic profiles by HPLC-TOF-MS of strawberry ‘San Andreas’ and blackberry ‘Black Satin’ crude extracts (CE) were analyzed. Anthocyanin-enriched fractions (AEFs) and proanthocyanidin-enriched fractions (PEFs) were prepared, and all samples were probed for in vitro anti-inflammatory and wound healing effects in a LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophage model and in a skin fibroblast migration and proliferation assay, respectively. Blackberry samples exhibited higher ROS reduction than strawberry's (up to 50% ROS suppression). Berries CEs exhibited 20% inhibition in Cox-2 gene expression, while AEFs and PEFs were inactive at the same concentration. Strawberry AEF and PEF were more active against IL-1β and IL-6 gene expressions than the similar fractions from blackberry, where PEF was more active than AEF (75% suppression by strawberry PEF). Moreover, berry PEFs were the active polyphenol fraction against iNOS gene expression (50% and 65% gen suppression by strawberry and blackberry PEF, respectively), mirroring results of NO synthesis suppression. The cell migration potential of berry polyphenolics was associated with anthocyanins. AEFs showed fibroblast migration around 50% of that registered for the positive control. Results obtained in this work highlight the anti-inflammatory properties of berry polyphenolics, especially due to proanthocyanidins. Moreover, promising results were obtained about the effects of berry anthocyanins on wound healing.}, journal={Food Research International}, author={Velde, Van de and Franco, Debora Esposito and Grace, Mary H. and Pirovani, Maria E. and Lila, Mary Ann}, year={2019} }
 @article{van de velde_méndez-galarraga_grace_fenoglio_lila_pirovani_2019, title={Changes due to high oxygen and high carbon dioxide atmospheres on the general quality and the polyphenolic profile of strawberries}, volume={148}, ISSN={0925-5214}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/J.POSTHARVBIO.2018.10.015}, DOI={10.1016/j.postharvbio.2018.10.015}, abstractNote={The aim of this work was to study and model the effects of refrigerated storage with high O2 and high CO2 atmospheres (70 kPa O2 + 20 kPa CO2 and 90 kPa O2 + 10 kPa CO2) on microbial growth, general quality attributes, and the polyphenolic compound profile of fresh strawberries. The storage of samples in 70 kPa O2 + 20 kPa CO2 controlled microbiological decay and slightly affected soluble solids and pH values for 20 d at 5 °C. Moreover, vitamin C and proanthocyanidin contents of these samples were kept almost constant throughout the storage period. Samples in 90 kPa O2 + 10 kPa CO2 controlled microbiological decay for 12 d at 5 °C, soluble solids and pH values were slightly affected, and vitamin C and proanthocyanidin contents experienced up to 15% decrease during this period. However, anthocyanins underwent a substantial increase during the first 3–5 d of storage in these samples. The highest anthocyanin accumulations occurred for pelargonidin-3-O-glucoside, pelargonidin-3-O-rutinoside, and pelargonidin-3-O-acetylglucoside, which increased by 68%, 132%, and 167%, respectively over their initial values at 5 d. Thereafter, anthocyanins content decreased gradually or remained even higher than their initial values at 12 d. This behavior was associated with a physiological response to stress and was not seen for strawberries stored at 70 kPa O2 + 20 CO2, probably due to its higher CO2 concentration which was deleterious for anthocyanin stability. Flavonols, phenolic acids, and ellagitannins also experienced increases up to 130% at 5–12 d of storage in samples exposed to both atmospheres. The changes in general quality attributes were fitted with zero or first-order kinetics, and changes in individual phenolic compounds were adequately fitted with a consecutive reaction mechanism kinetic model.}, journal={Postharvest Biology and Technology}, publisher={Elsevier BV}, author={Van de Velde, Franco and Méndez-Galarraga, María Paula and Grace, Mary H. and Fenoglio, Cecilia and Lila, Mary Ann and Pirovani, María Élida}, year={2019}, month={Feb}, pages={49–57} }
 @article{velde_esposito_overall_mendez-galarraga_grace_piroyani_lila_2019, title={Changes in the bioactive properties of strawberries caused by the storage in oxygen- and carbon dioxide-enriched atmospheres}, volume={7}, ISSN={["2048-7177"]}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-85070678260&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, DOI={10.1002/fsn3.1099}, abstractNote={Abstract}, number={8}, journal={FOOD SCIENCE & NUTRITION}, author={Velde, Franco and Esposito, Debora and Overall, John and Mendez-Galarraga, Maria Paula and Grace, Mary and Piroyani, Maria Elida and Lila, Mary Ann}, year={2019}, month={Aug}, pages={2527–2536} }
 @article{eskander_el-khrisy_grace_nabil_nassar_mounier_2019, title={Investigation of Secondary Metabolites and Cytotoxicity of Jacquemontia pentantha (Jacq.) }, volume={11}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-85071260121&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, DOI={10.5530/pj.2019.11.114}, abstractNote={Introduction: The aim of this study is to isolate and identify sterols and terpenes from the chloroform/methanol extract (3:1) of aerial parts of Jacquemontia pentantha (Jacq.) and evaluation of cytotoxic activity of crude extract and phytol for the first time from this plant. Methods: Different chromatographic techniques for the aerial parts of Jacquemontia pentantha extract were used resulting in isolation of eight compounds. Their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic methods including 1HNMR, 13CNMR, EI/MS spectrometry and by comparing their data with those reported in the literature. The cytotoxicity was evaluated using MTT assay. The mode of action of the extract was predicted by using Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay Kit for Tubulin beta (TUBb). Results: Eight compounds for the first time from this plant were identified as Palmitic acid (1), Phytol (major) (2), Stigmast-4-en- 3-one (3), mixture of α-amyrin (4) and β–amyrin (5), 1,6,10,14,18,22-Tetracosahexaen-3- ol,2,6,10,15,19,23-hexamethyl (all-E) (6) and mixture of α– amyrin acetate (7) and β-amyrin acetate (8). The extract showed potent cytotoxic activity on MCF-7 breast carcinoma cell line as well as HCT-116 colon carcinoma cell line at different concentrations (100-6.25 ug/ml) with IC50 (21.8 ± 0.9) and (40.9 ± 1.3) respectively. Phytol showed potent cytotoxic activity on MCF-7 cell line at different concentrations (100-12.5 ug/ml) with IC50 (60 ± 2.4), while it had no cytotoxic effect on HCT-116 cell line. The extract showed significant TUBb polymerization inhibition activity. Conclusion: The extract of aerial parts of Jacquemontia pentantha (Jacq.) and also phytol compound has cytotoxic activity due to the presence of phytochemicals such as sterols and terpenes.}, number={4}, journal={Pharmacognosy Journal}, author={Eskander, D.M. and El-Khrisy, E.-D.A. and Grace, M.H. and Nabil, M. and Nassar, M.I. and Mounier, M.M.}, year={2019}, month={Jul}, pages={718–723} }
 @article{hughes_gigantino_grace_hoffman_lila_willans_wommack_2019, title={Photosynthetic Profiles of Green, Purple, and Spotted-Leaf Morphotypes of Tipularia discolor (Orchidaceae)}, volume={18}, ISSN={["1938-5412"]}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-85076746059&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, DOI={10.1656/058.018.0415}, abstractNote={Abstract Three morphotypes of Tipularia discolor (Cranefly Orchid) occur sympatrically in the piedmont of North Carolina, producing leaves with upper (adaxial) surfaces that are either green, purple, or green with purple spots; all leaves exhibit bright purple lower (abaxial) surfaces. The basis for differences in coloration between individuals in this species is unknown. Because leaf purpling is often a sign of physiological stress, we hypothesized that adaxially purple and/or spotted individuals would exhibit reduced photosynthetic capacity compared to adaxially green individuals, and that adaxially purple tissues would exhibit symptoms of shade acclimation relative to adaxially green tissues (consistent with a photoprotective function of anthocyanin pigments). We made the following measurements on samples of the 3 morphotypes: photosynthetic response to light and intercellular CO2, monthly photosynthetic gas exchange and chlorophyll fluorescence, and quantification of foliar pigments (chlorophylls, xanthophylls, and anthocyanins). Inconsistent with both hypotheses, the 3 morphotypes did not differ in any of the parameters measured, except anthocyanin content. Furthermore, corms continued to produce leaves with the same pigment patterns in subsequent years, even when sunlight, fertilizer, and water were controlled for in a greenhouse setting. We conclude that leaf purpling and spotting in Cranefly Orchid are most likely not related to physiological stress, and are more likely genetic in nature, perhaps representing alternative phenotypic adaptations related to herbivory defense.}, number={4}, journal={SOUTHEASTERN NATURALIST}, author={Hughes, Nicole M. and Gigantino, Giana M. and Grace, Mary H. and Hoffman, Kevin M. and Lila, Mary Ann and Willans, Brooke N. and Wommack, Andrew J.}, year={2019}, month={Dec}, pages={641–658} }
 @article{grace_xiong_esposito_ehlenfeldt_lila_2019, title={Simultaneous LC-MS quantification of anthocyanins and non-anthocyanin phenolics from blueberries with widely divergent profiles and biological activities}, volume={277}, ISSN={0308-8146}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2018.10.101}, DOI={10.1016/j.foodchem.2018.10.101}, abstractNote={A sensitive and straightforward LC-IT-TOF-MS method was validated for the profiling and simultaneous quantification of anthocyanins, flavan-3-ols, flavonols, phenolic acids, and resveratrol in blueberry genotypes with fruit color ranging from deep purple (Vaccinium angustifolium) to various shades of pink (crosses of V. corymbosum, V. darrowii, and V. ashei). Standard calibration curves were linear for all analytes with correlation coefficients >0.99. The relative standard deviation for intra- and inter-day precision was lower than 10%. The method allowed an easy and selective identification and quantification of phenolics in blueberries with divergent profiles. The in vitro antioxidant assay results were strongly correlated with total phenolics and total anthocyanin content. Lowbush blueberry extracts (50 μg/mL) reduced ROS and NO production, and inhibited the transcription of the proinflammatory cytokines IL-6β, COX2, iNOS, and IL-6 in the in vitro assays at much lower concentrations than pink fruited berries (250 μg/mL).}, journal={Food Chemistry}, publisher={Elsevier BV}, author={Grace, Mary H. and Xiong, Jia and Esposito, Debora and Ehlenfeldt, Mark and Lila, Mary Ann}, year={2019}, month={Mar}, pages={336–346} }
 @article{nabil_ghaly_kassem_grace_melek_2019, title={Two Triterpenoid Saponins with α-glucosidase Inhibitory Activity from Harpullia pendula Seed Extract }, volume={11}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-85077312969&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, DOI={10.5530/pj.2019.11.214}, abstractNote={Background: Harpullia pendula Planch (family Sapindaceae) is a small to medium rainforest tree native to Australia. Objective: This study aims to isolate triterpenoid saponins from H. pendula and test them as α-glucosidase inhibitors. Materials and Methods: The saponin compounds were obtained using variable chromatographic techniques and characterized by spectral analysis. Results: Two new triterpenoid saponins were obtained as an inseparable mixture from H. pendula methanolic seed extract. Their structures were determined as 3-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→2)-[α-L-arabinofuranosyl-(1→3)]-βD-glucuronopyranosyl22-OangeloylA1- barrigenol and 3-O-β-D-galactopyranosyl-(1→2)-[α-L-arabinofuranosyl-(1→3)]-β-Dglucuronopyranosyl 22-O-(2-methylbutyroyl)-A1 barrigenol, respectively. The triterpene part 22-O-(2-methyl butyroyl) A1-barrigenol has never been characterized before. The α- glucosidase inhibitory activity of the two saponin mixture was evaluated invitro and proved to exhibit strong activity with IC50 value equals to 13.3 ± 5.0 ppm and IC90 value equals to 21.5 ± 8.0 ppm. Conclusion: Two new saponins were characterized from their mixture and found to exhibit α-glucosidase inhibitory activity.}, number={6}, journal={Pharmacognosy Journal}, author={Nabil, M. and Ghaly, N.S. and Kassem, I.A.A. and Grace, M.H. and Melek, F.R.}, year={2019}, month={Nov}, pages={1386–1390} }
 @article{el-hawaz_grace_janbey_lila_adelberg_2018, title={Correction: In vitro mineral nutrition of Curcuma longa L. affects production of volatile compounds in rhizomes after transfer to the greenhouse [BMC Plant Biol., 18, (2018) (122)] DOI: 10.1186/s12870-018-1345-y}, volume={18}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-85050073614&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, DOI={10.1186/s12870-018-1358-6}, abstractNote={Following publication of the original article [1], the author reported a formatting error and an error in the figure caption. The original article has been corrected. The details of the errors are as follows.}, number={1}, journal={BMC Plant Biology}, author={El-Hawaz, R.F. and Grace, M.H. and Janbey, A. and Lila, M.A. and Adelberg, J.W.}, year={2018} }
 @article{el-hawaz_grace_janbey_lila_adelberg_2018, title={In vitro mineral nutrition of Curcuma longa L. affects production of volatile compounds in rhizomes after transfer to the greenhouse}, volume={18}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12870-018-1345-y}, DOI={10.1186/s12870-018-1345-y}, abstractNote={Turmeric is a rich source of bioactive compounds useful in both medicine and cuisine. Mineral concentrations effects (PO43-, Ca2+, Mg2+, and KNO3) were tested during in vitro rhizome development on the ex vitro content of volatile constituents in rhizomes after 6 months in the greenhouse. A response surface method (D-optimal criteria) was repeated in both high and low-input fertilizer treatments. Control plants were grown on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium, acclimatized in the greenhouse and grown in the field. The volatile constituents were investigated by GC-MS.The total content of volatiles was affected by fertilizer treatments, and in vitro treatment with Ca2+ and KNO3; but PO43- and Mg2+ had no significant effect. The content was higher in the high-input fertilizer treatments (49.7 ± 9 mg/g DM) with 4 mM Ca2+, 60 mM KNO3 and 5 mM NH4+, than the low-input fertilizer (26.6 ± 9 mg/g DM), and the MS control (15.28 ± 2.7 mg/g DM; 3 mM Ca2+, 20 mM K+, 39 mM NO3-, 20 mM NH4+, 1.25 mM PO43-, and 1.5 mM Mg2+). The interaction of Ca2+ with KNO3 affected curcumenol isomer I and II, germacrone, isocurcumenol, and β-elemenone content. Increasing in vitro phosphate concentration to 6.25 mM increased ex vitro neocurdione and methenolone contents.These results show that minerals in the in vitro bioreactor medium during rhizome development affected biosynthesis of turmeric volatile components after transfer to the greenhouse six months later. The multi-factor design identified 1) nutrient regulation of specific components within unique phytochemical profile for Curcuma longa L. clone 35-1 and 2) the varied phytochemical profiles were maintained with integrity during the greenhouse growth in high fertility conditions.}, number={1}, journal={BMC Plant Biology}, author={El-Hawaz, R.F. and Grace, Mary H and Janbey, A. and Lila, Mary Ann and Adelberg, J.W.}, year={2018}, month={Dec} }
 @article{el-hawaz_grace_janbey_lila_adelberg_2018, title={In vitro mineral nutrition of Curcuma longa L. affects production of volatile compounds in rhizomes after transfer to the greenhouse}, volume={18}, journal={BMC Plant Biology}, author={El-Hawaz, R. F. and Grace, M. H. and Janbey, A. and Lila, M. A. and Adelberg, J. W.}, year={2018} }
 @article{el-hawaz_grace_janbey_lila_adelberg_2018, title={In vitro mineral nutrition of Curcuma longa L. affects production of volatile compounds in rhizomes after transfer to the greenhouse (vol 18, 122, 2018)}, volume={18}, journal={BMC Plant Biology}, author={El-Hawaz, R. F. and Grace, M. H. and Janbey, A. and Lila, M. A. and Adelberg, J. W.}, year={2018} }
 @article{nieman_kay_rathore_grace_strauch_stephan_sakaguchi_lila_2018, title={Increased Plasma Levels of Gut-Derived Phenolics Linked to Walking and Running Following Two Weeks of Flavonoid Supplementation}, volume={10}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu10111718}, DOI={10.3390/nu10111718}, abstractNote={Using a randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled, parallel group design, this investigation determined if the combination of two weeks of flavonoid supplementation (329 mg/day, quercetin, anthocyanins, flavan-3-ols mixture) and a 45-minute walking bout (62.2 ± 0.9% VO2max (maximal oxygen consumption rate)) enhanced the translocation of gut-derived phenolics into circulation in a group of walkers (n = 77). The walkers (flavonoid, placebo groups) were randomized to either sit or walk briskly on treadmills for 45 min (thus, four groups: placebo–sit, placebo–walk, flavonoid–sit, flavonoid–walk). A comparator group of runners (n = 19) ingested a double flavonoid dose for two weeks (658 mg/day) and ran for 2.5 h (69.2 ± 1.2% VO2max). Four blood samples were collected (pre- and post-supplementation, immediately post- and 24 h post-exercise/rest). Of the 76 metabolites detected in this targeted analysis, 15 increased after the 2.5 h run, and when grouped were also elevated post-exercise (versus placebo–sit) for the placebo– and flavonoid–walking groups (p < 0.05). A secondary analysis showed that pre-study plasma concentrations of gut-derived phenolics in the runners were 40% higher compared to walkers (p = 0.031). These data indicate that acute exercise bouts (brisk walking, intensive running) are linked to an increased translocation of gut-derived phenolics into circulation, an effect that is amplified when combined with a two-week period of increased flavonoid intake or chronic training as a runner.}, number={11}, journal={Nutrients}, author={Nieman, David C. and Kay, Colin and Rathore, Atul S and Grace, Mary H. and Strauch, Renee C. and Stephan, Ella H. and Sakaguchi, Camila A. and Lila, Mary Ann}, year={2018}, month={Nov} }
