@article{forfora_azuaje_vivas_vera_brito_venditti_kelley_tu_woodley_gonzalez_2024, title={Evaluating biomass sustainability: Why below-ground carbon sequestration matters}, volume={439}, ISSN={["1879-1786"]}, url={https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2024.140677}, DOI={10.1016/j.jclepro.2024.140677}, abstractNote={Biomass, as a raw material, has been identified as a crucial component of decarbonization strategies to mitigate climate change. Decisions on which biomass should be targeted for different purposes are dependent on variables such as availability, chemical composition, and sustainability. Consumer perception often positions non-wood sources, such as bamboo, as environmentally preferable feedstocks for fiber-based product production. Yet, this perceived environmental benefit lacks robust scientific substantiation and standardized methodologies. This study addresses this gap by conducting a cradle-to-gate life cycle assessment (LCA) of twelve biomass production systems encompassing tree plantations, dedicated crops, and agricultural residues for energy and bioproducts manufacture. The evaluated feedstocks include southern softwood, wheat straw, rice straw, rice husk, hemp hurd, sugarcane bagasse, switchgrass, biomass sorghum (United States), eucalyptus (Brazil), bamboo (China), and northern softwood (Canada). Incorporating a critical yet often overlooked factor, this LCA integrates the potential soil organic carbon sequestration (SOC) via below-ground biomass for each biomass type. This consideration significantly alters the estimated carbon intensity per ton of feedstock, potentially reshaping sustainability perceptions as certain systems emerge as carbon sinks. From a cradle-to-farm gate perspective, the assessed global warming potential for biomass production spans 12–245 kg CO2eq per oven-dry ton (ODt), factoring only anthropogenic emissions. However, when accounting for SOC sequestration, the range shifts to −170 to 228 kg CO2eq per ODt, highlighting potential the role of biomass to act as carbon sink systems. By illuminating the dynamic influence of SOC sequestration, this study contributes to a more comprehensive understanding of biomass-related carbon emissions, shedding light on pathways to mitigate environmental impact.}, journal={JOURNAL OF CLEANER PRODUCTION}, author={Forfora, Naycari and Azuaje, Ivana and Vivas, Keren A. and Vera, Ramon E. and Brito, Amelys and Venditti, Richard and Kelley, Stephen and Tu, Qingshi and Woodley, Alex and Gonzalez, Ronalds}, year={2024}, month={Feb} }
 @article{brito_suarez_pifano_reisinger_wright_saloni_kelley_gonzalez_venditti_jameel_2023, title={Environmental Life Cycle Assessment of Premium and Ultra Hygiene Tissue Products in the United States}, volume={18}, ISSN={["1930-2126"]}, DOI={10.15376/biores.18.2.4006-4031}, abstractNote={Under the controversial concern of using virgin fibers in hygiene tissue products, mostly Bleached Eucalyptus Kraft (BEK) and Northern Bleached Softwood Kraft (NBSK), consumers are responding by purchasing self-labeled sustainable products. As of today, there are no established sustainability reported results to inform consumers about the carbon footprint of hygiene tissue. To fill this gap, this study used Life Cycle Assessment to evaluate the environmental impacts across the supply chain (cradle to gate) to produce Premium and Ultra grades of bath tissue, including the production of feedstock, pulp production, and tissue production stages, with focus on Global Warming Potential (GWP). The results showed that one air-dried metric ton (ADmt) of BEK pulp had an associated GWP of 388 kgCO2eq, whereas one ADmt of NBSK pulp presented values ranging between 448 and 596 kgCO2eq, depending on the emissions allocation methodology used. It was estimated that the GWP of one finished metric ton of tissue weighted average could range from 1,392 to 3,075 kgCO2eq depending on mill location, electricity source, and machine technology. These results provide an understanding of the factors affecting the environmental impact of hygiene tissue products, which could guide manufacturers and consumers on decisions that impact their carbon footprint.}, number={2}, journal={BIORESOURCES}, author={Brito, Amelys and Suarez, Antonio and Pifano, Alonzo and Reisinger, Lee and Wright, Jeff and Saloni, Daniel and Kelley, Stephen and Gonzalez, Ronalds and Venditti, Richard and Jameel, Hasan}, year={2023}, month={May}, pages={4006–4031} }
 @article{van schoubroeck_chacon_reynolds_lavoine_hakovirta_gonzalez_van passel_venditti_2023, title={Environmental sustainability perception toward obvious recovered waste content in paper-based packaging: An online and in-person survey best-worst scaling experiment}, volume={188}, ISSN={["1879-0658"]}, url={https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resconrec.2022.106682}, DOI={10.1016/j.resconrec.2022.106682}, abstractNote={This study explores consumers’ visual sustainability impressions of paper-based packaging that has incorporated obvious waste content. Two research questions were addressed concerning (i) the environmental sustainability perception of noticeable waste content in packaging and (ii) the impact of the presentation format (i.e., online versus in-person surveys) when studying these perceptions. Best-worst scaling experiments were conducted, which made respondents choose the ‘most’ and ‘least’ environmentally friendly package. Packages were designed using paperboard substrates blending either brown linerboard or white hardwood pulp with different recovered waste materials. The results showed that consumers perceive obvious waste-containing packaging as more environmentally friendly than classical packaging (with no visual waste). Samples with a brown base and agricultural waste were perceived as more sustainable compared to white packaging and the use of paper waste. In addition, the presentation format changed respondents’ perception, and should therefore be carefully considered when designing surveys.}, journal={RESOURCES CONSERVATION AND RECYCLING}, author={Van Schoubroeck, Sophie and Chacon, Lisandra and Reynolds, Autumn M. and Lavoine, Nathalie and Hakovirta, Marko and Gonzalez, Ronalds and Van Passel, Steven and Venditti, Richard A.}, year={2023}, month={Jan} }
 @article{vera_zambrano_marquez_vivas_forfora_bedard_farrell_ankeny_pal_jameel_et al._2023, title={Environmentally friendly oxidation pretreatments to produce sugar-based building blocks from dyed textile wastes via enzymatic hydrolysis}, volume={467}, ISSN={["1873-3212"]}, DOI={10.1016/j.cej.2023.143321}, abstractNote={Given the increasing concern over textile waste management and the proliferation of textile landfills, enzymatic hydrolysis of cotton represents a potential pathway to upcycle textile waste into valuable chemical building blocks. However, this pathway is challenged by the presence of persistent dyes, hindering enzyme performance. To overcome this issue, environmentally friendly and total chlorine free oxidation methods such as ozone and alkaline hydrogen peroxide were used in combination with mechanical refining pretreatment. The results showed that the enzymatic conversion of black-dyed cotton, without oxidation, resulted in a glucose yield of only 60% as compared to 95% for undyed cotton fibers. On the other hand, the inclusion of oxidation processes in the pretreatment stage resulted in a glucose yield of 90% via enzymatic hydrolysis at expense of using low oxidation chemicals and low enzyme charges. This work highlights the potential of oxidation methods, enzymatic hydrolysis, and mechanical refining as an ecofriendly pathway for generating value-added chemicals from cotton textile waste while promoting economic circularity.}, journal={CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL}, author={Vera, Ramon E. and Zambrano, Franklin and Marquez, Ronald and Vivas, Keren A. and Forfora, Naycari and Bedard, John and Farrell, Matthew and Ankeny, Mary and Pal, Lokendra and Jameel, Hasan and et al.}, year={2023}, month={Jul} }
 @article{zwilling_whitham_zambrano_pifano_grunden_jameel_venditti_gonzalez_2023, title={Survivability of Salmonella Typhimurium (ATCC 14208) and Listeria innocua (ATCC 51742) on lignocellulosic materials for paper packaging}, volume={9}, ISSN={["2405-8440"]}, url={https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e14122}, DOI={10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e14122}, abstractNote={Lignocellulosic materials are widely used for food packaging due to their renewable and biodegradable nature. However, their porous and absorptive properties can lead to the uptake and retention of bacteria during food processing, transportation, and storage, which pose a potential risk for outbreaks of foodborne disease. Thus, it is of great importance to understand how bacteria proliferate and survive on lignocellulosic surfaces. The aim of this research was to compare the growth and survivability of Salmonella Typhimurium and Listeria innocua on bleached and unbleached paper packaging materials. Two different paper materials were fabricated to simulate linerboard from fully bleached and unbleached market pulps and inoculated with each bacterium at high bacterial loads (107 CFU). The bacteria propagated during the first 48 h of incubation and persisted at very high levels (>107 CFU/cm2) for 40 days for all paper and bacterium types. However, the unbleached paper allowed for a greater degree of bacterial growth to occur compared to bleached paper, suspected to be due to the more hydrophobic nature of the unbleached, lignin-containing fibers. Several other considerations may also alter the behavior of bacteria on lignocellulosic materials, such as storage conditions, nutrient availability, and chemical composition of the fibers.}, number={3}, journal={HELIYON}, author={Zwilling, Jacob D. and Whitham, Jason and Zambrano, Franklin and Pifano, Alonzo and Grunden, Amy and Jameel, Hasan and Venditti, Richard and Gonzalez, Ronalds}, year={2023}, month={Mar} }
 @article{vera_vivas_urdaneta_franco_sun_forfora_frazier_gongora_saloni_fenn_et al._2023, title={Transforming non-wood feedstocks into dissolving pulp via organosolv pulping: An alternative strategy to boost the share of natural fibers in the textile industry.}, volume={429}, ISSN={["1879-1786"]}, url={https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2023.139394}, DOI={10.1016/j.jclepro.2023.139394}, abstractNote={This work evaluates wheat straw, switchgrass, and hemp hurd as potential alternatives for producing dissolving pulp using sulfur dioxide (SO2)-ethanol-water (SEW) pulping. The SEW process is described in detail for wheat straw, and the best pulping conditions for this feedstock were 130 °C, 4 h, and 10% SO2 concentration, comprised in a sulfur-ethanol-water ratio of 10-45-45. This resulted in a viscose-grade pulp with 93% α-cellulose, 2.0% hemicelluloses, <0.1% lignin, 0.2% ash content, and a viscosity of 4.7 cP. The best pulping conditions for wheat straw were applied to switchgrass and hemp hurd. Wheat straw and switchgrass had similar pulp quality, while hemp hurd pulp had a higher hemicellulose content and lower viscosity. This work suggests that non-wood feedstocks such as wheat straw and switchgrass can be promising alternatives for dissolving pulp production, which can help reduce the pressure on the textile industry to increase the use of natural fibers and mitigate the environmental impact of non-biodegradable synthetic fibers.}, journal={JOURNAL OF CLEANER PRODUCTION}, author={Vera, Ramon E. and Vivas, Keren A. and Urdaneta, Fernando and Franco, Jorge and Sun, Runkun and Forfora, Naycari and Frazier, Ryen and Gongora, Stephanie and Saloni, Daniel and Fenn, Larissa and et al.}, year={2023}, month={Dec} }
 @article{vera_suarez_zambrano_marquez_bedard_vivas_pifano_farrell_ankeny_jameel_et al._2023, title={Upcycling cotton textile waste into bio-based building blocks through an environmentally friendly and high-yield conversion process}, volume={189}, ISSN={["1879-0658"]}, url={https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resconrec.2022.106715}, DOI={10.1016/j.resconrec.2022.106715}, abstractNote={This work presents mechanical refining as a chemical-free pretreatment of cotton textile waste to be converted into glucose via enzymatic hydrolysis. Both Cellic® CTec2 and CTec3 cellulase enzymes were evaluated to perform the enzymatic hydrolysis. Mechanical refining enabled cotton fiber fibrillation, thus increasing its specific surface area, water swellability, enzyme adsorption, and the efficiency of cotton conversion into sugars. Compared to conventional pretreatments, mechanical refining promoted sugar yields above 90% after enzymatic hydrolysis at lower enzyme usage (4–6 FPU/O.D g). From experimental data, a non-linear model was developed to predict cotton conversion. The predictive model allowed the optimization of the conversion process, which resulted in maximum yields of 89.3 and 98.3% when CTec2 and CTec3 were respectively used. Results from this work open the window to deploy mechanical refining as a promising and more sustainable transformation approach to produce sugar-based building blocks within the circular economy framework of textile waste.}, journal={RESOURCES CONSERVATION AND RECYCLING}, author={Vera, Ramon E. and Suarez, Antonio and Zambrano, Franklin and Marquez, Ronald and Bedard, John and Vivas, Keren A. and Pifano, Alonzo and Farrell, Matthew and Ankeny, Mary and Jameel, Hasan and et al.}, year={2023}, month={Feb} }
 @article{londono-zuluaga_jameel_gonzalez_nellenbach_brown_yang_lucia_2022, title={A Unique Crustacean-Based Chitin Platform to Reduce Self-Aggregation of Polysaccharide Nanofibers}, volume={10}, ISSN={["2079-6439"]}, url={https://www.mdpi.com/2079-6439/10/10/87}, DOI={10.3390/fib10100087}, abstractNote={Every year, over 8 million tons of crustacean shells are discarded. However, there exists an opportunity for valorizing the chitin and calcium carbonate part of the composition of the shells. Our study revealed crustacean chitin reduces self-aggregation effects. It was shown that crustacean-based nanofibers alone or added to cellulose offer unprecedented reductions in viscosity even after drying to produce foams impossible for cellulose. Polysaccharide nanofibers suffer from increased viscosity from strong hydrogen bonding addressed by the incorporation of crustacean-based nanofibers. The ability of the nanocomposite to overcome self-aggregation and collapse was attributed to organized chitin nanofiber morphology in the crustacean matrix. As a result of enhanced surface area from reduced fiber aggregation, the chitin/crustacean-cellulose blend was tested for a biomedical application requiring a high surface area: coagulation. Preliminary experiments showed the crustacean matrices, especially those containing calcium carbonate, induced blood clotting when 35 s. A materials platform is proposed for bio-based nanofiber production overcoming intractable and difficult-to-address self-aggregation effects associated with polysaccharides.}, number={10}, journal={FIBERS}, author={Londono-Zuluaga, Carolina and Jameel, Hasan and Gonzalez, Ronalds and Nellenbach, Kimberly and Brown, Ashley and Yang, Guihua and Lucia, Lucian}, year={2022}, month={Oct} }
 @article{zambrano_marquez_vera_jameel_venditti_gonzalez_2022, title={Developing Alternative, High-Absorbency Brown Fibers: Tissue Paper from Upcycled Corrugated Packaging Waste to Meet New Consumer Trends}, volume={9}, ISSN={["2168-0485"]}, url={https://doi.org/10.1021/acssuschemeng.2c03280}, DOI={10.1021/acssuschemeng.2c03280}, abstractNote={Consumers’ rising interest in brown tissue papers, perceived as sustainable, has increased the market share and selling prices of such products despite their limited performance. Meanwhile, the current excess of packaging waste in the US has created an opportunity for using old corrugated containerboard (OCC) as an alternative source of brown pulp, despite its inferior tissue-making characteristics relative to bleached fibers. Strength, water absorption capacity, and absorption rate are among the crucial properties of absorbent tissue products. Herein, we studied the feasibility of total chlorine-free treatments, namely, oxygen delignification, alkaline hydrogen peroxide, and ozonation, to improve the tissue-making quality of OCC pulp. The processes evaluated reduced the lignin content (kappa number from 89 to values as low as 55) and generated brightness gains as high as 8.8% ISO units. The strength of the sheets also improved due to the delignification and increase in fiber swelling. Chemically treated OCC resulted in sheets with higher water absorption capacity and absorption rate and fiber slurries with higher freeness compared to sheets and slurries from mechanically refined OCC. Therefore, we demonstrate the application of treatments with low environmental impact to upcycle OCC into a high-quality brown pulp suitable for manufacturing high-performance tissue paper.}, journal={ACS SUSTAINABLE CHEMISTRY & ENGINEERING}, author={Zambrano, Franklin and Marquez, Ronald and Vera, Ramon and Jameel, Hasan and Venditti, Richard and Gonzalez, Ronalds}, year={2022}, month={Sep} }
