@article{saldia_bacosa_vegafria_zoleta_hiroyoshi_empig_calleno_cantong_ibarra_aguilos_et al._2024, title={Combined Potential of Quarry Waste Fines and Eggshells for the Hydrothermal Synthesis of Tobermorite at Varying Cement Content}, volume={16}, ISSN={["2071-1050"]}, url={https://doi.org/10.3390/su16062401}, DOI={10.3390/su16062401}, abstractNote={Quarry waste fines and eggshells are unavoidable wastes which relentlessly contribute to environmental loads and pollution. Although many studies have suggested various methods for recycling, these wastes remain underutilized due to some technical constraints. In addition, no study has yet explored the possibility of combining quarry waste fines (QWF) and eggshell powder (ESP) for tobermorite synthesis. Tobermorite is the main component which primarily provides strength to autoclaved aerated concrete products. With this in mind, this study seeks to evaluate the potential of QWF-ESP mix at 10%, 15%, and 20% amounts of cement, respectively. The XRF, XRD, and TGA–DTA techniques were used to characterize the waste materials, while physical and mechanical property tests and XRD analysis were performed on the autoclaved samples. It was found that QWF contains 53.77% SiO2 and ESP contains 97.8% CaO which are key components for tobermorite synthesis. This study also revealed that the mixture with only 10% cement has the highest compressive strength among the QWF-ESP samples. Furthermore, the formation of tobermorite in the samples was confirmed through XRD analysis. Hence, the hydrothermal curing of QWF-ESP can be further developed to produce functional tobermorite-bearing materials.}, number={6}, journal={SUSTAINABILITY}, author={Saldia, Shem and Bacosa, Hernando and Vegafria, Maria Cristina and Zoleta, Joshua and Hiroyoshi, Naoki and Empig, Ernesto and Calleno, Christian and Cantong, Wilyneth and Ibarra, Ephraim and Aguilos, Maricar and et al.}, year={2024}, month={Mar} }
 @article{aguilos_sun_liu_zhang_starr_oishi_o'halloran_forsythe_wang_zhu_et al._2024, title={Energy availability and leaf area dominate control of ecosystem evapotranspiration in the southeastern U.S.}, url={https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agrformet.2024.109960}, DOI={10.1016/j.agrformet.2024.109960}, abstractNote={Evapotranspiration (ET) links water, energy, and carbon balances, and its magnitude and patterns are changing due to climate and land use change in the southeastern U.S. Quantifying the environmental controls on ET is essential for developing reliable ecohydrological models for water resources management. Here, we synthesized eddy covariance data from 24 AmeriFlux sites distributed across the southeastern U.S., comprising 162 site-years of flux data representing six representative ecosystems including cropland vegetation mosaic (CVM), deciduous broadleaf forests (DBF), evergreen needle-leaf forests (ENF), grasslands (GRA), savannas (SAV), and wetlands (WET). Our objectives were to assess the daily, seasonal, and annual variability in ET and to develop practical predictive models for regional applications in ecosystem service analysis. We evaluated the response of ET to climatic and biotic forcings including potential evapotranspiration (PET), precipitation (P), and leaf area index (LAI), and compared the performance of these empirical ET models based and those developed using machine learning algorithms. Our results showed that the mean daily ET varied significantly, ranging from 1.36 mm d−1 in GRA to 2.30 mm d−1 in SAV, with a numerical order : GRA < DBF < ENF < WET < CVM < SAV. In this humid region, mean annual PET exceeded P in 16 out of the 24 flux sites. Using the Budyko framework, we showed that ENF had the highest evaporative efficiency (ET/P). PET and leaf area index (LAI) emerged as the most influential factors explaining ET variability. Artificial neural networks (ANN) and random forest (RF) models demonstrated superior capabilities in predicting monthly ET across sites over generalized additive modeling (GAM) and multiple linear regression (MLR) methods. The present study confirmed that the Southeast region is generally 'energy limited', implying that atmospheric demand along with vegetation information can be used to reliably estimate monthly and annual ET. Our study provides valuable insights into how ET of specific ecosystems is controlled by climatic and land surface drivers, enabling the development of reliable predictive models for regional extrapolation of flux measurements in water resource management in the humid southeastern U.S. region.}, journal={Agricultural and Forest Meteorology}, author={Aguilos, Maricar and Sun, Ge and Liu, Ning and Zhang, Yulong and Starr, Gregory and Oishi, Andrew Christopher and O'Halloran, Thomas L and Forsythe, Jeremy and Wang, Jingfeng and Zhu, Modi and et al.}, year={2024}, month={Apr} }
 @article{wells_aguilos_huang_gao_hou_huang_liao_lin_zhao_qiu_et al._2023, title={Attributing interannual variability of net ecosystem exchange to modeled ecological processes in forested wetlands of contrasting stand age}, volume={9}, ISSN={["1572-9761"]}, DOI={10.1007/s10980-023-01768}, journal={LANDSCAPE ECOLOGY}, author={Wells, Jon M. and Aguilos, Maricar and Huang, Xin and Gao, Yuan and Hou, Enqing and Huang, Wenjuan and Liao, Cuijuan and Lin, Lin and Zhao, Ruiying and Qiu, Han and et al.}, year={2023}, month={Sep} }
 @article{wells_aguilos_huang_gao_hou_huang_liao_lin_zhao_qiu_et al._2023, title={Attributing interannual variability of net ecosystem exchange to modeled ecological processes in forested wetlands of contrasting stand age}, volume={38}, ISSN={0921-2973 1572-9761}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10980-023-01768-x}, DOI={10.1007/s10980-023-01768-x}, number={12}, journal={Landscape Ecology}, publisher={Springer Science and Business Media LLC}, author={Wells, Jon M. and Aguilos, Maricar and Huang, Xin and Gao, Yuan and Hou, Enqing and Huang, Wenjuan and Liao, Cuijuan and Lin, Lin and Zhao, Ruiying and Qiu, Han and et al.}, year={2023}, month={Sep}, pages={3985–3998} }
 @misc{metzger_burba_aguilos_bernier_curtis_demidov_durden_elston_hamann_hawkins_et al._2023, title={Carbon Dew Coordinated Response To: The Federal Strategy to Advance an Integrated US Greenhouse Gas Monitoring and Information System}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.22541/essoar.168500353.39806527/v1}, DOI={10.22541/essoar.168500353.39806527/v1}, publisher={Authorea, Inc.}, author={Metzger, Stefan and Burba, George and Aguilos, Maricar and Bernier, Troy and Curtis, Bryan and Demidov, Oleg and Durden, David and Elston, Jack and Hamann, Hendrik and Hawkins, Jared and et al.}, year={2023}, month={May} }
 @article{saldia_bacosa_vegafria_zoleta_hiroyoshi_calleno_cantong_ibarra_aguilos_amparado_2023, title={Combined Potential of Quarry Waste Fines and Eggshells for the Hydrothermal Synthesis of Tobermorite at Varying Cement Content}, url={https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202311.1926.v1}, DOI={10.20944/preprints202311.1926.v1}, abstractNote={Quarry waste fines and eggshells are unavoidable wastes which relentlessly contribute to environmental load and pollution. Although a number of studies have suggested various methods for recycling, these wastes remain underutilized due to some technical constraints. In addition, no study has yet been explored on the possibility of combining quarry waste fines (QWF) and eggshell powder (ESP) for tobermorite synthesis. Tobermorite is the main component which primarily provides strength to the autoclaved aerated concrete products. For this purpose, this study seeks to evaluate the potential of QWF- ESP mix at 10%, 15% and 20% amounts of cement, respectively. The XRF, XRD, and TGA–DTA techniques were used to characterize the waste materials while physical and mechanical property tests and XRD analysis were performed on the autoclaved samples. It was found that QWF contains 53.77% SiO2, while ESP contains 97.8% CaO which are key components for tobermorite synthesis. This study also revealed that the mixture with only 10% cement has the highest compressive strength among the QWF-ESP samples. Furthermore, the formation of tobermorite in the samples was confirmed through XRD analysis. Hence, the hydrothermal curing of QWF –ESP can be further developed to produce functional tobermorite – bearing materials.}, author={Saldia, Shem Quiawan and Bacosa, Hernando P. and Vegafria, Maria Cristina and Zoleta, Joshua B. and Hiroyoshi, Naoki and Calleno, Christian Dagunsa and Cantong, Wilyneth Sindico and Ibarra, Ephraim and Aguilos, Maricar and Amparado, Ruben F}, year={2023}, month={Nov} }
 @article{pillodar_suson_aguilos_amparado_2023, title={Mangrove Resource Mapping Using Remote Sensing in the Philippines: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis}, volume={14}, ISSN={1999-4907}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f14061080}, DOI={10.3390/f14061080}, abstractNote={In spite of their importance, mangroves are still threatened by a significant reduction in global forest cover due to conversion to non-forest land uses. To implement robust policies and actions in mangrove conservation, quantitative methods in monitoring mangrove attributes are vital. This study intends to study the trend in mangrove resource mapping using remote sensing (RS) to determine the appropriate methods and datasets to be used in monitoring the distribution, aboveground biomass (AGB), and carbon stock (CS) in mangroves. A meta-analysis of several research publications related to mangrove resource mapping using RS in the Philippines has been conducted. A database was constructed containing 59 peer-reviewed articles selected using the protocol search, appraisal, synthesis, analysis, report (PSALSAR) framework and preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analysis (PRISMA). The study clarified that support vector machine (SVM) has shown to be more effective (99%) in discriminating mangroves from other land cover. Light detection and ranging (LiDAR) data also has proven to give a promising result in overall accuracy in mangrove-extent mapping (99%), AGB, and CS estimates (99%), and even species-level mapping (77%). Medium to low-resolution datasets can still achieve high overall accuracy by using appropriate algorithms or predictive models such as the mangrove vegetation index (MVI). The study has also found out that there are still few reports on the usage of high-spatial-resolution datasets, most probably due to their commercial restrictions.}, number={6}, journal={Forests}, publisher={MDPI AG}, author={Pillodar, Fejaycris and Suson, Peter and Aguilos, Maricar and Amparado, Ruben, Jr.}, year={2023}, month={May}, pages={1080} }