 @article{ inter- and intra-seasonal changes in anthocyanin accumulation and global metabolite profiling of six blueberry genotypes_2017, DOI={doi.org/10.1016/j.jfca.2017.02.019}, abstractNote={Anthocyanin content in six blueberry genotypes was evaluated across two harvest seasons. Three southern highbush (hybrids of Vaccinium corymbosum) genotypes (Legacy, Sampson, SHF2B1-21:3) showed a dramatic and almost linear increase in total anthocyanin content across each harvest season, with an increase of up to 20 mg/g dry weight (DW). The three rabbiteye (V. virgatum) genotypes (Ira, Montgomery, Onslow) showed no trend in anthocyanin content, fluctuating by up to 15 mg/g DW. The relative proportions of each individual anthocyanin were also investigated. Rabbiteye genotypes contained higher percentages of cyanidin glycosides than the southern highbush genotypes, while the reverse was found for the levels of delphinidin glycosides present. For southern highbush genotypes, the percentages of malvidin and delphinidin glycosides were inversely proportional across each harvest season. Principal component analysis on the data obtained by HPLC–MS of the crude extracts clearly separated rabbiteyes and southern highbush into two discrete sets based on global metabolite profiling. Within the southern highbush grouping, genotypes were easily distinguished from one another across each harvest season, due to their separation on the scores plot, indicating that each genotype had distinctly different metabolite profile, whereas each of the rabbiteye genotypes overlapped on the scores plot, indicating commonalities in metabolite profiles.}, journal={Journal of Food Composition and Analysis}, year={2017}, month={Jun} }
 @inbook{acillea millefolium: re-exploring herbal remides for combating malaria_2017, year={2017} }
 @article{nieman_ramamoorthy_kay_goodman_capps_shue_heyl_grace_lila_2017, title={Influence of Ingesting a Flavonoid-Rich Supplement on the Metabolome and Concentration of Urine Phenolics in Overweight/Obese Women}, volume={16}, ISSN={["1535-3907"]}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.jproteome.7b00196}, DOI={10.1021/acs.jproteome.7b00196}, abstractNote={This study evaluated the effect of ingesting a flavonoid-rich supplement (329 mg/d) on total urine phenolics and shifts in plasma metabolites in overweight/obese female adults using untargeted metabolomics procedures. Participants (N = 103, 18-65 y, BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2) were randomized to flavonoid (F) or placebo (P) groups for 12 weeks with blood and 24 h urine samples collected prestudy and after 4 and 12 weeks in a parallel design. Supplements were prepared as chewable tablets and included vitamin C, wild bilberry fruit extract, green tea leaf extract, quercetin, caffeine, and omega 3 fatty acids. At 4 weeks, urine total phenolics increased 24% in F versus P with similar changes at 12 weeks (interaction effect, P = 0.041). Groups did not differ in markers of inflammation (IL-6, MCP-1, CRP) or oxidative stress (oxLDL, FRAP). Metabolomics data indicated shifts in 63 biochemicals in F versus P with 70% from the lipid and xenobiotics superpathways. The largest fold changes in F were measured for three gut-derived phenolics including 3-methoxycatechol sulfate, 3-(3-hydroxyphenyl)propanoic acid sulfate, and 1,2,3-benzenetriol sulfate (interaction effects, p ≤ 0.050). This randomized clinical trial of overweight/obese women showed that 12 weeks ingestion of a mixed flavonoid nutrient supplement was associated with a corresponding increase in urine total phenolics and gut-derived phenolic metabolites.}, number={8}, journal={JOURNAL OF PROTEOME RESEARCH}, author={Nieman, David C. and Ramamoorthy, Sivapriya and Kay, Colin D. and Goodman, Courtney L. and Capps, Christopher R. and Shue, Zack L. and Heyl, Nicole and Grace, Mary H. and Lila, Mary A.}, year={2017}, month={Aug}, pages={2924–2935} }
 @article{timmers_grace_yousef_lila_2017, title={Inter- and intra-seasonal changes in anthocyanin accumulation and global metabolite profiling of six blueberry genotypes}, volume={59}, ISSN={["1096-0481"]}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-85014867133&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, DOI={10.1016/j.jfca.2017.02.019}, abstractNote={Anthocyanin content in six blueberry genotypes was evaluated across two harvest seasons. Three southern highbush (hybrids of Vaccinium corymbosum) genotypes (Legacy, Sampson, SHF2B1-21:3) showed a dramatic and almost linear increase in total anthocyanin content across each harvest season, with an increase of up to 20 mg/g dry weight (DW). The three rabbiteye (V. virgatum) genotypes (Ira, Montgomery, Onslow) showed no trend in anthocyanin content, fluctuating by up to 15 mg/g DW. The relative proportions of each individual anthocyanin were also investigated. Rabbiteye genotypes contained higher percentages of cyanidin glycosides than the southern highbush genotypes, while the reverse was found for the levels of delphinidin glycosides present. For southern highbush genotypes, the percentages of malvidin and delphinidin glycosides were inversely proportional across each harvest season. Principal component analysis on the data obtained by HPLC–MS of the crude extracts clearly separated rabbiteyes and southern highbush into two discrete sets based on global metabolite profiling. Within the southern highbush grouping, genotypes were easily distinguished from one another across each harvest season, due to their separation on the scores plot, indicating that each genotype had distinctly different metabolite profile, whereas each of the rabbiteye genotypes overlapped on the scores plot, indicating commonalities in metabolite profiles.}, journal={JOURNAL OF FOOD COMPOSITION AND ANALYSIS}, author={Timmers, Michael A. and Grace, Mary H. and Yousef, Gad G. and Lila, Mary Ann}, year={2017}, month={Jun}, pages={105–110} }
 @article{overall_bonney_wilson_beermann_grace_esposito_lila_komarnytsky_2017, title={Metabolic Effects of Berries with Structurally Diverse Anthocyanins}, volume={18}, ISSN={["1422-0067"]}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-85013078281&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, DOI={10.3390/ijms18020422}, abstractNote={Overconsumption of energy dense foods and sedentary lifestyle are considered as major causes of obesity-associated insulin resistance and abnormal glucose metabolism. Results from both cohort studies and randomized trials suggested that anthocyanins from berries may lower metabolic risks, however these reports are equivocal. The present study was designed to examine effects of six berries with structurally diverse anthocyanin profiles (normalized to 400 µg/g total anthocyanin content) on development of metabolic risk factors in the C57BL/6 mouse model of polygenic obesity. Diets supplemented with blackberry (mono-glycosylated cyanidins), black raspberry (acylated mono-glycosylated cyanidins), blackcurrant (mono- and di-glycosylated cyanidins and delphinidins), maqui berry (di-glycosylated delphinidins), Concord grape (acylated mono-glycosylated delphinidins and petunidins), and blueberry (mono-glycosylated delphinidins, malvidins, and petunidins) showed a prominent discrepancy between biological activities of delphinidin/malvidin-versus cyanidin-type anthocyanins that could be explained by differences in their structure and metabolism in the gut. Consumption of berries also resulted in a strong shift in the gastrointestinal bacterial communities towards obligate anaerobes that correlated with decrease in the gastrointestinal luminal oxygen and oxidative stress. Further work is needed to understand mechanisms that lead to nearly anoxic conditions in the gut lumens, including the relative contributions of host, diet and/or microbial oxidative activity, and their implication to human health.}, number={2}, journal={INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES}, author={Overall, John and Bonney, Sierra A. and Wilson, Mickey and Beermann, Arnold and Grace, Mary H. and Esposito, Debora and Lila, Mary Ann and Komarnytsky, Slavko}, year={2017}, month={Feb} }
 @article{metabolic effects of berries with structurally diverse anthocyanins_2017, DOI={doi:10.3390/ijms18020422}, abstractNote={Overconsumption of energy dense foods and sedentary lifestyle are considered as major causes of obesity-associated insulin resistance and abnormal glucose metabolism. Results from both cohort studies and randomized trials suggested that anthocyanins from berries may lower metabolic risks, however these reports are equivocal. The present study was designed to examine effects of six berries with structurally diverse anthocyanin profiles (normalized to 400 µg/g total anthocyanin content) on development of metabolic risk factors in the C57BL/6 mouse model of polygenic obesity. Diets supplemented with blackberry (mono-glycosylated cyanidins), black raspberry (acylated mono-glycosylated cyanidins), blackcurrant (mono- and di-glycosylated cyanidins and delphinidins), maqui berry (di-glycosylated delphinidins), Concord grape (acylated mono-glycosylated delphinidins and petunidins), and blueberry (mono-glycosylated delphinidins, malvidins, and petunidins) showed a prominent discrepancy between biological activities of delphinidin/malvidin-versus cyanidin-type anthocyanins that could be explained by differences in their structure and metabolism in the gut. Consumption of berries also resulted in a strong shift in the gastrointestinal bacterial communities towards obligate anaerobes that correlated with decrease in the gastrointestinal luminal oxygen and oxidative stress. Further work is needed to understand mechanisms that lead to nearly anoxic conditions in the gut lumens, including the relative contributions of host, diet and/or microbial oxidative activity, and their implication to human health.}, journal={International Journal of Molecular Sciences}, year={2017}, month={Feb} }
 @article{grace_qiang_sang_lila_2017, title={One-step isolation of carnosic acid and carnosol from rosemary by centrifugal partition chromatography}, volume={40}, ISSN={["1615-9314"]}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-85010931875&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, DOI={10.1002/jssc.201601063}, abstractNote={Carnosic acid and carnosol are the main bioactive components responsible for the significant antioxidant activity of Rosmarinus officinalis. Nevertheless, they are known for their instability in solutions. Separation of both compounds from crude rosemary extract was successfully achieved by one-step centrifugal partition chromatography without any degradation. A two-phase solvent system, hexane/ethyl acetate/methanol/water (3:2:3:2 v/v) was run on a preparative scale applying the elution-extrusion technique in descending mode. A 900 mg quantity of the crude extract containing 39.7% carnosic acid and 12.3% carnosol was loaded onto a 500 mL column, rotating at 1800 rpm. Carnosic acid and carnosol were obtained at purities of 96.1 ± 1% and 94.4 ± 0.9%, with recoveries of 94.3 ± 4.4% and 94.8 ± 2.3%, respectively. The compounds were identified by mass spectrometry, tandem mass spectrometry, and comparison with authentic standards.}, number={5}, journal={JOURNAL OF SEPARATION SCIENCE}, author={Grace, Mary H. and Qiang, Yin and Sang, Shengmin and Lila, Mary Ann}, year={2017}, month={Mar}, pages={1057–1062} }
 @article{one-step isolation of carnosic acid and carnosol from rosemary by centrifugal partition chromatography_2017, DOI={DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201601063}, journal={Journal of Separation Science}, year={2017}, month={May} }
 @article{pendulaosides a and b. two acylated triterpenoid saponins from harpullia pendula seed extract_2017, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.phytol.2017.06.016}, DOI={http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.phytol.2017.06.016}, abstractNote={Two new acylated triterpenoid saponins named pendulaosides A and B as well as the known phenolic compounds methyl gallate, gallic acid, 1,2,3,6-tera-O-galloyl-β-d-glucose and 1,2,3,4,6-penta-O-galloyl-β-d-glucose, were isolated from the seeds of Harpullia pendula. The structures of pendulaosides A and B were determined using extensive 1D and 2D NMR analysis and mass spectrometry as well as acid hydrolysis, as 3-O-β-d-glucopyranosyl-(1→2)-[α-L-arabinofuranosyl-(1→3)]-β-d-glucuronopyranosyl-22-O-angeloyl-3β,16α,22α,24β,28-pentahydroxylolean-12-ene and 3-O-β-d-glucopyranosyl-(1→2)-[α-L-arabinofuranosyl-(1→3)]-β-d-glucuronopyranosyl-16-O-(2-methylbutyroyl)-3β,16α,22α,24β,28-pentahydroxylolean-12-ene, respectively. To the best of our knowledge the two triterpene parts 22-O-angeloyl-3β,16α,22α,24β,28-pentahydroxylolean-12-ene and16-O-(2-methylbutyroyl)-3β,16α,22α,24β,28-pentahydroxylolean-12-ene have never been characterized before. The two isolated saponins were assayed for their in-vitro cytotoxic activity against the three human tumor cell lines HepG2, MCF7 and PC3. The results showed that pendulaoside A exhibited moderate activity on PC3 cell line with IC50value equal to 13.0 μM and weak activity on HepG2 cell line with IC50 value equal to 41.0 μM. Pendulaoside B proved to be inactive against the three used cell lines.}, journal={Phytochemistry Letters}, year={2017}, month={Jun} }
 @article{ghaly_nabil_grace_melek_2017, title={Pendulaosides A and B. Two acylated triterpenoid saponins from Harpullia pendula seed extract}, volume={21}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-85027974736&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, DOI={10.1016/j.phytol.2017.06.016}, abstractNote={Two new acylated triterpenoid saponins named pendulaosides A and B as well as the known phenolic compounds methyl gallate, gallic acid, 1,2,3,6-tera-O-galloyl-β-d-glucose and 1,2,3,4,6-penta-O-galloyl-β-d-glucose, were isolated from the seeds of Harpullia pendula. The structures of pendulaosides A and B were determined using extensive 1D and 2D NMR analysis and mass spectrometry as well as acid hydrolysis, as 3-O-β-d-glucopyranosyl-(1→2)-[α-L-arabinofuranosyl-(1→3)]-β-d-glucuronopyranosyl-22-O-angeloyl-3β,16α,22α,24β,28-pentahydroxylolean-12-ene and 3-O-β-d-glucopyranosyl-(1→2)-[α-L-arabinofuranosyl-(1→3)]-β-d-glucuronopyranosyl-16-O-(2-methylbutyroyl)-3β,16α,22α,24β,28-pentahydroxylolean-12-ene, respectively. To the best of our knowledge the two triterpene parts 22-O-angeloyl-3β,16α,22α,24β,28-pentahydroxylolean-12-ene and16-O-(2-methylbutyroyl)-3β,16α,22α,24β,28-pentahydroxylolean-12-ene have never been characterized before. The two isolated saponins were assayed for their in-vitro cytotoxic activity against the three human tumor cell lines HepG2, MCF7 and PC3. The results showed that pendulaoside A exhibited moderate activity on PC3 cell line with IC50value equal to 13.0 μM and weak activity on HepG2 cell line with IC50 value equal to 41.0 μM. Pendulaoside B proved to be inactive against the three used cell lines.}, journal={Phytochemistry Letters}, author={Ghaly, N.S. and Nabil, M. and Grace, M.H. and Melek, F.R.}, year={2017}, pages={278–282} }
 @article{xiong_grace_esposito_komarnytsky_wang_lila_2017, title={Polyphenols isolated from Acacia mearnsii bark with anti-inflammatory and carbolytic enzyme inhibitory activities}, volume={15}, ISSN={1875-5364}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S1875-5364(18)30015-3}, DOI={10.1016/s1875-5364(18)30015-3}, abstractNote={The present study was designed to characterize the polyphenols isolated from Acacia mearnsii bark crude extract (B) and fractions (B1-B7) obtained by high-speed counter-current chromatography (HSCCC) and evaluate their anti-inflammatory and carbolytic enzymes (α-glucosidase and α-amylase) inhibitory activities. Fractions B4, B5, B6, B7 (total phenolics 850.3, 983.0, 843.9, and 572.5 mg·g−1, respectively; proanthocyanidins 75.7, 90.5, 95.0, and 44.8 mg·g−1, respectively) showed significant activities against reactive oxygen species (ROS), nitric oxide (NO) production, and expression of pro-inflammatory genes interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) in a lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated mouse macrophage cell line RAW 264.7. All the extracts suppressed α-glucosidase and α-amylase activities, two primary enzymes responsible for carbohydrate digestion. A. mearnsii bark samples possessed significantly stronger inhibitory effects against α-glucosidase enzyme (IC50 of 0.4−1.4 μg·mL−1) than the pharmaceutical acarbose (IC50 141.8 μg·mL−1). B6 and B7 (IC50 17.6 and 11.7 μg·mL−1, respectively) exhibited α-amylase inhibitory activity as efficacious as acarbose (IC50 15.4 μg·mL−1). Moreover, B extract, at 25 µg·mL−1, significantly decreased the non-mitochondrial oxidative burst that is often associated with inflammatory response in human monocytic macrophages.}, number={11}, journal={Chinese Journal of Natural Medicines}, publisher={Elsevier BV}, author={Xiong, Jia and Grace, Mary H and Esposito, Debora and Komarnytsky, Slavko and Wang, Fei and Lila, Mary Ann}, year={2017}, month={Nov}, pages={816–824} }