 @article{kumar_zambrano_peszlen_venditti_pawlak_jameel_gonzalez_2022, title={High-performance sustainable tissue paper from agricultural residue: a case study on fique fibers from Colombia}, volume={6}, ISSN={["1572-882X"]}, DOI={10.1007/s10570-022-04687-3}, abstractNote={Global sustainability megatrends are promoting the utilization of sustainably perceived fibers such as recycled and agricultural residue fibers in hygiene tissue applications. Tissue paper products advertised as sustainable have higher prices and inferior performance than conventional products manufactured from virgin wood fibers. This work demonstrates the feasibility of using agricultural residues from fique plantations (Furcraea microphylla genus) as an alternative to Northern Bleached Softwood Fibers (NBSK) in high-performance hygiene tissue applications. For our study, fiber residues were mechanically cleaned and upgraded to a tissue pulp using a simple pulping and bleaching process. A complete characterization of tissue paper properties (bulk, softness, water absorbency, tensile strength) was performed and compared against the NBSK market pulp. Additionally, fique residue pulp was blended with Bleached Eucalyptus Kraft (BEK) to match the performance of a selected benchmark consisting of 70% BEK and 30% NBSK. Results indicate fique residue bleached pulp has similar fiber morphology and comparable strength properties in terms of the tensile strength (+ 6%) and tear strength (+ 10%), but superior bulk (+ 12%), water absorbency (+ 28%), and softness (−29% TS7 values) than NBSK pulp. A fiber blend of 70% BEK and 30% fique residue showed superior tensile strength (+ 21%), tear strength (+ 54%), bulk (+ 5.5%), water absorbency (+ 1.5%), and softness (−8.7% TS7 values) over a similar fiber blend of BEK and NBSK. Our findings demonstrate that fibers from fique residue can substitute NBSK in hygiene tissue applications. Upgrading residues from fique fibers as raw materials for the tissue industry can bridge the gap between sustainability and product performance, simultaneously opening the possibility of new revenue streams for millions of small farmers in the producing countries.}, journal={CELLULOSE}, author={Kumar, Rajnish and Zambrano, Franklin and Peszlen, Ilona and Venditti, Richard and Pawlak, Joel and Jameel, Hasan and Gonzalez, Ronalds}, year={2022}, month={Jun} }
 @article{frazier_zambrano_pawlak_gonzalez_2022, title={Methods to assess and control dusting and linting in the paper industry: a review}, volume={1}, ISSN={["1433-3015"]}, DOI={10.1007/s00170-021-08482-5}, journal={INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ADVANCED MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY}, author={Frazier, Ryen and Zambrano, Franklin and Pawlak, Joel J. and Gonzalez, Ronalds}, year={2022}, month={Jan} }
 @article{kwon_zambrano_venditti_frazier_zambrano_gonzalez_pawlak_2022, title={Microfiber shedding from nonwoven materials including wipes and meltblown nonwovens in air and water environments}, volume={4}, ISSN={["1614-7499"]}, DOI={10.1007/s11356-022-20053-z}, abstractNote={Nonwoven products are widely used in disposable products, such as wipes, diapers, and masks. Microfibers shed from these products in the aquatic and air environment have not been fully described. In the present study, 15 commercial single-use nonwoven products (wipes) and 16 meltblown nonwoven materials produced in a pilot plant were investigated regarding their microfiber generation in aquatic and air environments and compared to selected textile materials and paper tissue materials. Microfibers shed in water were studied using a Launder Ometer equipment (1-65 mg of microfibers per gram material), and microfibers shed in air were evaluated using a dusting testing machine that shakes a piece of the nonwoven back and forth (~ 4 mg of microfibers per gram material). The raw materials and bonding technologies affected the microfiber generation both in water and air conditions. When the commercial nonwovens contained less natural cellulosic fibers, less microfibers were generated. Bonding with hydroentangling and/or double bonding by two different bonding methods could improve the resistance to microfiber generation. Meltblown nonwoven fabrics generated fewer microfibers compared to the other commercial nonwovens studied here, and the manufacturing factors, such as DCD (die-to-collector distance) and air flow rate, affected the tendency of microfiber generation. The results suggest that it is possible to control the tendency of microfiber shedding through the choice of operating parameters during nonwoven manufacturing processes.}, journal={ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH}, author={Kwon, Soojin and Zambrano, Marielis C. and Venditti, Richard A. and Frazier, Ryen and Zambrano, Franklin and Gonzalez, Ronalds W. and Pawlak, Joel J.}, year={2022}, month={Apr} }
 @article{marquez_zwilling_zambrano_tolosa_marquez_venditti_jameel_gonzalez_2022, title={Nanoparticles and essential oils with antiviral activity on packaging and surfaces: An overview of their selection and application}, volume={7}, ISSN={["1558-9293"]}, url={https://doi.org/10.1002/jsde.12609}, DOI={10.1002/jsde.12609}, abstractNote={Abstract}, journal={JOURNAL OF SURFACTANTS AND DETERGENTS}, publisher={Wiley}, author={Marquez, Ronald and Zwilling, Jacob and Zambrano, Franklin and Tolosa, Laura and Marquez, Maria E. and Venditti, Richard and Jameel, Hasan and Gonzalez, Ronalds}, year={2022}, month={Jul} }
 @article{suarez_ford_venditti_kelley_saloni_gonzalez_2022, title={Rethinking the use of bio-based plastics to accelerate the decarbonization of our society}, volume={186}, ISSN={0921-3449}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.resconrec.2022.106593}, DOI={10.1016/j.resconrec.2022.106593}, abstractNote={The need to tackle the current environmental impact of plastics is driving the development of new bio-based materials. Although these bioplastics offer carbon footprint reductions, their role in a more sustainable economy is still unclear. Herein, a systematic review was performed to understand the impact of producing bioplastics. This information was used to perform a life cycle assessment considering different end-of-life scenarios. Then a Smart Use of Materials based on the assumption of only using certain materials in targeted applications was proposed. It was found that the dedicated use of bio-polyethylene terephthalate for packaging and polylactic acid for textiles can offer a carbon footprint reduction of up to 67% and 80% respectively. Therefore, we present a major opportunity to decarbonize our society using current technologies and supply chains. This concept contributes to building a society that understands the place of bio-based materials and addresses pollution from a material selection perspective.}, journal={Resources, Conservation and Recycling}, publisher={Elsevier BV}, author={Suarez, Antonio and Ford, Ericka and Venditti, Richard and Kelley, Stephen and Saloni, Daniel and Gonzalez, Ronalds}, year={2022}, month={Nov}, pages={106593} }
 @misc{pawlak_frazier_vera_wang_gonzalez_2022, title={Review: The Softness of Hygiene Tissue}, volume={17}, ISSN={["1930-2126"]}, DOI={10.15376/biores.17.2.Pawlak}, abstractNote={The hygiene tissue industry has an extensive global market that is quickly growing. Market research has indicated that softness is one of consumers’ most highly desired properties. For certain hygiene tissue products (specifically bath tissue), this property can influence prices. A better understanding of the science of softness would allow companies to engineer soft tissue more economically and efficiently. Softness is a subjective perception related to physical aspects that make it challenging to express and measure. Human handfeel panel testing, which ranks the specimens through physical tests, has been recognized as the most reliable method to measure tissue softness. Much effort has been expanded in correlating the panel test results with some measurable properties. In this regard, equipment has been recently developed by combining several different mechanical, surface, and acoustic properties to characterize softness. In comparison with panel tests, these instruments (e.g., tissue softness analyzer) have been found to give equivalent softness metrics. A combination of materials selection and manufacturing operations are used to create softer tissue sheets. This paper reviews the sensation of softness as perceived by the human touch, techniques for measuring softness, the influence of fiber on softness, manufacturing techniques, and additives used for softness enhancement.}, number={2}, journal={BIORESOURCES}, author={Pawlak, Joel J. and Frazier, Ryen and Vera, Ramon E. and Wang, Yuhan and Gonzalez, Ronalds}, year={2022}, month={May}, pages={3509–3550} }
 @article{frazier_zambrano_pawlak_welsford_gonzalez_2022, title={The Tissue Dust Analysis System: A new device and methodology to quantify dusting and linting propensity in hygiene tissue papers}, url={https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-1320773/v1}, DOI={10.21203/rs.3.rs-1320773/v1}, abstractNote={Abstract Linting and dusting are commonly used terms to describe the tendency of a tissue web to release unbound and loosely bound fibers or filler particles during the tissue-making process or in the finished tissue product. Lint/dust generation has an overall negative impact across tissue paper manufacturing and handling operations, causing safety hazards, machine runnability difficulties, and product quality issues. To date, there are no well-established industry standards to quantify dusting/linting propensities in finished tissue products, thus evaluating the effectiveness of dust/lint control programs is challenging yet intriguing. This research aims to fill this gap by developing a methodology to characterize dusting in tissue papers. We have developed a device prototype (named the Tissue Dust Collector) and a methodology that together have been named the Tissue Dust Analysis System (TDAS), which aims at quantifying the propensity for tissue-grade paper products to generate dust/lint in a controlled and reproducible manner. Two samples, corresponding to commercial products with a low and high linting propensity, were tested using the proposed device and methodology, and the released particles were quantified and characterized. The device and methodology provided reproducible results for simulated consumer handling and product manufacturing scenarios. By changing the instrument's motor frequency, the force of agitation changes, mimicking/simulating consumer (60 strokes per min, spm) and producer/manufacturing (180 spm) handling scenarios (though manufacturing processes are much faster in practice). Particle counts at each level for each product showed reproducible values differentiable at different agitation levels. Adopting the proposed Tissue Dust Analysis System may help to collect, characterize and understand the mechanisms behind dusting to alleviate this issue at its various sources through dust-control strategies.}, author={Frazier, Ryen McKinsey and Zambrano, Franklin and Pawlak, Joel J. and Welsford, David and Gonzalez, Ronalds}, year={2022}, month={Feb} }
 @article{frazier_zambrano_pawlak_peszlen_welsford_gonzalez_2022, title={The tissue dust analysis system: a new device and methodology to quantify dusting and linting propensity in hygiene tissue papers}, volume={8}, ISSN={["1572-882X"]}, url={https://doi.org/10.1007/s10570-022-04779-0}, DOI={10.1007/s10570-022-04779-0}, abstractNote={Paper dusting, which occurs when a tissue web releases unbound and loosely bound fibers or filler particles during tissue-making or product manufacturing, has an overall negative impact, causing safety hazards, machine runnability difficulties, and product quality issues. To date, there are no well-established industry standards to quantify dusting/linting propensities in finished tissue products, thus evaluating the effectiveness of dust/lint control programs is challenging yet intriguing. This research aims to fill this gap by developing a methodology to characterize dusting in tissue papers. We have developed a device prototype (named the Tissue Dust Collector) and a methodology that together have been named the Tissue Dust Analysis System (TDAS), which aims at quantifying the propensity for tissue-grade paper products to generate dust/lint in a controlled and reproducible manner. Two samples, corresponding to commercial products with a low and high linting propensity, were tested using the proposed device and methodology, and the released particles were quantified and characterized. The device and methodology provided reproducible results for simulated consumer handling and product manufacturing scenarios. By changing the instrument's motor frequency, the force of agitation changes, mimicking/simulating consumer (60 strokes per min, spm) and producer/manufacturing (180 spm) handling scenarios (though manufacturing processes are much faster in practice). Particle counts at each level for each product showed reproducible values differentiable at different agitation levels. Adopting the proposed Tissue Dust Analysis System may help to characterize and understand the mechanisms behind dusting to create dust-control strategies that can alleviate this issue at its various sources or simply allow tissue paper manufacturers to compare and advertise their products based on dusting propensity.}, journal={CELLULOSE}, author={Frazier, Ryen and Zambrano, Franklin and Pawlak, Joel J. and Peszlen, Ilona and Welsford, David and Gonzalez, Ronalds}, year={2022}, month={Aug} }
 @article{zambrano_wang_zwilling_venditti_jameel_rojas_gonzalez_2021, title={Micro- and nanofibrillated cellulose from virgin and recycled fibers: A comparative study of its effects on the properties of hygiene tissue paper}, volume={254}, ISSN={0144-8617}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.carbpol.2020.117430}, DOI={10.1016/j.carbpol.2020.117430}, abstractNote={This study aims to understand the effect of micro- and nanofibrillated cellulose (MNFC) on the tensile index, softness, and water absorbency of tissue paper. MNFC was produced from four different fiber sources. The results show that MNFC acts as an effective strength enhancer at the expense of a reduced water absorbency and softness. The impact of the fiber source on MNFC manufacturing cost and the trade-off with performance was also investigated. MNFCs produced from southern bleached hardwood kraft, northern bleached softwood kraft, and deinked pulp exhibited similar performance trends with the MNFC from the deinked pulp having a significantly lower cost. This suggests that MNFCs with similar degrees of fibrillation may be used interchangeably regardless of the fiber source, revealing the possibility to minimize MNFC manufacturing costs based on fiber selection. MNFC produced from bleached Eucalyptus kraft showed the lowest degree of fibrillation and the lowest strength improvements among the MNFCs evaluated.}, journal={Carbohydrate Polymers}, publisher={Elsevier BV}, author={Zambrano, Franklin and Wang, Yuhan and Zwilling, Jacob D. and Venditti, Richard and Jameel, Hasan and Rojas, Orlando and Gonzalez, Ronalds}, year={2021}, month={Feb}, pages={117430} }