 @article{carvalho_aguilos_ile_howard_king_heitman_2023, title={Water use of short-rotation coppice American sycamore (Platanus occidentalis L.) for bioenergy during establishment on marginal land in the North Carolina Piedmont}, volume={276}, ISSN={0378-3774}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.agwat.2022.108071}, DOI={10.1016/j.agwat.2022.108071}, abstractNote={American sycamore (Platanus occidentalis L.) is a hardwood species that can be integrated into short-rotation coppice (SRC) production systems for bioenergy in the southeastern USA. Due to high growth rates and low input requirements, sycamore is regarded as a promising second-generation bioenergy woody crop suitable for degraded or marginal lands. However, little is known about sycamore water use for the conditions of North Carolina (NC), especially during the establishment year when trees are most sensitive to soil water deficits. We evaluated energy fluxes and actual crop evapotranspiration (ETc act) rates of sycamore SRC during the establishment year on marginal land in the Piedmont physiographic region of NC. Our overall goal was to better understand the factors controlling the evaporative demand of sycamore and its sensitivity to drought stress during establishment. Total ETc act was 482 mm, which was 95% of the total rainfall at the site. ETc act rates increased with precipitation and with tree development, reaching a maximum of 5.7 mm d−1. Although severe water stress was not observed during the study period, a moderate drought occurred from mid-August to mid-September, during which a 13-day drying cycle caused ETc act rates to decrease by 30%. The sycamore SRC transitioned from an “energy-limited” to a “water-limited” ETc act regime when water content in the upper 5 cm of soil was about 0.10 m3 m−3, indicating that the sycamore field relied on water available within the upper soil layers. Measurements suggested that trees may not yet have developed a root system sufficient to sustain transpiration during dry spells and that water use of the sycamore field was highly coupled to precipitation during the establishment year.}, journal={Agricultural Water Management}, publisher={Elsevier BV}, author={Carvalho, Henrique D.R. and Aguilos, Maricar M. and Ile, Omoyemeh J. and Howard, Adam M. and King, John S. and Heitman, Joshua L.}, year={2023}, month={Feb}, pages={108071} }
 @article{mariano_aguilos_dagoc_sumalinab_amparado_2022, title={Abandoned Fishpond Reversal to Mangrove Forest: Will the Carbon Storage Potential Match the Natural Stand 30 Years after Reforestation?}, volume={13}, ISSN={1999-4907}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/F13060847}, DOI={10.3390/f13060847}, abstractNote={Mangroves are essential carbon reserves, and their role in carbon sequestration is remarkable. However, anthropogenic pressures such as aquaculture development threatened this highly susceptible ecosystem. Thus, the need to rehabilitate abandoned aquaculture ponds is a must to offset the ecological losses over the economic gains derived from these mangrove land-use changes. Thus, we chose a reforestation site of a once heavily utilized fishpond devastated by a tsunami in the late 1970s in Zamboanga del Sur, Philippines. We then established a similar study plot in a nearby natural mangrove forest as a point of reference. We determined the heterogeneity in vegetation and estimated the aboveground and soil carbon storage capacities. We also examined the distinct changes in species composition and zonation from the seaward towards the landward zones. About 30 years after the abandoned fishpond rehabilitation, we found the tree density of the Rhizopora mucronata Lamk. and Avicenia marina (Forsk.) Vierh-dominated reforestation site was higher (271 trees ha−1) compared to that of the Rhizophora apiculata Blume-dominated natural stand (211 trees ha−1) (p < 0.05). The total aboveground biomass at the natural mangrove forest was 202.02 Mg ha−1, which was close to that of the reforestation site (195.19 Mg ha−1) (p > 0.05). The total aboveground C in the natural mangrove forest was 90.52 Mg C ha−1, while that of the reforestation site was 87.84 Mg C ha−1 (p > 0.05). Surprisingly, the overall soil C content at the natural forest of 249.85 Mg C ha−1 was not significantly different from that of the reforestation site with 299.75 Mg C ha−1 (p > 0.05). There was an increasing soil C content trend as the soil got deeper from 0–100 cm (p < 0.05). The zonation patterns established across the landward to seaward zones did not affect the aboveground and soil carbon estimates (p > 0.05). Our study highlights the effectiveness of abandoned fishpond rehabilitation and calls for continuous restoration of the remaining abandoned aquaculture ponds in the country because of their ability to sequester and store carbon. Lastly, their potential to store huge amounts of carbon that will counterbalance anthropogenic CO2 emissions is likewise highlighted.}, number={6}, journal={Forests}, publisher={MDPI AG}, author={Mariano, Habagat and Aguilos, Maricar and Dagoc, Frandel Louis and Sumalinab, Bryan and Amparado, Ruben, Jr.}, year={2022}, month={May}, pages={847} }
 @article{orella_africa_bustillo_pascua_marquez_adornado_aguilos_2022, title={Above-and-Belowground Carbon Stocks in Two Contrasting Peatlands in the Philippines}, volume={13}, ISSN={1999-4907}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f13020303}, DOI={10.3390/f13020303}, abstractNote={Although tropical peatlands are huge carbon reservoirs, they are threatened by climate change and anthropogenic disturbances. Here, we assessed two contrasting peatland sites in the Philippines in terms of aboveground biomass and carbon content, soil carbon stock, and CO2 fluxes in the soils. The Caimpugan peatland in Agusan del Sur was considered the ‘undisturbed’ site, while the Bambanin peatland in Mindoro Oriental was the ‘disturbed’ site. The aboveground biomass at the undisturbed site was 35.8 ± 30.0 Mg ha−1) while at the disturbed site, it was 2.0 Mg ha−1 ± 1.9 Mg ha−1. The aboveground C content at the undisturbed site varied from 1.29 Mg C ha−1 to 37.2 Mg C ha−1, while the disturbed site only ranged from 0.1 Mg C ha−1 to 2.1 Mg C ha−1. A trend of increasing soil carbon content as the soil gets deeper was observed in both sites. At the undisturbed site, the average soil carbon content was 750 ± 710 Mg ha−1 and 595 ± 406 Mg ha−1 at the disturbed site. In terms of soil carbon emission, the undisturbed site had 3.6 ± 3.0 g C m−2d−1 and was only one-third the emission rate at the disturbed site (11.2 ± 6.4 g C m−2d−1). Our study highlights the dire condition of a disturbed peatland in terms of vegetation/soil carbon dynamics. We underscored the need to address the pressing issues on peatland drainage, agricultural activities, and human settlement within the peatland sites geared towards effectively managing this important carbon reservoir in the Philippines.}, number={2}, journal={Forests}, publisher={MDPI AG}, author={Orella, Joel and Africa, Diana Riza and Bustillo, Catherine Hope and Pascua, Noel and Marquez, Conrado and Adornado, Henry and Aguilos, Maricar}, year={2022}, month={Feb}, pages={303} }
 @article{minick_aguilos_li_mitra_prajapati_king_2022, title={Effects of Spatial Variability and Drainage on Extracellular Enzyme Activity in Coastal Freshwater Forested Wetlands of Eastern North Carolina, USA}, volume={13}, ISSN={1999-4907}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f13060861}, DOI={10.3390/f13060861}, abstractNote={Drainage of freshwater wetlands is common in coastal regions, although the effects on microbial extracellular enzyme activity (a key mediator of soil organic matter decomposition) in relation to spatial variability (microtopography and soil depth) are poorly understood. Soils were collected from organic (Oi, Oe, Oa) and mineral (A, AB, B) horizons from a natural and drained coastal forested wetland in North Carolina, USA. Activity of seven enzymes were measured: α-glucosidase (AG), β-glucosidase (BG), cellobiohydrolase (CBH), xylosidase (XYL), phenol oxidase (POX), peroxidase (PER) and N-acetyl glucosamide (NAG). Enzyme activity rates were normalized by soil weight, soil organic C (SOC), and microbial biomass C (MBC). Specific enzyme activity (per SOC or MBC) was more sensitive to drainage and soil depth compared to normalization by soil weight. In Oi and Oa horizons, specific enzyme activity (per MBC) (AG, BG, XYL, POX, PER) was higher in the natural compared to drained wetland but lower (AG, CBH, XYL, POX, PER, NAG) in the AB or B mineral soils. Results from this study indicate that organic soil horizons of natural freshwater wetlands contain a highly active microbial community driven by inputs of plant-derived C, while deeper soils of the drained wetland exhibit higher microbial metabolic activity, which likely plays a role in SOC storage of these systems.}, number={6}, journal={Forests}, publisher={MDPI AG}, author={Minick, Kevan J. and Aguilos, Maricar and Li, Xuefeng and Mitra, Bhaskar and Prajapati, Prajaya and King, John S.}, year={2022}, month={May}, pages={861} }
 @article{morkoc_aguilos_noormets_minick_ile_dickey_hardesty_kerrigan_heitman_king_2022, title={Environmental and Plant-Derived Controls on the Seasonality and Partitioning of Soil Respiration in an American Sycamore (Platanus occidentalis) Bioenergy Plantation Grown at Different Planting Densities}, volume={13}, ISSN={1999-4907}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f13081286}, DOI={10.3390/f13081286}, abstractNote={Bioenergy is one of the most considered alternatives to fossil fuels. Short-rotation woody crops (SRWCs) as bioenergy sources are capable of alleviating energy constraints and sequestering atmospheric CO2. However, studies investigating soil carbon (C) dynamics at SWRC plantations are scarce. We studied American sycamore (Platanus occidentalis) as a model tree species for SRWC at different planting densities ((1) 0.5 × 2.0 m (10,000 trees·ha−1 or tph), (2) 1.0 × 2.0 m (5000 tph), and (3) 2.0 × 2.0 m (2500 tph)) to examine seasonal variation in total soil respiration (Rtotal), partitioned into heterotrophic (Rh) and autotrophic (Ra) respiration, and we evaluated climatic and biological controls on soil respiration. Rtotal and Rh exhibited larger seasonal variation than Ra (p < 0.05). During the nongrowing seasons, the average Rtotal was 0.60 ± 0.21 g·C·m−2·day−1 in winter and 1.41 ± 0.73 g·C·m−2·day−1 in fall. During the growing season, Rtotal was 2–7 times higher in spring (3.49 ± 1.44 g·C·m−2·day−1) and summer (4.01 ± 1.17 g·C·m−2·day−1) than winter. Average Rtotal was 2.30 ± 0.63 g·C·m−2·day−1 in 2500 tph, 2.43 ± 0.64 g·C·m−2·day−1 in 5000 tph, and 2.41 ± 0.75 g·C·m−2·day−1 in 10,000 tph treatments. Average Rh was 1.72 ± 0.40 g·C·m−2·day−1 in 2500 tph, 1.57 ± 0.39 g·C·m−2·day−1 in 5000 tph, and 1.93 ± 0.64 g·C·m−2·day−1 in 10,000 tph, whereas Ra had the lowest rates, with 0.59 ± 0.53 g·C·m−2·day−1 in 2500 tph, 0.86 ± 0.51 g·C·m−2·d−1 in 5000 tph, and 0.48 ± 0.34 g·C·m−2·day−1 in 10,000 tph treatments. Rh had a greater contribution to Rtotal (63%–80%) compared to Ra (20%–37%). Soil temperature was highly correlated to Rtotal (R2 = 0.92) and Rh (R2 = 0.77), while the correlation to Ra was weak (R2 = 0.21). Rtotal, Rh, and Ra significantly declined with soil water content extremes (e.g., <20% or >50%). Total root biomass in winter (469 ± 127 g·C·m−2) was smaller than in summer (616 ± 161 g·C·m−2), and the relationship of total root biomass to Rtotal, Rh, and Ra was only significant during the growing seasons (R2 = 0.12 to 0.50). The litterfall in 5000 tph (121 ± 16 g DW·m−2) did not differ (p > 0.05) from the 2500 tph (108 ± 16 g DW·m−2) or 10,000 tph (132 ± 16 g DW·m−2) treatments. In no circumstances were Rtotal, Rh, and Ra significantly correlated with litterfall amount across planting densities and seasons (p > 0.05). Overall, our results show that Rtotal in American sycamore SRWC is dominated by the heterotrophic component (Rh), is strongly correlated to soil environmental conditions, and can be minimized by planting at a certain tree density (5000 tph).}, number={8}, journal={Forests}, publisher={MDPI AG}, author={Morkoc, Suna and Aguilos, Maricar and Noormets, Asko and Minick, Kevan J. and Ile, Omoyemeh and Dickey, David A. and Hardesty, Deanna and Kerrigan, Maccoy and Heitman, Joshua and King, John}, year={2022}, month={Aug}, pages={1286} }