 @article{correia_grace_esposito_lila_2017, title={Wild blueberry polyphenol-protein food ingredients produced by three drying methods: Comparative physico-chemical properties, phytochemical content, and stability during storage}, volume={235}, ISSN={["1873-7072"]}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2017.05.042}, DOI={10.1016/j.foodchem.2017.05.042}, abstractNote={Particulate colloidal aggregate food ingredients were prepared by complexing wheat flour, chickpea flour, coconut flour and soy protein isolate with aqueous wild blueberry pomace extracts, then spray drying, freeze drying, or vacuum oven drying to prepare dry, flour-like matrices. Physico-chemical attributes, phytochemical content and stability during storage were compared. Eighteen anthocyanins peaks were identified for samples. Spray dried matrices produced with soy protein isolate had the highest concentration of polyphenols (156.2 mg GAE/g) and anthocyanins (13.4 mg/g) and the most potent DPPH scavenging activity (714.1 μmoles TE/g). Spray dried blueberry polyphenols complexed with protein were protected from degradation during 16 weeks at 4 °C and 20 °C. Soy protein isolate more efficiently captured and stabilized wild blueberry pomace phytochemicals than other protein sources. Overall, spray drying the blueberry extracts complexed with protein proved to be an environment-friendly strategy to produce stable functional ingredients with multiple applications for the food industry.}, journal={FOOD CHEMISTRY}, publisher={Elsevier BV}, author={Correia, Roberta and Grace, Mary H. and Esposito, Debora and Lila, Mary Ann}, year={2017}, month={Nov}, pages={76–85} }
 @article{jiang_xiong_wang_grace_lila_xu_2017, title={alpha-Amylase and alpha-Glucosidase inhibitory activities of phenolic extracts from Eucalyptus grandis x E-urophylla Bark}, journal={Journal of Chemistry}, author={Jiang, P. and Xiong, J. and Wang, F. and Grace, M. H. and Lila, M. A. and Xu, R.}, year={2017} }
 @article{jiang_xiong_wang_grace_lila_xu_2017, title={α-Amylase and α-Glucosidase Inhibitory Activities of Phenolic Extracts from Eucalyptus grandis × E. urophylla Bark}, volume={2017}, ISSN={2090-9063 2090-9071}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/8516964}, DOI={10.1155/2017/8516964}, abstractNote={This study evaluated the inhibitory effects of different extracts and fractions from Eucalyptus. grandis × urophylla bark (EB) against α-glucosidase and α-amylase enzyme activities. The ethyl acetate extract (EB-E) showed the highest activity among others. Seven fractions were derived from EB-E; among them EB-E-7 showed the highest significant inhibition of both enzymes, with IC50 of 1.40±0.18 and 1.72±0.12 μg/mL, respectively. EB-E and its active fraction EB-E-7 showed highest contents of total phenolics: 178.79±4.68 and 920.4±5.46 mg GAEag−1, respectively. HPLC-MS analysis of EB-E-7 revealed the presence of ellagic acid, quercetin-glucuronide, quercetin-3-α-rhamnopyranoside, and ellagic acid rhamnoside as major compounds, together with smaller concentrations of myricetin-rhamnoside, isorhamnetin-hexoside, myricetin-3-α-arabinofuranoside, and isorhamnetin. Therefore, the phenolic compounds from Eucalyptus grandis × E. urograndis bark potently inhibited α-amylase and α-glucosidase activity, having potential in prevention of hyperglycemia.}, journal={Journal of Chemistry}, publisher={Hindawi Limited}, author={Jiang, Ping and Xiong, Jia and Wang, Fei and Grace, Mary H. and Lila, Mary Ann and Xu, Rui}, year={2017}, pages={1–7} }
 @article{∝-amylase and ∝- glucosidase inhibitory activities of phenolic extracts from eucalyptus grandis x e. urophylla bark_2017, DOI={doi:10.1155/2017/8516964}, abstractNote={This study evaluated the inhibitory effects of different extracts and fractions from Eucalyptus. grandis × urophylla bark (EB) against α-glucosidase and α-amylase enzyme activities. The ethyl acetate extract (EB-E) showed the highest activity among others. Seven fractions were derived from EB-E; among them EB-E-7 showed the highest significant inhibition of both enzymes, with IC50 of 1.40±0.18 and 1.72±0.12 μg/mL, respectively. EB-E and its active fraction EB-E-7 showed highest contents of total phenolics: 178.79±4.68 and 920.4±5.46 mg GAEag−1, respectively. HPLC-MS analysis of EB-E-7 revealed the presence of ellagic acid, quercetin-glucuronide, quercetin-3-α-rhamnopyranoside, and ellagic acid rhamnoside as major compounds, together with smaller concentrations of myricetin-rhamnoside, isorhamnetin-hexoside, myricetin-3-α-arabinofuranoside, and isorhamnetin. Therefore, the phenolic compounds from Eucalyptus grandis × E. urograndis bark potently inhibited α-amylase and α-glucosidase activity, having potential in prevention of hyperglycemia.}, journal={Journal of Chemistry}, year={2017} }
 @article{collins_hoffman_martinez_grace_lila_cockrell_nadimpalli_chang_chuang_zhong_et al._2016, title={A polyphenol-rich fraction obtained from table grapes decreases adiposity, insulin resistance and markers of inflammation and impacts gut microbiota in high-fat-fed mice}, volume={31}, ISSN={0955-2863}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/J.JNUTBIO.2015.12.021}, DOI={10.1016/j.jnutbio.2015.12.021}, abstractNote={The objective of this study was to determine if consuming an extractable or nonextractable fraction of table grapes reduced the metabolic consequences of consuming a high-fat, American-type diet. Male C57BL/6J mice were fed a low fat (LF) diet, a high fat (HF) diet, or an HF diet containing whole table grape powder (5% w/w), an extractable, polyphenol-rich (HF-EP) fraction, a nonextractable, polyphenol-poor (HF-NEP) fraction or equal combinations of both fractions (HF-EP+NEP) from grape powder for 16 weeks. Mice fed the HF-EP and HF-EP+NEP diets had lower percentages of body fat and amounts of white adipose tissue (WAT) and improved glucose tolerance compared to the HF-fed controls. Mice fed the HF-EP+NEP diet had lower liver weights and triglyceride (TG) levels compared to the HF-fed controls. Mice fed the HF-EP+NEP diets had higher hepatic mRNA levels of hormone sensitive lipase and adipose TG lipase, and decreased expression of c-reactive protein compared to the HF-fed controls. In epididymal (visceral) WAT, the expression levels of several inflammatory genes were lower in mice fed the HF-EP and HF-EP+NEP diets compared to the HF-fed controls. Mice fed the HF diets had increased myeloperoxidase activity and impaired localization of the tight junction protein zonula occludens-1 in ileal mucosa compared to the HF-EP and HF-NEP diets. Several of these treatment effects were associated with alterations in gut bacterial community structure. Collectively, these data demonstrate that the polyphenol-rich, EP fraction from table grapes attenuated many of the adverse health consequences associated with consuming an HF diet.}, journal={The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry}, publisher={Elsevier BV}, author={Collins, Brian and Hoffman, Jessie and Martinez, Kristina and Grace, Mary and Lila, Mary Ann and Cockrell, Chase and Nadimpalli, Anuradha and Chang, Eugene and Chuang, Chia-Chi and Zhong, Wei and et al.}, year={2016}, month={May}, pages={150–165} }
 @article{a polyphenol-rich fraction obtained from table grapes decreases adiposity, insulin resistance, and markers of inflammation and impacts gut microbiota in high-fat fed mice_2016, DOI={doi:10.1016/j/jnutbio.2015.12.021}, abstractNote={The objective of this study was to determine if consuming an extractable or nonextractable fraction of table grapes reduced the metabolic consequences of consuming a high-fat, American-type diet. Male C57BL/6J mice were fed a low fat (LF) diet, a high fat (HF) diet, or an HF diet containing whole table grape powder (5% w/w), an extractable, polyphenol-rich (HF-EP) fraction, a nonextractable, polyphenol-poor (HF-NEP) fraction or equal combinations of both fractions (HF-EP+NEP) from grape powder for 16weeks. Mice fed the HF-EP and HF-EP+NEP diets had lower percentages of body fat and amounts of white adipose tissue (WAT) and improved glucose tolerance compared to the HF-fed controls. Mice fed the HF-EP+NEP diet had lower liver weights and triglyceride (TG) levels compared to the HF-fed controls. Mice fed the HF-EP+NEP diets had higher hepatic mRNA levels of hormone sensitive lipase and adipose TG lipase, and decreased expression of c-reactive protein compared to the HF-fed controls. In epididymal (visceral) WAT, the expression levels of several inflammatory genes were lower in mice fed the HF-EP and HF-EP+NEP diets compared to the HF-fed controls. Mice fed the HF diets had increased myeloperoxidase activity and impaired localization of the tight junction protein zonula occludens-1 in ileal mucosa compared to the HF-EP and HF-NEP diets. Several of these treatment effects were associated with alterations in gut bacterial community structure. Collectively, these data demonstrate that the polyphenol-rich, EP fraction from table grapes attenuated many of the adverse health consequences associated with consuming an HF diet.}, journal={Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry}, year={2016}, month={May} }
 @article{antioxidant activity of pomegranate juice and punicalagin_2016, DOI={http://www.scirp.org/journal/ns http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/ns.2016.86028}, journal={Natural Science}, year={2016}, month={Jun} }
 @inproceedings{bioactive components from pistachios reduce adipogenesis and suppress inflammatory gene expression in vitro. experimental biolgy meeting, san diego, ca._2016, year={2016}, month={Apr} }
 @article{grace_esposito_timmers_xiong_yousef_komarnytsky_lila_2016, title={Chemical composition, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties of pistachio hull extracts}, volume={210}, ISSN={0308-8146}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2016.04.088}, DOI={10.1016/j.foodchem.2016.04.088}, abstractNote={Phytochemical and bioactivity analyses of pistachio hulls revealed the presence of anacardic acids (3198 mg/100 g), fatty acids (1500 mg/100 g), and phytosterols (192 mg/100 g) as major components. Carotenoids (4.93 mg/100 g), chlorophylls (10.27 mg/100 g), tocopherols (8.83 mg/100 g), and three triterpene acids (mangiferolic, isomangiferolic and mangiferonic acids) were characterized. A polar (P) extract contained quercetin-3-O-glucoside (6.27 mg/g), together with smaller concentrations of quercetin, myricetin and luteolin flavonoids, accounting for 5.53 mg/g. Gallotannins and other phenolic compounds esterified with a gallic acid moiety characterized the P extract. P extract potently inhibited the release of nitric oxide (NO) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophage cells. The mRNA expression levels of the anti-inflammatory cytokine COX-2 were significantly inhibited by fractions P2-P5, while IL-6 was only inhibited by fraction P3. Moreover, the P extract significantly decreased the non-mitochondrial oxidative burst associated with inflammatory response in macrophages.}, journal={Food Chemistry}, publisher={Elsevier BV}, author={Grace, Mary H. and Esposito, Debora and Timmers, Michael A. and Xiong, Jia and Yousef, Gad and Komarnytsky, Slavko and Lila, Mary Ann}, year={2016}, month={Nov}, pages={85–95} }
 @article{velde_grace_elida pirovani_lila_2016, title={Impact of a new postharvest disinfection method based on peracetic acid fogging on the phenolic profile of strawberries}, volume={117}, ISSN={["1873-2356"]}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-84960479103&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, DOI={10.1016/j.postharvbio.2016.03.005}, abstractNote={The retentions of fresh strawberry individual phenolic compounds after fogging using an environmentally friendly sanitizer based on peracetic acid (PAA) (mixture of 5% peracetic acid and 20% hydrogen peroxide) were studied and modeled as a function of the concentration (3.4, 20.0, 60.0, 100.0 and 116.6 μL PAA L−1 air chamber) and the treatment time (5.7, 15.0, 37.5, 60.0 and 69.3 min), using Response Surface Methodology. Information obtained from high performance liquid chromatography with photodiode array and fluorescence detection in combination with mass spectrometry was used for analyzing and quantifying the phenolics that naturally occur in strawberries (variety ‘Camarosa’) and to study the effects of PAA on them. Results showed that PAA fogging at certain concentrations and times caused degradation in the phenolic profile of strawberries. Anthocyanins were the most affected of the phenolic compounds, followed by proanthocyanidins with a low degree of polymerization, hydroxycinnamic acid derivatives, and the ellagitannin Sanguiin H-6. In general, pelargonidin-based anthocyanins were more susceptible to oxidation than cyanidin-based anthocyanin under the same PAA fogging conditions. In summary, the stability of strawberry individual phenolic compounds after fogging treatments was dependent on the concentration and the exposure time of PAA treatments as well as the chemical nature of them. The models developed herein allow to predict retentions of individual phenolic compounds at different fogging PAA conditions.}, journal={POSTHARVEST BIOLOGY AND TECHNOLOGY}, author={Velde, Franco and Grace, Mary H. and Elida Pirovani, Maria and Lila, Mary Ann}, year={2016}, month={Jul}, pages={197–205} }
 @article{impact of a new postharvest disinfection method based on peracetic acid fogging on the phenolic profile of strawberries_2016, DOI={doi:10.1016/j.postharvbio.2016.03.005}, abstractNote={The retentions of fresh strawberry individual phenolic compounds after fogging using an environmentally friendly sanitizer based on peracetic acid (PAA) (mixture of 5% peracetic acid and 20% hydrogen peroxide) were studied and modeled as a function of the concentration (3.4, 20.0, 60.0, 100.0 and 116.6 μL PAA L−1 air chamber) and the treatment time (5.7, 15.0, 37.5, 60.0 and 69.3 min), using Response Surface Methodology. Information obtained from high performance liquid chromatography with photodiode array and fluorescence detection in combination with mass spectrometry was used for analyzing and quantifying the phenolics that naturally occur in strawberries (variety ‘Camarosa’) and to study the effects of PAA on them. Results showed that PAA fogging at certain concentrations and times caused degradation in the phenolic profile of strawberries. Anthocyanins were the most affected of the phenolic compounds, followed by proanthocyanidins with a low degree of polymerization, hydroxycinnamic acid derivatives, and the ellagitannin Sanguiin H-6. In general, pelargonidin-based anthocyanins were more susceptible to oxidation than cyanidin-based anthocyanin under the same PAA fogging conditions. In summary, the stability of strawberry individual phenolic compounds after fogging treatments was dependent on the concentration and the exposure time of PAA treatments as well as the chemical nature of them. The models developed herein allow to predict retentions of individual phenolic compounds at different fogging PAA conditions.}, journal={Postharvest Biology and Technology}, year={2016}, month={Jul} }
 @article{grace_esposito_timmers_xiong_yousef_komarnytsky_lila_2016, title={In vitro lipolytic, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities of roasted pistachio kernel and skin constituents}, volume={7}, ISSN={2042-6496 2042-650X}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6fo00867d}, DOI={10.1039/c6fo00867d}, abstractNote={A comprehensive phytochemical analysis was conducted on pistachios to identify the differential contributions of skin and kernel phytochemicals toin vitrobioactivity.}, number={10}, journal={Food & Function}, publisher={Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)}, author={Grace, Mary H. and Esposito, Debora and Timmers, Michael A. and Xiong, Jia and Yousef, Gad and Komarnytsky, Slavko and Lila, Mary Ann}, year={2016}, pages={4285–4298} }
 @misc{methods and compositions for attenuating allergenicity in protein products_2016, journal={PCT Int. Appl.  WO 2016073702 A1 20160512}, year={2016} }
 @article{xiong_grace_esposito_wang_lila_2016, title={Phytochemical characterization and anti-inflammatory properties of Acacia mearnsii leaves}, volume={11}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-84982124720&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, DOI={10.1177/1934578x1601100524}, abstractNote={ This study was performed to investigate potential bioactive secondary metabolites from the leaves of Acacia mearnsii, a forest waste product in China. The polyphenol constituents and bioactivity of crude extract (L) and semi purified fractions (L1-L4) were examined. The L and L1-L4 showed qualitative and quantitative differences in their phenolic content, antioxidant activities and the activities against inflammation-related genes such as the inducible forms of COX-2, iNOS, and the pro-inflammatory IL in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated mouse macrophage cell line RAW 264.7. All the fractions depressed reactive oxygen species (ROS) in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophage cells, and (except L2) inhibited the release of nitric oxide (NO). Fractions L3 and L4 significantly inhibited the mRNA expression levels of the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-1β, COX-2, iNOS, and IL-6. In addition, L4 (1.8 g obtained from 5 g crude leaves extract) which contained 646.6 mg/g gallic acid equivalent total phenolic content and consisted of primarily proanthocyanidins (12.6 mg/g as procyanidin B2 equivalent by the DMAC assay) showed the best activity in all the assays. Results indicate that A. mearnsii leaves, a forest waste product, could be a valuable natural source of anti-inflammatory and functional components related to human health. }, number={5}, journal={Natural Product Communications}, author={Xiong, Jia and Grace, Mary H and Esposito, Debora and Wang, F. and Lila, Mary Ann}, year={2016}, pages={649–653} }