 @article{assis_suarez_prestemon_stonebraker_carrillo_dasmohapatra_jameel_gonzalez_2021, title={Risk Analysis, Practice, and Considerations in Capital Budgeting: Evidence from the Field for the Bio-based Industry}, volume={16}, ISSN={["1930-2126"]}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.15376/biores.16.1.19-45}, DOI={10.15376/biores.16.1.19-45}, abstractNote={This study aims to examine how organizations in the bio-based industry perceive risks and perform risk analysis within the capital investment decision-making process. More specifically, this study aims to assess sources of uncertainty commonly considered, identify tools and methods used for risk assessment, and understand how risk analysis is considered in capital budgeting. Eighty-six respondents were electronically surveyed on practices for capital investment risk analysis, including C-suite and upper management from different organization sizes and segments in the bio-based industry. It was found that some forms of risk analysis are utilized either in project assessment and/or for decision making by most respondents; however, qualitative and deterministic assessment practices dominate over probabilistic methods. In addition, risk assessment is most commonly performed in the later stages of a project, with less than 50% of adoption at the earlier stages. Overall, the main sources of uncertainties considered when performing risk assessment are financial, market and sales, and technology, with competition being considered mostly by upper management levels. Additionally, consistent with previous studies in other industry sectors, Internal Rate of Return, Return on Investment, and Net Present Value are the preferred financial indicators used to evaluate capital investments.}, number={1}, journal={BIORESOURCES}, publisher={BioResources}, author={Assis, Camilla Abbati and Suarez, Antonio and Prestemon, Jeffrey P. and Stonebraker, Jeffrey and Carrillo, Carlos and Dasmohapatra, Sudipta and Jameel, Hasan and Gonzalez, Ronalds}, year={2021}, month={Feb}, pages={19–45} }
 @article{zwilling_jiang_zambrano_venditti_jameel_velev_rojas_gonzalez_2021, title={Understanding lignin micro- and nanoparticle nucleation and growth in aqueous suspensions by solvent fractionation}, volume={23}, ISSN={1463-9262 1463-9270}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/D0GC03632C}, DOI={10.1039/d0gc03632c}, abstractNote={Interactions of sub-micron lignin particles dependent on precursor kraft lignin chemistry and molecular weight.}, number={2}, journal={Green Chemistry}, publisher={Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)}, author={Zwilling, Jacob D. and Jiang, Xiao and Zambrano, Franklin and Venditti, Richard A. and Jameel, Hasan and Velev, Orlin D. and Rojas, Orlando J. and Gonzalez, Ronalds}, year={2021}, pages={1001–1012} }
 @article{assis_pawlak_pal_jameel_reisinger_kavalew_campbell_pawlowska_gonzalez_2020, title={Comparison between uncreped and creped handsheets on tissue paper properties using a creping simulator unit}, volume={27}, ISSN={["1572-882X"]}, DOI={10.1007/s10570-020-03163-0}, number={10}, journal={CELLULOSE}, author={Assis, Tiago and Pawlak, Joel and Pal, Lokendra and Jameel, Hasan and Reisinger, Lee W. and Kavalew, Dale and Campbell, Clayton and Pawlowska, Lucyna and Gonzalez, Ronalds W.}, year={2020}, month={Jul}, pages={5981–5999} }
 @article{jiang_assis_kollman_sun_jameel_chang_gonzalez_2020, title={Lignin fractionation from laboratory to commercialization: chemistry, scalability and techno-economic analysis}, volume={22}, ISSN={["1463-9270"]}, url={https://doi.org/10.1039/D0GC02960B}, DOI={10.1039/d0gc02960b}, abstractNote={A detailed techno-economic analysis on industrial scale lignin fractionation using green solvents.}, number={21}, journal={GREEN CHEMISTRY}, publisher={Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)}, author={Jiang, Xiao and Assis, Camilla and Kollman, Matthew and Sun, Runkun and Jameel, Hasan and Chang, Hou-min and Gonzalez, Ronalds}, year={2020}, month={Nov}, pages={7448–7459} }
 @article{geng_venditti_pawlak_de assis_gonzalez_phillips_chang_2020, title={Techno-economic analysis of hemicellulose extraction from different types of lignocellulosic feedstocks and strategies for cost optimization}, volume={14}, ISBN={1932-1031}, ISSN={1932-104X 1932-1031}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bbb.2054}, DOI={10.1002/bbb.2054}, abstractNote={Abstract}, number={2}, journal={BIOFUELS BIOPRODUCTS & BIOREFINING-BIOFPR}, publisher={Wiley}, author={Geng, Wenhui and Venditti, Richard A. and Pawlak, Joel J. and De Assis, Tiago and Gonzalez, Ronalds W. and Phillips, Richard B. and Chang, Hou-min}, year={2020}, month={Mar}, pages={225–241} }
 @article{silva_cubbage_gonzalez_abt_2019, title={Assessing market power in the US pulp and paper industry}, volume={102}, ISSN={["1872-7050"]}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-85063393559&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, DOI={10.1016/j.forpol.2019.03.009}, abstractNote={This paper assesses the market power of pulpwood mills in different regions of the U.S. We estimated the conjectural elasticity, elasticities of substitution and price elasticities for the delivered price at the mill in Southeast and North U.S. and the stumpage in the Southeast. We assembled data composed of price and quantity of Labor, Energy, Chemical Products and Wood at firms' level from Q4/2016 to Q4/2017, and applied a variety of econometric models that measure the influence of firms and resource characteristics on market competition. The results indicate moderate levels of oligopsony power in all markets, with the highest effect at the mill in the North, and lowest in the stumpage market in the South. Market power in the pulpwood market is strongly driven by industry concentration and local company size, and decreases as the estimated wood procurement radius from a mill increases in size.}, journal={FOREST POLICY AND ECONOMICS}, author={Silva, Bruno Kanieski and Cubbage, Frederick W. and Gonzalez, Ronalds and Abt, Robert C.}, year={2019}, month={May}, pages={138–150} }
 @article{assi_pawlak_pal_jameel_venditti_reisinger_kavalew_gonzalez_2019, title={Comparison of Wood and Non-Wood Market Pulps for Tissue Paper Application}, volume={14}, ISSN={["1930-2126"]}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-85076457460&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, DOI={10.15376/biores.14.3.6781-6810}, abstractNote={A comparison among ten market pulps at a laboratory scale using uncreped tissue handsheets was performed to study the performance of wood and non-wood pulps for tissue manufacturing, evaluate what fiber features are desired for a specific tissue property, and determine how non-wood pulps can be used to replace or complement wood pulps in tissue products. A characterization of the fiber morphology and handsheet properties (softness, water absorbency, and strength) was performed at different mechanical refining levels. The results showed that the fiber morphology had a major impact on tissue properties. Market pulps with a combination of long fibers, high coarseness, and low fines content can provide superior bulk and water absorbency. Short fibers with thin cell walls and low fines content can impart superior softness. Bleached bamboo soda pulp can replace hardwood and softwood pulps to provide an excellent combination of water absorbency and strength. Bleached bamboo soda pulp can also replace Northern bleached softwood kraft (NBSK) pulp to impart strength without sacrificing softness. Bleached and semi-bleached wheat straw soda pulps presented a similar combination of softness and strength as Southern bleached hardwood kraft (SBHK) pulp. The wheat straw pulps can be used to replace deinked pulp (DIP) pulp to impart intermediate levels of water absorbency and strength.}, number={3}, journal={BIORESOURCES}, author={Assi, Tiago and Pawlak, Joel and Pal, Lokendra and Jameel, Hasan and Venditti, Richard and Reisinger, Lee W. and Kavalew, Dale and Gonzalez, Ronalds W.}, year={2019}, month={Aug}, pages={6781–6810} }
 @misc{londono-zuluaga_jameel_gonzalez_lucia_2019, title={Crustacean shell-based biosorption water remediation platforms: Status and perspectives}, volume={231}, ISSN={["1095-8630"]}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-85057191579&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, DOI={10.1016/j.jenvman.2018.10.096}, abstractNote={The importance of water pollutants on human health has been the subject of intense study and constitutes perhaps the most significant grand challenge for the future of human society. Water remediation faces many challenges in effectively combating pollution, especially for low income populations where poor water sanitation and little to no access to technically competent and cost effective remediation are nearly insurmountable issues. In an effort to provide low-cost adsorbents, research over the last few years has focused on biological residual materials from plants and animal biomass to not only to add value, but to remediate water at a lower cost with the same or improved efficiency as commercially available option. Crustacean shells are among a class of biological residues that are commonly treated as a waste product of the sea food industry. However, potential valorization by remediation of heavy metal ions, organic matter, and anionic species is a topic of high interest in the current eco-friendly environment. The aim of this review is to provide insight on the state of the art of crustacean shells for addressing water remediation and to offer some perspective regarding challenges and the future of this type of biomass.}, journal={JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT}, author={Londono-Zuluaga, Carolina and Jameel, Hasan and Gonzalez, Ronalds W. and Lucia, Lucian}, year={2019}, month={Feb}, pages={757–762} }
 @article{wang_zambrano_venditti_dasmohapatra_de assis_reisinger_pawlak_gonzalez_2019, title={Effect of Pulp Properties, Drying Technology, and Sustainability on Bath Tissue Performance and Shelf Price}, volume={14}, ISSN={["1930-2126"]}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-85075253887&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, DOI={10.15376/biores.14.4.9410-9428}, abstractNote={The relationship between the types of pulp, the tissue making technologies, and shelf price of bath tissue was evaluated for the North American market. Twenty-four market tissue samples (representing approximately 80% of the current market offering) were sourced and analyzed along with their nationwide price information. Pulp composition, drying technologies, market share, sustainability advertising, and tissue properties were evaluated. Tissue properties, including softness, ball burst strength, water absorbency, density, tensile strength, and tensile modulus were measured. Among all the drying technologies, creped through-air dry (CTAD) and creped through-air dry belt (CTADB) seemed to improve tissue softness most. The UCTAD maximized tissue bulk by drying the tissue web solely using a through-air (TAD) cylinder. Tissue samples with freeness between 575 to 650 mL seemed to have their properties improved more significantly through advanced drying technologies. It was found that the retail prices of these bath tissues were directly related to softness, bulkiness, water absorbency, and basis weight. A mathematical model was conducted to predict the retail price of bath tissue (based on product performance and attributes). This paper also identified the effect of “sustainability” on the retail price.}, number={4}, journal={BIORESOURCES}, author={Wang, Yuhan and Zambrano, Franklin and Venditti, Richard and Dasmohapatra, Sudipta and De Assis, Tiago and Reisinger, Lee and Pawlak, Joel and Gonzalez, Ronalds}, year={2019}, month={Nov}, pages={9410–9428} }
 @article{assis_reisinger_dasmohapatra_pawlak_jameel_pal_kavalew_gonzalez_2019, title={Performance and sustainability vs. the shelf price of tissue paper Kitchen Towels}, volume={13}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-85074222578&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, DOI={10.15376/biores.13.3.6868-6892}, abstractNote={This study aimed to identify the performance properties that drive the shelf price of kitchen paper towels and evaluate whether sustainability is an important driver for pricing. Nineteen products were compared according to their performance (softness, absorbency, and strength), technology, and fiber morphology. Metrics to rank the products in different grades (economy, premium, and ultra) according to their performance were provided. A multiple linear regression showed that absorbency and softness are the most significant properties used to predict the price. Market data indicates that there is a segment of consumers willing to pay a premium price for products marketed as “sustainable”, even though their performance is comparatively inferior to the majority of the samples. Sustainable products are up to 85% more expensive than regular products. The metrics obtained in this work can contribute to improvement in market transparency, and aid companies in deciding strategies for product development and new investments.}, number={3}, journal={BioResources}, author={Assis, T. and Reisinger, L.W. and Dasmohapatra, S. and Pawlak, J. and Jameel, H. and Pal, L. and Kavalew, D. and Gonzalez, R.W.}, year={2019}, pages={6868–6892} }
 @article{koo_park_gonzalez_jameel_park_2019, title={Two-stage autohydrolysis and mechanical treatment to maximize sugar recovery from sweet sorghum bagasse}, volume={276}, ISSN={["1873-2976"]}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-85059462040&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, DOI={10.1016/j.biortech.2018.12.112}, abstractNote={Modified autohydrolysis combined with mechanical refining has been suggested to recover free sugars from sweet sorghum bagasse and facilitates enzyme access to cellulose in bagasse for enhancing its conversion to fermentable sugars. The amount of total available sugars in sweet sorghum bagasse was found to be 76.1% and this value was used to evaluate the efficiency of the process suggested. Total sugar recovery was achieved up to 68.1% through the single-stage autohydrolysis at 170 °C for 60 min, followed by mechanical refining and enzymatic hydrolysis; however, the sugar recovery through partial degradation of free sugars induced by high-temperature autohydrolysis was lower than expected. A modified two-stage autohydrolysis was suggested to prevent sugar degradation and the total sugar recovery using this process reached 83.9% of total available sugars in sweet sorghum bagasse.}, journal={BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY}, author={Koo, Bonwook and Park, Junyeong and Gonzalez, Ronalds and Jameel, Hasan and Park, Sunkyu}, year={2019}, month={Mar}, pages={140–145} }
 @inproceedings{de assis_ago_greca_jameel_gonzalez_rojas_2018, title={Bio-nanomaterials development: Linking R&D activities and industrialization of lignin micro-and nanoparticles}, volume={1}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-85060479015&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, booktitle={International Conference on Nanotechnology for Renewable Materials 2018}, author={De Assis, C.A. and Ago, M. and Greca, L. and Jameel, H. and Gonzalez, R.W. and Rojas, O.J.}, year={2018}, pages={34–47} }
 @article{de assis_iglesias_bilodeau_johnson_phillips_peresin_bilek_rojas_venditti_gonzalez_2018, title={Cellulose micro- and nanofibrils (CMNF) manufacturing - financial and risk assessment}, volume={12}, ISSN={1932-104X}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bbb.1835}, DOI={10.1002/bbb.1835}, abstractNote={Abstract}, number={2}, journal={Biofuels, Bioproducts and Biorefining}, publisher={Wiley}, author={de Assis, Camilla Abbati and Iglesias, Maria Celeste and Bilodeau, Michael and Johnson, Donna and Phillips, Richard and Peresin, Maria Soledad and Bilek, E.M. Ted and Rojas, Orlando J. and Venditti, Richard and Gonzalez, Ronalds}, year={2018}, month={Mar}, pages={251–264} }
 @article{de assis_iglesias_bilodeau_johnson_phillips_peresin_bilek_rojas_venditti_gonzalez_2018, title={Cover Image, Volume 12, Issue 2}, volume={12}, ISSN={1932-104X}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/BBB.1874}, DOI={10.1002/BBB.1874}, abstractNote={The cover image, by Camilla Abbati de Assis et al., is based on the Modeling and Analysis Cellulose micro‐ and nanofibrils (CMNF) manufacturing ‐ financial and risk assessment, DOI: 10.1002/bbb.1835.