 @article{ile_mccormick_skrabacz_bhattacharya_aguilos_carvalho_idassi_baker_heitman_king_2022, title={Integrating Short Rotation Woody Crops into Conventional Agricultural Practices in the Southeastern United States: A Review}, volume={12}, ISSN={2073-445X}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/land12010010}, DOI={10.3390/land12010010}, abstractNote={One of the United Nations Sustainable Development Goal’s (SDGs) aims is to enhance access to clean energy. In addition, other SDGs are directly related to the restoration of degraded soils to improve on-farm productivity and land management. Integrating Short Rotation Woody Crops (SRWC) for bioenergy into conventional agriculture provides opportunities for sustainable domestic energy production, rural economic development/diversification, and restoration of soil health and biodiversity. Extensive research efforts have been carried out on the development of SRWC for bioenergy, biofuels, and bioproducts. Recently, broader objectives that include multiple ecosystem services, such as carbon sequestration, and land mine reclamation are being explored. Yet, limited research is available on the benefits of establishing SRWC on degraded agricultural lands in the southeastern U.S. thereby contributing to environmental goals. This paper presents a literature review to (1) synthesize the patterns and trends in SWRC bioenergy production; (2) highlight the benefits of integrating short rotation woody crops into row crop agriculture; and (3) identify emerging technologies for efficiently managing the integrated system, while identifying research gaps. Our findings show that integrating SRWC into agricultural systems can potentially improve the climate of agricultural landscapes and enhance regional and national carbon stocks in terrestrial systems.}, number={1}, journal={Land}, publisher={MDPI AG}, author={Ile, Omoyemeh J. and McCormick, Hanna and Skrabacz, Sheila and Bhattacharya, Shamik and Aguilos, Maricar and Carvalho, Henrique D. R. and Idassi, Joshua and Baker, Justin and Heitman, Joshua L. and King, John S.}, year={2022}, month={Dec}, pages={10} }
 @article{takagi_aguilos_liang_takahashi_saigusa_koike_sasa_2022, title={Long-term monitoring on the dynamics of ecosystem CO2 balance recovering from a clear-cut harvesting in a cool-temperate forest}, volume={22}, url={https://doi.org/10.14943/EJFR.22.49}, DOI={10.14943/EJFR.22.49}, journal={Eurasian Journal of Forest Research}, publisher={Hokkaido University Forests, EFRC}, author={Takagi, Kentaro and Aguilos, Maricar and Liang, Naishen and Takahashi, Yoshiyuki and Saigusa, Nobuko and Koike, Takayoshi and Sasa, Kaichiro}, year={2022}, pages={49–51} }
 @article{liao_huang_wells_zhao_allen_hou_huang_qiu_tao_jiang_et al._2022, title={Microbe-iron interactions control lignin decomposition in soil}, volume={173}, ISSN={0038-0717}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.soilbio.2022.108803}, DOI={10.1016/j.soilbio.2022.108803}, abstractNote={Lignin decomposition is critically linked to terrestrial carbon (C) cycle due to the enormous C mass of lignin and its importance in controlling overall rates of litter decomposition. Interactions between lignin and iron (Fe) minerals have been increasingly recognized as key mediators of lignin decomposition in experimental studies. However, we still lack a quantitative understanding of how Fe minerals interact with microbes to control lignin decomposition. Here, we leveraged experimental results from an incubation of Fe-rich soil, in which lignin decomposition rates were measured at aerobic conditions after four levels of pre-treated O2 availability, to examine microbe-Fe (MiFe) interactions in lignin decomposition with a MiFe model. We quantified how Fe redox cycling interacted with microbial activities to control lignin decomposition via data-model integration. Our results showed that the MiFe model with time-dependent growth and mortality functions better represented CO2 release from lignin decomposition (R2 ranging from 0.96 to 0.97) than models assuming either first-order or Michaelis-Menten kinetics. Reduction of Fe(III) to Fe(II) after pre-treatments with lower O2 availability stimulated the Fenton reaction to break down macro-molecular lignin into small molecules available to microbes. The small molecules of lignin and necromass bounded with oxidized Fe and were protected from decomposition. After 1-year incubation, the model implied that most of C stabilized with Fe minerals was derived from small molecular lignin C. Our quantitative analysis of microbe-Fe interactions sheds new light on lignin decomposition and preservation and helps improve model prediction of soil C persistence under global change.}, journal={Soil Biology and Biochemistry}, publisher={Elsevier BV}, author={Liao, Cuijuan and Huang, Wenjuan and Wells, Jon and Zhao, Ruiying and Allen, Keanan and Hou, Enqing and Huang, Xin and Qiu, Han and Tao, Feng and Jiang, Lifen and et al.}, year={2022}, month={Oct}, pages={108803} }
 @inproceedings{aguilos_warr_irving_gregg_grady_peele_noormets_sun_liu_mcnulty_et al._2022, title={Sea level rise impacts on wetland forest hydrologic and carbon fluxes in North Carolina, USA}, booktitle={American Geophysical Union (AGU) Fall Meeting 2022}, author={Aguilos, M. and Warr, I. and Irving, M. and Gregg, O. and Grady, S. and Peele, T. and Noormets, A. and Sun, G. and Liu, N. and McNulty, S. and et al.}, year={2022} }
 @article{bustillo_aguilos_2022, title={The Challenges of Modular Learning in the Wake of COVID-19: A Digital Divide in the Philippine Countryside Revealed}, volume={12}, ISSN={2227-7102}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/educsci12070449}, DOI={10.3390/educsci12070449}, abstractNote={The coronavirus pandemic (COVID-19) is a global health crisis that has affected educational systems worldwide. North Eastern Mindanao State University (NEMSU), a typical countryside academic institution in the Southern Philippines, did not escape this dilemma. The advent of remote learning to continue the students’ learning process has caused difficulties for both the students and the educational institutions. Thus, we conducted this study to assess the students’ level of submission of assigned tasks from printed remote learning modular materials under the College of Teacher Education of NEMSU. We evaluated whether the distance of students’ residences to the campus or the nearest online learning facilities affects the level of modular task retrievals. We also determined the current situation, challenges, and struggles of the students with remote learning. Our results showed that out of 392 printed learning modules sent to Bachelor of Elementary Education (BEED) students, 299 or 76% were retrieved. There were also 292 Bachelor of Secondary Education (BSED) students who received the learning modules, and 237, or 81%, complied with their tasks. We found that 68% of the total number of students reside within a <30 km radius, while 32% were within a 30–40 km radius. We also found that the distance of their residences from the NEMSU campus slightly affected the percentage of modular learning material retrievals for both the BEED and BSED students, with R2 = 0.38 and R2 = 0.07, respectively. Nonstructured interview results showed that most students were constrained by many challenges and struggles in complying with the tasks. These include internet connectivity problems, inadequate learning resources, difficulty understanding the module contents and assessment instructions, overloaded remote learning tasks, poor learning environment, and mental health problems. This study also revealed that the country’s digital divide became more apparent as we navigated this new mode of the remote learning system.}, number={7}, journal={Education Sciences}, publisher={MDPI AG}, author={Bustillo, Ermelyn and Aguilos, Maricar}, year={2022}, month={Jun}, pages={449} }
 @article{yáñez-serrano_aguilos_barbosa_bolaño-ortiz_carbone_díaz-lópez_diez_dominutti_engelhardt_alves_et al._2022, title={The Latin America Early Career Earth System Scientist Network (LAECESS): addressing present and future challenges of the upcoming generations of scientists in the region}, volume={5}, ISSN={2397-3722}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41612-022-00300-3}, DOI={10.1038/s41612-022-00300-3}, abstractNote={Abstract}, number={1}, journal={npj Climate and Atmospheric Science}, publisher={Springer Science and Business Media LLC}, author={Yáñez-Serrano, Ana María and Aguilos, Maricar and Barbosa, Cybelli and Bolaño-Ortiz, Tomás Rafael and Carbone, Samara and Díaz-López, Stephanie and Diez, Sebastián and Dominutti, Pamela and Engelhardt, Vanessa and Alves, Eliane Gomes and et al.}, year={2022}, month={Oct} }
 @article{aguilos_warr_irving_gregg_grady_peele_noormets_sun_liu_mcnulty_et al._2022, title={The Unabated Atmospheric Carbon Losses in a Drowning Wetland Forest of North Carolina: A Point of No Return?}, volume={13}, ISSN={1999-4907}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f13081264}, DOI={10.3390/f13081264}, abstractNote={Coastal wetlands provide the unique biogeochemical functions of storing a large fraction of the terrestrial carbon (C) pool and being among the most productive ecosystems in the world. However, coastal wetlands face numerous natural and anthropogenic disturbances that threaten their ecological integrity and C storage potential. To monitor the C balance of a coastal forested wetland, we established an eddy covariance flux tower in a natural undrained bottomland hardwood forest in eastern North Carolina, USA. We examined the long-term trends (2009–2019) in gross primary productivity (GPP), ecosystem respiration (RE), and the net ecosystem C exchange (NEE) seasonally and inter-annually. We analyzed the response of C fluxes and balance to climatic and hydrologic forcings and examined the possible effects of rising sea levels on the inland groundwater dynamics. Our results show that in 2009, a higher annual GPP (1922 g C m−2 yr−1) was observed than annual RE (1554 g C m−2 yr−1), resulting in a net C sink (NEE = −368 g C m−2 yr−1). However, the annual C balance switched to a net C source in 2010 and onwards, varying from 87 g C m−2 yr−1 to 759 g C m−2 yr−1. The multiple effects of air temperature (Tair), net radiation (Rn), groundwater table (GWT) depth, and precipitation (p) explained 66%, 71%, and 29% of the variation in GPP, RE, and NEE, respectively (p < 0.0001). The lowering of GWT (−0.01 cm to −14.26 cm) enhanced GPP and RE by 35% and 28%, respectively. We also observed a significant positive correlation between mean sea level and GWT (R2 = 0.11), but not between GWT and p (R2 = 0.02). Cumulative fluxes from 2009 to 2019 showed continuing C losses owing to a higher rate of increase of RE than GPP. This study contributes to carbon balance accounting to improve ecosystem models, relating C dynamics to temporal trends in under-represented coastal forested wetlands.}, number={8}, journal={Forests}, publisher={MDPI AG}, author={Aguilos, Maricar and Warr, Ian and Irving, Madison and Gregg, Olivia and Grady, Stanton and Peele, Toby and Noormets, Asko and Sun, Ge and Liu, Ning and McNulty, Steve and et al.}, year={2022}, month={Aug}, pages={1264} }
