@article{seiler_salmon_mantuo_feingold_dayton_gilger_2011, title={Effect and Distribution of Contrast Medium after Injection into the Anterior Suprachoroidal Space in Ex Vivo Eyes}, volume={52}, ISSN={1552-5783}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1167/iovs.11-7525}, DOI={10.1167/iovs.11-7525}, abstractNote={PURPOSE
To determine the effects and posterior distribution of injections made into the anterior suprachoroidal space (SCS).


METHODS
The anterior SCS of adult porcine and canine ex vivo eyes was cannulated. Latex injections and high frequency ultrasound (50 MHz) was used to image the effect and distension of the SCS. Flow characteristics and percentage maximal distribution of microbubble contrast injection into the SCS were assessed by 2D and 3D ultrasound.


RESULTS
Mean (SD) distension of the SCS with PBS increased from 1.57 (0.48) mm after injection of 250 μL to 3.28 (0.57) mm with 1000 μL PBS. Eyes injected at physiologic IOP had no significant difference in SCS distension. In real-time 2D ultrasound, the contrast agent flowed from the injection site to the opposite ventral anterior SCS and the posterior SCS. Contrast arrived at the opposite and posterior SCS 7.8 (4.6) and 7.7 (4.6) seconds after injection, respectively. In sagittal images, contrast was visible in 24.0%to 27.2% of the SCS; in 10 of 12 eyes, contrast reached the posterior pole of the eye. In 3D images, contrast medium occupied 39.0% to 52.1% of the entire SCS.


CONCLUSIONS
These results suggest that the SCS can expand, in a dose-dependent manner, to accommodate various volumes of fluid and that it is possible to image the SCS with ultrasound contrast. The authors' hypothesis that a single anterior SCS injection can reach the ocular posterior segment was supported. Further development of SCS injections for treatment of the ocular posterior segment is warranted.}, number={8}, journal={Investigative Opthalmology & Visual Science}, publisher={Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology (ARVO)}, author={Seiler, Gabriela S. and Salmon, Jacklyn H. and Mantuo, Rebecca and Feingold, Steven and Dayton, Paul A. and Gilger, Brian C.}, year={2011}, month={Jul}, pages={5730} }