image
}, number={2}, journal={Biofuels, Bioproducts and Biorefining}, publisher={Wiley}, author={de Assis, Camilla Abbati and Iglesias, Maria Celeste and Bilodeau, Michael and Johnson, Donna and Phillips, Richard and Peresin, Maria Soledad and Bilek, E.M. Ted and Rojas, Orlando J. and Venditti, Richard and Gonzalez, Ronalds}, year={2018}, month={Mar}, pages={i-i} }
 @article{tyagi_mathew_opperman_jameel_gonzalez_lucia_hubbe_pal_2018, title={High-Strength Antibacterial Chitosan–Cellulose Nanocrystal Composite Tissue Paper}, volume={35}, ISSN={0743-7463 1520-5827}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.langmuir.8b02655}, DOI={10.1021/acs.langmuir.8b02655}, abstractNote={A heightened need to control the spread of infectious diseases prompted the current work in which functionalized and innovative antimicrobial tissue paper was developed with a hydrophobic spray-coating of chitosan (Ch) and cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) composite. It was hypothesized that the hydrophobic nature of chitosan could be counterbalanced by the addition of CNC to maintain fiber formation and water absorbency. Light-weight tissue handsheets were prepared, spray-coated with Ch, CNC, and their composite coating (ChCNC), and tested for antimicrobial activity against Gram-negative bacteria Escherichia coli and a microbial sample from a human hand after using the rest room. Water absorption and strength properties were also analyzed. To activate the surface of cationized tissue paper, an oxygen/helium gas atmospheric plasma treatment was employed on the best performing antimicrobial tissue papers. The highest bactericidal activity was observed with ChCNC-coated tissue paper, inhibiting up to 98% microbial growth. Plasma treatment further improved the antimicrobial activity of the coatings. Water absorption properties were reduced with Ch but increased with CNC. This "self-disinfecting" bactericidal tissue has the potential to be one of the most innovative products for the hygiene industry because it can dry, clean, and resist the infection of surfaces simultaneously, providing significant societal benefits.}, number={1}, journal={Langmuir}, publisher={American Chemical Society (ACS)}, author={Tyagi, Preeti and Mathew, Reny and Opperman, Charles and Jameel, Hasan and Gonzalez, Ronalds and Lucia, Lucian and Hubbe, Martin and Pal, Lokendra}, year={2018}, month={Nov}, pages={104–112} }
 @inproceedings{naithani_tyagi_lucia_pal_jameel_gonzalez_2018, title={Highly green and favorable energetics for generating non-wood fibers for tissue production}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-85071086740&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, booktitle={Tissue Conference and Expo 2018: In the Heart of the North American Tissue Industry}, author={Naithani, V. and Tyagi, P. and Lucia, L. and Pal, L. and Jameel, H. and Gonzalez, R.}, year={2018}, pages={11–26} }
 @misc{londono-zuluaga_du_chang_jameel_gonzalez_2018, title={Lignin Modifications and Perspectives towards Applications of Phenolic Foams: A Review}, volume={13}, ISSN={["1930-2126"]}, DOI={10.15376/biores.13.4.Londono-Zuluaga}, abstractNote={Lignin is a complex natural polymer and by-product of the pulp and paper industry. Currently, the increasing interest in bio-based products has motivated the search for alternative renewable feedstocks that can sustainably replace synthetic polymers. Because of the phenolic functionalities of lignin, this natural polymer has attracted interest for application in biomaterials. Among various products, polymeric foams stand out as a potential product in which lignin incorporation has resulted in improved mechanical and thermal properties. This paper reviews the state of lignin foam development, with emphasis placed on phenol-lignin types.}, number={4}, journal={BIORESOURCES}, author={Londono-Zuluaga, Carolina and Du, Jing and Chang, Hou-Min and Jameel, Hasan and Gonzalez, Ronalds}, year={2018}, pages={9158–9179} }
 @article{wang_de assis_zambrano_pal_venditti_dasmohapatra_pawlak_gonzalez_2018, title={Relationship between human perception of softness and instrument measurements}, volume={14}, ISSN={1930-2126 1930-2126}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.15376/biores.14.1.780-795}, DOI={10.15376/biores.14.1.780-795}, abstractNote={Softness, as a subjective perception, is difficult to define and quantify. For decades, panel tests have been used to judge differences in the softness of hygiene tissue samples. Panel tests can be a time-consuming and expensive process. A number of protocols have been developed to quantify the physical properties of tissues associated with softness. The Tissue Softness Analyzer (TSA) by Emtec has gained popularity in characterizing the physical properties of tissues associated with softness. The instrument was designed with softness in mind and attempts to simulate the touch of the human hand. There is currently no comprehensive study that compares the results from a TSA and human panel. In this work, panel tests were used to validate the performance of the TSA with bath tissue. It was determined that one component of the TSA measurements (TS7) linearly correlated with the panel results. Among all of the algorithms available for use with the TSA, the TP2 algorithm most accurately predicted the panel scores. The TSA performed better in predicting the softness of the samples that were dried with a conventional wet press or creped-through air-dryer.}, number={1}, journal={BioResources}, publisher={BioResources}, author={Wang, Yuhan and de Assis, Tiago and Zambrano, Franklin and Pal, Lokendra and Venditti, Richard and Dasmohapatra, Sudipta and Pawlak, Joel and Gonzalez, Ronalds}, year={2018}, month={Dec}, pages={780–795} }
 @article{assis_greca_ago_balakshin_jameel_gonzalez_rojas_2018, title={Techno-Economic Assessment, Scalability, and Applications of Aerosol Lignin Micro- and Nanoparticles}, volume={6}, ISSN={["2168-0485"]}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-85049954792&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, DOI={10.1021/acssuschemeng.8b02151}, abstractNote={Lignin micro- and nanoparticles (LMNPs) synthesized from side-streams of pulp and paper and biorefinery operations have been proposed for the generation of new, high-value materials. As sustainable alternatives to particles of synthetic or mineral origins, LMNPs viability depends on scale-up, manufacturing cost, and applications. By using experimental data as primary source of information, along with industrial know-how, we analyze dry and spherical LMNPs obtained by our recently reported aerosol/atomization method. First, a preliminary evaluation toward the commercial production of LMNPs from industrial lignin precursors is presented. Following, we introduce potential LMNPs applications from a financial perspective. Mass and energy balances, operating costs, and capital investment are estimated and discussed in view of LMNPs scalability prospects. The main potential market segments identified (from a financial perspective) include composite nanofillers, solid foams, emulsion stabilizers, chelating agents, and UV protection. Our technical, financial, and market assessment represent the basis for R&D planning and efforts to lower the risk related to expected industrialization efforts. Manufacturing costs were estimated between 870 and 1170 USD/t; also, minimum selling prices varied from 1240 and 1560 USD/t, depending on raw materials used. Sensitivity analysis indicated that manufacturing cost can be as low as 600 USD/t, depending on the process conditions considered. Finally, based on the financial assessment, potential applications were identified.}, number={9}, journal={ACS SUSTAINABLE CHEMISTRY & ENGINEERING}, publisher={American Chemical Society (ACS)}, author={Assis, Camilla Abbati and Greca, Luiz G. and Ago, Mariko and Balakshin, Mikhail Yu. and Jameel, Hasan and Gonzalez, Ronalds and Rojas, Orlando J.}, year={2018}, month={Sep}, pages={11853–11868} }
 @article{reeb_phillips_venditti_treasure_daystar_gonzalez_jameel_kelley_2018, title={Techno‐economic analysis of various biochemical conversion platforms for biosugar production: Trade‐offs of co‐producing biopower versus pellets for either a greenfield, repurpose, or co‐location siting context}, volume={12}, ISSN={1932-104X 1932-1031}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bbb.1847}, DOI={10.1002/bbb.1847}, abstractNote={Abstract}, number={3}, journal={Biofuels, Bioproducts and Biorefining}, publisher={Wiley}, author={Reeb, Carter and Phillips, Richard and Venditti, Richard and Treasure, Trevor and Daystar, Jesse and Gonzalez, Ronalds and Jameel, Hasan and Kelley, Stephen}, year={2018}, month={Feb}, pages={390–411} }
 @article{assis_huang_driemeier_donohoe_kim_kim_gonzalez_jameel_park_2018, title={Toward an understanding of the increase in enzymatic hydrolysis by mechanical refining}, volume={11}, ISSN={["1754-6834"]}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-85055631061&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, DOI={10.1186/s13068-018-1289-3}, abstractNote={Mechanical refining is a low-capital and well-established technology used in pulp and paper industry to improve fiber bonding for product strength. Refining can also be applied in a biorefinery context to overcome the recalcitrance of pretreated biomass by opening up the biomass structure and modifying substrate properties (e.g., morphology, particle size, porosity, crystallinity), which increases enzyme accessibility to substrate and improves carbohydrate conversion. Although several characterization methods have been used to identify the changes in substrate properties, there is no systematic approach to evaluate the extent of fiber cell wall disruption and what physical properties can explain the improvement in enzymatic digestibility when pretreated lignocellulosic biomass is mechanically refined. This is because the fiber cell wall is complex across multiple scales, including the molecular scale, nano- and meso-scale (microfibril), and microscale (tissue level). A combination of advanced characterization tools is used in this study to better understand the effect of mechanical refining on the meso-scale microfibril assembly and the relationship between those meso-scale modifications and enzymatic hydrolysis.Enzymatic conversion of autohydrolysis sugarcane bagasse was improved from 69.6 to 77.2% (11% relative increase) after applying mechanical refining and an increase in enzymatic digestibility is observed with an increase in refining intensity. Based on a combination of advanced characterizations employed in this study, it was found that the refining action caused fiber size reduction, internal delamination, and increase in pores and swellability.A higher level of delamination and higher increase in porosity, analyzed by TEM and DSC, were clearly demonstrated, which explain the faster digestibility rate during the first 72 h of enzymatic hydrolysis for disc-refined samples when compared to the PFI-refined samples. In addition, an increased inter-fibrillar distance between cellulose microfibrils at the nano-meso-scale was also revealed by SFG analysis, while no evidence was found for a change in crystalline structure by XRD and solid-state NMR analysis.}, number={1}, journal={BIOTECHNOLOGY FOR BIOFUELS}, author={Assis, Tiago and Huang, Shixin and Driemeier, Carlos Eduardo and Donohoe, Bryon S. and Kim, Chaehoon and Kim, Seong H. and Gonzalez, Ronalds and Jameel, Hasan and Park, Sunkyu}, year={2018}, month={Oct} }
 @misc{de assis_reisinger_pal_pawlak_jameel_gonzalez_2018, title={Understanding the effect of machine technology and cellulosic fibers on tissue properties - a review}, volume={13}, number={2}, journal={BioResources}, author={De Assis, T. and Reisinger, L. W. and Pal, L. and Pawlak, J. and Jameel, H. and Gonzalez, R. W.}, year={2018} }
 @inproceedings{zambrano_de assis_abbati_gonzalez_venditti_pawlak_pal_jameel_phillips_2018, title={Understanding the effect of nanocellulose on hygiene tissue properties}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-85062667219&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, booktitle={Tissue World Miami 2018}, author={Zambrano, F. and De Assis, T. and Abbati, C. and Gonzalez, R. and Venditti, R. and Pawlak, J. and Pal, L. and Jameel, H. and Phillips, R.}, year={2018} }
 @article{rice_pal_gonzalez_hubbe_2018, title={Wet-end addition of nanofibrillated cellulose pretreated with cationic starch to achieve paper strength with less refining and higher bulk}, volume={17}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-85060351840&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, number={7}, journal={Tappi Journal}, author={Rice, M.C. and Pal, L. and Gonzalez, R. and Hubbe, M.A.}, year={2018}, pages={395–403} }
 @article{assis_houtman_phillips_bilek_rojas_pal_peresin_jameel_gonzalez_2017, title={Conversion Economics of Forest Biomaterials: Risk and Financial Analysis of CNC Manufacturing}, volume={11}, ISSN={["1932-1031"]}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-85020653487&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, DOI={10.1002/bbb.1782}, abstractNote={Abstract}, number={4}, journal={BIOFUELS BIOPRODUCTS & BIOREFINING-BIOFPR}, publisher={Wiley}, author={Assis, Camilla Abbati and Houtman, Carl and Phillips, Richard and Bilek, E. M. and Rojas, Orlando J. and Pal, Lokendra and Peresin, Maria Soledad and Jameel, Hasan and Gonzalez, Ronalds}, year={2017}, pages={682–700} }
 @inproceedings{de assis_gonzalez_rojas_2017, title={Conversion economics of forest-based nanomaterials financial & risk analysis to guide efficient R&D and investment}, volume={1}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-85048363130&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, booktitle={International Conference on Nanotechnology for Renewable Materials 2017}, author={De Assis, C.A. and Gonzalez, R. and Rojas, O.J.}, year={2017}, pages={383} }
 @article{de assis_houtman_phillips_bilek_rojas_pal_peresin_jameel_gonzalez_2017, title={Cover Image, Volume 11, Issue 4}, volume={11}, ISSN={1932-104X 1932-1031}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/BBB.1798}, DOI={10.1002/BBB.1798}, abstractNote={The cover image, by Camilla Abbati de Assis et al., is based on the Modeling and Analysis Conversion Economics of Forest Biomaterials: Risk and Financial Analysis of CNC Manufacturing, DOI: 10.1002/bbb.1782.