 @inproceedings{sun_aguilos_mitra_domec_minick_prajapati_noomets_gavazzi_boggs_mcnulty_et al._2021, title={Crop Coefficients: Evapotranspiration/Grass Reference Evapotranspiration (ETo) for Forests in the Southeastern U.S.}, url={https://forestthreats.org/products/posters/201ccrop-coefficients201d-evapotranspiration-grass-reference-evapotranspiration-eto-for-forests-in-the-southeastern-u.s}, booktitle={101st Annual Meeting of the American Meteorology Society}, author={Sun, Ge and Aguilos, M. and Mitra, B. and Domec, J.-C. and Minick, K. and Prajapati, P. and Noomets, A. and Gavazzi, M. and Boggs, J. and McNulty, S. and et al.}, year={2021} }
 @inproceedings{huang_liao_wells_zhao_allen_hou_huang_qiu_aguilos_lin_et al._2021, title={Dual effects of iron on lignin decomposition: A case study from data-model fusion}, booktitle={American Geophysical Union (AGU) Fall Meeting 2021}, author={Huang, Wenjuan and Liao, Cuijuan and Wells, Jon and Zhao, Ruiying and Allen, Keanan and Hou, Enqing and Huang, Xin and Qiu, Han and Aguilos, Maricar and Lin, Lin and et al.}, year={2021} }
 @article{marquez_aguilos_bacsal_adornado_aguilos_2021, title={Early Growth of 11 Native and Three Alien Tree Species in Northeastern Mindanao, Philippines}, volume={12}, ISSN={1999-4907}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f12070909}, DOI={10.3390/f12070909}, abstractNote={Early growth performances of 11 native tree species were investigated in three different sites in Mindanao, Philippines, to evaluate their adaptability and potential for plantation development. Three alien species were added to assess how native species could potentially compete with these alien species based on survival rate, diameter growth rate (DGR), and height growth rate (HGR). A year after planting, the native species common to all sites that obtained >80% survival rate were Casuarina equisetifolia L. Alstonia macrophylla Wall. ex. G.Don., Alstonia scholaris (L.) R.Br., and Parkia javanica (Lam.) Merr. and were comparable to an alien species Acacia mangium Willd. The species with the lowest survival rate (30%) across all sites was Duabanga moluccana Blume. Native species P. javanica, Eucalyptus deglupta Blume, and A. macrophylla all had a DGR of 34 mm year−1 and were comparable with the alien species Schizolobium parahyba (Vell.) S.F.Blake with 38 mm year−1. However, the HGR of native species E. deglupta (245 cm year−1) and Melia dubia Cav. (230 cm year−1) were higher than an alien species S. parahyba (222 cm year−1). No native species can compete with the DGR (52 mm year−1) and HGR (384 cm year−1) of A. mangium. Rainfall significantly explained 13%–97% of DGR, HGR and survival rate of >70% of the species while air temperature explained about 17%–96% of the variations of similar variables. This early assessment provides a strong basis to better predict the early performances of native species in the Philippines. Through this, appropriate silvicultural intervention can be recommended towards improving the growth and survival of the native seedlings as alternative industrial tree plantation species in the country.}, number={7}, journal={Forests}, publisher={MDPI AG}, author={Marquez, Conrado and Aguilos, Rustum and Bacsal, Renato and Adornado, Henry and Aguilos, Maricar}, year={2021}, month={Jul}, pages={909} }
 @article{aguilos_sun_noormets_domec_mcnulty_gavazzi_prajapati_minick_mitra_king_2021, title={Ecosystem Productivity and Evapotranspiration Are Tightly Coupled in Loblolly Pine (Pinus taeda L.) Plantations along the Coastal Plain of the Southeastern U.S.}, volume={12}, ISSN={1999-4907}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f12081123}, DOI={10.3390/f12081123}, abstractNote={Forest water use efficiency (WUE), the ratio of gross primary productivity (GPP) to evapotranspiration (ET), is an important variable to understand the coupling between water and carbon cycles, and to assess resource use, ecosystem resilience, and commodity production. Here, we determined WUE for managed loblolly pine plantations over the course of a rotation on the coastal plain of North Carolina in the eastern U.S. We found that the forest annual GPP, ET, and WUE increased until age ten, which stabilized thereafter. WUE varied annually (2–44%), being higher at young plantation (YP, 3.12 ± 1.20 g C kg−1 H2O d−1) compared to a mature plantation (MP, 2.92 ± 0.45 g C kg−1 H2O d−1), with no distinct seasonal patterns. Stand age was strongly correlated with ET (R2 = 0.71) and GPP (R2 = 0.64). ET and GPP were tightly coupled (R2 = 0.86). Radiation and air temperature significantly affected GPP and ET (R2 = 0.71 − R2 = 0.82) at a monthly scale, but not WUE. Drought affected WUE (R2 = 0.35) more than ET (R2 = 0.25) or GPP (R2 = 0.07). A drought enhanced GPP in MP (19%) and YP (11%), but reduced ET 7% and 19% in MP and YP, respectively, resulting in a higher WUE (27–32%). Minor seasonal and interannual variation in forest WUE of MP (age > 10) suggested that forest functioning became stable as stands matured. We conclude that carbon and water cycles in loblolly pine plantations are tightly coupled, with different characteristics in different ages and hydrologic regimes. A stable WUE suggests that the pine ecosystem productivity can be readily predicted from ET and vice versa. The tradeoffs between water and carbon cycling should be recognized in forest management to achieve multiple ecosystem services (i.e., water supply and carbon sequestration).}, number={8}, journal={Forests}, publisher={MDPI AG}, author={Aguilos, Maricar and Sun, Ge and Noormets, Asko and Domec, Jean-Christophe and McNulty, Steven and Gavazzi, Michael and Prajapati, Prajaya and Minick, Kevan J. and Mitra, Bhaskar and King, John}, year={2021}, month={Aug}, pages={1123} }
 @article{aguilos_sun_noormets_domec_mcnulty_gavazzi_minick_mitra_prajapati_yang_et al._2021, title={Effects of land-use change and drought on decadal evapotranspiration and water balance of natural and managed forested wetlands along the southeastern US lower coastal plain}, volume={303}, ISSN={["1873-2240"]}, url={https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agrformet.2021.108381}, DOI={10.1016/j.agrformet.2021.108381}, abstractNote={Forested wetlands are important in regulating regional hydrology and climate. However, long-term studies on the hydrologic impacts of converting natural forested wetlands to pine plantations are rare for the southern US. From 2005-2018, we quantified water cycling in two post-harvest and newly-planted loblolly pine (Pinus taeda) plantations (YP2–7, 2–7 yrs old; YP2–8, 2–8 yrs old), a rotation-age loblolly pine plantation (MP, 15–28 yrs old), and a natural bottomland hardwood forest (BHF, > 100 yrs old) along the lower coastal plain of North Carolina. We quantified the differences in inter-annual and seasonal water balance and trends of evapotranspiration (ET) using eddy covariance over 37 site-years and assessed key climatic and biological drivers of ET. We found that the rotation-age plantation (MP) had higher annual ET (933 ± 63 mm) than the younger plantations (776 ± 74 mm for YP2–7 and 638 ± 190 mm for YP2–8), and the BHF (743 ± 172 mm), owing to differences in stand age, canopy cover, and micrometeorology. Chronosequence analysis of the pine sites showed that ET increased with stand age up to 10 years, then gradually stabilized for the remainder of the rotation of 28 – 30 years. YP2–8 was sensitive to water availability, decreasing ET by 30 – 43 % during the extreme 2007 – 2008 drought, but reductions in ET at MP were only 8 – 11 %. Comparing to BHF, ditching with management enhanced drainage at YP2–7 and YP2–8, while drainage was lower at the mature pine site. This study provides insight into land use-hydrology-climate interactions that have important implications for forested wetland management in a time of rapidly changing environmental conditions of the LCP of the southern US.}, journal={AGRICULTURAL AND FOREST METEOROLOGY}, author={Aguilos, Maricar and Sun, Ge and Noormets, Asko and Domec, Jean-Christophe and McNulty, Steve and Gavazzi, Michael and Minick, Kevan and Mitra, Bhaskar and Prajapati, Prajaya and Yang, Yun and et al.}, year={2021}, month={Jun} }
 @article{aguilos_brown_minick_fischer_ile_hardesty_kerrigan_noormets_king_2021, title={Millennial-Scale Carbon Storage in Natural Pine Forests of the North Carolina Lower Coastal Plain: Effects of Artificial Drainage in a Time of Rapid Sea Level Rise}, volume={10}, ISSN={2073-445X}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/land10121294}, DOI={10.3390/land10121294}, abstractNote={Coastal forested wetlands provide important ecosystem services along the southeastern region of the United States, but are threatened by anthropogenic and natural disturbances. Here, we examined the species composition, mortality, aboveground biomass, and carbon content of vegetation and soils in natural pine forests of the lower coastal plain in eastern North Carolina, USA. We compared a forest clearly in decline (termed “ghost forest”) adjacent to a roadside canal that had been installed as drainage for a road next to an adjacent forest subject to “natural” hydrology, unaltered by human modification (termed “healthy forest”). We also assessed how soil organic carbon (SOC) accumulation changed over time using 14C radiocarbon dating of wood sampled at different depths within the peat profile. Our results showed that the ghost forest had a higher tree density at 687 trees ha−1, and was dominated by swamp bays (Persea palustric), compared to the healthy forest, which had 265 trees ha−1 dominated by pond pine (Pinus serotina Michx). Overstory tree mortality of the ghost forest was nearly ten times greater than the healthy forest (p < 0.05), which actually contributed to higher total aboveground biomass (55.9 ± 12.6 Mg C ha−1 vs. 27.9 ± 8.7 Mg ha−1 in healthy forest), as the dead standing tree biomass (snags) added to that of an encroaching woody shrub layer during ecosystem transition. Therefore, the total aboveground C content of the ghost forest, 33.98 ± 14.8 Mg C ha−1, was higher than the healthy forest, 24.7 ± 5.2 Mg C ha−1 (p < 0.05). The total SOC stock down to a 2.3 m depth in the ghost forest was 824.1 ± 46.2 Mg C ha−1, while that of the healthy forest was 749.0 ± 170.5 Mg C ha−1 (p > 0.05). Carbon dating of organic sediments indicated that, as the sample age approaches modern times (surface layer year 2015), the organic soil accumulation rate (1.11 to 1.13 mm year−1) is unable to keep pace with the estimated rate of recent sea level rise (2.1 to 2.4 mm year−1), suggesting a causative relationship with the ecosystem transition occurring at the site. Increasing hydrologic stress over recent decades appears to have been a major driver of ecosystem transition, that is, ghost forest formation and woody shrub encroachment, as indicated by the far higher overstory tree mortality adjacent to the drainage ditch, which allows the inland propagation of hydrologic/salinity forcing due to SLR and extreme storms. Our study documents C accumulation in a coastal wetland over the past two millennia, which is now threatened due to the recent increase in the rate of SLR exceeding the natural peat accumulation rate, causing an ecosystem transition with unknown consequences for the stored C; however, much of it will eventually be returned to the atmosphere. More studies are needed to determine the causes and consequences of coastal ecosystem transition to inform the modeling of future coastal wetland responses to environmental change and the estimation of regional terrestrial C stocks and flux.}, number={12}, journal={Land}, publisher={MDPI AG}, author={Aguilos, Maricar and Brown, Charlton and Minick, Kevan and Fischer, Milan and Ile, Omoyemeh J. and Hardesty, Deanna and Kerrigan, Maccoy and Noormets, Asko and King, John}, year={2021}, month={Nov}, pages={1294} }