 @article{phytochemical characterization and antiinflammatory properties of acacia mearnsii leaves_2016, journal={Natural Product Communications}, year={2016} }
 @article{velde_grace_esposito_elida pirovani_lila_2016, title={Quantitative comparison of phytochemical profile, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory properties of blackberry fruits adapted to Argentina}, volume={47}, ISSN={["1096-0481"]}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-84956598220&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, DOI={10.1016/j.jfca.2016.01.008}, abstractNote={The phytochemical profile by HPLC-TOF-MS of three blackberry cultivars (‘Jumbo’, ‘Black Satin’ and ‘Dirksen’), adapted to the central-east of Argentina, was determined. The antioxidant capacity by DPPH and FRAP assays, and the effect of the blackberry extracts on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced nitric oxide (NO) production, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, and biomarkers of inflammation were also evaluated. ‘Dirksen’ fruits exhibited the highest vitamin C content (24 and 14% higher than values found in ‘Black Satin’ and ‘Jumbo’, respectively). However, ‘Jumbo’ and ‘Black Satin’ fruits presented higher total phenolic contents (more than 15%) than ‘Dirksen’. Cyanidin-3-O-glucoside was the main polyphenolic compound quantified in all samples. ‘Jumbo’ and ‘Black Satin’ cultivars exhibited higher antioxidant capacity, and significantly reduced the release of ROS. The mRNA expression levels of cyclooxygenase-2 (Cox-2) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) were reduced consistently (more than 30%) by extracts of both cultivars, and showed slight suppressions on NO production. However, effective inhibition in the gene expression of interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) was not observed by any extract. These results suggest the potential of blackberries cultivars ‘Black Satin’ and ‘Jumbo’ to contribute to a healthy diet, based on their higher polyphenol content, providing higher antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties.}, journal={JOURNAL OF FOOD COMPOSITION AND ANALYSIS}, author={Velde, Franco and Grace, Mary H. and Esposito, Debora and Elida Pirovani, Maria and Lila, Mary Ann}, year={2016}, month={Apr}, pages={82–91} }
 @article{lila_burton-freeman_grace_kalt_2016, title={Unraveling Anthocyanin Bioavailability for Human Health}, volume={7}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-84959911836&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, DOI={10.1146/annurev-food-041715-033346}, abstractNote={ This review considers the bioavailability of health-protective anthocyanin pigments from foods, in light of the multiple molecular structures and complicated traffic patterns taken by anthocyanins both as flavonoid metabolites and as phenolic acid metabolites within the body. Anthocyanins have generally been considered to have notoriously poor bioavailability, based on the very low levels typically detected in routine human blood draws after ingestion. Although some investigations have assessed anthocyanin bioavailability solely based on the measurement of parent anthocyanins or phenolic acid breakdown products, more recent research has increasingly revealed the presence, qualitative diversity, relatively high concentrations, and tenacity of molecular intermediates of anthocyanins that retain the unique flavonoid C6-C3-C6 backbone structure. We argue that the persistence of anthocyanin metabolites suggests enterohepatic recycling, leading to prolonged residence time, and supports the notion that anthocyanins are far more bioavailable than previously suggested. }, journal={Annual Review of Food Science and Technology}, author={Lila, M.A. and Burton-Freeman, B. and Grace, M. and Kalt, W.}, year={2016}, pages={375–393} }
 @misc{lila_burton-freeman_grace_kalt_2016, title={Unraveling anthocyanin bioavailability for human health}, volume={7}, journal={Annual review of food science and technology, vol 7}, author={Lila, M. A. and Burton-Freeman, B. and Grace, M. and Kalt, W.}, year={2016}, pages={375–393} }
 @article{nassar_aboutabl_eskander_grace_abd el aty_sleem_elkhrisy_2015, title={A new acylated flavonol triglycoside and bioactivities of Jacquemontia pentantha (Jacq.)}, volume={6}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-84951799106&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, number={6}, journal={Research Journal of Pharmaceutical, Biological and Chemical Sciences}, author={Nassar, M.I. and Aboutabl, E.-S.A. and Eskander, D.M. and Grace, M.H. and Abd El Aty, A.A. and Sleem, A.A. and Elkhrisy, E.A.}, year={2015}, pages={677–686} }
 @article{kellogg_esposito_grace_komarnytsky_lila_2015, title={Alaskan seaweeds lower inflammation in RAW 264.7 macrophages and decrease lipid accumulation in 3T3-L1 adipocytes}, volume={15}, ISSN={["2214-9414"]}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-84929231499&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, DOI={10.1016/j.jff.2015.03.049}, abstractNote={Chronic inflammation is characterized by macrophage accumulation in adipose tissue, which subsequently up-regulates pro-inflammatory cytokines and promotes the dysregulation of lipid metabolism, ultimately leading to insulin resistance. This study was designed to examine the effects of coastal Alaskan seaweeds on the macrophage inflammatory response and lipid metabolism of adipocytes. Two bioactive subfractions from the brown alga Fucus distichus, a monoglycosyldiacylglycerol subfraction and a phlorotannin subfraction, decreased mRNA expression of acute and chronic inflammatory biomarkers. Expression of Toll-like receptors TLR4 and TLR9 were also reduced, suggesting a potential mechanism of anti-inflammatory activity via TLR attenuation. F. distichus fractions decreased lipid accumulation up to 55% and increased free glycerol concentrations by 28–45%. This result was supported by increases in adiponectin and UCP-1 and decreases in leptin mRNA expression. Overall, the Alaskan seaweed F. distichus inhibited proinflammatory responses and improved lipid metabolism, suggesting the potential for seaweed phytochemicals to attenuate inflammatory diseases.}, journal={JOURNAL OF FUNCTIONAL FOODS}, publisher={Elsevier BV}, author={Kellogg, Joshua and Esposito, Debora and Grace, Mary H. and Komarnytsky, Slavko and Lila, Mary Ann}, year={2015}, month={May}, pages={396–407} }
 @article{anthelmintic activity of punicalagin from anogeissus leiocarpus_2015, DOI={DOI: 10.13189/ujps.2015.030402}, journal={Universal Journal of Plant Science}, year={2015} }
 @article{esposito_damsud_wilson_grace_strauch_li_lila_komarnytsky_2015, title={Black Currant Anthocyanins Attenuate Weight Gain and Improve Glucose Metabolism in Diet-Induced Obese Mice with Intact, but Not Disrupted, Gut Microbiome}, volume={63}, ISSN={["1520-5118"]}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-84937064835&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, DOI={10.1021/acs.jafc.5b00963}, abstractNote={Black currant (Ribes nigrum L.) is a rich source of anthocyanins; however, the relationship between their apparently limited bioavailability and significant protection against metabolic pathologies is poorly understood. This study examined the gastrointestinal distribution of black currant anthocyanins and their phenolic acid metabolites in lean and diet-induced obese mice with healthy and antibiotic-disrupted microbiomes. Daily consumption of low- or high-fat diet supplemented with 1% black currant powdered extract (32% anthocyanins) for 8 weeks reduced body weight gain and improved glucose metabolism only in mice with the intact gut microbiome. Administration of antibiotic cocktail resulted in a 16-25-fold increase (P < 0.001) in anthocyanin content of feces, and cyanidin-based anthocyanins showed the largest increase in fecal content upon disruption of gut microbiome (92.3 ± 16.3 vs 4719 ± 158 μg/g feces), indicating their high susceptibility to microbial degradation in the gut. A 3-fold enrichment (P < 0.05) in gallic over protocatechuic acid was observed in the jejunum of both intact and antibiotic-treated animals, suggesting that this effect was likely independent of their gut microbiome status. Taken together, the data clearly demonstrate that gut microbiome and the type of the anthocyanin aglycone moiety can alter the protective effect of anthocyanins against obesity and associated insulin resistance.}, number={27}, journal={JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY}, publisher={American Chemical Society (ACS)}, author={Esposito, Debora and Damsud, Thanakorn and Wilson, Mickey and Grace, Mary H. and Strauch, Renee and Li, Xu and Lila, Mary Ann and Komarnytsky, Slavko}, year={2015}, month={Jul}, pages={6172–6180} }
 @article{timmers_guerrero-medina_esposito_grace_paredes-lopez_garcia-saucedo_ann lila_2015, title={Characterization of Phenolic Compounds and Antioxidant and Antiinflammatory Activities from Mamuyo (Styrax ramirezii Greenm.) Fruit}, volume={63}, ISSN={["1520-5118"]}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-84949504941&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, DOI={10.1021/acs.jafc.5b04781}, abstractNote={Extracts of Styrax ramirezii Greenm., a fruit traditionally valued for health and wellness in Mexico, were analyzed phytochemically and evaluated for antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity. Six norneolignans were identified by HPLC-TOF-MS, and the two major compounds were isolated for further evaluation. The effects of the isolated norneolignans, egonol and homoegonol, on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced nitric oxide (NO) production, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, and biomarkers of inflammation were evaluated. Of the tested compounds, egonol potently inhibited the production of NO and also significantly reduced the release of ROS. Consistent with these observations, the mRNA expression levels of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) (0.668 ± 0.108), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) (0.553 ± 0.007), interleukin-1β (IL-1β) (0.093 ± 0.005), and interleukin-6 (IL-6) (0.298 ± 0.076) were reduced by egonol. The activity for both egonol and homoegonol increased in a concentration-dependent manner. These results suggest the potential of S. ramirezii Greenm. fruit to contribute to a healthy diet, rich in antioxidant and anti-inflammatory compounds.}, number={48}, journal={JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY}, author={Timmers, Michael A. and Guerrero-Medina, Jorge L. and Esposito, Debora and Grace, Mary H. and Paredes-Lopez, Octavio and Garcia-Saucedo, Pedro A. and Ann Lila, Mary}, year={2015}, month={Dec}, pages={10459–10465} }
 @article{el souda_ahmed_grace_elkherassy_farrag_abdelwahab_2015, title={Flavonoids and gastroprotective effect of matricaria chamomilla against indomethacin-induced ulcer in rats}, volume={21}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-84906544379&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, DOI={10.1080/10496475.2014.919372}, abstractNote={The antiulcer effect of Matricaria chamomilla flower head extracts were investigated on indomethacin-induced ulcer models in rats. All extracts exhibited antiulcer effect; the highest percent of inhibition was shown by the ethyl acetate and chloroform fractions (84, 80%) respectively, followed by petroleum ether and aqueous ethanol residue (57, 50%), respectively, while the total alcoholic extract showed 62%. Phytochemical investigation of the ethyl acetate fraction allowed isolation and identification of apigenin-7-methoxy -8-O-arabinopyranoside, apigenin -7-O-β-glucoside - 6″ acetate, apigenin-7-O-galactoside - 6″ acetate, and apigenin -7-O-β-glucoside, by NMR, mass analysis, and acid hydrolysis.}, number={2}, journal={Journal of Herbs, Spices and Medicinal Plants}, author={El Souda, S.S.E.D. and Ahmed, K.M. and Grace, M.H. and Elkherassy, E.E.A. and Farrag, A.R.H. and Abdelwahab, S.M.}, year={2015}, pages={111–117} }
 @article{guzman_grace_yousef_raskin_lila_2015, title={Novel strategies for capturing health-protective mango phytochemicals in shelf stable food matrices}, volume={66}, ISSN={["1465-3478"]}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-84925011269&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, DOI={10.3109/09637486.2014.979315}, abstractNote={Abstract Cost-effective methods for concentration and stabilization of otherwise perishable mango fruit phytoactives into shelf stable high protein ingredients were developed to combat stunting (malnutrition) in rural Africa. Mango juices complexed with sunflower oil and protein-rich legume flours yielded carotenoid-enriched oils and pelleted polyphenol-enriched flour matrices. Carotenoids from juices were concentrated 9–10 times in the fortified sunflower oil. Protein-rich soy and peanut flours captured 2.2–3.2 mg/g polyphenols from the juices. Alternatively, mango juice was sorbed and co-dried with flours, which stably bound the polyphenols, carotenoids, and natural sugars in soy or peanut protein-rich matrices. The concentration of provitamin A carotenoids was almost doubled and total polyphenols were enriched 4–5 times higher in the matrices compared to fresh pureed juice. Both strategies require minimal instrumentation, are compatible with rural village dietary practices; and capture the benefits of otherwise perishable seasonal resources by complexing healthful proteins together with phytoactive compounds.}, number={2}, journal={INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCES AND NUTRITION}, author={Guzman, Ivette and Grace, Mary H. and Yousef, Gad G. and Raskin, Ilya and Lila, Mary Ann}, year={2015}, month={Mar}, pages={175–185} }
 @article{grace_truong_truong_raskin_lila_2015, title={Novel value-added uses for sweet potato juice and flour in polyphenol- and protein-enriched functional food ingredients}, volume={3}, ISSN={["2048-7177"]}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-85010310678&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, DOI={10.1002/fsn3.234}, abstractNote={Abstract}, number={5}, journal={FOOD SCIENCE & NUTRITION}, author={Grace, Mary H. and Truong, An N. and Truong, Van-Den and Raskin, Ilya and Lila, Mary Ann}, year={2015}, month={Sep}, pages={415–424} }
 @article{novel value-added uses for sweet potato juice and flour in polyphenol- and protein-enriched functional food ingredients._2015, DOI={doi:10.1002/fsn3.234}, abstractNote={Abstract}, journal={Food Science & Nutrition}, year={2015} }
 @inproceedings{phytochemical characterization, anti-inflammatory and lipolytic activities of pistachio hulls, skins, and kernels. experimental biolgy meeting, boston ma_2015, year={2015} }
 @article{arthur_zwetsloot_lawrence_nieman_lila_grace_howden_cooley_tkach_keith_et al._2014, title={Ajuga turkestanica increases Notch and Wnt signaling in aged skeletal muscle}, volume={18}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-84942278734&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, number={17}, journal={European Review for Medical and Pharmacological Sciences}, author={Arthur, S.T. and Zwetsloot, K.A. and Lawrence, M.M. and Nieman, D.C. and Lila, M.A. and Grace, M.H. and Howden, R. and Cooley, I.D. and Tkach, J.F. and Keith, M.D. and et al.}, year={2014}, pages={2584–2592} }
 @article{fredes_yousef_robert_grace_lila_gomez_gebauer_montenegro_2014, title={Anthocyanin profiling of wild maqui berries (Aristotelia chilensis [Mol.] Stuntz) from different geographical regions in Chile}, volume={94}, ISSN={["1097-0010"]}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-84906943703&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, DOI={10.1002/jsfa.6602}, abstractNote={BACKGROUND
Maqui (Aristotelia chilensis) is a Chilean species which produces small berries that are collected from the wild. Anthocyanins, because of their health benefits, are the major focus of interest in maqui fruit. For this study, we examined anthocyanin and phenolic content of maqui fruits from individuals that belonged to four geographical areas in Chile, and used DNA marker analysis to examine the genetic variability of maqui populations that had distinctly different fruit anthocyanin content.


RESULTS
Twelve primers generated a total of 145 polymorphic inter simple sequence repeat-polymerase chain reaction (ISSR-PCR) bands. ISSR-PCR showed different banding patterns for the individuals evaluated, confirming that maqui populations belonged to different genotypes. Maqui fruit from four different geographical regions during two consecutive growing seasons showed high total anthocyanin (6.6-15.0 g cy-3-glu kg⁻¹ fresh weight (FW)) and phenolic (10.7-20.5 g GAE kg⁻¹ FW) contents and different anthocyanin profiles.