image
}, number={4}, journal={Biofuels, Bioproducts and Biorefining}, publisher={Wiley}, author={de Assis, Camilla Abbati and Houtman, Carl and Phillips, Richard and Bilek, E.M. (Ted) and Rojas, Orlando J. and Pal, Lokendra and Peresin, Maria Soledad and Jameel, Hasan and Gonzalez, Ronalds}, year={2017}, month={Jul}, pages={i-i} }
 @inproceedings{de assis_gonzalez_pawlak_2017, title={Fiber development to meet market challenges}, volume={2017-October}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-85051801909&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, booktitle={Tissue Conference and Expo 2017: The Power of TAPPI and RISI}, author={De Assis, T. and Gonzalez, R. and Pawlak, J.}, year={2017}, pages={140–146} }
 @article{assis_gonzalez_kelley_jameel_bilek_daystar_handfield_golden_prestemon_singh_et al._2017, title={Risk management consideration in the bioeconomy}, volume={11}, ISSN={1932-104X 1932-1031}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bbb.1765}, DOI={10.1002/bbb.1765}, abstractNote={Abstract}, number={3}, journal={Biofuels, Bioproducts and Biorefining}, publisher={Wiley}, author={Assis, C. A. and Gonzalez, R. and Kelley, S. and Jameel, H. and Bilek, T. and Daystar, J. and Handfield, R. and Golden, J. and Prestemon, J. and Singh, D. and et al.}, year={2017}, month={Apr}, pages={549–566} }
 @article{radics_gonzalez_bilek_kelley_2017, title={Systematic Review of Torrefied Wood Economics}, volume={12}, ISSN={["1930-2126"]}, DOI={10.15376/biores.12.3.radics}, abstractNote={This literature review aims to provide a systematic analysis of studies on the financial aspects of producing torrefied biomass and torrefied pellets. There are substantial differences in the specific technologies, operating conditions, scale of the demonstration, and properties of biomass feedstock. There is a lack of reports that consider the entire supply chain, which is required for an understanding of the high-cost steps. To obtain a robust view of the torrefaction processes’ financial prospects the authors have used both peer-reviewed and non-peer-reviewed papers that allowed the researchers to include thirty-one papers in this analysis. All these studies establish that the prices of the biomass and the final torrefied product are critical. The product yield and caloric content, which are related to pricing, were also key financial drivers. The lower freight costs due to high-energy density of the torrefied pellets was recognized and calculated, but some other benefits were not quantified. There is a need for a detailed and flexible torrefaction financial model that includes variations in financial assumptions and biomass properties. Given the uncertainty around many specific steps, there is value in including stochastic tools in these financial analyses.}, number={3}, journal={BIORESOURCES}, author={Radics, Robert I. and Gonzalez, Ronalds and Bilek, Edward M. and Kelley, Stephen S.}, year={2017}, pages={6868–6884} }
 @article{radics_gonzalez_bilek_kelley_2017, title={Systematic review of torrefied wood economics}, volume={12}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-85026780834&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, DOI={10.15376/biores.12.3.6868-6884}, number={3}, journal={BioResources}, author={Radics, R.I. and Gonzalez, R. and Bilek, E.M. and Kelley, S.S.}, year={2017}, pages={6868–6884} }
 @article{reeb_venditti_gonzalez_kelley_2016, title={Environmental LCA and Financial Analysis to Evaluate the Feasibility of Bio-based Sugar Feedstock Biomass Supply Globally: Part 2. Application of Multi-Criteria Decision-Making Analysis as a Method for Biomass Feedstock Comparisons}, volume={11}, ISSN={1930-2126}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.15376/biores.11.3.6062-6084}, DOI={10.15376/biores.11.3.6062-6084}, abstractNote={Early-stage evaluation of biofuel and bioproduct technologies is extremely complicated and involves many disparate feasibility criteria, including technical, financial, environmental, logistic, legal, social, and other aspects. Problems can arise for decision-makers when evaluating renewable technologies at this early stage due to bias, shifting preferences or priorities, occurrence of trade-offs, and decision-making complexity. Thus, a method is needed for evaluating disparate, typically non-comparable criteria concurrently. In Part 1 of this research, cradle-to-grave environmental LCA was conducted for biomass delivery to a biosugar refinery using Ecoinvent v2.2 data and the TRACI 2 impact assessment method for midpoint impacts. Biomass availability, delivered cost, sugar yield, transportation distance, harvestable months per year, and other aspects of supply chain feasibility were measured for eighteen feedstock biomass types. In Part 2, stochastic multi-attribute analysis (SMAA) was used alongside LCA to develop an environmental preference single-score probability distribution function for feedstock alternatives. Weighted single-scoring and ranking, using multi-criteria decision-making analysis (MCDA), was conducted considering five criteria of biomass supply feasibility: biomass delivered cost, biosugar yield, harvestable months, transport distance, and environmental preference single-score. Corn was shown to cost the most, followed by switchgrass and U.S. primary forest products. Transport distance was found to be highest for residues due to low yield per acre and low covered area. Results of MCDA show that Brazilian eucalyptus and Malaysian empty fruit bunch biomass types were consistently preferred relative to other biomass types. In the U.S., Genera biomass sorghum is most holistically preferred. It is shown that SMAA is helpful for translating LCA data for decision science. It was shown that MCDA can be useful for early-stage biorefinery technology commercialization decision-making, using the novel decision science tool described herein.}, number={3}, journal={BioResources}, publisher={BioResources}, author={Reeb, Carter Walker and Venditti, Richard and Gonzalez, Ronalds and Kelley, Stephen}, year={2016}, month={May}, pages={6062–6084} }
 @article{culbertson_treasure_venditti_jameel_gonzalez_2016, title={Life cycle assessment of lignin extraction in a softwood kraft pulp mill}, volume={31}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-84961677909&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, number={1}, journal={Nordic Pulp and Paper Research Journal}, author={Culbertson, C. and Treasure, T. and Venditti, R. and Jameel, H. and Gonzalez, R.}, year={2016}, pages={30–40} }
 @article{singh_cubbage_gonzalez_abt_2016, title={Locational determinants for wood pellet plants: A review and case study of North and South America}, volume={11}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-84988659920&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, DOI={10.15376/biores.11.3.Singh}, abstractNote={The European Union’s Renewable Energy Directive has led many electricity producers in Europe to use wood pellets in place of fossil fuels. North America has become one of the primary suppliers of wood pellets to Europe. This paper critically examines literature, economic models and data, as well as the supply chain and country risk factors, related to wood pellet production to anticipate where North and South American pellet mills should be built to meet Europe’s demand. Canada, the United States, and Brazil maintain the largest natural forest area, planted forest area, and industrial roundwood production; however, South American countries achieve faster plantation growth rates. The World Bank’s Logistic Procurement Index and IHS’s Country Risk Index were used to score and rank countries’ investment climates, based on their supply chain and risk factors. In this regard, the United States, Canada, and Chile performed best, in contrast to Venezuela, Bolivia, and Ecuador. When considering both wood supply and investment climates, the United States, Canada, and Chile were the most attractive countries to build a pellet mill, while countries, such as Argentina, Brazil, Colombia, Paraguay, and Peru present significant trade-offs between having significant wood resources and riskier investment climates.}, number={3}, journal={BioResources}, author={Singh, D. and Cubbage, F. and Gonzalez, R. and Abt, R.}, year={2016}, pages={7928–7952} }
 @misc{singh_cubbage_gonzalez_abt_2016, title={Locational determinants for wood pellet plants: A review and case study of North and South America}, volume={11}, number={3}, journal={BioResources}, author={Singh, D. and Cubbage, F. and Gonzalez, R. and Abt, R.}, year={2016}, pages={7928–7952} }
 @inproceedings{de assis_perrin_kirkman_lachenal_jameel_phillips_gonzalez_2016, title={Techno-economic analysis of ECF bleaching and TCF bleaching for a bleached eucalyptus kraft pulp mill}, volume={2}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-85015384647&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, booktitle={Pulping, Engineering, Environmental, Recycling, Sustainability Conference 2016, PEERS 2016}, author={De Assis, T. and Perrin, J. and Kirkman, A. and Lachenal, D. and Jameel, H. and Phillips, R. and Gonzalez, R.}, year={2016}, pages={847–857} }
 @article{reeb_venditti_hays_daystar_gonzalez_kelley_2015, title={Environmental LCA and financial analysis to evaluate the feasibility of bio-based sugar feedstock biomass supply globally: Part 1. supply chain analysis}, volume={10}, DOI={10.15376/biores.10.4.8098-8134}, abstractNote={Chemical production from crude oil represents a substantial percentage of the yearly fossil fuel use worldwide, and this could be partially offset by renewable feedstocks such as woody biomass and energy crops. Past techno-economic and environmental analyses have been conducted for isolated feedstocks on a regional or national scope. This study encompasses complete supply chain logistics analysis, delivered cost financial analysis, national availability, and environmental life cycle assessment (LCA) for 18 selected cellulosic feedstocks from around the world. A biochemical conversion route to monomeric sugars is assumed for estimated sugar yields and biosugar feedstock cost analysis. US corn grain was determined to have the highest delivered cost, while rice hulls in Indonesia resulted in the lowest cost of the feedstocks studied. Monomeric sugar yields from literature ranged from 358 kg BDMT-1 for US forest residues to 700 kg BDMT-1 for corn syrup. Environmental LCA was conducted in SimaPro using ecoinvent v2.2 data and the TRACI 2 impact assessment method for mid-point impacts cradle-to-incoming biorefinery gate. Carbon absorption during biomass growth contributed most substantially to the reduction of net global warming potential. Rice hulls and switchgrass resulted in the highest global warming potential, followed closely by corn and Thai sugarcane bagasse. Contribution analysis shows that chemical inputs such as fertilizer use contribute substantially to the net environmental impacts for these feedstocks.}, number={4}, journal={BioResources}, author={Reeb, C. W. and Venditti, Richard and Hays, T. and Daystar, J. and Gonzalez, Ronalds and Kelley, Stephen}, year={2015}, pages={8098–8134} }
 @article{daystar_treasure_reeb_venditti_gonzalez_kelley_2015, title={Environmental impacts of bioethanol using the NREL biochemical conversion route: multivariate analysis and single score results}, volume={9}, ISSN={1932-104X}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bbb.1553}, DOI={10.1002/bbb.1553}, abstractNote={Abstract}, number={5}, journal={Biofuels, Bioproducts and Biorefining}, publisher={Wiley}, author={Daystar, Jesse and Treasure, Trevor and Reeb, Carter and Venditti, Richard and Gonzalez, Ronalds and Kelley, Steve}, year={2015}, month={May}, pages={484–500} }
 @article{daystar_reeb_gonzalez_venditti_kelley_2015, title={Environmental life cycle impacts of cellulosic ethanol in the Southern U.S. produced from loblolly pine, eucalyptus, unmanaged hardwoods, forest residues, and switchgrass using a thermochemical conversion pathway}, volume={138}, ISSN={0378-3820}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/J.FUPROC.2015.04.019}, DOI={10.1016/j.fuproc.2015.04.019}, abstractNote={The cradle-to-grave environmental impacts of thermochemical ethanol from loblolly pine, eucalyptus, unmanaged hardwoods, forest residues, and switchgrass biomass feedstocks were determined and compared to gasoline. The Tool for the Reduction and Assessment of Chemical and Other Impacts (TRACI) method was implemented in SimaPro 7.3 to calculate midpoint environmental impacts. Two normalization value sets were used and weighting was performed to produce a single environmental score. Greenhouse gas (GHG) emission reductions of cellulosic ethanol as compared to gasoline were 65%–77%, depending on the biomass feedstock, qualifying these biofuels as cellulosic ethanol under the Renewable Fuel Standards (RFS2). Effects of direct land-use change were significant (~ 18%) and could increase the GHG emissions for switchgrass derived ethanol above the federal GHG reduction thresholds for cellulosic ethanol. The production and use of cellulosic ethanol reduced fossil fuel consumption by between 95% and 97% and by 81% for forest and switchgrass derived ethanol, respectively. Cellulosic ethanol, however, did not reduce all environmental impact categories (e.g., eutrophication, ozone depletion respiratory effects, acidification, and smog) compared to gasoline. The fuel scenario ranking from lowest impact to highest impact consistently remained the same for GHG emissions, fossil fuel use, and the two single weight score analysis methods and was, in ascending order, forest residues with no forest establishment burdens, forest residues with forest establishment burdens, natural hardwood, pine, switchgrass, and finally gasoline. The GHG emission reductions from the use of cellulosic ethanol at the renewable fuel standards mandated production volume of 16 billion gallons of cellulosic ethanol per year by 2020 would result in 9–10 billion metric tonnes of GHG emissions avoided.}, journal={Fuel Processing Technology}, publisher={Elsevier BV}, author={Daystar, Jesse and Reeb, Carter and Gonzalez, Ronalds and Venditti, Richard and Kelley, Stephen S.}, year={2015}, month={Oct}, pages={164–174} }