 @article{ile_aguilos_morkoc_minick_domec_king_2021, title={Productivity of low-input short-rotation coppice American sycamore ( Platanus occidentalis L.) grown at different planting densities as a bioenergy feedstock over two rotation cycles}, volume={146}, ISSN={["1873-2909"]}, url={https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biombioe.2021.105983}, DOI={10.1016/j.biombioe.2021.105983}, abstractNote={Short rotation coppice culture of woody crop species (SRWCs) has long been considered a sustainable method of producing biomass for bioenergy that does not compete with current food production practices. In this study, we grew American sycamore (Platanus occidentalis L.) for nine years corresponding to two rotation cycles (first rotation (FR) = 2010–2014, second rotation (SR) = 2015–2019). This was done at varying tree planting densities (1250, 2500, 5000, and 10,000 trees per hectare (tph)) on a degraded agricultural landscape under low-input (e.g. no fertilizer and low herbicide application) culture, in the Piedmont physiographic region of eastern North Carolina. Tree productivity was proportional to planting density, with the highest cumulative aboveground wood biomass in the 10,000 tph treatment, at 23.2 ± 0.9 Mg ha−1 and 39.1 ± 2.4 Mg ha−1 in the first and second rotations, respectively. These results demonstrate increasing productivity under a low-input SRWC management regime over the first two rotations. Biomass partitioning was strongly affected by planting density during FR, allocating less biomass to stems relative to other plant parts at low planting density (44–59% from 1250 to 10,000 tph, respectively). This effect disappeared during SR, however, with biomass partitioning to stems ranging from 74 to 79% across planting densities. Taken together, our results suggest that American sycamore has the potential to be effectively managed as a bioenergy feedstock with low input culture on marginal agriculture lands.}, journal={BIOMASS & BIOENERGY}, author={Ile, Omoyemeh J. and Aguilos, Maricar and Morkoc, Suna and Minick, Kevan and Domec, Jean-Christophe and King, John S.}, year={2021}, month={Mar} }
 @inproceedings{huang_wells_huang_liao_cereghini_zhao_aguilos_gao_allen_tao_et al._2021, title={Reframing data assimilation from cyberinfrastructure viewpoint: Experiences and lessons learned from analysis with the MIDA module}, booktitle={American Geophysical Union (AGU) Fall Meeting 2021}, author={Huang, Xin and Wells, Jon and Huang, Wenjuan and Liao, Cuijuan and Cereghini, Nico and Zhao, Ruiying and Aguilos, Maricar M. and Gao, Yuan and Allen, Keanan and Tao, Feng and et al.}, year={2021} }
 @article{ile_aguilos_morkoc_heitman_king_2021, title={Root Biomass Distribution and Soil Physical Properties of Short-Rotation Coppice American Sycamore (Platanus occidentalis L.) Grown at Different Planting Densities}, volume={12}, ISSN={1999-4907}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f12121806}, DOI={10.3390/f12121806}, abstractNote={Short rotation woody crops (SRWCs) provide sustainable, renewable biomass energy and offer potential ecosystem services, including increased carbon storage, reduced greenhouse gas emissions, and improved soil health. Establishing SRWCs on degraded lands has potential to enhance soil properties through root and organic matter turnover. A better understanding of SRWC planting density and its associated root turnover impacts on soil–air–water relations can improve management. In this study, we investigate the effects of planting density for a low-input American sycamore SRWC (no fertilization/irrigation) on soil physical properties for a degraded agricultural site in the North Carolina piedmont. The objectives were (1) to estimate the distributions of coarse and fine root biomass in three planting densities (10,000, 5000, and 2500 trees per hectare (tph)) and (2) to assess the effects of planting density on soil hydraulic properties and pore size distribution. Our results show that planting at 10,000 tph produced significantly higher amounts of fine root biomass than at lower planting densities (p < 0.01). In the 25,000 tph plots, there was significantly higher amounts of coarse root biomass than for higher planting densities (p < 0.05). The 10,000 tph plots had lower plant available water capacity but larger drainable porosity and saturated hydraulic conductivity compared with lower planting densities (<0.05). The 10,000 tph plots total porosity was more dominated by larger pore size fractions compared with the 5000 and 2500 tph. Generally, our findings show similar patterns of soil hydraulic properties and pore size distributions for lower planting densities. The results from 10,000 tph indicate a higher air-filled pore space at field capacity and more rapid drainage compared with lower planting densities. Both characteristics observed in the 10,000 tph are favorable for aeration and oxygen uptake, which are especially important at wet sites. Overall, the results suggest that improved soil health can be achieved from the establishment of American sycamore SRCs on marginal lands, thereby providing a green pathway to achieving environmental sustainability with woody renewable energy.}, number={12}, journal={Forests}, publisher={MDPI AG}, author={Ile, Omoyemeh Jennifer and Aguilos, Maricar and Morkoc, Suna and Heitman, Joshua and King, John S.}, year={2021}, month={Dec}, pages={1806} }
 @inproceedings{wells_aguilos_huang_gao_hou_huang_liao_lin_zhao_qiu_et al._2021, title={Separating the effects of stand age and interannual variability on net ecosystem carbon exchange: Data-Model Fusion in Loblolly Pine}, booktitle={American Geophysical Union (AGU) Fall Meeting 2021}, author={Wells, Jon and Aguilos, Maricar and Huang, Xin and Gao, Yuan and Hou, Enqing and Huang, Wenjuan and Liao, Cuijuan and Lin, Lin and Zhao, Ruiying and Qiu, Han and et al.}, year={2021} }
 @article{aguilos_2021, title={Water and carbon cycles are tightly coupled in loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) plantations along the coastal plains of southeastern U.S.}, url={https://doi.org/10.1002/essoar.10508951.1}, DOI={10.1002/essoar.10508951.1}, abstractNote={Earth and Space Science Open Archive PosterOpen AccessYou are viewing the latest version by default [v1]Water and carbon cycles are tightly coupled in loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) plantations along the coastal plains of southeastern U.S.AuthorsMaricarAguilosiDSee all authors Maricar AguilosiDCorresponding Author• Submitting AuthorNorth Carolina State UniversityiDhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-1949-3736view email addressThe email was not providedcopy email address}, author={Aguilos, Maricar}, year={2021}, month={Nov} }
 @article{minick_mitra_li_fischer_aguilos_prajapati_noormets_king_2021, title={Wetland microtopography alters response of potential net CO2 and CH4 production to temperature and moisture: Evidence from a laboratory experiment}, volume={402}, ISSN={["1872-6259"]}, url={https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoderma.2021.115367}, DOI={10.1016/j.geoderma.2021.115367}, abstractNote={Coastal wetlands store significant amounts of carbon (C) belowground, which may be altered through effects of rising temperature and changing hydrology on CO2 and CH4 fluxes and related microbial activities. Wetland microtopography (hummock-hollow) also plays a critical role in mediating plant growth, microbial activity, and thus cycling of C and nutrients and may interact with rising seas to influence coastal wetland C dynamics. Recent evidence suggests that CH4 production in oxygenated surface soils of freshwater wetlands may contribute substantially to global CH4 production, but comprehensive studies linking potential CH4 production to environmental and microbial variables in temperate freshwater forested wetlands are lacking. This study investigated effects of temperature, moisture, and microtopography on potential net CO2 and CH4 production and extracellular enzyme activity (β-glucosidase, xylosidase, phenol oxidase, and peroxidase) in peat soils collected from a freshwater forested wetland in coastal North Carolina, USA. Soils were retrieved from three microsites (hummock, hollow, and subsurface peat soils (approximately 20–40 cm below surface)) and incubated at two temperatures (27 °C and 32 °C) and soil water contents (65% and 100% water holding capacity (WHC)). Hummocks had the highest cumulative potential net CO2 (13.7 ± 0.90 mg CO2-C g soil−1) and CH4 (1.8 ± 0.42 mg CH4-C g soil−1) production and enzyme activity, followed by hollows (8.7 ± 0.91 mg CO2-C g soil−1 and 0.5 ± 0.12 mg CH4-C g soil−1) and then subsurface soils (5.7 ± 0.70 mg CO2-C g soil−1 and 0.04 ± 0.019 mg CH4-C g soil−1). Fully saturated soils had lower potential net CO2 production (50–80%) and substantially higher potential net CH4 production compared to non-saturated soils (those incubated at 65% WHC). Soils incubated at 32 °C increased potential net CO2 (24–34%) and CH4 (56–404%) production under both soil moisture levels compared to those incubated at 27 °C. The Q10 values for potential net CO2 and CH4 production ranged from 1.5 to 2.3 and 3.3–8.8, respectively, and did not differ between any microsites or soil water content. Enrichment of δ13CO2-C was found in saturated soils from all microsites (−24.4 to − 29.7 ‰) compared to non-saturated soils (−31.1 to − 32.4 ‰), while δ13CH4-C ranged from −62 to −55‰ in saturated soils. Together, the CO2 and CH4 δ13C data suggest that acetoclastic methanogenesis is an important pathway for CH4 production in these wetlands. A positive relationship (Adj. R2 = 0.40) between peroxidase activity and CH4 production was also found, indicating that peroxidase activity may be important in providing fermented C substrates to acetoclastic methanogenic communities and contribute to anaerobic C mineralization. These results suggest that changes in temperature and hydrology could stimulate CO2 and CH4 emissions from surface hummock soils, and to a lesser extent from hollow soils, and provide preliminary evidence that hummocks may be a spatially important and unrecognized hotspot for CH4 production.}, journal={GEODERMA}, author={Minick, Kevan J. and Mitra, Bhaskar and Li, Xuefeng and Fischer, Milan and Aguilos, Maricar and Prajapati, Prajaya and Noormets, Asko and King, John S.}, year={2021}, month={Nov} }