CONCLUSION
Three maqui genotypes exhibited significantly higher anthocyanin content than the others, as measured by pH differential method and high-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. Significant genetic diversity was noted within each ecological population. ISSR-PCR analysis provided a fingerprinting approach applicable for differentiation of maqui genotypes.}, number={13}, journal={JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE}, author={Fredes, Carolina and Yousef, Gad G. and Robert, Paz and Grace, Mary H. and Lila, Mary Ann and Gomez, Miguel and Gebauer, Marlene and Montenegro, Gloria}, year={2014}, month={Oct}, pages={2639–2648} }
 @inproceedings{application of nmr in natural product research  for  human health benefits. invited speaker: practical applications of nmr in industry conferance panic, charlotte, nc_2014, year={2014} }
 @article{grace_yousef_esposito_raskin_lila_2014, title={Bioactive Capacity, Sensory Properties, and Nutritional Analysis of a Shelf Stable Protein-rich Functional Ingredient with Concentrated Fruit and Vegetable Phytoactives}, volume={69}, ISSN={["1573-9104"]}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-84916603152&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, DOI={10.1007/s11130-014-0444-7}, abstractNote={Well-known health-protective phytochemicals from muscadine grape and kale were stably complexed with food grade protein (soy or hemp protein isolates) to create biofortified food ingredients for use in a variety of convenient, portable food formulations. The bioactive (anti-inflammatory) potential, sensory attributes and proximates of the prepared formulations were evaluated in this study. Anti-inflammatory properties of the protein-phytoactive ingredient particles were contributed by the polyphenolic content (muscadine-protein) or the combination of polyphenol, carotenoid, and glucosinolate content (kale-protein aggregates). Phytoactive compounds from the fortified matrices suppressed at least two biomarkers of inflammation; most notable with the expression of chronic pro-inflammatory genes IL-6 and Mcp1. Sensory analysis suggested both sweet and savory functional food applications for the biofortified ingredients. Proximate analyses determined that fortification of the soy protein isolate (SPI) with muscadine or kale bioactives resulted in elevated dietary fibers, total carbohydrates, and free sugars, but did not increase calories/100 g dry matrix compared to unfortified SPI. Overall protein content in the aggregate matrices was about 37% less (muscadine-SPI, kale-SPI and kale- HP50) or 17.6% less (muscadine-HP50) on a weight basis, likely due to solubility of some proteins during preparation and partial displacement of some protein mass by the fruit and vegetable phytoactive constituents.}, number={4}, journal={PLANT FOODS FOR HUMAN NUTRITION}, author={Grace, Mary H. and Yousef, Gad G. and Esposito, Debora and Raskin, Ilya and Lila, Mary Ann}, year={2014}, month={Dec}, pages={372–378} }
 @article{grace_esposito_dunlap_lila_2014, title={Comparative Analysis of Phenolic Content and Profile, Antioxidant Capacity, and Anti-inflammatory Bioactivity in Wild Alaskan and Commercial Vaccinium Berries}, volume={62}, ISSN={["1520-5118"]}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-84900331828&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, DOI={10.1021/jf403810y}, abstractNote={Wild Alaskan Vaccinium berries, V. vitis-idaea (lowbush cranberry) and V. uliginosum (bog blueberry), were investigated in parallel with their commercial berry counterparts, V. macrocarpon (cranberry) and V. angustifolium (lowbush blueberry). Lowbush cranberry accumulated about twice the total phenolics (624.4 mg/100 g FW) and proanthocyanidins (278.8 mg/100 g) content as commercial cranberries, but A-type proanthocyanidins were more prevalent in the latter. Bog blueberry anthocyanin and total phenolic contents of 220 and 504.5 mg/100 g, respectively, significantly exceeded those of the lowbush blueberry. Chlorogenic acid, however, was quite high in lowbush blueberry (83.1 mg/100 g), but undetected in bog blueberry, and the proanthocyanidins of lowbush blueberry had significantly higher levels of polymerization. Antioxidant capacity (DPPH, APTS, and FRAP) correlated with phenolic content for each berry. A polyphenol-rich fraction from lowbush cranberry exhibited dose-dependent inhibition of LPS-elicited induction of IL-1β in RAW 264.7 cells, indicative of strong anti-inflammatory activity. These results corroborate the historic use of wild Alaskan berries as medicinally important foods in Alaska Native communities.}, number={18}, journal={JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY}, author={Grace, Mary H. and Esposito, Debora and Dunlap, Kriya L. and Lila, Mary Ann}, year={2014}, month={May}, pages={4007–4017} }
 @article{yousef_grace_medina_neff_guzman_brown_raskin_lila_2014, title={Concentrating Immunoprotective Phytoactive Compounds from Fruits and Vegetables into Shelf-stable Protein-rich Ingredients}, volume={69}, ISSN={["1573-9104"]}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-84916882325&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, DOI={10.1007/s11130-014-0445-6}, abstractNote={Co-delivery of edible proteins with health-protective fruit (muscadine grape) and vegetable (kale) phytoactive compounds was accomplished in a biofortified ingredient for use in convenient, portable food formulations. Polyphenolics were concentrated (10-42 mg/g range) in dry muscadine-protein matrices. Kale-fortified protein matrices also captured polyphenolics (8 mg/g), carotenoids (69 μg/g) and glucosinolates (7 μmol/g). Neither total phenolics nor glucosinolates were significantly diminished even after long term (6 months) storage at 4, 20, or 37 °C, whereas carotenoids degraded over time, particularly at higher temperatures. Dry biofortified phytoactive-protein ingredients allowed delivery of immunoprotective compounds from fruits and vegetables in a stable, lightweight matrix.}, number={4}, journal={PLANT FOODS FOR HUMAN NUTRITION}, author={Yousef, Gad G. and Grace, Mary H. and Medina, Jorge L. Guerrero and Neff, Scott and Guzman, Ivette and Brown, Allan F. and Raskin, Ilya and Lila, Mary Ann}, year={2014}, month={Dec}, pages={317–324} }
 @article{le_esposito_grace_ha_pham_bortolazzo_bevens_kim_okuda_komarnytsky_et al._2014, title={Cytotoxic Effects of Ellagitannins Isolated from Walnuts in Human Cancer Cells}, volume={66}, ISSN={["1532-7914"]}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-84911418409&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, DOI={10.1080/01635581.2014.956246}, abstractNote={Walnuts contain many bioactive components that may slow cancer growth. A previous report showed that a diet supplemented with walnuts decreased the tumor size formed by MDA-MB-231 human cancer cells injected into nude mice. However, the mechanism of action was never determined. We characterized the effects of a methanol extract prepared from walnuts on human MDA-MB-231, MCF7, and HeLa cells. The extract was cytotoxic to all cancer cells. We identified compounds from the methanol extract that induced this cytotoxicity. The predominant compounds were Tellimagrandin I and Tellimagrandin II, members of the ellagitannin family. We also show a walnut extract decreases the intracellular pH, depolarizes the mitochondrial membrane with release of cytochrome c and phosphatidylserine flipping. The antimitogenic effects of walnut extract were associated with a twofold reduction of mitochondria respiration. These results suggest impairment of mitochondrial function and apoptosis as relevant mechanism of anticancer effects of the walnut extract.}, number={8}, journal={NUTRITION AND CANCER-AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL}, publisher={Informa UK Limited}, author={Le, Vy and Esposito, Debora and Grace, Mary H. and Ha, Danny and Pham, Anh and Bortolazzo, Anthony and Bevens, Zackery and Kim, John and Okuda, Roy and Komarnytsky, Slavko and et al.}, year={2014}, month={Nov}, pages={1304–1314} }
 @article{ribnicky_roopchand_oren_grace_poulev_lila_havenaar_raskin_2014, title={Effects of a high fat meal matrix and protein complexation on the bioaccessibility of blueberry anthocyanins using the TNO gastrointestinal model (TIM-1)}, volume={142}, ISSN={["1873-7072"]}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-84881166722&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, DOI={10.1016/j.foodchem.2013.07.073}, abstractNote={The TNO intestinal model (TIM-1) of the human upper gastrointestinal tract was used to compare intestinal absorption/bioaccessibility of blueberry anthocyanins under different digestive conditions. Blueberry polyphenol-rich extract was delivered to TIM-1 in the absence or presence of a high-fat meal. HPLC analysis of seventeen anthocyanins showed that delphinidin-3-glucoside, delphinidin-3-galactoside, delphinidin-3-arabinoside and petunidin-3-arabinoside were twice as bioaccessible in fed state, whilst delphinidin-3-(6″-acetoyl)-glucoside and malvidin-3-arabinoside were twice as bioaccessible under fasted conditions, suggesting lipid-rich matrices selectively effect anthocyanin bioaccessibility. TIM-1 was fed blueberry juice (BBJ) or blueberry polyphenol-enriched defatted soybean flour (BB-DSF) containing equivalent amounts of free or DSF-sorbed anthocyanins, respectively. Anthocyanin bioaccessibility from BB-DSF (36.0±10.4) was numerically, but not significantly, greater than that from BBJ (26.3±10.3). Ileal efflux samples collected after digestion of BB-DSF contained 2.8-fold more anthocyanins than same from BBJ, suggesting that protein-rich DSF protects anthocyanins during transit through upper digestive tract for subsequent colonic delivery/metabolism.}, journal={FOOD CHEMISTRY}, author={Ribnicky, David M. and Roopchand, Diana E. and Oren, Andrew and Grace, Mary and Poulev, Alexander and Lila, Mary Ann and Havenaar, Robert and Raskin, Ilya}, year={2014}, month={Jan}, pages={349–357} }
 @article{grace_warlick_neff_lila_2014, title={Efficient preparative isolation and identification of walnut bioactive components using high-speed counter-current chromatography and LC-ESI-IT-TOF-MS}, volume={158}, ISSN={["1873-7072"]}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-84896514682&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, DOI={10.1016/j.foodchem.2014.02.117}, abstractNote={Preparative isolation of complex mixtures of compounds from walnut polar extracts was established by a combination of high-speed counter-current chromatography (HSCCC) and electrospray ionization-ion trap-time of flight mass spectrometry (ESI-IT-TOF-MS). Compounds were isolated after a solvent optimisation selection based on solute distribution in a biphasic solvent system. Isolation was achieved through one or two successive HSCCC runs, and final purification on Sephadex LH-20. Isolated compounds included ellagitannins (1–11), gallic acid (12), dicarboxylic acid glucosides (13–15), hydrojuglone glucoside (16), catechin (17), procyanidin B2 (18), and megasterone glucosides (19–20). Praecoxin D (4) was isolated for the first time from walnut, while praecoxin A methyl ester (5) and glansreginin A n-butyl ester (14) are newly identified compounds. The purity and identity of isolated compounds were confirmed by NMR and HPLC-ESI-MS/MS. These results provided a foundation for in depth characterisation of walnut compounds and offered an efficient strategy for isolation of potentially health-relevant phytochemicals from walnuts.}, journal={FOOD CHEMISTRY}, author={Grace, Mary H. and Warlick, Charles W. and Neff, Scott A. and Lila, Mary Ann}, year={2014}, month={Sep}, pages={229–238} }
 @misc{hypoallergenic food-​grade protein matrices and uses thereof_2014, journal={PCT Int. Appl., WO 2014011693 A1 20140116}, year={2014} }
 @article{esposito_chen_grace_komarnytsky_lila_2014, title={Inhibitory Effects of Wild Blueberry Anthocyanins and Other Flavonoids on Biomarkers of Acute and Chronic Inflammation in Vitro}, volume={62}, ISSN={["1520-5118"]}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-84905574450&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, DOI={10.1021/jf4051599}, abstractNote={Wild lowbush blueberries (Vaccinium angustifolium Ait) are a rich source of anthocyanins and other flavonoids with anti-inflammatory activities; however, their individual effects on cellular signaling remain to be elucidated. This study determined the capacity of blueberry bioactives to protect murine RAW 264.7 macrophages from lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammation. Fractionation of the crude extract (CE) into polyphenol-rich (PPR), anthocyanin-rich (ANC), and proanthocyanidin-rich (PAC) fractions and an ethyl acetate fraction (EA) revealed that PPR, ANC, and PAC components most effectively suppressed mRNA biomarkers of acute inflammation (Cox-2, iNOS, and IL-1β). Among major polyphenols found in the wild blueberries, malvidin-3-glucoside was significantly more effective than epicatechin or chlorogenic acid in reducing the expression of pro-inflammatory genes in vitro.}, number={29}, journal={JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY}, publisher={American Chemical Society (ACS)}, author={Esposito, Debora and Chen, Amelia and Grace, Mary H. and Komarnytsky, Slavko and Lila, Mary Ann}, year={2014}, month={Jul}, pages={7022–7028} }
 @article{rojas-silva_graziose_vesely_poulev_mbeunkui_grace_kyle_lila_raskin_2014, title={Leishmanicidal activity of a daucane sesquiterpene isolated from Eryngium foetidum}, volume={52}, ISSN={["1744-5116"]}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-84893248952&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, DOI={10.3109/13880209.2013.837077}, abstractNote={Abstract Context: Eryngium foetidum L. (Apiaceae) is a traditional herb that has been used for numerous medicinal applications, including as a treatment for parasitic infections, especially in the Neotropics from where it originates. Objective: This study evaluates the in vitro leishmanicidal and cytotoxicity activities of isolated compounds based on a bioassay-guided fractionation approach. Materials and methods: Defatted aerial parts of E. foetidum were subjected to extraction with methanol followed by partitioning with n-hexane, ethyl acetate and 50% methanol. Then, the first two fractions were subsequently fractionated by column chromatography and HPLC. Compound identity was confirmed by mass spectrometry and NMR spectroscopy. Leishmania tarentolae (promastigotes) and L. donovani (amastigotes) were used as testing parasites. L6 rat myoblasts were used for cytotoxicity. All extracts and fractions were tested at 20 μg/mL. Results: The initial methanol extract showed 20% growth inhibition of L. tarentolae. Then, the n-hexane and ethyl acetate fractions were also active showing approximately 40% growth inhibition. From these two fractions, the following compounds were isolated: lasidiol p-methoxybenzoate (1), a daucane sesquiterpene; and 4-hydroxy-1,1,5-trimethyl-2-formyl-cyclohexadien-(2,5)-[α-acetoxymethyl-cis-crotonate] (2), a terpene aldehyde ester derivative. Compound 1 inhibited the growth of both L. tarentolae and L. donovani with IC50 values of 14.33 and 7.84 μM, respectively; and showed no cytotoxicity (IC50 > 50 μM). Compound 2 was inactive in the L. tarentolae assay (IC50 > 50 μM). Discussion and conclusion: This study presented the bioassay-guided fractionation with the leishmanicidal and cytotoxicity activities of two compounds isolated for the first time from an Eryngium species.}, number={3}, journal={PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY}, author={Rojas-Silva, Patricio and Graziose, Rocky and Vesely, Brian and Poulev, Alexander and Mbeunkui, Flaubert and Grace, Mary H. and Kyle, Dennis E. and Lila, Mary Ann and Raskin, Ilya}, year={2014}, month={Mar}, pages={398–401} }
 @article{strathearn_yousef_grace_roy_tambe_ferruzzi_wu_simon_lila_rochet_et al._2014, title={Neuroprotective effects of anthocyanin- and proanthocyanidin-rich extracts in cellular models of Parkinson׳s disease}, volume={1555}, ISSN={0006-8993}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/J.BRAINRES.2014.01.047}, DOI={10.1016/j.brainres.2014.01.047}, abstractNote={Neuropathological evidence indicates that dopaminergic cell death in Parkinson׳s disease (PD) involves impairment of mitochondrial complex I, oxidative stress, microglial activation, and the formation of Lewy bodies. Epidemiological findings suggest that the consumption of berries rich in anthocyanins and proanthocyanidins may reduce PD risk. In this study, we investigated whether extracts rich in anthocyanins, proanthocyanidins, or other polyphenols suppress the neurotoxic effects of rotenone in a primary cell culture model of PD. Dopaminergic cell death elicited by rotenone was suppressed by extracts prepared from blueberries, grape seed, hibiscus, blackcurrant, and Chinese mulberry. Extracts rich in anthocyanins and proanthocyanidins exhibited greater neuroprotective activity than extracts rich in other polyphenols, and a number of individual anthocyanins interfered with rotenone neurotoxicity. The blueberry and grape seed extracts rescued rotenone-induced defects in mitochondrial respiration in a dopaminergic cell line, and a purple basal extract attenuated nitrite release from microglial cells stimulated by lipopolysaccharide. These findings suggest that anthocyanin- and proanthocyanidin-rich botanical extracts may alleviate neurodegeneration in PD via enhancement of mitochondrial function.}, journal={Brain Research}, publisher={Elsevier BV}, author={Strathearn, K.E. and Yousef, G.G. and Grace, M.H. and Roy, S.L. and Tambe, M.A. and Ferruzzi, M.G. and Wu, Q.-L. and Simon, J.E. and Lila, M.A. and Rochet, J.-C. and et al.}, year={2014}, month={Mar}, pages={60–77} }
 @article{plundrich_kulis_white_grace_guo_burks_davis_lila_2014, title={Novel Strategy To Create Hypoallergenic Peanut Protein-Polyphenol Edible Matrices for Oral Immunotherapy}, volume={62}, ISSN={["1520-5118"]}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-84905588654&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, DOI={10.1021/jf405773b}, abstractNote={Peanut allergy is an IgE-mediated hypersensitivity. Upon peanut consumption by an allergic individual, epitopes on peanut proteins bind and cross-link peanut-specific IgE on mast cell and basophil surfaces triggering the cells to release inflammatory mediators responsible for allergic reactions. Polyphenolic phytochemicals have high affinity to bind proteins and form soluble and insoluble complexes with unique functionality. This study investigated the allergenicity of polyphenol-fortified peanut matrices prepared by complexing various polyphenol-rich plant juices and extracts with peanut flour. Polyphenol-fortified peanut matrices reduced IgE binding to one or more peanut allergens (Ara h 1, Ara h 2, Ara h 3, and Ara h 6). Attenuated total reflectance-Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR) suggested changes in secondary protein structure. Peanut protein-cranberry polyphenol fortified matrices triggered significantly less basophil degranulation than unmodified flour in an ex vivo assay using human blood and less mast cell degranulation when used to orally challenge peanut-allergic mice. Polyphenol fortification of peanut flour resulted in a hypoallergenic matrix with reduced IgE binding and degranulation capacity, likely due to changes in protein secondary structure or masking of epitopes, suggesting potential applications for oral immunotherapy.}, number={29}, journal={JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY}, author={Plundrich, Nathalie J. and Kulis, Mike and White, Brittany L. and Grace, Mary H. and Guo, Rishu and Burks, A. Wesley and Davis, Jack P. and Lila, Mary Ann}, year={2014}, month={Jul}, pages={7010–7021} }