 @book{fritz_jeuck_salas_gonzalez_jameel_rojas_2015, title={Nanocellulose and proteins: Exploiting their interactions for production, immobilization, and synthesis of biocompatible materials}, volume={271}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-84959328261&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, DOI={10.1007/12_2015_322}, abstractNote={Nanocellulose has been used with promising results as reinforcement material in composites, many of which include hydrophobic polymers. However, the hydrophilic nature of nanocellulose can be better exploited in composites that incorporate high surface energy systems as well as in applications that can benefit from such properties. In fact, proteins can be ideal components in these cases. This paper reviews such aspects, which are based on the remarkable mechanical properties of nanocellulose. This material also exhibits low density, high aspect ratio, high surface area, and can be modified by substitution of its abundant hydroxyl groups. It also shows biocompatibility, low toxicity, and biodegradability. Convenient biotechnological methods for its production are of interest not only because of the possible reduction in processing energy but also because of positive environmental aspects. Thus, enzymatic treatments are favorable for effecting fiber deconstruction into nanocellulose. In addition to reviewing nanocellulose production by enzymatic routes, we discuss incorporation of enzyme activity to produce biodegradable systems for biomedical applications and food packaging. Related applications have distinctive features that take advantage of protein–cellulose interactions and the possibility of changing nanocellulose properties via enzymatic or protein treatments.}, journal={Advances in Polymer Science}, author={Fritz, C. and Jeuck, B. and Salas, C. and Gonzalez, R. and Jameel, H. and Rojas, O.J.}, year={2015}, pages={207–224} }
 @inproceedings{culbertson_venditti_jameel_gonzalez_phillips_2015, title={Techno-economic analyses of a Co-located succinic acid plant with a kraft pulp mill}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-84978722151&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, booktitle={International Bioenergy and Bioproducts Conference 2015, IBBC 2015: Leveraging Forest Biomass for Next Generation Fuels and Chemicals}, author={Culbertson, G. and Venditti, R. and Jameel, H. and Gonzalez, R. and Phillips, R.}, year={2015}, pages={345–364} }
 @article{daystar_treasure_gonzalez_reeb_venditti_kelley_2015, title={The NREL biochemical and thermochemical ethanol conversion processes: Financial and environmental analysis comparison}, volume={10}, DOI={10.15376/biores.10.3.5096-5116}, abstractNote={The financial and environmental performance of the National Renewable Energy Lab’s (NREL) thermochemical and biochemical biofuel conversion processes are examined herein with pine, eucalyptus, unmanaged hardwood, switchgrass, and sweet sorghum. The environmental impacts of the process scenarios were determined by quantifying greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and TRACI impacts. Integrated financial and environmental performance metrics were introduced and used to examine the biofuel production scenarios. The thermochemical and biochemical conversion processes produced the highest financial performance and lowest environmental impacts when paired with pine and sweet sorghum, respectively. The high ash content of switchgrass and high lignin content of loblolly pine lowered conversion yields, resulting in the highest environmental impacts and lowest financial performance for the thermochemical and biochemical conversion processes, respectively. Biofuel produced using the thermochemical conversion process resulted in lower TRACI single score impacts and somewhat lower GHG emissions per megajoule (MJ) of fuel than using the biochemical conversion pathway. The cost of carbon mitigation resulting from biofuel production and corresponding government subsidies was determined to be higher than the expected market carbon price. In some scenarios, the cost of carbon mitigation was several times higher than the market carbon price, indicating that there may be other more cost-effective methods of reducing carbon emissions.}, number={3}, journal={BioResources}, author={Daystar, J. and Treasure, T. and Gonzalez, Ronalds and Reeb, C. and Venditti, Richard and Kelley, Stephen}, year={2015}, pages={5096–5116} }
 @article{daystar_treasure_gonzalez_reeb_venditti_kelley_2015, title={The NREL biochemical and thermochemical ethanol conversion processes: Financial and environmental analysis comparison}, volume={10}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-85010657778&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, DOI={10.15376/biores.10.3.5083-5095}, abstractNote={The present research studied the acoustic properties of 40 oak timber samples (Quercus castaneifolia): the acoustic coefficient (K) and acoustic conversion efficiency (ACE) in free vibration mode, using the free-free bar method with different planes of vibration, i.e., tangential (LT) and radial (LR). These acoustic parameters were considered for both primary virgin wooden beams and modified beams carrying a single scarf joint in four different bonding angles (60°, 65°, 70°, and 75°), individually glued with two different adhesives (isocyanate and polyvinyl acetate). Comparing the acoustic properties of primary solid beams with scarf jointed beams of oak wood in LT and LR planes, the steeper joint angles of 70° and 75° did not result in any serious changes with polyvinyl acetate adhesive. Scarf-jointed beams with smaller joint angles (60° and 65°) had significant effect on the acoustic properties relative to larger angles. Thus, beams having larger joint angles and beams glued using polyvinyl acetate may have enhanced acoustic properties.}, number={3}, journal={BioResources}, author={Daystar, J. and Treasure, T. and Gonzalez, R. and Reeb, C. and Venditti, R. and Kelley, S.}, year={2015}, pages={5083–5095} }
 @article{chen_venditti_gonzalez_phillips_jameel_park_2014, title={Economic evaluation of the conversion of industrial paper sludge to ethanol}, volume={44}, ISSN={0140-9883}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eneco.2014.04.018}, DOI={10.1016/j.eneco.2014.04.018}, abstractNote={The conversion of industrial paper sludge to ethanol was simulated using engineering process simulation software loaded with laboratory generated conversion data and financially analyzed. In one scenario, sludge is fractionated to remove ash, generating a higher concentration carbohydrate stream for separate hydrolysis and fermentation (SHF). In a second scenario, non-fractionated sludge is processed with only pH adjustment. Four primary sludges from mills producing either virgin or recycled paper were analyzed and the experimental conversion results used to inform the simulations. Financial analysis was conducted assuming ethanol wholesale price of US$ 0.608 per liter. The most profitable case was fractionated virgin sludge (from a virgin paper mill) to ethanol (F-VK1) with a net present value (NPV) of US$ 11.4 million, internal rate of return (IRR) of 28%, payback period of 4.4 years and minimum ethanol revenue (MER) of US$ 0.32 per liter. Risk analysis showed that the F-VK1 case obtained a near 100% probability of business success with both central and bearish (pessimistic) assumptions.}, journal={Energy Economics}, publisher={Elsevier BV}, author={Chen, Hui and Venditti, Richard and Gonzalez, Ronalds and Phillips, Richard and Jameel, Hasan and Park, Sunkyu}, year={2014}, month={Jul}, pages={281–290} }
 @article{daystar_gonzalez_reeb_venditti_treasure_abt_kelley_2014, title={Economics, environmental impacts, and supply chain analysis of cellulosic biomass for biofuels in the Southern US: pine, eucalyptus, unmanaged hardwoods, forest residues, switchgrass, and sweet sorghum}, volume={9}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-84892498579&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, DOI={10.15376/biores.9.1.393-444}, abstractNote={The production of six regionally important cellulosic biomass feedstocks, including pine, eucalyptus, unmanaged hardwoods, forest residues, switchgrass, and sweet sorghum, was analyzed using consistent life cycle methodologies and system boundaries to identify feedstocks with the lowest cost and environmental impacts. Supply chain analysis was performed for each feedstock, calculating costs and supply requirements for the production of 453,592 dry tonnes of biomass per year. Cradle-to-gate environmental impacts from these modeled supply systems were quantified for nine mid-point indicators using SimaPro 7.2 LCA software. Conversion of grassland to managed forest for bioenergy resulted in large reductions in GHG emissions due to carbon uptake associated with direct land use change. By contrast, converting forests to cropland resulted in large increases in GHG emissions. Production of forest-based feedstocks for biofuels resulted in lower delivered cost, lower greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, and lower overall environmental impacts than the agricultural feedstocks studied. Forest residues had the lowest environmental impact and delivered cost per dry tonne. Using forest-based biomass feedstocks instead of agricultural feedstocks would result in lower cradle-to-gate environmental impacts and delivered biomass costs for biofuel production in the southern U.S.}, number={1}, journal={BioResources}, author={Daystar, J. and Gonzalez, R. and Reeb, C. and Venditti, R. and Treasure, T. and Abt, R. and Kelley, Stephen}, year={2014}, pages={393–444} }
 @article{cubbage_mac donagh_balmelli_morales olmos_bussoni_rubilar_de la torre_lord_huang_afonso hoeflich_et al._2014, title={Global timber investments and trends, 2005-2011}, volume={44}, ISSN={1179-5395}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1179-5395-44-s1-s7}, DOI={10.1186/1179-5395-44-S1-S7}, abstractNote={Prior research in 2005 and 2008 estimated planted forest investment returns for a set of countries and included some natural forest species in a few countries. This research has extended those analyses to a larger set of countries and focused on plantation species, for seven years. This research serves as a "benchmarking" exercise that helps identify comparative advantages among countries for timber investment returns, as well as other institutional, forestry, and policy factors that affect investments. Furthermore, it extends the analyses to examine the effects of land prices, environmental regulations, and increased productivity on timber investment returns, as well as comparing timber returns with traditional stock market returns. We estimated financial returns in 2005, 2008, and 2011 for a range of global timber plantation species and countries, using net present value (NPV), internal rate of return (IRR), and Land Expectation Value (LEV)--or the Faustmann Formula--as criteria. Per the Faustmann approach, we excluded land costs initially, using a common real discount rate of 8% for all species in all countries to make equivalent comparisons. Returns for exotic plantations in almost all of South America--Brazil, Argentina, Uruguay, Chile, Colombia, Venezuela, and Paraguay--were substantial, as well as in China. In 2011, returns for Eucalyptus species were generally greater than those for Pinus species in each country, with most having IRRs of 14% per year or more. The IRRs for Pinus species in South America were slightly less, ranging from 8% to 12%, except for Brazil, where they were 19% to 23%. Internal rates of return ranged from 5% to 12% for plantations of coniferous or deciduous species in China, South Africa, New Zealand, Australia, Mexico, and the United States. Although lower than returns from South America, these would still be attractive to forest investors. Land costs and environmental regulations reduced plantation investment returns for all the countries studied, but the largest reductions were observed in South America. However, net returns these remained greater than for plantations in temperate forests. Trend analyses indicated that Brazil had the greatest increase in timber investment returns during the period examined; returns in other southern hemisphere countries remained fairly stable; and the US South had substantial decreases in returns. New Zealand, Australia, the United States, Chile, and Mexico had the best rankings regarding risk from political, commercial, or government actions and for the ease of doing business. Conversely, Venezuela, Colombia, and Argentina had high risk ratings, and Brazil and Venezuela were ranked as more difficult countries for ease of business. Recent government actions in several countries in South America, except Colombia, have discouraged foreign investments in agricultural land, which has adversely affected forestry as well. Timber-land investments fared well in comparison to USA equity or debt annual returns from 2000 to 2011. Past timber-land investors appear to making excellent returns now based on cheap land costs decades ago; new investments in most countries and plantation species will have smaller rates of return, but still compare favourably with traditional asset classes.}, number={Suppl 1}, journal={New Zealand Journal of Forestry Science}, publisher={Scion}, author={Cubbage, Frederick and Mac Donagh, Patricio and Balmelli, Gustavo and Morales Olmos, Virginia and Bussoni, Adriana and Rubilar, Rafael and De La Torre, Rafael and Lord, Roger and Huang, Jin and Afonso Hoeflich, Vitor and et al.}, year={2014}, pages={S7} }
 @article{treasure_gonzalez_jameel_phillips_park_kelley_2014, title={Integrated conversion, financial, and risk modeling of cellulosic ethanol from woody and non-woody biomass via dilute acid pre-treatment}, volume={8}, ISSN={1932-104X}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bbb.1494}, DOI={10.1002/bbb.1494}, abstractNote={Abstract}, number={6}, journal={Biofuels, Bioproducts and Biorefining}, publisher={Wiley}, author={Treasure, Trevor and Gonzalez, Ronalds and Jameel, Hasan and Phillips, Richard B. and Park, Sunkyu and Kelley, Steve}, year={2014}, month={May}, pages={755–769} }