 @article{aguilos_marquez_adornado_aguilos_2020, title={Domesticating Commercially Important Native Tree Species in the Philippines: Early Growth Performance Level}, volume={11}, ISSN={1999-4907}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f11080885}, DOI={10.3390/f11080885}, abstractNote={Selection of native tree species for commercial purposes is a continuing challenge and an opportunity in tropical silviculture. Because of this, we explored domesticating 33 native species in the Philippines that were tested for survival rate, total height, and diameter-at-ground-level (dgl) increments. The first five years (2014–2018) of assessment showed that 13 species (40%) of the 33 native species reached a survival rate of more than 80%. Grouped as ‘slow’-, ‘medium’- and ‘fast’-growing field trial species, a 709 cm average total height at five years was attained by the fast-growing cluster where Bagalunga (Melia dubia L.) and Kupang (Parkia javanica (D.C.) Merr.) were among the fastest-growing species. Slow-growing trees like Tindalo (Afzelia rhomboidei (Blanco)) and Kamagong (Diospyros blancoi (Willd)) were among the slowest-growing with an average height of 193.8 cm. Dipterocarps like Yakal (Shorea stylosa (Foxw.)), Tanguile (Shorea polysperma (Blanco)) and Mayapis (Shorea squamata (Blanco) Merr.) had the lowest diameter at ground level (dgl) increments (average 25.9 mm) while diametric expansion of fast-growing species spanned up to 93.5 mm. Overall, height and dgl increments were almost five times the original measurement five years after planting. A sudden surge in the rate of change in total height (83%) and dgl (72%) occurred a year after planting, yet a sudden decline occurred in the fifth year with only 21% for height and 23% for diameter growth suggesting the first 3–4 years as the crucial stage in seedling development. Survival rate is better correlated with the changes in dgl increment (R2 = 0.19, p < 0.05) than the height growth (R2 = 0.12, p < 0.05). Increasing rainfall and optimum air temperature significantly correlated with height and diameter growth while any increase in recorded wind speed slightly reduced the growth of the species. Our findings are initial steps towards developing appropriate silvicultural and management interventions when planning for the massive plantation development of domesticated Philippine native trees in the future.}, number={8}, journal={Forests}, publisher={MDPI AG}, author={Aguilos, Rustum and Marquez, Conrado and Adornado, Henry and Aguilos, Maricar}, year={2020}, month={Aug}, pages={885} }
 @article{aguilos_mitra_noormets_minick_prajapati_gavazzi_sun_mcnulty_li_domec_et al._2020, title={Long-term carbon flux and balance in managed and natural coastal forested wetlands of the Southeastern USA}, volume={288}, ISSN={["1873-2240"]}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-85085132484&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, DOI={10.1016/j.agrformet.2020.108022}, abstractNote={Wetlands store large carbon (C) stocks and play important roles in biogeochemical C cycling. However, the effects of environmental and anthropogenic pressures on C dynamics in lower coastal plain forested wetlands in the southern U.S. are not well understood. We established four eddy flux stations in two post-harvest and newly-planted loblolly pine plantations (YP2–6, 2–6 yrs old; YP2–8, 2–8 yrs old), a rotation-aged loblolly pine plantations (MP, 15–27 yrs old), and a mixed bottomland hardwood forest (BHF, >100 yrs old) in the lower coastal plain of North Carolina, USA. We analyzed the gross primary productivity (GPP), ecosystem respiration (RE) and net ecosystem exchange (NEE) for age-related trends, interannual variability in response to climate forcing, and management-related disturbances from 2005 – 2017. For the first few years after being harvested, pine plantations were net C sources (NEE = 1133 and 897 g C m–2 yr–1 in YP2–6 and YP2–8, respectively). The MP was a strong C sink (–369 to –1131 g C m–2 yr–1) over the entire study period. In contrast, BHF was a C source (NEE = 87 g C m–2 yr–1 to 759 g C m–2 yr–1) in most years, although in the first year it did show a net C uptake (NEE = –368 g C m–2 yr–1). The source activity of BHF may have been related to increasing overstory tree mortality and diameter growth suppression. Decreases in relative extractable water in pine plantations enhanced GPP and RE. Pine plantations regained status as C sinks 5–8 years after harvest and recovered C equivalent to post-harvest losses at 8–14 years. Thus, coastal pine plantations have a net C uptake for only about half the 25-year rotation period, suggesting that they have decreased climate mitigation potential in comparison to protecting primary forests. However, primary forests in this area may be vulnerable to ecosystem transition, and subsequent C loss, due to the changing environmental conditions at the land-ocean interface.}, journal={AGRICULTURAL AND FOREST METEOROLOGY}, publisher={Elsevier BV}, author={Aguilos, Maricar and Mitra, Bhaskar and Noormets, Asko and Minick, Kevan and Prajapati, Prajaya and Gavazzi, Michael and Sun, Ge and McNulty, Steve and Li, Xuefeng and Domec, Jean-Christophe and et al.}, year={2020}, month={Jul} }
 @inproceedings{aguilos_noormets_minick_prajapati_mitra_gavazzi_sun_mcnulty_king_2019, title={Carbon fluxes and balance in managed and natural forested wetlands along the coastal plain of North Carolina}, booktitle={American Geophysical Union (AGU) Fall Meeting}, author={Aguilos, M.M. and Noormets, A. and Minick, K. and Prajapati, P. and Mitra, B. and Gavazzi, M. and Sun, G. and McNulty, Steven and King, John S.}, year={2019} }
 @inproceedings{aguilos_mitra_noormets_minick_prajapati_gavazzi_sun_mcmulty_king_2019, title={Impact of harvesting on carbon fluxes and balance in managed vs. natural forests along the coastal plain of North Carolina}, url={https://drive.google.com/file/d/1Mf4DYdxTVbVuILHVtMCHqbya0xdLypuA/view}, booktitle={Postdoctoral Research Symposium}, author={Aguilos, M. and Mitra, B. and Noormets, A. and Minick, K. and Prajapati, P. and Gavazzi, M. and Sun, G. and McMulty, S. and King, J.}, year={2019} }
 @article{aguilos_stahl_burban_hérault_courtois_coste_wagner_ziegler_takagi_bonal_2019, title={Interannual and Seasonal Variations in Ecosystem Transpiration and Water Use Efficiency in a Tropical Rainforest}, volume={10}, ISSN={1999-4907}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f10010014}, DOI={10.3390/f10010014}, abstractNote={Warmer and drier climates over Amazonia have been predicted for the next century with expected changes in regional water and carbon cycles. We examined the impact of interannual and seasonal variations in climate conditions on ecosystem-level evapotranspiration (ET) and water use efficiency (WUE) to determine key climatic drivers and anticipate the response of these ecosystems to climate change. We used daily climate and eddyflux data recorded at the Guyaflux site in French Guiana from 2004 to 2014. ET and WUE exhibited weak interannual variability. The main climatic driver of ET and WUE was global radiation (Rg), but relative extractable water (REW) and soil temperature (Ts) did also contribute. At the seasonal scale, ET and WUE showed a modal pattern driven by Rg, with maximum values for ET in July and August and for WUE at the beginning of the year. By removing radiation effects during water depleted periods, we showed that soil water stress strongly reduced ET. In contrast, drought conditions enhanced radiation-normalized WUE in almost all the years, suggesting that the lack of soil water had a more severe effect on ecosystem evapotranspiration than on photosynthesis. Our results are of major concern for tropical ecosystem modeling because they suggest that under future climate conditions, tropical forest ecosystems will be able to simultaneously adjust CO2 and H2O fluxes. Yet, for tropical forests under future conditions, the direction of change in WUE at the ecosystem scale is hard to predict, since the impact of radiation on WUE is counterbalanced by adjustments to soil water limitations. Developing mechanistic models that fully integrate the processes associated with CO2 and H2O flux control should help researchers understand and simulate future functional adjustments in these ecosystems.}, number={1}, journal={Forests}, publisher={MDPI AG}, author={Aguilos, Maricar and Stahl, Clément and Burban, Benoit and Hérault, Bruno and Courtois, Elodie and Coste, Sabrina and Wagner, Fabien and Ziegler, Camille and Takagi, Kentaro and Bonal, Damien}, year={2019}, pages={14} }
 @inproceedings{minick_mitra_aguilos_li_miao_gavazzi_domec_mcnulty_sun_noormet_et al._2019, title={Methane Fluxes and Drivers in a Coastal Freshwater Forested Wetland: From the Soil to the Canopy}, booktitle={American Geophysical Union (AGU) Fall Meeting}, publisher={Moscone Convention Center}, author={Minick, Kevan and Mitra, Bhaskar and Aguilos, Maricar M. and Li, Xuefeng and Miao, Guofang and Gavazzi, Michael and Domec, Jean-Christophe and McNulty, Steven and Sun, Ge and Noormet, Asko and et al.}, year={2019} }
 @inproceedings{aguilos_stahl_burban_herault_courtois_wagner_takagi_damien_2018, title={Does seasonal drought influence ecosystem transpiration and water use efficiency in a tropilca rainforest?}, url={https://ams.confex.com/ams/33AF12F4BG/meetingapp.cgi/Paper/343738}, booktitle={33rd Conference on Agricultural and Forest Meteorology}, author={Aguilos, M. and Stahl, C. and Burban, B. and Herault, B. and Courtois, E. and Wagner, F. and Takagi, K. and Damien, B.}, year={2018} }
 @inproceedings{bonal_aguilos_burban_herault_verbeeck_de deurwaerder_ziegler_coste_stahl_2018, title={Water Uptake patterns in a tropical rainforest ecosystem and consequences on intra-and-inter-annual variations in C flux and balance}, url={https://eco.confex.com/eco/2018/meetingapp.cgi/Paper/70811}, booktitle={Ecological Society of America Annual Meeting}, author={Bonal, Damien and Aguilos, Maricar and Burban, Benoit and Herault, Bruno and Verbeeck, Hans and De Deurwaerder, Hannes and Ziegler, Camille and Coste, Sabrina and Stahl, Clement}, year={2018} }