 @article{damsud_grace_adisakwattana_phuwapraisirisan_2014, title={Orthosiphol A from the aerial parts of Orthosiphon aristatus is putatively responsible for hypoglycemic effect via α-glucosidase inhibition}, volume={9}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-84901606984&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, number={5}, journal={Natural Product Communications}, author={Damsud, T. and Grace, M.H. and Adisakwattana, S. and Phuwapraisirisan, P.}, year={2014}, pages={639–641} }
 @article{kellogg_grace_lila_2014, title={Phlorotannins from Alaskan Seaweed Inhibit Carbolytic Enzyme Activity}, volume={12}, ISSN={["1660-3397"]}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-84908191293&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, DOI={10.3390/md12105277}, abstractNote={Global incidence of type 2 diabetes has escalated over the past few decades, necessitating a continued search for natural sources of enzyme inhibitors to offset postprandial hyperglycemia. The objective of this study was to evaluate coastal Alaskan seaweed inhibition of α-glucosidase and α-amylase, two carbolytic enzymes involved in serum glucose regulation. Of the six species initially screened, the brown seaweeds Fucus distichus and Alaria marginata possessed the strongest inhibitory effects. F. distichus fractions were potent mixed-mode inhibitors of α-glucosidase and α-amylase, with IC50 values of 0.89 and 13.9 μg/mL, respectively; significantly more efficacious than the pharmaceutical acarbose (IC50 of 112.0 and 137.8 μg/mL, respectively). The activity of F. distichus fractions was associated with phlorotannin oligomers. Normal-phase liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (NPLC-MS) was employed to characterize individual oligomers. Accurate masses and fragmentation patterns confirmed the presence of fucophloroethol structures with degrees of polymerization from 3 to 18 monomer units. These findings suggest that coastal Alaskan seaweeds are sources of α-glucosidase and α-amylase inhibitory phlorotannins, and thus have potential to limit the release of sugar from carbohydrates and thus alleviate postprandial hyperglycemia.}, number={10}, journal={MARINE DRUGS}, author={Kellogg, Joshua and Grace, Mary H. and Lila, Mary Ann}, year={2014}, month={Oct}, pages={5277–5294} }
 @article{grace_yousef_gustafson_truong_yencho_lila_2014, title={Phytochemical changes in phenolics, anthocyanins, ascorbic acid, and carotenoids associated with sweetpotato storage and impacts on bioactive properties}, volume={145}, ISSN={["1873-7072"]}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-84884340315&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, DOI={10.1016/j.foodchem.2013.08.107}, abstractNote={Sweetpotato phytochemical content was evaluated in four genotypes (NCPUR06-020, Covington, Yellow Covington, and NC07-847) at harvest and after curing/storage for 4 or 8 months. Curing and storage for up to 8 months did not significantly affect total phenolic content in Covington, Yellow Covington, and NC07-847, however for NCPUR06-020, a purple-fleshed selection, total phenolic content declined mainly due to anthocyanin degradation during storage. Covington had the highest carotenoid content at harvest time (281.9 μg/g DM), followed by NC07-847 (26.2 μg/g DM), and after 8 months, total carotenoids had increased by 25% and 50%, respectively. Antioxidant activity gradually declined during storage, and freshly harvested sweetpotatoes also demonstrated higher anti-inflammatory capacity as gauged by inhibition of lipopolysaccharide-induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) in SH-SY5Y cells. Gradual changes in sweetpotato phytochemical content and antioxidant and anti-inflammatory capacity were noted during normal long-term storage, but the specific effects were genotype-dependent.}, journal={FOOD CHEMISTRY}, publisher={Elsevier BV}, author={Grace, Mary H. and Yousef, Gad G. and Gustafson, Sally J. and Truong, Van-Den and Yencho, G. Craig and Lila, Mary Ann}, year={2014}, month={Feb}, pages={717–724} }
 @article{graf_poulev_kuhn_grace_lila_raskin_2014, title={Quinoa seeds leach phytoecdysteroids and other compounds with anti-diabetic properties}, volume={163}, ISSN={["1873-7072"]}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-84901298282&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, DOI={10.1016/j.foodchem.2014.04.088}, abstractNote={Quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.) contains high levels of biologically active phytoecdysteroids, which have been implicated in plant defense from insects, and have shown a range of beneficial pharmacological effects in mammals. We demonstrated that the most prevalent phytoecdysteroid, 20-hydroxyecdysone (20HE), was secreted (leached) from intact quinoa seeds into water during the initial stages of seed germination. Leaching efficiency was optimized by ethanol concentration (70% ethanol), temperature (80°C), time (4h), and solvent ratio (5 ml/g seed). When compared to extraction of macerated seeds, the leaching procedure released essentially all the 20HE available in the seeds (491 μg/g seed). The optimized quinoa leachate (QL), containing 0.86% 20HE, 1.00% total phytoecdysteroids, 2.59% flavonoid glycosides, 11.9% oil, and 20.4% protein, significantly lowered fasting blood glucose in obese, hyperglycemic mice. Leaching effectively releases and concentrates bioactive phytochemicals from quinoa seeds, providing an efficient means to produce a food-grade mixture that may be useful for anti-diabetic applications.}, journal={FOOD CHEMISTRY}, author={Graf, Brittany L. and Poulev, Alexander and Kuhn, Peter and Grace, Mary H. and Lila, Mary Ann and Raskin, Ilya}, year={2014}, month={Nov}, pages={178–185} }
 @article{lila_kellogg_grace_yousef_kraft_rogers_2014, title={Stressed for Success: How the Berry's Wild Origins Result in Multifaceted Health Protections}, volume={1017}, ISSN={["2406-6168"]}, DOI={10.17660/actahortic.2014.1017.1}, abstractNote={In the harsh, unprotected wilds, environmental or climatic stressors (elicitors) provoke the deposition of health-protective secondary phytochemicals in plants that will help them adapt and thrive. For berries endemic to the wind-battered open plains of the Dakotas, the arctic tundra of Alaska, exposed elevations in the Andean Mountains or the nutrient-starved lava flows of Pacific Islands, certain stresses can be taken to extreme limits, triggering deposition of potent phytochemical mixtures within berry fruits. The unique and sometimes dramatic phytochemical melange not only protects the host plant from insult, but also offers broad-spectrum health benefits to the animals (including humans) that consume these berries. Traditional diets in many native cultures have featured wild game, seafood, and a plethora of these wild berry species including salmonberries, mossberries, maquiberry, buffaloberry, blue huckleberries and bog blueberries. In recent years, just as native communities have shifted towards more Western diets and away from traditions, the incidence of diabetes and obesity has risen. In partnership with local Native American and Alaska Native communities, our teams have investigated the health protective (and in particular, anti-diabetic and obesity-inhibiting) properties of indigenous berries as conditioned by environmental and climatic stress in the wild growing sites. Various wild berries were examined in field bioassays, then in lab analyses, and proved capable of dose-dependent inhibition of proinflammatory cytokines associated with metabolic syndrome, and inhibition of aldose reductase, an enzyme associated with diabetic retinopathy. The complexity of the phytochemical profiles of the wild berries and potentiating interactions between anthocyanins, proanthocyanidins, and other flavonoid phytochemicals contributed to the modulation of specific cellular targets related to metabolic syndrome and obesity. comparing the empirical values to the predicted values: additive (empirical=predicted), more than additive (empirical>predicted), interference (empirical<predicted). Data represents mean ± standard error of n ≥ 5. The effect of interactions between berry fractions of P. virginiana on the inhibition of LPS (10 ng/ml) induced production of inflammatory markers in murine BV-2 cells. interaction type determined by comparing the empirical values to the predicted additive (empirical=predicted), additive (empirical>predicted), needed to inhibit aldose reductase by 50% (IC 50 by Toyopearl fractions of Aristotelia virginiana calculated testing at least 6 concentrations duplicate or greater and using a nonlinear least squares equation of best fit. confidence interval shows significance.}, journal={X INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON VACCINIUM AND OTHER SUPERFRUITS}, author={Lila, M. A. and Kellogg, J. and Grace, M. H. and Yousef, G. G. and Kraft, T. B. and Rogers, R. B.}, year={2014}, pages={23–43} }
 @book{lila_kellogg_grace_yousef_kraft_rogers_2014, title={Stressed for success: How the berry's wild origins result in multifaceted health protections}, volume={1017}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-84892711366&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, journal={Acta Horticulturae}, author={Lila, M.A. and Kellogg, J. and Grace, M.H. and Yousef, G.G. and Kraft, T.B. and Rogers, R.B.}, year={2014}, pages={23–44} }
 @article{graziose_grace_rathinasabapathy_rojas-silva_dekock_poulev_lila_smith_raskin_2013, title={Antiplasmodial activity of cucurbitacin glycosides from Datisca glomerata (C. Presl) Baill}, volume={87}, ISSN={["0031-9422"]}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-84872776315&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, DOI={10.1016/j.phytochem.2012.11.025}, abstractNote={The traditionally used antimalarial plant, Datisca glomerata (C. Presl) Baill, was subjected to antiplasmodial assay guided fractionation. This led to the isolation of seven cucurbitacin glycosides, datiscosides I-O, along with two known compounds, datiscoside and datiscoside B, from the aerial parts of D. glomerata. Their structures and relative stereochemistry were determined on the basis of mass spectrometry, 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopic data. Antiplasmodial IC(50) values were determined for all isolated compounds against a chloroquine sensitive strain of Plasmodium falciparum (D10), which were also evaluated in vitro for their antileishmanial activity against Leishmania tarentolae. Cytotoxicity was evaluated against rat skeletal muscle cells (L6) and Chinese ovarian hamster cells (CHO). The antiplasmodial activity of the compounds was moderate and ranged from 7.7 to 33.3 μM. None of the compounds showed appreciable antileishmanial activity. The compounds displayed cytotoxicity against L6 but not CHO mammalian cells.}, journal={PHYTOCHEMISTRY}, author={Graziose, Rocky and Grace, Mary H. and Rathinasabapathy, Thirumurugan and Rojas-Silva, Patricio and Dekock, Carmen and Poulev, Alexander and Lila, Mary Ann and Smith, Peter and Raskin, Ilya}, year={2013}, month={Mar}, pages={78–85} }
 @article{plundrich_grace_raskin_lila_2013, title={Bioactive polyphenols from muscadine grape and blackcurrant stably concentrated onto protein-rich matrices for topical applications}, volume={35}, ISSN={["1468-2494"]}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-84880133164&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, DOI={10.1111/ics.12057}, abstractNote={Synopsis}, number={4}, journal={INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF COSMETIC SCIENCE}, author={Plundrich, N. and Grace, M. H. and Raskin, I. and Lila, M. Ann}, year={2013}, month={Aug}, pages={394–401} }
 @article{yousef_brown_funakoshi_mbeunkui_grace_ballington_loraine_lila_2013, title={Efficient Quantification of the Health-Relevant Anthocyanin and Phenolic Acid Profiles in Commercial Cultivars and Breeding Selections of Blueberries (Vaccinium spp.)}, volume={61}, ISSN={["1520-5118"]}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-84878264623&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, DOI={10.1021/jf400823s}, abstractNote={Anthocyanins and phenolic acids are major secondary metabolites in blueberry with important implications for human health maintenance. An improved protocol was developed for the accurate, efficient, and rapid comparative screening for large blueberry sample sets. Triplicates of six commercial cultivars and four breeding selections were analyzed using the new method. The compound recoveries ranged from 94.2 to 97.5 ± 5.3% when samples were spiked with commercial standards prior to extraction. Eighteen anthocyanins and 4 phenolic acids were quantified in frozen and freeze-dried fruits. Large variations for individual and total anthocyanins, ranging from 201.4 to 402.8 mg/100 g, were assayed in frozen fruits. The total phenolic acid content ranged from 23.6 to 61.7 mg/100 g in frozen fruits. Across all genotypes, freeze-drying resulted in minor reductions in anthocyanin concentration (3.9%) compared to anthocyanins in frozen fruits. However, phenolic acids increased by an average of 1.9-fold (±0.3) in the freeze-dried fruit. Different genotypes frequently had comparable overall levels of total anthocyanins and phenolic acids, but differed dramatically in individual profiles of compounds. Three of the genotypes contained markedly higher concentrations of delphinidin 3-O-glucoside, cyanidin 3-O-glucoside, and malvidin 3-O-glucoside, which have previously been implicated as bioactive principles in this fruit. The implications of these findings for human health benefits are discussed.}, number={20}, journal={JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY}, author={Yousef, Gad G. and Brown, Allan F. and Funakoshi, Yayoi and Mbeunkui, Flaubert and Grace, Mary H. and Ballington, James R. and Loraine, Ann and Lila, Mary A.}, year={2013}, month={May}, pages={4806–4815} }
 @article{nassar_aboutabl_eskander_grace_el-khrisy_sleem_2013, title={Flavonoid glycosides and pharmacological activity of Amphilophium paniculatum}, volume={5}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-84873597990&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, DOI={10.4103/0974-8490.105643}, abstractNote={Background: Nothing is reported on Amphilophium paniculatum (L.) Kunth. This study aimed at investigation of chemical constituents of the leaves of Amphilophium paniculatum, grown in Egypt, in addition to pharmacological evaluation. Materials and Methods: Isolation of a new compound, along with 5 known flavonoids. Pharmacological activities were carried out on different extracts of A. paniculatum leaves. Results: Identification of a new flavone glycoside, acacetin 8-C-β-D- glucopyranosy l-(1→2)-α-L-rhamnopyranoside (1) in addition to 5 known flavonoids. The 70% ethanol crud extract and its successive chloroform, ethyl acetate, and 100% ethanol extracts showed significant anti-inflammatoryactivity,analgesic effect, antipyretic activity, antioxidant activity, and anti-hyperglycemic activity. Determination of the median lethal dose (LD50) revealed that the different extracts were safe.}, number={1}, journal={Pharmacognosy Research}, author={Nassar, M.I. and Aboutabl, E.-S.A. and Eskander, D.M. and Grace, M.H. and EL-Khrisy, E.-D.A. and Sleem, A.A.}, year={2013}, pages={17–21} }
 @inproceedings{hsccc isolation and characterization of walnut polyphenols with antioxidative and lipolytic activity_2013, year={2013} }
 @article{grace_guzman_roopchand_moskal_cheng_pogrebnyak_raskin_howell_lila_2013, title={Stable Binding of Alternative Protein-Enriched Food Matrices with Concentrated Cranberry Bioflavonoids for Functional Food Applications}, volume={61}, ISSN={["1520-5118"]}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-84880374592&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, DOI={10.1021/jf401627m}, abstractNote={Defatted soy flour (DSF), soy protein isolate (SPI), hemp protein isolate (HPI), medium-roast peanut flour (MPF), and pea protein isolate (PPI) stably bind and concentrate cranberry (CB) polyphenols, creating protein/polyphenol-enriched matrices. Proanthocyanidins (PAC) in the enriched matrices ranged from 20.75 mg/g (CB-HPI) to 10.68 mg/g (CB-SPI). Anthocyanins (ANC) ranged from 3.19 mg/g (CB-DSF) to 1.68 mg/g (CB-SPI), whereas total phenolics (TP) ranged from 37.61 mg/g (CB-HPI) to 21.29 mg/g (CB-SPI). LC-MS indicated that the enriched matrices contained all identifiable ANC, PAC, and flavonols present in CB juice. Complexation with SPI stabilized and preserved the integrity of the CB polyphenolic components for at least 15 weeks at 37 °C. PAC isolated from enriched matrices demonstrated comparable antiadhesion bioactivity to PAC isolated directly from CB juice (MIC 0.4-0.16 mg/mL), indicating their potential utility for maintenance of urinary tract health. Approximately 1.0 g of polyphenol-enriched matrix delivered the same amount of PAC available in 1 cup (300 mL) of commercial CB juice cocktail, which has been shown clinically to be the prophylactic dose for reducing recurring urinary tract infections. CB-SPI inhibited Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacterial growth. Nutritional and sensory analyses indicated that the targeted CB-matrix combinations have high potential for incorporation in functional food formulations.}, number={28}, journal={JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY}, author={Grace, Mary H. and Guzman, Ivette and Roopchand, Diana E. and Moskal, Kristin and Cheng, Diana M. and Pogrebnyak, Natasha and Raskin, Ilya and Howell, Amy and Lila, Mary Ann}, year={2013}, month={Jul}, pages={6856–6864} }
 @article{graziose_rojas-silva_rathinasabapathy_dekock_grace_poulev_lila_smith_raskin_2012, title={Antiparasitic compounds from Cornus florida L. with activities against Plasmodium falciparum and Leishmania tarentolae}, volume={142}, ISSN={["1872-7573"]}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-84862853930&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, DOI={10.1016/j.jep.2012.05.017}, abstractNote={The objective of this study was to identify the antiplasmodial constituents from the bark of Cornus florida L., a plant traditionally used in North America for the treatment of malaria.Dried and powdered bark was extracted with 95% ethanol. The resultant extract was subjected to in vitro antiplasmodial-guided fractionation against Plasmodium falciparum (D10 strain). Antiplasmodial IC(50) values were calculated for pure compounds. Compounds were also assayed against Leishmania tarentolae, and rat skeletal myoblast L6 cells to assess antileishmanial activity and cytotoxicity, respectively.Antiplasmodial-guided fractionation afforded 8 compounds: betulinic acid (1), ursolic acid (2), β-sitosterol (3), ergosta-4,6,8,22-tetraene-3-one (4), 3β-O-acetyl betulinic acid (5), 3-epideoxyflindissol (6), 3β-O-cis-coumaroyl betulinic acid (7), 3β-O-trans-coumaroyl betulinic acid (8), of which, (6) is for the first time here isolated from a natural product and (4), (7) and (8) are reported for the first time from this genus. In vitro IC(50) values against P. falciparum for (4) (61.0 μM) (6) (128.0 μM), (7) (10.4 μM), (8) (15.3 μM) are reported for the first time. Antileishmanial IC(50) values are reported here for the first time for (4) (11.5 μM), (6) (1.8 μM), (7) (8.3 μM) and (8) (2.2 μM). Cytotoxicity against L6 cells is reported for all compounds.The compounds isolated in this study, while displaying moderate in vitro antiplasmodial activity, do not fully support the historical importance of C. florida as an antimalarial remedy in North America. The traditional remedy may exert its well documented effects by mechanisms unrelated to direct antiplasmodial action. While not traditionally used to treat Leishmania, this work shows that several constituents of C. florida possess promising in vitro antileishmanial activity.}, number={2}, journal={JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY}, author={Graziose, Rocky and Rojas-Silva, Patricio and Rathinasabapathy, Thirumurugan and Dekock, Carmen and Grace, Mary H. and Poulev, Alexander and Lila, Mary Ann and Smith, Peter and Raskin, Ilya}, year={2012}, month={Jul}, pages={456–461} }