 @article{horhammer_treasure_gonzalez_heiningen_2014, title={Larch Biorefinery: Technical and Economic Evaluation}, volume={53}, ISSN={["0888-5885"]}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-84893003854&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, DOI={10.1021/ie403653j}, abstractNote={In this study a forest biorefinery concept based on larch wood was technically and economically evaluated. Two slightly different cases of a larch-based biorefinery were compared to conventional kraft pulping. The wood chips of Larix sibirica (Lebed.) were pre-extracted (PE) and washed with water prior to pulping, in order to generate an additional sugar side-stream. The sugars were hydrolyzed into monosugars, which were then fermented by Bacillus coagulans into lactic acid. The lactic acid needs to be purified before sold to the market. By pulping the pre-extracted wood chips with anthraquinone (AQ) and polysulfide (PS), the pulp yield loss was reduced. The pulp was then bleached (O-D0-Ep-D1-P). The products of this larch biorefinery are bleached softwood pulp and lactic acid. Three process cases were simulated: conventional kraft pulping, PE-PSAQ with 0.5% PS, and PE-PSAQ with 2% PS, in terms of mass and energy balances. Considering the availability of larch resources, this kind of a biorefinery could s...}, number={3}, journal={INDUSTRIAL & ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY RESEARCH}, author={Horhammer, Hanna S. and Treasure, Trevor H. and Gonzalez, Ronalds W. and Heiningen, Adriaan R. P.}, year={2014}, month={Jan}, pages={1206–1213} }
 @inproceedings{culbertson_treasure_venditti_jameel_phillips_gonzalez_2014, title={Process & financial modeling of lignin extraction in a kraft pulp mill}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-84969143038&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, booktitle={PEERS Conference 2014}, author={Culbertson, C.G. and Treasure, T. and Venditti, R. and Jameel, H. and Phillips, R. and Gonzalez, R.}, year={2014}, pages={803–818} }
 @article{reeb_hays_venditti_gonzalez_kelley_2014, title={Supply Chain Analysis, Delivered Cost, and Life Cycle Assessment of Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunch Biomass for Green Chemical Production in Malaysia}, volume={9}, ISSN={1930-2126}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.15376/biores.9.3.5385-5416}, DOI={10.15376/biores.9.3.5385-5416}, abstractNote={Financial, environmental, and supply chain analyses of empty fruit bunch (EFB) biomass are needed for the development of a sustainable green chemicals industry in Malaysia. Herein, holistic analysis of the supply system and EFB life cycle cradle-to-gate are analyzed in an effort to make recommendations for the commercial-scale collection and delivery of EFB from crude palm oil (CPO) extraction facilities to biorefineries in Malaysia. Supply chain modeling tracked inputs and outputs for financial analysis. The openLCA software was used for life cycle assessment (LCA). Allocation scenarios were used to explore the impact of accounting methodologies on the competitiveness of EFB compared to other feedstocks. Sensitivity analysis on the effect of transportation distance, emission flows, and allocation methods on resulting environmental impacts were conducted. The No Burden, Economic, and Mass allocation scenarios resulted in 17, -2.3, and -265 kg CO2-eq. BD tonne-1 EFB global warming impacts (GW), respectively. Delivered cost for EFB was calculated to be approximately 45 US$ BD tonne-1. Environmental burdens were sensitive to allocation scenario, covered area, and land use change. Delivered cost was sensitive to transport distance, covered area, and yield. It was shown that there is sufficient Malaysia EFB available for between 9 and 28 biorefineries, depending upon the scale of production.}, number={3}, journal={BioResources}, publisher={BioResources}, author={Reeb, Carter Walker and Hays, Tyler and Venditti, Richard A. and Gonzalez, Ronalds and Kelley, Steve}, year={2014}, month={Jul}, pages={5385–5416} }
 @article{pu_treasure_gonzalez_venditti_jameel_2013, title={Autohydrolysis Pretreatment of Mixed Softwood to Produce Value Prior to Combustion}, volume={6}, ISSN={1939-1234 1939-1242}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12155-013-9343-2}, DOI={10.1007/s12155-013-9343-2}, number={3}, journal={BioEnergy Research}, publisher={Springer Science and Business Media LLC}, author={Pu, Yan and Treasure, Trevor and Gonzalez, Ronalds and Venditti, Richard A. and Jameel, Hasan}, year={2013}, month={Jun}, pages={1094–1103} }
 @article{daystar_venditti_gonzalez_jameel_jett_reeb_2013, title={Impacts of feedstock composition on alcohol yields and greenhouse gas emissions from the NREL thermochemical ethanol conversion process}, volume={8}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-84887201884&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, DOI={10.15376/biores.8.4.5261-5278}, abstractNote={There has been great attention focused on the effects of first and second generation biofuels on global warming. The Energy Independence and Security Act (EISA) and the Renewable Fuel Standard (RFS) have mandated production levels and performance criteria of biofuels in the United States. The thermochemical conversion of biomass to ethanol shows potential as a biofuel production pathway. The objective of this research was to examine the alcohol yields and GHG emissions from the thermochemical conversion process for six different feedstocks on a gate-to-gate basis. GHG analyses and life cycle assessments were performed for natural hardwood, loblolly pine, eucalyptus, miscanthus, corn stover, and switchgrass feedstocks using a NREL thermochemical model and SimaPro. Alcohol yield and GHG emission for the hybrid poplar baseline feedstock conversion were 105,400 L dry metric ton−1 and 2.8 kg CO2 eq. per liter, respectively. Compared with the baseline, loblolly pine produced the highest alcohol yields, an 8.5% increase, and the lowest GHG emissions per liter of ethanol, a 9.1% decrease. Corn stover, due to its high ash content, had the lowest yields and the highest GHG emissions per liter of ethanol. The results were highly sensitive to the ash and water content of the biomass, indicating that biomass properties can significantly affect the environmental impact of the thermochemical ethanol conversion process.}, number={4}, journal={BioResources}, author={Daystar, J. S. and Venditti, Richard and Gonzalez, R. and Jameel, H. and Jett, M. and Reeb, C. W.}, year={2013}, pages={5261–5278} }
 @article{pirraglia_gonzalez_denig_saloni_2013, title={Technical and Economic Modeling for the Production of Torrefied Lignocellulosic Biomass for the U.S. Densified Fuel Industry}, volume={6}, ISSN={["1939-1242"]}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-84873742159&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, DOI={10.1007/s12155-012-9255-6}, number={1}, journal={BIOENERGY RESEARCH}, author={Pirraglia, Adrian and Gonzalez, Ronalds and Denig, Joseph and Saloni, Daniel}, year={2013}, month={Mar}, pages={263–275} }
 @article{pirraglia_gonzalez_saloni_denig_2013, title={Technical and economic assessment for the production of torrefied ligno-cellulosic biomass pellets in the US}, volume={66}, ISSN={["1879-2227"]}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-84869877729&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, DOI={10.1016/j.enconman.2012.09.024}, abstractNote={Manufacturing and trade of wood pellets in the United States (US) has seen an exponential growth in the last few years, triggered by its potential utilization in applications typically dominated by fossil fuels, such as heat, power, and combined cycle generation. This combination holds the promise of delivering a high density, high heat value fuel, making it a better substitute for coal and other fossil fuels. This combined process exists only at pilot-plant levels. Scale-up of the technology and feasibility of such projects remain largely unexplored. This research developed a techno-economic model for the production of torrefied wood pellets, considering critical production parameters, and evaluating sensitivity to changes in CAPEX (Capital Expenditure), biomass delivered costs, labor, and energy consumption of a facility, evaluated through a case-study. Results indicated that biomass delivered costs and depreciation are the most significant factors influencing production with CAPEX being the most sensitive variable due to high investments in torrefaction reactors. The selection of different torrefaction technologies, and adequate binders, may represent a major improvement in the feasibility of a project by reducing capital costs drastically. Back-calculated price for torrefied wood pellets is $261/metric ton (100,000 metric tons/year facility), and delivered price may reach $282/metric ton, a similar cost compared to regular pellets. Preliminary analysis of carbon credits as additional income may considerably increase the likeability of the business, and further enhance profitability.}, journal={ENERGY CONVERSION AND MANAGEMENT}, author={Pirraglia, Adrian and Gonzalez, Ronalds and Saloni, Daniel and Denig, Joseph}, year={2013}, month={Feb}, pages={153–164} }
 @article{pirraglia_gonzalez_denig_saloni_wright_2012, title={Assessment of the most adequate pre-treatments and woody biomasses intended for direct co-firing in the U.S}, volume={7}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-84872805696&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, DOI={10.15376/biores.7.4.4817-4842}, abstractNote={There is increasing interest in replacing coal with woody biomass in co-firing plants for electrical power. A variety of pre-treatments can be used to make biomass more suitable for co-firing. This research presents a model that evaluates the delivered costs of various pre-treated biomass sources, electricity production costs, and constraints, and calculates a least cost mix. Results of the scenario presented indicate that wood chips are the most economical co-firing option for delivering biomass to direct-fired boilers. Apart from potential feeding and processing issues, the wood-chips options of forest residues present the lowest cost of electricity production for small-scale co-firing applications. From the options that will ensure minimum processing issues in the co-firing cycle, wood pellets from southern yellow pine represent the most economical choice. Based on coal displacement from the facility, torrefied wood pellets from southern yellow pine is a preferred option as compared to other choices evaluated. An alternative to torrefied wood pellets from southern yellow pine is dark torrefied Eucalyptus benthamii, providing similar electricity production costs while reducing coal utilization.}, number={4}, journal={BioResources}, author={Pirraglia, A. and Gonzalez, R. and Denig, J. and Saloni, D. and Wright, J.}, year={2012}, pages={4817–4842} }
 @article{treasure_gonzalez_venditti_pu_jameel_kelley_prestemon_2012, title={Co-production of electricity and ethanol, process economics of value prior combustion}, volume={62}, ISSN={0196-8904}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.enconman.2012.04.002}, DOI={10.1016/j.enconman.2012.04.002}, abstractNote={A process economic analysis of co-producing bioethanol and electricity (value prior to combustion) from mixed southern hardwood and southern yellow pine is presented. Bioethanol is produced by extracting carbohydrates from wood via autohydrolysis, membrane separation of byproducts, enzymatic hydrolysis of extracted oligomers and fermentation to ethanol. The residual solids after autohydrolysis are pressed and burned in a power boiler to generate steam and electricity. A base case scenario of biomass combustion to produce electricity is presented as a reference to understand the basics of bio-power generation economics. For the base case, minimum electricity revenue of $70–$96/MWh must be realized to achieve a 6–12% internal rate of return. In the alternative co-production cases, the ethanol facility is treated as a separate business entity that purchases power and steam from the biomass power plant. Minimum ethanol revenue required to achieve a 12% internal rate of return was estimated to be $0.84–$1.05/l for hardwood and $0.74–$0.85/l for softwood. Based on current market conditions and an assumed future ethanol selling price of $0.65/l, the co-production of cellulosic bioethanol and power does not produce financeable returns. A risk analysis indicates that there is a probability of 26.6% to achieve an internal rate of return equal or higher than 12%. It is suggested that focus be placed on improving yield and reducing CAPEX before this technology can be applied commercially. This modeling approach is a robust method to evaluate economic feasibility of integrated production of bio-power and other products based on extracted hemicellulose.}, journal={Energy Conversion and Management}, publisher={Elsevier BV}, author={Treasure, T. and Gonzalez, R. and Venditti, R. and Pu, Y. and Jameel, H. and Kelley, S. and Prestemon, Jeffrey}, year={2012}, month={Oct}, pages={141–153} }
 @article{gonzalez_daystar_jett_treasure_jameel_venditti_phillips_2012, title={Economics of cellulosic ethanol production in a thermochemical pathway for softwood, hardwood, corn stover and switchgrass}, volume={94}, ISSN={0378-3820}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fuproc.2011.10.003}, DOI={10.1016/j.fuproc.2011.10.003}, abstractNote={The economics of producing cellulosic ethanol using loblolly pine, natural mixed hardwood, Eucalyptus, corn stover, and switchgrass as feedstocks was simulated in Aspen Plus using the thermochemical process via indirect gasification and mixed alcohol synthesis developed by NREL. Outputs from the simulation were linked to an economic analysis spreadsheet to estimate NPV, IRR, payback and to run further sensitivity analysis of the different combinations of feedstocks. Results indicate that forest-based feedstocks including loblolly pine, natural hardwood and eucalyptus may present more attractive financial returns when compared to switchgrass and corn stover, mainly due to their composition (%C, %H, %ash) and alcohol yield. Simulated alcohol yields from forest-based feedstock were significantly higher than from switchgrass and corn stover. Simulations run with switchgrass and corn stover, also demonstrated greater sensitivity to changes in ethanol price, alcohol yield, capital investment and biomass costs. Furthermore, moisture content of receiving feedstocks greatly affected the economics of the biorefinery. A difference of − 10% in the moisture content of the receiving feedstock affected the NPV of the simulated project by + 25% (with respect to central NPV of ~$192 million).}, number={1}, journal={Fuel Processing Technology}, publisher={Elsevier BV}, author={Gonzalez, R. and Daystar, J. and Jett, M. and Treasure, T. and Jameel, H. and Venditti, R. and Phillips, R.}, year={2012}, month={Feb}, pages={113–122} }