 @article{aguilos_hérault_burban_wagner_bonal_2018, title={What drives long-term variations in carbon flux and balance in a tropical rainforest in French Guiana?}, volume={253-254}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-85042217357&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, DOI={10.1016/j.agrformet.2018.02.009}, abstractNote={A thorough understanding of how tropical forests respond to climate is important to improve ecosystem process models and to reduce uncertainties in current and future global carbon balance calculations. The Amazon rainforest, a major contributor to the global carbon cycle, is subject to strong intra- and interannual variations in climate conditions. Understanding their effect on carbon fluxes between the ecosystem and the atmosphere and on the resulting carbon balance is still incomplete. We examined the long-term (over a 12-year period; 2004–2015) variations in gross primary productivity (GPP), ecosystem respiration (RE) and net ecosystem exchange (NEE) in a tropical rainforest in French Guiana and identified key climatic drivers influencing the changes. The study period was characterized by strong differences in climatic conditions among years, particularly differences in the intensity of the dry and wet seasons, as well as differences in annual carbon fluxes and balance. Annual average GPP varied from 3384.9 g C m−2 yr‒1 (95% CI [3320.7, 3445.9]) to 4061.2 g C m−2 yr‒1 (95% CI [3980.1, 4145.0]). RE varied even more than GPP, with a difference of 933.1 C m−2 yr‒1 between the minimum (3020.6 g C m−2 yr‒1; 95% CI [2889.4, 3051.3]) and maximum (3953.7 g C m−2 yr‒1; 95% CI [3887.6, 4019.6]) values. Although NEE showed large interannual variability (nine-fold), from ‒65.6 g C m−2 yr‒1 (95% CI [‒4.4, ‒126.0]) to ‒590.5 g C m−2 yr‒1 (95% CI [‒532.3, ‒651.6]), the forest remained a carbon sink over the 12-year period. A combination of global radiation (Rg), relative extractable water (REW) and soil temperature (Ts) explained 51% of the daily variations for GPP, 30% for RE and 39% for NEE. Global radiation was always the best predictor of these variations, but soil water content and temperature did also influence carbon fluxes and balance. Seasonally, Rg was the major controlling factor for GPP, RE and NEE during the wet season. During the dry season, variations in carbon fluxes and balance were poorly explained by climate factors. Yet, REW was the key driver of variations in NEE during the dry season. This study highlights that, over the long-term, carbon fluxes and balance in such tropical rainforest ecosystems are largely controlled by both radiation and water limitation. Even though variations in Rg have a greater impact on these fluxes, water limitation during seasonal droughts is enough to reduce ecosystem productivity, respiration and carbon uptake. The reduced precipitation expected in tropical rainforest areas under future climatic conditions will therefore strongly influence carbon fluxes and carbon uptake. This study also highlights the importance for land surface or dynamic global vegetation models to consider the main drivers of carbon fluxes and balance separately for dry and wet seasons.}, journal={Agricultural and Forest Meteorology}, author={Aguilos, M. and Hérault, B. and Burban, B. and Wagner, F. and Bonal, D.}, year={2018}, pages={114–123} }
 @inproceedings{aguilos_herault_burban_wagner_damien_2017, title={Solar radiation drives the interannual variations in C fluxes and balance in French Guiana’s tropical rainforest}, url={https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2017EGUGA..19.1840A/abstract}, booktitle={EGU Meeting}, author={Aguilos, M. and Herault, B. and Burban, B. and Wagner, F. and Damien, B.}, year={2017} }
 @inproceedings{courtois_burban_aguilos_stahl_berveiller_chave_bonal_2016, title={French Tropical Forest fluxes: comparison of two eddy flux towers in French Guiana}, booktitle={Assemblée Scientifique et Technique ICOS France}, author={Courtois, Elodie and Burban, Benoit and Aguilos, Maricar and Stahl, Clement and Berveiller, Daniel and Chave, Jérome and Bonal, Danien}, year={2016} }
 @inproceedings{aguilos_burban_bonal_2016, title={What drives the interannual variations in C fluxes and balance in a tropical rainforest of French Guiana?}, booktitle={5th International Climate Change Adaptation Congress}, author={Aguilos, M. and Burban, B. and Bonal, D.}, year={2016} }
 @inproceedings{aguilos_burban_herault_cazal_goret_bonal_2016, title={What drives the interannual variations in carbon fluxes and balance in a tropical rainforest of French Guiana?}, booktitle={American Geophysical Union (AGU) Fall Meeting}, author={Aguilos, M. and Burban, B. and Herault, B. and Cazal, J. and Goret, J.I. and Bonal, D.}, year={2016} }
 @inproceedings{aguilos_burban_herault_cazal_goret_bonal_2015, title={The effect of drought on carbon storage capacity in a tropical rainforest of French Guiana}, url={https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2015AGUFM.B33C0671A/abstract}, booktitle={American Geophysical Union (AGU) Fall Meeting}, author={Aguilos, M. and Burban, B. and Herault, B. and Cazal, J. and Goret, J.I. and Bonal, D.}, year={2015} }
 @article{aguilos_takagi_liang_ueyama_fukuzawa_nomura_kishida_fukazawa_takahashi_kotsuka_et al._2014, title={Dynamics of ecosystem carbon balance recovering from a clear-cutting in a cool-temperate forest}, volume={197}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-84903594244&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, DOI={10.1016/j.agrformet.2014.06.002}, abstractNote={A mixed forest in northern Japan, which had been a weak carbon sink (net ecosystem CO2 exchange [NEE] = −0.44 ± 0.5 Mg C ha−1 yr−1), was disturbed by clear-cutting in 2003 and was replaced with a hybrid larch (Larix gmelinii × L. kaempferi) plantation in the same year. To evaluate the impact of the clear-cutting on the ecosystem's carbon budget, we used 10.5 years (2001–2011) of eddy covariance measurements of CO2 fluxes and the biomass observation for each ecosystem component. BIOME-BGC model was applied to simulate the changes in the carbon fluxes and stocks caused by the clear-cutting. After clear-cutting in 2003, the ecosystem abruptly became a large carbon source. The total CO2 emission during the first 3 years after the disturbance (2003–2005) was 12.2 ± (0.9–1.5; possible min–max range of the error) Mg C ha−1, yet gradually decreased to 2.5 ± (1–2) Mg C ha−1 during the next 4 years. By 2010, the ecosystem had regained its status as a carbon sink (NEE = −0.49 ± 0.5 Mg C ha−1 yr−1). Total gross primary production, ecosystem respiration, and NEE during the 7 years after the clear-cutting (2003–2009) were 64.5 ± (2.6–7), 79.2 ± (2.6–7), and 14.7 ± (1.3–3.5) Mg C ha−1, respectively. From 2003 to 2009, the understory Sasa biomass increased by 16.3 ± 4.8 Mg C ha−1, whereas the newly planted larch only gained 1.00 ± 0.02 Mg C ha−1. The BIOME-BGC simulated observed carbon fluxes and stocks, although further modification on the parameter set may be needed according with the tree growth and corresponding suppression of Sasa growth. Ecosystem carbon budget evaluation and the model simulation suggested that the litter including harvest residues became a large carbon emitter (∼31.9 Mg C ha−1) during the same period. Based on the cumulative NEE during the period when the forest was a net carbon source, we estimate that the ecosystem will require another 8–34 years to fully recover all of the CO2 that was emitted after the clear-cutting, if off-site carbon storage in forest products is not considered.}, journal={Agricultural and Forest Meteorology}, author={Aguilos, M. and Takagi, K. and Liang, N. and Ueyama, M. and Fukuzawa, K. and Nomura, M. and Kishida, O. and Fukazawa, T. and Takahashi, H. and Kotsuka, C. and et al.}, year={2014}, pages={26–39} }
 @article{aguilos_takagi_liang_watanabe_teramoto_goto_takahashi_mukai_sasa_2013, title={Sustained large stimulation of soil heterotrophic respiration rate and
                        its temperature sensitivity by soil warming in a cool-temperate forested
                        peatland}, volume={65}, ISSN={1600-0889 0280-6509}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.3402/tellusb.v65i0.20792}, DOI={10.3402/tellusb.v65i0.20792}, abstractNote={We conducted a soil warming experiment in a cool-temperate forested peatland in northern Japan during the snow-free seasons of 2007–2011, to determine whether the soil warming would change the heterotrophic respiration rate and its temperature sensitivity. We elevated the soil temperature by 3°C at 5-cm depth by using overhead infrared heaters and continuously measured hourly soil CO2 fluxes with a 15-channel automated chamber system. The 15 chambers were divided into three groups each with five replications for the control, unwarmed-trenched and warmed-trenched treatments. Soil warming enhanced heterotrophic respiration by 82% (mean of four seasons (2008–2011) observation±SD, 6.84±2.22 µmol C m−2 s−1) as compared to the unwarmed-trenched treatment (3.76±0.98 µmol C m−2 s−1). The sustained enhancement of heterotrophic respiration with soil warming suggests that global warming will accelerate the loss of carbon substantially more from forested peatlands than from other upland forest soils. Soil warming likewise enhanced temperature sensitivity slightly (Q 10, 3.1±0.08 and 3.3±0.06 in the four-season average in unwarmed- and warmed-trenched treatments, respectively), and significant effect was observed in 2009 (p<0.001) and 2010 (p<0.01). However, there was no significant difference in the basal respiration rate at 10°C (R 10, 2.2±0.52 and 2.8±1.2 µmol C m−2 s−1) between treatments, although the values tended to be high by warming throughout the study period. These results suggest that global warming will enhance not only the heterotrophic respiration rate itself but also its Q 10 in forests with high substrate availability and without severe water stress, and predictions for such ecosystems obtained by using models assuming no change in Q 10 are likely to underestimate the carbon release from the soil to the atmosphere in a future warmer environment.}, number={1}, journal={Tellus B: Chemical and Physical Meteorology}, publisher={Stockholm University Press}, author={Aguilos, Maricar and Takagi, Kentaro and Liang, Naishen and Watanabe, Yoko and Teramoto, Munemasa and Goto, Seijiro and Takahashi, Yoshiyuki and Mukai, Hitoshi and Sasa, Kaichiro}, year={2013}, month={Jan}, pages={20792} }
 @article{okada_okada_urano_nishida_takagi_aguilos_kobayash_2012, title={CO<inf>2</inf> flux estimation for a valley terrain using the atmospheric boundary layer method}, volume={68}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-85024727490&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, DOI={10.2480/agrmet.68.3.1}, abstractNote={For this study, we conducted nighttime upper-air observations in a complex valley terrain to test the applicability of the atmospheric boundary layer ( ABL ) method for CO 2 flux estimation, comparing the obtained flux with that observed using the eddy covariance technique. Three different definitions for the determination of the nocturnal boundary layer height did not strongly affect the calculation of CO 2 flux using the ABL method, which implies that the change in CO 2 concentration near the surface strongly affects flux evaluations using the ABL method. The CO 2 flux calculated using the ABL method was generally 2-5 times greater than the eddy CO 2 flux at ＜ 0.5 m s - 1 in the nighttime average horizontal wind velocity, which indicates that the advection from a 2-5 times broader surrounding area caused CO 2 accumulation near the surface of the valley bottom, if a slight site-to-site variation in ecosystem respiration within the source area is assumed for the ABL observation. To incorporate advection terms, the equation for the ABL method was modified using the advection factor ( AF ) , where AF was expressed as a linear function of the nighttime average horizontal wind velocity. The modified CO 2 flux agreed well with the eddy CO 2 flux, but the function of the AF itself is likely to have site-to-site variation. It must be normalized in future studies by consideration of other environmental factors, such as temperature and topographical features.}, number={3}, journal={Journal of Agricultural Meteorology}, author={Okada, K. and Okada, N. and Urano, S. and Nishida, Y. and Takagi, K. and Aguilos, M. and Kobayash, T.}, year={2012}, pages={165–174} }