 @article{grace_lategan_graziose_smith_raskin_lila_2012, title={Antiplasmodial activity of the ethnobotanical plant Cassia fistula}, volume={7}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-84869831873&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, number={10}, journal={Natural Product Communications}, author={Grace, M.H. and Lategan, C. and Graziose, R. and Smith, P.J. and Raskin, I. and Lila, M.A.}, year={2012}, pages={1263–1266} }
 @article{grace_massey_mbeunkui_yousef_lila_2012, title={Comparison of Health-Relevant Flavonoids in Commonly Consumed Cranberry Products}, volume={77}, ISSN={["1750-3841"]}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-84864624023&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, DOI={10.1111/j.1750-3841.2012.02788.x}, abstractNote={Abstract:  The human health benefits from consumption of cranberry products have been associated with the fruits’ unique flavonoid composition, including a complex profile of anthocyanins and proanthocyanidins. However, when processed by techniques such as pressing, canning, concentrating, or drying, a number of these natural components may be compromised or inactivated due to physical separation, thermal degradation, or oxidation. Fresh cranberries were compared to freeze‐dried berries and individual fruit tissues (skin and peeled fruit). Products examined included cranberry juices (commercial and prepared from concentrate), cranberry sauces (commercial and homemade), and sweetened‐dried cranberries (commercial). Freeze‐drying resulted in no detectable losses of anthocyanins or proanthocyanidins from cranberry fruits. Anthocyanins were localized in the skin. Proanthocyanins were higher in the skin than in the flesh, with the exception of procyanidin A‐2 dimer which was concentrated in the flesh. Anthocyanins were significantly higher in not‐from‐concentrate juice than in reconstituted juice from concentrate (8.3 mg and 4.2 mg/100 mL, respectively). Similarly, proanthocyanidins were markedly higher in not‐from‐concentrate juice compared to juice from concentrate (23.0 mg and 8.9 mg/100 mL, respectively). Homemade sauce contained far higher anthocyanins and proanthocyanidins (15.9 and 87.9 mg/100 g, respectively) than canned sauces processed with whole berries (9.6 and 54.4 mg/100 g, respectively) or jelled‐type (1.1 and 16 mg/100 g, respectively). Sweetened‐dried cranberries were quite low in anthocyanins (7.9 mg/100 g), but they still retained considerable proanthocyanidins (64.2 mg/100 g). Commercially processed products contained significantly lower levels of polyphenols as compared to fresh and home‐processed preparations. Anthocyanins were more sensitive to degradation than proanthocyanidins.}, number={8}, journal={JOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE}, author={Grace, Mary H. and Massey, Aaron R. and Mbeunkui, Flaubert and Yousef, Gad G. and Lila, Mary Ann}, year={2012}, month={Aug}, pages={H176–H183} }
 @article{lila_ribnicky_rojo_rojas-silva_oren_havenaar_janle_raskin_yousef_grace_et al._2012, title={Complementary Approaches To Gauge the Bioavailability and Distribution of Ingested Berry Polyphenolics}, volume={60}, ISSN={["1520-5118"]}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-84862158948&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, DOI={10.1021/jf203526h}, abstractNote={Two different strategies for investigating the likely fate, after ingestion, of natural, bioactive berry constituents (anthocyanins and other non-nutritive flavonoids) are compared. A model of the human gastrointestinal tract (TIM-1) that mimicked the biological environment from the point of swallowing and ingestion through the duodenum, jejunum, and ileum (but not the colon) was used to monitor the stability and bioaccessibility of anthocyanins from both maqui berry and wild blueberry. TIM-1 revealed that most anthocyanins were bioaccessible between the second and third hours after intake. Alternatively, biolabeled anthocyanins and other flavonoids generated in vitro from berry and grape cell cultures were administered to in vivo (rodent) models, allowing measurement and tracking of the absorption and transport of berry constituents and clearance through the urinary tract and colon. The advantages and limitations of the alternative strategies are considered.}, number={23}, journal={JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY}, author={Lila, M.A. and Ribnicky, D.M. and Rojo, L.E. and Rojas-Silva, P. and Oren, A. and Havenaar, R. and Janle, E.M. and Raskin, I. and Yousef, G.G. and Grace, M.H. and et al.}, year={2012}, month={Jun}, pages={5763–5771} }
 @inproceedings{graziose_grace_rathinasabapathy_rojas-silva_dekock_poulev_lila_smith_raskin_2012, title={Cucurbitacin glycosides from Datisca glomerata with antiplasmodial activity}, volume={78}, number={11}, booktitle={Planta Medica}, author={Graziose, R. and Grace, M. H. and Rathinasabapathy, T. and Rojas-Silva, P. and Dekock, C. and Poulev, A. and Lila, M. A. and Smith, P. and Raskin, I.}, year={2012}, pages={1245–1245} }
 @article{roopchand_grace_kuhn_cheng_plundrich_poulev_howell_fridlender_lila_raskin_et al._2012, title={Efficient sorption of polyphenols to soybean flour enables natural fortification of foods}, volume={131}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-81855221898&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, DOI={10.1016/j.foodchem.2011.09.103}, abstractNote={The present study demonstrated that defatted soybean flour (DSF) can sorb polyphenols from blueberry and cranberry juices while separating them from sugars. Depending on DSF concentration and juice dilution, the concentration of blueberry anthocyanins and total polyphenols sorbed to DSF ranged from 2–22 mg/g and 10–95 mg/g, respectively while the concentration of anthocyanins and proanthocyanidins in cranberry polyphenol-enriched DSF ranged from 2.5–17 mg/g and 21–101 mg/g, respectively. Blueberry polyphenols present in one serving of fresh blueberries (73 g) were delivered in just 1.4 g of blueberry polyphenol-enriched DSF. Similarly, one gram of cranberry polyphenol-enriched DSF delivered the amount of proanthocyanidins available in three 240 ml servings of cranberry juice cocktail. The concentration of blueberry anthocyanins and total polyphenols eluted from DSF remained constant after 22 weeks of incubation at 37 °C, demonstrating the high stability of the polyphenol–DSF matrix. LC–MS analysis of eluates confirmed that DSF retained major cranberry and blueberry polyphenols intact. Blueberry polyphenol-enriched DSF exhibited significant hypoglycaemic activities in C57bl/6J mice, and cranberry polyphenol-enriched DSF showed antimicrobial and anti-UTI activities in vitro, confirming its efficacy. The described sorption process provides a means to create protein-rich food ingredients containing concentrated plant bioactives without excess sugars, fats and water that can be incorporated in a variety of scientifically validated functional foods and dietary supplements.}, number={4}, journal={Food Chemistry}, author={Roopchand, D.E. and Grace, M.H. and Kuhn, P. and Cheng, D.M. and Plundrich, N. and Poulev, A. and Howell, A. and Fridlender, B. and Lila, M.A. and Raskin, I. and et al.}, year={2012}, pages={1193–1200} }
 @article{rojo_ribnicky_logendra_poulev_rojas-silva_kuhn_dorn_grace_lila_raskin_et al._2012, title={In vitro and in vivo anti-diabetic effects of anthocyanins from Maqui Berry (Aristotelia chilensis)}, volume={131}, ISSN={0308-8146}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2011.08.066}, DOI={10.1016/j.foodchem.2011.08.066}, abstractNote={We used a murine model of type II diabetes, which reproduces the major features of the human disease, and a number of cellular models to study the antidiabetic effect of ANC, a standardised anthocyanin-rich formulation from Maqui Berry (Aristotelia chilensis). We also isolated delphinidin 3-sambubioside-5-glucoside (D3S5G), a characteristic anthocyanin from Maqui Berry, and studied its antidiabetic properties. We observed that oral administration of ANC improved fasting blood glucose levels and glucose tolerance in hyperglycaemic obese C57BL/6J mice fed a high fat diet. In H4IIE rat liver cells, ANC decreased glucose production and enhanced the insulin-stimulated down regulation of the gluconeogenic enzyme, glucose-6-phosphatase. In L6 myotubes ANC treatment increased both insulin and non-insulin mediated glucose uptake. As with the ACN, oral administration of pure D3S5G dose-dependently decreased fasting blood glucose levels in obese C57BL/6J mice, and decreased glucose production in rat liver cells. D3S5G also increased glucose uptake in L6 myotubes and is at least partially responsible for ANC’s anti-diabetic properties.}, number={2}, journal={Food Chemistry}, publisher={Elsevier BV}, author={Rojo, L.E. and Ribnicky, D. and Logendra, S. and Poulev, A. and Rojas-Silva, P. and Kuhn, P. and Dorn, R. and Grace, M.H. and Lila, M.A. and Raskin, I. and et al.}, year={2012}, month={Mar}, pages={387–396} }
 @article{mbeunkui_grace_lategan_smith_raskin_lila_2012, title={In vitro antiplasmodial activity of indole alkaloids from the stem bark of Geissospermum vellosii}, volume={139}, ISSN={["0378-8741"]}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-84856012987&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, DOI={10.1016/j.jep.2011.11.036}, abstractNote={The stem bark of Geissospermum vellosii has been traditionally used by the native population of northern South America to treat malaria. Indole alkaloids have been previously isolated from this plant, but the antiplasmodial constituents have not yet been described. As part of our ongoing investigations of new bioactive compounds with activity against malaria parasites, we tested the in vitro antiplasmodial activity of isolated fractions and purified alkaloids from Geissospermum vellosii.Indole alkaloids were isolated and identified from a methanolic crude extract of Geissospermum vellosii bark using a combination of high performance counter current chromatography, mass spectrometry and nuclear magnetic resonance technologies. The methanolic extract, the crude alkaloid fractions and the purified compounds were tested for in vitro antiplasmodial activity against the chloroquine-sensitive strain of Plasmodium falciparum (D10).An indole alkaloid (4) along with four known indole alkaloids, geissolosimine (1), geissospermine (2), geissoschizoline (3), and vellosiminol (5) were isolated and structure elucidated. The antiplasmodial activity (IC(50)) of the methanolic crude extract was 2.22 μg/mL, while for the isolated compounds it ranged from 0.96 μM to 13.96 μM except for (5) which showed a low activity (157 μM). Geissolosimine (1) showed the highest antiplasmodial activity (0.96 μM).This study provides evidence to support the use of Geissospermum vellosii as an antimalarial agent, as used by the native populations. Geissolosimine (1) is a lead molecular structure for possible antimalarial drug development.}, number={2}, journal={JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY}, author={Mbeunkui, Flaubert and Grace, Mary H. and Lategan, Carmen and Smith, Peter J. and Raskin, Ilya and Lila, Mary Ann}, year={2012}, month={Jan}, pages={471–477} }
 @article{mbeunkui_grace_yousef_lila_2012, title={Isolation and characterization of flavonols from blackcurrant by high-performance counter-current chromatography and electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry}, volume={35}, ISSN={["1615-9314"]}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-84863684478&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, DOI={10.1002/jssc.201200198}, abstractNote={Blackcurrant is considered as a natural high‐value food raw material and possesses a variety of therapeutic properties. The health benefits of blackcurrant have generally been credited to its high anthocyanin content; however, the therapeutic properties of other minor flavonoids constituents have not yet been investigated due the difficulties related to their isolation. Multiple steps of high‐performance counter‐current chromatography in combination with ESI tandem mass spectrometry (MSn) were successfully used for the preparative isolation of flavonols from blackcurrant extract, to study their electrospray ionization mass spectrometry fragmentation behavior. Seven flavonols, namely myricetin‐3‐O‐rutinoside (145.5 mg), myricetin‐3‐O‐hexoside (79.7 mg), myricetin‐3‐O‐(6″‐malonyl)‐glucoside (17.4 mg), kaempferol‐3‐O‐glucoside (20.5 mg), quercetin‐3‐O‐rutinoside (55.1 mg), quercetin‐3‐O‐hexoside (25.8 mg), and myricetin (129.1 mg) have been successfully isolated and their multistage MSn data were used for detailed structure characterization. The results of these experiments demonstrated that high‐performance counter‐current chromatography along with ESI‐MSn is a sensitive, selective, and effective technology for isolation and characterization of minor constituents from a complex mixture.}, number={13}, journal={JOURNAL OF SEPARATION SCIENCE}, author={Mbeunkui, Flaubert and Grace, Mary H. and Yousef, Gad G. and Lila, Mary Ann}, year={2012}, month={Jul}, pages={1682–1689} }
 @article{mbeunkui_grace_lila_2012, title={Isolation and structural elucidation of indole alkaloids from Geissospermum vellosii by mass spectrometry}, volume={885-886}, ISSN={1570-0232}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jchromb.2011.12.018}, DOI={10.1016/j.jchromb.2011.12.018}, abstractNote={Alkaloids from the stem bark of Geissospermum vellosii possess a variety of therapeutic properties including antimalarial activities, activity as a sexual stimulant and inhibition of the proliferation of HIV and herpes viruses. Methods currently used to isolate the active components from G. vellosii are time-consuming, labor intensive, and result in low recovery. In addition, there is a lack of sensitive and accurate analytical methods for the structural characterization and identification of alkaloid components in minor quantities. A combination of high performance counter-current chromatography and ESI tandem mass spectrometry (MS(n)) was established to isolate alkaloids from the stem bark of G. vellosii, and study their electrospray ionization mass spectrometry fragmentation behavior. Five indole alkaloids were successfully isolated and identified by nuclear magnetic resonance and mass spectrometry. The multi-stage tandem mass spectrometric data were used to study their fragmentation pattern and set a model for detailed structure characterization of related indole alkaloids. The presence of the even mass fragment ion suggestive of an odd number of nitrogen at m/z 144 corresponding to C(10)H(9)N was characteristic to indole alkaloids. The results of the experiments demonstrated that the combination of high performance counter current chromatography and ESI-MS(n) is a sensitive, selective and effective approach for rapid isolation and characterization of alkaloids from G. vellosii.}, journal={Journal of Chromatography B}, publisher={Elsevier BV}, author={Mbeunkui, Flaubert and Grace, Mary H. and Lila, Mary Ann}, year={2012}, month={Feb}, pages={83–89} }
 @inproceedings{rojas-silva_graziose_poulev_mbeunkui_grace_lila_raskin_2012, title={Seeking novel Leishmanicidal natural products from common medicinal plants, the example of Eryngium foetidum L}, volume={78}, number={11}, booktitle={Planta Medica}, author={Rojas-Silva, P. and Graziose, R. and Poulev, A. and Mbeunkui, F. and Grace, M. H. and Lila, M. A. and Raskin, I.}, year={2012}, pages={1132–1132} }
 @article{graziose_rathinasabapathy_lategan_poulev_smith_grace_lila_raskin_2011, title={Antiplasmodial activity of aporphine alkaloids and sesquiterpene lactones from Liriodendron tulipifera L.}, volume={133}, ISSN={["0378-8741"]}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-78650679847&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, DOI={10.1016/j.jep.2010.08.059}, abstractNote={The objective of this study was to isolate and characterize the active constituents of the traditionally used antimalarial plant Liriodendron tulipifera by antiplasmodial-assay guided fractionation.Bark and leaves were extracted with solvents of increasing polarity. Fractions were generated using flash chromatography, counter current chromatography and preparative HPLC and subjected to in vitro antiplasmodial and cytotoxicity assays. Active fractions were subjected to further fractionation until pure compounds were isolated, for which the IC(50) values were calculated.Six known aporphine alkaloids, asimilobine (1), norushinsunine (2), norglaucine (3), liriodenine (4), anonaine (5) and oxoglaucine (6) were found to be responsible for the antiplasmodial activity of the bark. Leaves yielded two known sesquiterpene lactones, peroxyferolide (7) and lipiferolide (8) with antiplasmodial activity. The antiplasmodial activity of (2) (IC(50)=29.6 μg/mL), (3) (IC(50)=22.0 μg/mL), (6) (IC(50)=9.1 μg/mL), (7) (IC(50)=6.2 μg/mL) and (8) (IC(50)=1.8 μg/mL) are reported for the first time.This work supports the historical use of Liriodendron tulipifera as an antimalarial remedy of the United States and characterizes its antiplasmodial constituents.}, number={1}, journal={JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY}, author={Graziose, Rocky and Rathinasabapathy, Thirumurugan and Lategan, Carmen and Poulev, Alexander and Smith, Peter J. and Grace, Mary and Lila, Mary Ann and Raskin, Ilya}, year={2011}, month={Jan}, pages={26–30} }
 @article{complementary approaches to gauge the bioavailability and distribution of ingested berry polyphenolics.  journal of agricultural and food chemistry 60:5763-5771_2011, DOI={DOI: 10.1021/jf203526h}, journal={Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry}, year={2011}, month={Nov} }
 @article{mbeunkui_grace_lategan_smith_raskin_lila_2011, title={Isolation and identification of antiplasmodial N-alkylamides from Spilanthes acmella flowers using centrifugal partition chromatography and ESI-IT-TOF-MS}, volume={879}, ISSN={1570-0232}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jchromb.2011.05.013}, DOI={10.1016/j.jchromb.2011.05.013}, abstractNote={The development of new antiplasmodial drugs is of primary importance due to the growing problem of multi-drug resistance of malaria parasites. Spilanthes acmella, a plant traditionally used for the treatment of toothache, was targeted as a lead for its potential antiplasmodial activity. A systematic approach for investigating a suitable centrifugal partition chromatography (CPC) solvent system for N-alkylamides separation was reported. The partition behavior of three N-alkylamides has been studied using several biphasic solvent mixtures in search of an adequate CPC solvent system for this class of compounds. Major N-alkylamides in S. acmella were isolated from a methanolic crude extract of flowers by CPC with the solvent system heptanes-ethyl acetate-methanol-water (3:2:3:2, v/v/v/v). Four N-alkylamides were purified and the structures were illustrated by electrospray ionization-ion trap-time of flight-mass spectrometry (ESI-IT-TOF-MS), ¹H nuclear magnetic resonance (¹H NMR) and ¹³C nuclear magnetic resonance (¹³C NMR). The CPC fractions, which contained natural mixtures of phytochemicals, demonstrated significantly higher antiplasmodial activity compared to corresponding purified N-alkylamides, thus suggesting that interactions between these N-alkylamides may potentiate antiplasmodial bioactivity.}, number={21}, journal={Journal of Chromatography B}, publisher={Elsevier BV}, author={Mbeunkui, Flaubert and Grace, Mary H. and Lategan, Carmen and Smith, Peter J. and Raskin, Ilya and Lila, Mary Ann}, year={2011}, month={Jul}, pages={1886–1892} }