 @inproceedings{chen_gonzalez_phillips_venditti_jameel_park_2012, title={Exploring the potential of paper industry sludges for ethanol production}, booktitle={Proceeding of the 4th International Conference on Pulping, Papermaking and Biotechnology (ICPPB '12), vols. I and II}, author={Chen, H. and Gonzalez, R. and Phillips, R. and Venditti, R. and Jameel, H. and Park, S.}, year={2012}, pages={1040–1043} }
 @article{pirraglia_gonzalez_saloni_wright_denig_2012, title={Fuel properties and suitability of Eucalyptus benthamii and Eucalyptus macarthurii for torrefied wood and pellets}, volume={7}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-84859062947&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, number={1}, journal={BioResources}, author={Pirraglia, A. and Gonzalez, R. and Saloni, D. and Wright, J. and Denig, J.}, year={2012}, pages={217–235} }
 @article{santos_treasure_gonzalez_phillips_lee_jameel_chang_2012, title={Impact of hardwood species on production cost of second generation ethanol}, volume={117}, ISSN={["1873-2976"]}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-84861134453&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, DOI={10.1016/j.biortech.2012.04.083}, abstractNote={The present work targeted the understanding of the influence of nine different hardwood species as feedstock on ethanol production yield and costs. It was found that the minimum ethanol revenue (MER) ($ per gallon to the producer) to achieve a 12% internal rate of return (IRR) on invested capital was smaller for low lignin content samples and the influence of species characteristics remained restricted to high residual lignin content. We show that if the pretreatment being applied to the feedstock targets or is limited to low lignin removal, one can expect the species to have a significant impact on overall economics, playing important role to project success. This study also showed a variation of up to 40% in relative MER among hardwood species, where maple, globulus and sweet gum varied the least. Sensitivity analysis showed ethanol yield per ton of feedstock had the largest influence in MER, followed by CAPEX.}, journal={BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY}, author={Santos, Ricardo B. and Treasure, Trevor and Gonzalez, Ronalds and Phillips, Richard and Lee, Jung Myoung and Jameel, Hasan and Chang, Hou-min}, year={2012}, month={Aug}, pages={193–200} }
 @article{daystar_reeb_venditti_gonzalez_puettmann_2012, title={Life-Cycle Assessment of Bioethanol from Pine Residues via Indirect Biomass Gasification to Mixed Alcohols}, volume={62}, ISSN={0015-7473}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.13073/FPJ-D-12-00025.1}, DOI={10.13073/fpj-d-12-00025.1}, abstractNote={Abstract The goal of this study was to estimate the greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and fossil energy requirements from the production and use (cradle-to-grave) of bioethanol produced from the indirect gasification thermochemical conversion of loblolly pine (Pinus taeda) residues. Additional impact categories (acidification and eutrophication) were also analyzed. Of the life-cycle stages, the thermochemical fuel production and biomass growth stages resulted in the greatest environmental impact for the bioethanol product life cycle. The GHG emissions from fuel transportation and process chemicals used in the thermochemical conversion process were minor (less than 1 percent of conversion emissions). The net GHG emissions over the bioethanol life cycle, cradle-to-grave, was 74 percent less than gasoline of an equal energy content, meeting the 60 percent minimum reduction requirement of the Renewable Fuels Standard to qualify as an advanced (second generation) biofuel. Also, bioethanol had a 72 percent lower a...}, number={4}, journal={Forest Products Journal}, publisher={Forest Products Society}, author={Daystar, Jesse and Reeb, Carter and Venditti, Richard and Gonzalez, Ronalds and Puettmann, Maureen E.}, year={2012}, month={Jul}, pages={314–325} }
 @article{pu_treasure_gonzalez_venditti_jameel_2011, title={Autohydrolysis pretreatment of mixed hardwoods to extract value prior to combustion}, volume={6}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-84856505375&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, number={4}, journal={BioResources}, author={Pu, Y. and Treasure, T. and Gonzalez, R. and Venditti, R. and Jameel, H.}, year={2011}, pages={4856–4870} }
 @article{gonzalez_phillips_saloni_jameel_abt_pirraglia_wright_2011, title={Biomass to energy in the Southern United States: Supply chain and delivered cost}, volume={6}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-80051571306&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, number={3}, journal={BioResources}, author={Gonzalez, R. and Phillips, R. and Saloni, D. and Jameel, H. and Abt, R. and Pirraglia, A. and Wright, J.}, year={2011}, pages={2954–2976} }
 @article{gonzalez_treasure_phillips_jameel_saloni_abt_wright_2011, title={Converting Eucalyptus biomass into ethanol: Financial and sensitivity analysis in a co-current dilute acid process. Part II}, volume={35}, ISSN={0961-9534}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biombioe.2010.10.025}, DOI={10.1016/j.biombioe.2010.10.025}, abstractNote={The technical and financial performance of high yield Eucalyptus biomass in a co-current dilute acid pretreatment followed by enzymatic hydrolysis process was simulated using WinGEMS® and Excel®. Average ethanol yield per dry Mg of Eucalyptus biomass was approximately 347.6 L of ethanol (with average carbohydrate content in the biomass around 66.1%) at a cost of $0.49 L−1 of ethanol, cash cost of ∼ $0.46 L−1 and CAPEX of $1.03 L−1 of ethanol. The main cost drivers are: biomass, enzyme, tax, fuel (gasoline), depreciation and labor. Profitability of the process is very sensitive to biomass cost, carbohydrate content (%) in biomass and enzyme cost. Biomass delivered cost was simulated and financially evaluated in Part I; here in Part II the conversion of this raw material into cellulosic ethanol using the dilute acid process is evaluated.}, number={2}, journal={Biomass and Bioenergy}, publisher={Elsevier BV}, author={Gonzalez, R. and Treasure, T. and Phillips, R. and Jameel, H. and Saloni, D. and Abt, R. and Wright, J.}, year={2011}, month={Feb}, pages={767–772} }
 @article{gonzalez_treasure_phillips_jameel_saloni_2011, title={Economics of cellulosic ethanol production: Green liquor pretreatment for softwood and hardwood, greenfield and repurpose scenarios}, volume={6}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-80051553281&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, number={3}, journal={BioResources}, author={Gonzalez, R. and Treasure, T. and Phillips, R. and Jameel, H. and Saloni, D.}, year={2011}, pages={2551–2567} }
 @article{gonzalez_treasure_wright_saloni_phillips_abt_jameel_2011, title={Exploring the potential of Eucalyptus for energy production in the Southern United States: Financial analysis of delivered biomass. Part I}, volume={35}, ISSN={["0961-9534"]}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-78650762982&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, DOI={10.1016/j.biombioe.2010.10.011}, abstractNote={Eucalyptus plantations in the Southern United States offer a viable feedstock for renewable bioenergy. Delivered cost of eucalypt biomass to a bioenergy facility was simulated in order to understand how key variables affect biomass delivered cost. Three production rates (16.8, 22.4 and 28.0 Mg ha−1 y−1, dry weight basis) in two investment scenarios were compared in terms of financial analysis, to evaluate the effect of productivity and land investment on the financial indicators of the project. Delivered cost of biomass was simulated to range from $55.1 to $66.1 per delivered Mg (with freight distance of 48.3 km from plantation to biorefinery) depending on site productivity (without considering land investment) at 6% IRR. When land investment was included in the analysis, delivered biomass cost increased to range from $65.0 to $79.4 per delivered Mg depending on site productivity at 6% IRR. Conversion into cellulosic ethanol might be promising with biomass delivered cost lower than $66 Mg−1. These delivered costs and investment analysis show that Eucalyptus plantations are a potential biomass source for bioenergy production for Southern U.S.}, number={2}, journal={BIOMASS & BIOENERGY}, author={Gonzalez, R. and Treasure, T. and Wright, J. and Saloni, D. and Phillips, R. and Abt, R. and Jameel, H.}, year={2011}, month={Feb}, pages={755–766} }
 @article{gonzalez_jameel_chang_treasure_pirraglia_saloni_2011, title={Thermo-mechanical pulping as a pretreatment for agricultural biomass for biochemical conversion}, volume={6}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-79953761813&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, number={2}, journal={BioResources}, author={Gonzalez, R. and Jameel, H. and Chang, H.-M. and Treasure, T. and Pirraglia, A. and Saloni, D.}, year={2011}, pages={1599–1614} }
 @article{cubbage_koesbandana_mac donagh_rubilar_balmelli_morales olmos_de la torre_murara_hoeflich_kotze_et al._2010, title={Global timber investments, wood costs, regulation, and risk}, volume={34}, ISSN={0961-9534}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biombioe.2010.05.008}, DOI={10.1016/j.biombioe.2010.05.008}, abstractNote={We estimated financial returns and wood production costs in 2008 for the primary timber plantation species. Excluding land costs, returns for exotic plantations in almost all of South America – Brazil, Argentina, Uruguay, Chile, Colombia, Venezuela, and Paraguay – were substantial. Eucalyptus species returns were generally greater than those for Pinus species in each country, with most having Internal Rates of Return (IRRs) of 20% per year or more, as did teak. Pinus species in South America were generally closer to 15%, except in Argentina, where they were 20%. IRRs were less, but still attractive for plantations of coniferous or deciduous species in China, South Africa, New Zealand, Indonesia, and the United States, ranging from 7% to 12%. Costs of wood production at the cost of capital of 8% per year were generally cheapest for countries with high rates of return and for pulpwood fiber production, which would favor vertically integrated firms in Latin America. But wood costs at stumpage market prices were much greater, making net wood costs for open market wood more similar among countries. In the Americas, Chile and Brazil had the most regulatory components of sustainable forest management, followed by Misiones, Argentina and Oregon in the U.S. New Zealand, the United States, and Chile had the best rankings regarding risk from political, commercial, war, or government actions and for the ease of doing business. Conversely, Venezuela, Indonesia, Colombia, and Argentina had high risk ratings, and Brazil, Indonesia, and Venezuela were ranked as more difficult countries for ease of business.}, number={12}, journal={Biomass and Bioenergy}, publisher={Elsevier BV}, author={Cubbage, Frederick and Koesbandana, Sadharga and Mac Donagh, Patricio and Rubilar, Rafael and Balmelli, Gustavo and Morales Olmos, Virginia and De La Torre, Rafael and Murara, Mauro and Hoeflich, Vitor Afonso and Kotze, Heynz and et al.}, year={2010}, month={Dec}, pages={1667–1678} }
 @article{dasmohapatra_gonzalez_2010, title={Hardwood lumber buyer purchase attributes and relationships with suppliers}, volume={60}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-78149270478&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, DOI={10.13073/0015-7473-60.3.266}, abstractNote={The purpose of this study was to examine product and supplier attributes that influence purchase decisions of hardwood lumber buyers in the United States. Specifically, this article explores the in...}, number={3}, journal={Forest Products Journal}, author={Dasmohapatra, S. and Gonzalez, Ronalds}, year={2010}, pages={266–272} }
 @inproceedings{gonzalez_saloni_phillips_jameel_kelley_2010, title={Sustainable biofuels production: A supply chain and economic analysis}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-78751485016&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, booktitle={AIChE Annual Meeting, Conference Proceedings}, author={Gonzalez, R. and Saloni, D. and Phillips, R. and Jameel, H. and Kelley, S.}, year={2010} }
 @inproceedings{treasure_gonzalez_jameel_phillips_2010, title={Technical and economic analysis of cellulosic ethanol production from mixed southern hardwoods using green liquor pretreatment}, volume={3}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-79956043260&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, booktitle={2010 TAPPI PEERS Conference and 9th Research Forum on Recycling}, author={Treasure, T. and Gonzalez, R. and Jameel, H. and Phillips, R.}, year={2010}, pages={2110–2145} }
 @article{pirraglia_gonzalez_saloni_2010, title={Techno-economical analysis of wood pellets production for U.S. manufacturers}, volume={5}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-80051566749&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, number={4}, journal={BioResources}, author={Pirraglia, A. and Gonzalez, R. and Saloni, D.}, year={2010}, pages={2374–2390} }
 @article{gonzález_dasmohapatra_carrero-g_saloni_2008, title={Area report: Venezuela}, volume={3}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-44649115245&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, number={4}, journal={Paper360}, author={González, R. and Dasmohapatra, S. and Carrero-G, O. and Saloni, D.}, year={2008}, pages={50–51} }
 @article{gonzalez_saloni_dasmohapatra_cubbage_2008, title={South America: Industrial roundwood supply potential}, volume={3}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-46649106962&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, number={1}, journal={BioResources}, author={Gonzalez, R.W. and Saloni, D. and Dasmohapatra, S. and Cubbage, F.}, year={2008}, pages={255–269} }
 @article{dasmohapatra_gonzalez_2007, title={South America: The future looks sunny}, volume={2}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-36749069433&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, number={9}, journal={Paper360}, author={Dasmohapatra, S. and Gonzalez, R.W.}, year={2007}, pages={32–33} }
 @article{seed production of gmelina arborea by controlled pollination_2004, volume={28}, url={http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-4544369128&partnerID=MN8TOARS}, DOI={10.1023/B:NEFO.0000040943.56887.30}, number={2-3}, journal={New Forests}, year={2004}, pages={167–177} }