 @article{aguilos_takagi_takahashi_hasegawa_ashiya_kotsuka_naniwa_sakai_ito_miyoshi_et al._2012, title={Enhanced annual litterfall production due to spring solar radiation in cool-temperate mixed forests of Northern Hokkaido, Japan}, volume={68}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-85024726284&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, DOI={10.2480/agrmet.68.4.2}, abstractNote={We determined the interannual variation of annual litterfall rate in cool-temperate forests [three mixed-forests (Mx1-Mx3), an evergreen coniferous forest (Ec), and a deciduous conifer plantation (Dc)] of northern Hokkaido over a 16-year observation period (1996-2011) and evaluated the effect of meteorological and phenological variables on the annual litterfall production. Total solar radiation during spring (from March to May) positively correlated with the annual litterfall rate in the current year at three mixed forests with statistical significance. A warm spring advanced the day of snow melt and the day of leaf expansion, however, the early leaf expansion did not enhance the annual litter production at any of the studied forests. In conclusion, spring solar radiation was the best explanatory factor among the studied factors that determines the interannual variation of the annual litterfall rate at cool-temperate mixed forests, although the mechanisms behind this relationship remain unknown. The early snowmelt and leaf expansion caused by a warm spring did not directly link to the enhancement of the litterfall rate. This implies that global warming or changing rainfall patterns do not necessarily affect the annual litterfall amount in these forests, at least within the range observed during the}, number={4}, journal={Journal of Agricultural Meteorology}, author={Aguilos, M.M. and Takagi, K. and Takahashi, H. and Hasegawa, J. and Ashiya, D. and Kotsuka, C. and Naniwa, A. and Sakai, R. and Ito, K. and Miyoshi, C. and et al.}, year={2012}, pages={215–224} }
 @phdthesis{aguilos_2012, place={Sapporo, Japan}, title={Long-term evaluation on the effect of anthropogenic disturbances to the carbon budget of forests in northern Hokkaido, Japan}, url={https://www.researchgate.net/publication/335106919_PhD_Thesis_M_Aguilos_2012}, school={Hokkaido University}, author={Aguilos, Maricar M.}, year={2012} }
 @inproceedings{aguilos_takagi_fukuzawa_sasa_saigusa_murayama_fujinuma_2012, title={Northern Japan’s cool-temperate forest reaches its carbon compensation point seven years after clearcutting}, url={http://www.esj.ne.jp/eafes5/index.html}, booktitle={Proceedings: The 5th EAFES Congress}, author={Aguilos, M. and Takagi, K. and Fukuzawa, K. and Sasa, K. and Saigusa, N. and Murayama, T. and Fujinuma, T.}, year={2012} }
 @inproceedings{aguilos_2011, title={A cool-temperate mixed forest in Northern Japan reaches its carbon compensation point 7 years after clearcutting}, booktitle={Proceedings: Asiaflux Workshop 2011}, author={Aguilos, Maricar}, year={2011} }
 @inproceedings{aguilos_2011, title={An ecosystem compensation for logging in a cool-temperate forest}, url={http://www.isam2011.com/}, booktitle={Proceedings: International Symposium on Agricultural Meteorology 2011}, author={Aguilos, Maricar}, year={2011} }
 @article{aguilos_takagi_liang_watanabe_goto_takahashi_mukai_sasa_2011, title={Soil warming in a cool-temperate mixed forest with peat soil enhanced heterotrophic and basal respiration rates but Q10 remained unchanged}, volume={8}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bgd-8-6415-2011}, DOI={10.5194/bgd-8-6415-2011}, abstractNote={Abstract. We conducted soil warming experiment in a cool-temperate forest with peat soil in northern Japan, during the snowless seasons of 2007–2009. Our objective was to determine whether or not the heterotrophic respiration rate and the temperature sensitivity would change by soil warming. We elevated the soil temperature by 3 °C at 5 cm depth by means of overhead infrared heaters and continuously measured soil CO2 fluxes by using a fifteen-channel automated chamber system. Trenching treatment was also carried out to separate heterotrophic respiration and root respiration from the total soil respiration. The fifteen chambers were divided into three groups each with five replications for the control, unwarmed-trenched, and warmed-trenched treatments. We found that heterotrophic respiration contributed 71 % of the total soil respiration with the remaining 29 % accounted to autotrophic respiration. Soil warming enhanced heterotrophic respiration by 74 % (mean 6.11 ± 3.07 S.D. μmol m−2 s–1) as compared to the unwarmed-trenched treatment (mean 3.52 ± 1.74 μmol m−2 s–1). Soil CO2 efflux, however, was weakly correlated with soil moisture, probably because the volumetric soil moisture (33–46 %) was within a plateau region for root and microbial activities. The enhancement in heterotrophic respiration with soil warming in our study suggests that global warming will accelerate the loss of carbon from forested peatlands more seriously than other upland forest soils. On the other hand, soil warming did not cause significant change in the temperature sensitivity, Q10, (2.79 and 2.74 determined using hourly efflux data for unwarmed- and warmed-trenched, respectively), but increased their basal respiration rate at 0 °C (0.93 and 1.21 μmol m−2 s−1, respectively). Results suggest that if we predict the soil heterotrophic respiration rate in future warmer environment using the current relationship between soil temperature and heterotrophic respiration, the rate can be underestimated.
                        }, journal={Biogeosciences Discuss}, publisher={Copernicus GmbH}, author={Aguilos, M. and Takagi, K. and Liang, N. and Watanabe, Y. and Goto, S. and Takahashi, Y. and Mukai, H. and Sasa, K.}, year={2011}, month={Jul}, pages={6415–6445} }
 @article{soil warming in a cool-temperate mixed forest with peat soil enhanced heterotrophic and basal respiration rates but q10 remained unchanged. biogeosciences discuss_2011, DOI={doi.org/10.5194/bgd-8-6415-2011}, abstractNote={Abstract. We conducted soil warming experiment in a cool-temperate forest with peat soil in northern Japan, during the snowless seasons of 2007–2009. Our objective was to determine whether or not the heterotrophic respiration rate and the temperature sensitivity would change by soil warming. We elevated the soil temperature by 3 °C at 5 cm depth by means of overhead infrared heaters and continuously measured soil CO2 fluxes by using a fifteen-channel automated chamber system. Trenching treatment was also carried out to separate heterotrophic respiration and root respiration from the total soil respiration. The fifteen chambers were divided into three groups each with five replications for the control, unwarmed-trenched, and warmed-trenched treatments. We found that heterotrophic respiration contributed 71 % of the total soil respiration with the remaining 29 % accounted to autotrophic respiration. Soil warming enhanced heterotrophic respiration by 74 % (mean 6.11 ± 3.07 S.D. μmol m−2 s–1) as compared to the unwarmed-trenched treatment (mean 3.52 ± 1.74 μmol m−2 s–1). Soil CO2 efflux, however, was weakly correlated with soil moisture, probably because the volumetric soil moisture (33–46 %) was within a plateau region for root and microbial activities. The enhancement in heterotrophic respiration with soil warming in our study suggests that global warming will accelerate the loss of carbon from forested peatlands more seriously than other upland forest soils. On the other hand, soil warming did not cause significant change in the temperature sensitivity, Q10, (2.79 and 2.74 determined using hourly efflux data for unwarmed- and warmed-trenched, respectively), but increased their basal respiration rate at 0 °C (0.93 and 1.21 μmol m−2 s−1, respectively). Results suggest that if we predict the soil heterotrophic respiration rate in future warmer environment using the current relationship between soil temperature and heterotrophic respiration, the rate can be underestimated.
                        }, journal={Biogeosciences Discuss}, year={2011} }
 @inproceedings{aguilos_takagi_liang_watanabe_goto_takahashi_mukai_sasa_2010, title={Soil warming in a cool-temperate mixed forest enhances soil heterotrophic and basal respiration rates but Q10 remians unchanged}, booktitle={Proceedings: Asiaflux Workshop}, author={Aguilos, M. and Takagi, K. and Liang, N. and Watanabe, Y. and Goto, S. and Takahashi, Y. and Mukai, H. and Sasa, K.}, year={2010} }
 @inproceedings{aguilos_takagi_liang_watanabe_goto_takahashi_mukai_sasa_2010, title={Warming effect on the soil heterotrophic respiration in a cool-temperate forest of Northern Japan}, booktitle={Proceedings: International Symposium on Agricultural Meteorology (ISAM 2010)}, author={Aguilos, M. and Takagi, K. and Liang, N. and Watanabe, Y. and Goto, S. and Takahashi, Y. and Mukai, H. and Sasa, K.}, year={2010} }
 @book{abarquez_tolentino_deia cruz_aguilos_2008, place={Australia}, title={Small-medium business opportunities on seed production, collection and trade for the tree plantation programs in Eastern Mindanao}, institution={CSIRO}, author={Abarquez, A. and Tolentino, E. and Deia Cruz, V. and Aguilos, M.}, year={2008} }
 @article{aguilos_gamo_maeda_2007, title={Carbon budget in tropical and temperate forests}, journal={Asiaflux Newsletter}, author={Aguilos, M. and Gamo, M. and Maeda, T.}, year={2007}, month={Jan} }
 @book{aguilos_gamo_maeda_2006, place={Tsukuba City, Japan}, title={Analyzing carbon fluxes in a severely disturbed forest: A case of Bukit Soeharto, Indonesia}, institution={National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST)}, author={Aguilos, M. and Gamo, M. and Maeda, T.}, year={2006} }
 @inproceedings{aguilos_maeda_lasco_sanchez_2006, title={In pursuit towards establishing a flux monitoring station in the Philippines}, booktitle={Proceedings: Asiaflux Workshop 2006}, author={Aguilos, M.M. and Maeda, T. and Lasco, R.D. and Sanchez, P.S.}, year={2006} }
 @phdthesis{aguilos_2003, place={Los Banos, Laguna, Philippines}, title={Rooting variation in three provenances of Dao (Dracontomelon dao (BLCO.) Merr. And Rolfe)}, school={University of the Philippines}, author={Aguilos, Mariar M.}, year={2003} }
 @book{aguilos_sabijon_aguilos_riparip_2002, place={Los Banos, Laguna, Philippines}, title={Species-site match mapping for industrial tree plantation species development in selected municipalities of Agusan del Sur, Caraga Region}, institution={DENR-ERDS Caraga Region, Ambago, Butuan City and DOST-PCARRD}, author={Aguilos, M. and Sabijon, J. and Aguilos, R. and Riparip, D.}, year={2002} }
 @inproceedings{aguilos_sabijon_aguilos_riparip_2002, title={Species-site match mapping for industrial tree plantation species development in selected municipalities of Agusan del Sur, Caraga Region}, booktitle={Proceedings: National Symposium on Forestation Research and Practices}, author={Aguilos, M. and Sabijon, J. and Aguilos, R. and Riparip, D.}, year={2002} }
 @article{aguilos_2001, place={Butuan City, Philippines}, title={Seed technology manual of industrial tree plantation species in Caraga}, volume={1}, number={1}, journal={Techno-Transfer Series}, publisher={DENR Caraga Region, Ambago}, author={Aguilos, M.}, year={2001} }