 @inproceedings{variation of resveratrol and anthocyanins contents in blueberry species and cultivars and their implications for human health. berry health benifits symposium, westlake, ca ,_2011, year={2011} }
 @article{grace_lategan_mbeunkui_graziose_smith_raskin_lila_2010, title={Antiplasmodial and cytotoxic activities of drimane sesquiterpenes from Canella winterana}, volume={5}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-78751538177&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, number={12}, journal={Natural Product Communications}, author={Grace, M.H. and Lategan, C. and Mbeunkui, F. and Graziose, R. and Smith, P.J. and Raskin, I. and Lila, M.A.}, year={2010}, pages={1869–1872} }
 @article{mun_grannan_lachcik_rogers_yousef_grace_janle_wu_simon_weaver_et al._2010, title={Tracking deposition of a <sup>14</sup>C-radiolabeled kudzu hairy root-derived isoflavone-rich fraction into bone}, volume={235}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-77957828954&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, DOI={10.1258/ebm.2010.010134}, abstractNote={ Hairy roots were induced in four genotypes from three kudzu species ( Pueraria montana var. lobata, P. lobata and P. phaseoloides) in vitro using Agrobacterium rhizogenes to stimulate rapid secondary metabolite synthesis. Hairy roots from P. montana var. lobata (United States Department of Agriculture no. PI 434246) yielded the highest puerarin and total isoflavone content and the greatest new biomass per growth cycle among the genotypes evaluated. Hairy roots from this genotype were selected for radiolabeling using 14C-sucrose as a carbon source. Isoflavones from radiolabeled kudzu hairy root cultures were extracted with 80% methanol, partitioned by solvent extraction, and then subfractionated by Sephadex LH-20 gel filtration. Radiolabeled isoflavones were isolated in a highly enriched fraction, which contained predominantly puerarin, daidzin and malonyl-daidzin and had an average radioactivity of 8.614 MBq/g (232.8 μCi/g) dry fraction. The 14C-radiolabeled, isoflavone-rich fraction was orally administered at a dose of 60 mg/kg body weight to male Sprague–Dawley rats implanted with a jugular catheter, a subcutaneous ultrafiltrate probe and a brain microdialysate probe. Serum, interstitial fluid, brain microdialysate, urine and feces were collected using a Culex® Automated Blood Collection System for 24 h. At the end of this period, rats were sacrificed and major tissues were collected. Analysis by a scintillation counter confirmed that a bolus dose of 14C-radiolabeled, isoflavone-rich kudzu fraction reached bone tissues, which accumulated 0.011%, 0.09% and 0.003% of the administered dose in femur, tibia and vertebrae, respectively. Femurs extracted with 80% methanol were analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography with electrospray ionization–mass spectrometry and were found to contain trace quantities of puerarin, daidzein and puerarin glucuronide. This study demonstrates that kudzu isoflavones and metabolites are capable of reaching bone tissues, where they may contribute to the prevention of osteoporosis and the promotion of bone health. }, number={10}, journal={Experimental Biology and Medicine}, author={Mun, J.G. and Grannan, M.D. and Lachcik, P.J. and Rogers, R.B. and Yousef, G.G. and Grace, M.H. and Janle, E.M. and Wu, Q.L. and Simon, J.E. and Weaver, C.M. and et al.}, year={2010}, pages={1224–1235} }
 @article{grace_wilson_kandil_dimitriadis_coates_2009, title={Characteristic flavonoids from Acacia burkittii and A. acuminata heartwoods and their differential cytotoxicity to normal and leukemia cells}, volume={4}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-66849101227&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, number={1}, journal={Natural Product Communications}, author={Grace, M.H. and Wilson, G.R. and Kandil, F.E. and Dimitriadis, E. and Coates, R.M.}, year={2009}, pages={69–76} }
 @article{grace_ribnicky_kuhn_poulev_logendra_yousef_raskin_lila_2009, title={Hypoglycemic activity of a novel anthocyanin-rich formulation from lowbush blueberry, Vaccinium angustifolium Aiton}, volume={16}, ISSN={0944-7113}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.phymed.2009.02.018}, DOI={10.1016/j.phymed.2009.02.018}, abstractNote={Blueberry fruits are known as a rich source of anthocyanin components. In this study we demonstrate that anthocyanins from blueberry have the potency to alleviate symptoms of hyperglycemia in diabetic C57b1/6J mice. The anti-diabetic activity of different anthocyanin-related extracts was evaluated using the pharmaceutically acceptable self-microemulsifying drug delivery system: Labrasol. Treatment by gavage (500 mg/kg body wt) with a phenolic-rich extract and an anthocyanin-enriched fraction formulated with Labrasol lowered elevated blood glucose levels by 33 and 51%, respectively. The hypoglycemic activities of these formulae were comparable to that of the known anti-diabetic drug metformin (27% at 300 mg/kg). The extracts were not significantly hypoglycemic when administered without Labrasol, demonstrating its bio-enhancing effect, most likely due to increasing the bioavailability of the administered preparations. The phenolic-rich extract contained 287.0+/-9.7 mg/g anthocyanins, while the anthocyanin-enriched fraction contained 595+/-20.0 mg/g (cyanidin-3-glucoside equivalents), as measured by HPLC and pH differential analysis methods. The greater hypoglycemic activity of the anthocyanin-enriched fraction compared to the initial phenolic-rich extract suggested that the activity was due to the anthocyanin components. Treatment by gavage (300 mg/kg) with the pure anthocyanins, delphinidin-3-O-glucoside and malvidin-3-O-glucoside, formulated with Labrasol, showed that malvidin-3-O-glucoside was significantly hypoglycemic while delphinidin-3-O-glucoside was not.}, number={5}, journal={Phytomedicine}, publisher={Elsevier BV}, author={Grace, Mary H. and Ribnicky, David M. and Kuhn, Peter and Poulev, Alexander and Logendra, Sithes and Yousef, Gad G. and Raskin, Ilya and Lila, Mary Ann}, year={2009}, month={May}, pages={406–415} }
 @article{grace_yousef_kurmukov_raskin_lila_2009, title={Phytochemical characterization of an adaptogenic preparation from Rhodiola heterodonta}, volume={4}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-73949106585&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, number={8}, journal={Natural Product Communications}, author={Grace, M.H. and Yousef, G.G. and Kurmukov, A.G. and Raskin, I. and Lila, M.A.}, year={2009}, pages={1053–1058} }
 @article{cheng_yousef_grace_rogers_gorelick-feldman_raskin_lila_2008, title={In vitro production of metabolism-enhancing phytoecdysteroids from Ajuga turkestanica}, volume={93}, ISSN={0167-6857 1573-5044}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11240-008-9345-5}, DOI={10.1007/s11240-008-9345-5}, number={1}, journal={Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture}, publisher={Springer Science and Business Media LLC}, author={Cheng, Diana M. and Yousef, Gad G. and Grace, Mary H. and Rogers, Randy B. and Gorelick-Feldman, J. and Raskin, I. and Lila, Mary Ann}, year={2008}, month={Feb}, pages={73–83} }
 @article{grace_cheng_raskin_lila_2008, title={Neo-clerodane diterpenes from Ajuga turkestanica}, volume={1}, ISSN={1874-3900}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.phytol.2008.03.004}, DOI={10.1016/j.phytol.2008.03.004}, abstractNote={The ethyl acetate extract of the aerial parts of Ajuga turkestanica afforded 6 neo-clerodane diterpenes, including two novel compounds, 14, 15-dihydroajugachin B (1) and 14-hydro-15-methoxyajugachin B (2), in addition to the known diterpenoids chamaepitin (3), ajugachin B (4), ajugapitin (5) and lupulin A (6). Structures were established through exhaustive NMR spectroscopic analysis and chemical transformation in the case of 1. The full (1)H and (13)C NMR assignment of the C-15 R and S configurations of 14-hydro-15-methoxyajugachin B and chamaepitin were elucidated.}, number={2}, journal={Phytochemistry Letters}, publisher={Elsevier BV}, author={Grace, Mary H. and Cheng, Diana M. and Raskin, Ilya and Lila, Mary Ann}, year={2008}, month={Aug}, pages={81–84} }
 @article{grace_faraldos_lila_coates_2007, title={ent-Beyerane diterpenoids from the heartwood of Excoecaria parvifolia}, volume={68}, ISSN={0031-9422}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.phytochem.2006.11.010}, DOI={10.1016/j.phytochem.2006.11.010}, abstractNote={Chromatographic fractionations of the toluene extract of the heartwood of Excoecaria parvifolia collected in Australia resulted in the isolation of 12 beyerane diterpenes (1-12), and the triterpene, lupeol. Four of the isolated diterpenoids (5-7 and 12) have unusual structures: ent-3-oxa-beyer-15-en-2-one, (5); ent-15,16-epoxy-2-hydroxy-19-norbeyer-1,4-dien-3-one (6); methyl ent-2,4-seco-15,16-epoxy-4-oxo-3,19-dinorbeyer-15-en-2-oate (7); and ent-2,17-dihydroxy-19-norbeyer-1,4,15-trien-3-one (12). The structures were established by spectroscopic analyses, NMR data comparisons with similar diterpenes, and chemical correlations. All the diterpenes are assumed to have the same absolute configuration as the co-occurring (+)-stachenol (4). Diosphenol 2 and nor-lactone 5 exhibited significant potency in bioassays for cytotoxic activity against leukemia cells (L1210). Plausible biosynthetic pathways are proposed to explain the origin of the diterpene metabolites.}, number={4}, journal={Phytochemistry}, publisher={Elsevier BV}, author={Grace, Mary H. and Faraldos, Juan A. and Lila, Mary Ann and Coates, Robert M.}, year={2007}, month={Feb}, pages={546–553} }
 @article{sueiro_yousef_seigler_de mejia_grace_lila_2006, title={Chemopreventive potential of flavonoid extracts from plantation-bred and wild Aronia melanocarpa (black chokeberry) fruits}, volume={71}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-33750027376&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, DOI={10.1111/j.1750-3841.2006.00152.x}, abstractNote={ABSTRACT:  European plantation‐bred (cultivated) and local Illinois (wild) Aronia melanocarpa (chokeberry) fruits were extracted with 70% aqueous acetone and separated into 6 fractions using vacuum liquid chromatography (VLC) over a Toyopearl (TP) polymer column. TP fractions 2 through 6 were recombined and further subfractionated using silica gel (SG) into 22 subfractions. Crude extract, TP fractions, and SG subfractions were screened in a L1210 murine leukemia cell assay and a human DNA catalytic topoisomerase II assay in order to gauge the cancer chemopreventive potential of each genotype. SG subfraction 6 from the cultivated genotype showed >90% inhibitory activity at 25 μg/mL, and a similar fraction from the wild genotype showed >95% inhibitory activity to L1210 leukemia cells at a concentration of 50 μg/mL. On the basis of topoisomerase inhibition, it can be concluded that all TP fractions of the wild genotype act as catalytic inhibitors. Similar anthocyanins and oligomeric proanthocyanidins were identified from both Aronia genotypes; however, HPLC‐ESI‐MS spectra indicated higher flavonoid concentration in the wild Aronia and a predominance (up to 67%) of nonphenolic compounds in the berries from the cultivated genotype. Both cultivated and wild genotypes exhibited promise toward chemoprevention, but differed in levels of activity in the assays used to determine chemoprotective potential.}, number={8}, journal={Journal of Food Science}, author={Sueiro, L. and Yousef, G.G. and Seigler, D. and De Mejia, E.G. and Grace, M.H. and Lila, M.A.}, year={2006} }
 @article{yousef_grace_cheng_belolipov_raskin_lila_2006, title={Comparative phytochemical characterization of three Rhodiola species}, volume={67}, ISSN={0031-9422}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.phytochem.2006.07.026}, DOI={10.1016/j.phytochem.2006.07.026}, abstractNote={In comparison to the well-recognized adaptogenic herb Rhodiola rosea, phytochemical constituents of two other Rhodiola species (R. heterodonta and R. semenovii) were elucidated and characterized. Two major phytochemical groups; phenolic and/or cyanogenic glycosides and proanthocyanidins, were isolated and identified in the three species. Chemical similarities among the three species were observed; however, each species displayed differences in phytochemical constituents. R. heterodonta contained a newly detected phenylethanoid glycoside, heterodontoside, in addition to the known compounds tyrosol, viridoside, salidroside, and rhodiocyanoside A. Both R. heterodonta and R. rosea contained phenylethanoid/propanoid compounds that were not detected in R. semenovii. For R. semenovii, the cyanogenic glucosides rhodiocyanoside A and lotaustralin were detected. Although the three species have proanthocyanidins composed of (-)-epigallocatechin and its 3-O-gallate esters in common, the degree of polymerization greatly differed between them. In contrast to R. heterodonta and R. semenovii, R. rosea has higher molecular weight polymeric proanthocyanidins. This study resulted in the identification and isolation of phytochemical constituents for direct cross-comparison between three Rhodiola species of medicinal and pharmacological value.}, number={21}, journal={Phytochemistry}, publisher={Elsevier BV}, author={Yousef, Gad G. and Grace, Mary H. and Cheng, Diana M. and Belolipov, Igor V. and Raskin, Ilya and Lila, Mary Ann}, year={2006}, month={Nov}, pages={2380–2391} }
 @article{khatab_haggag_grace_2006, title={Cytotoxic investigation of Cynara sibthorpiana}, volume={18}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-29244450216&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, number={1}, journal={Asian Journal of Chemistry}, author={Khatab, A.M. and Haggag, E.G. and Grace, M.H.}, year={2006}, pages={423–431} }
 @article{grace_jin_wilson_coates_2006, title={Structures, biogenetic relationships, and cytotoxicity of pimarane-derived diterpenes from Petalostigma pubescens}, volume={67}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-33747671376&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, DOI={10.1016/j.phytochem.2005.09.026}, abstractNote={Extraction of Petalostigma pubescens heartwood followed by chromatographic purifications and crystallizations afforded five tricyclic diterpenes: 5,9-syn-rosanes petalostigmones A and B (1 and 2), the erythroxylane petalostigmone C (3), the norditerpene lactone pubescenone (4), and the known ent-cleistanthane diterpene (−)-sonderianol (5). The structures and relative stereochemistry were elucidated by means of spectroscopic methods, chemical correlations, and, in the cases of 1 and 4, by X-ray crystallographic analyses. The new isolates 1–4 are assumed to belong to the same absolute configurational family (9αCH3) of ent-pimarane-derived diterpenes as the known co-occurring (−)-5 (10αCH3). Biogenetic schemes originating from a common ent-copalyl diphosphate intermediate are presented to rationalize the structures of these natural products. A novel ring contraction–ring expansion mechanism is suggested to account for the 7-membered B ring of pubescenone. Compounds 1–5 were evaluated for their cytotoxicity; sonderianol (5) showed the highest activity against mouse leukemia cell lines L1210, P388 and mouse liver cancer cells HEPA1c1c7.}, number={16}, journal={Phytochemistry}, author={Grace, M.H. and Jin, Y. and Wilson, G.R. and Coates, R.M.}, year={2006}, pages={1708–1715} }
 @article{kandil_grace_seigler_cheeseman_2004, title={Polyphenolics in Rhizophora mangle L. leaves and their changes during leaf development and senescence}, volume={18}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-4644302507&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, DOI={10.1007/s00468-004-0337-8}, number={5}, journal={Trees - Structure and Function}, author={Kandil, F.E. and Grace, M.H. and Seigler, D.S. and Cheeseman, J.M.}, year={2004}, pages={518–528} }
 @article{grace_2002, title={Chemical composition and biological activity of the volatiles of Anthemis melampodina and Pluchea dioscoridis}, volume={16}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-0036221008&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, DOI={10.1002/ptr.872}, abstractNote={Abstract}, number={2}, journal={Phytotherapy Research}, author={Grace, M.H.}, year={2002}, pages={183–185} }
 @article{ahmed_khattab_grace_sahl_2001, title={A new eudesmanolide from Crataegus flava fruits}, volume={72}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-0034763875&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, DOI={10.1016/S0367-326X(01)00315-X}, abstractNote={A new eudesmanolide, 1β,9α-dihydroxyeudesm-3-en-5β,6α,7α,11αH-12,6-olide (1), was isolated from Crataegus flava fruits. Its structure was determined by spectroscopic methods.}, number={7}, journal={Fitoterapia}, author={Ahmed, A.A. and Khattab, A.M. and Grace, M.H. and Sahl, M.M.}, year={2001}, pages={756–759} }
 @article{khattab_grace_el-khrisy_2001, title={A new flavone derivative from Ehretia ovalifolia leaves}, volume={56}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-0034886882&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, number={8}, journal={Pharmazie}, author={Khattab, A.M. and Grace, M.H. and El-Khrisy, E.A.}, year={2001}, pages={661–662} }
 @article{flavonoids and pharmacological activity of vernonia galamensis ssp. galamensis var. petitiana (a. rich) m. gilbert. 40(2), 117-128._2001, journal={Egyptian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences}, year={2001} }
 @article{pharmaco-​chemical investigations of plantago ovata aerial parts. 39(1), 345-352._2001, journal={Bulletin of the Faculty of Pharmacy (Cairo University)}, year={2001} }
 @article{kandil_grace_2001, title={Polyphenols from Cornulaca monacantha}, volume={58}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-0035851015&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, DOI={10.1016/S0031-9422(01)00265-5}, abstractNote={The aerial parts of the Egyptian herb Cornulaca monacantha have yielded two new galloyltannin analogs (named monacanthin A and monacanthin B) characterized by protoctechuoyl moiety at C-6, and also a new flavonol glycoside, quercetin-4'-O-beta-D-galactoside. The structures of the new compounds were established by conventional analytical methods and confirmed by spectral analyses. Two known flavonoids, luteolin-7-O-rhamnoside, luteolin-7-O-glucoside, and two known gallotannins, penta-O-galloyl-beta-D-glucose and 1,2,3,6-tetra-O-galloyl-beta-D-glucose were also isolated.}, number={4}, journal={Phytochemistry}, author={Kandil, F.E. and Grace, M.H.}, year={2001}, pages={611–613} }
 @article{chemical constituents and molluscicidal activity of senecio cineraria d.c. 39(1-3), 253-266._1999, journal={Egyptian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences}, year={1999} }
 @article{flavonoids of carduncellus eriocephalus. 39(4-6), 409-416_1999, journal={Egyptian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences}, year={1999} }
 @article{grace_saleh_1996, title={Hepato-protective effect of daturaolone isolated from Solanum arundo}, volume={51}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-0029790303&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, number={8}, journal={Pharmazie}, author={Grace, M.H. and Saleh, M.M.}, year={1996}, pages={593–595} }
 @article{saleh_hashem_grace_1996, title={Volatile oil of Egyptian sweet fennel (Foeniculum vulgare, var. dulce, Alef.) and its effects on isolated smooth muscles}, volume={6}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-0029941777&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, number={1}, journal={Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Letters}, author={Saleh, M.M. and Hashem, F.A. and Grace, M.H.}, year={1996}, pages={5–7} }