Sara Louise Zahler

usage-based linguistics, language variation and change, additional language acquisition, sociolinguistics, morphosyntax, heritage language acquisition, individual differences, working memory

I am an Assistant Professor of Spanish at North Carolina State University. My research focuses on how languages vary and change over time. I study first, additional, and heritage languages, adopting a usage-based perspective grounded in the view that the cognitive processes underlying first language and use also apply to the learning and use of additional and heritage languages. more

Works (21)

Updated: November 17th, 2025 10:56

2025 article

University Spanish instructors’ trill production within and outside of the language classroom

Zahler, S. L., Daidone, D., & Kuder, E. (2025, June 26). Issues in Hispanic and Lusophone Linguistics.

By: S. Zahler n , D. Daidone * & E. Kuder *

topics (OpenAlex): EFL/ESL Teaching and Learning; Second Language Learning and Teaching; Discourse Analysis in Language Studies
Source: ORCID
Added: June 26, 2025

2024 article

Diferencias dialectales en el orden de palabras en las construcciones de más + palabrasnegativas

Bonilla-Conejo, M., Bonet, E. C., Tolentino, R. L., Sims, E., & Zahler, S. (2024, December 31). Spanish in Context, Vol. 1.

By: M. Bonilla-Conejo*, E. Bonet *, R. Tolentino*, E. Sims* & S. Zahler n 

author keywords: sociolinguistics; morphosyntax; word order; negation; dialectal variation; sociolinguistics; morphosyntax; word order; negation; dialectal variation
topics (OpenAlex): Spanish Linguistics and Language Studies; Linguistic Variation and Morphology; Phonetics and Phonology Research
UN Sustainable Development Goals Color Wheel
UN Sustainable Development Goal Categories
4. Quality Education (OpenAlex)
Sources: Web Of Science, ORCID, NC State University Libraries
Added: January 21, 2025

2024 article

The present progressive as a future marker in Spanish, English, and Spanish in contact with English

Zahler, S. L., & Tolentino, R. L. (2024, September 25). Issues in Hispanic and Lusophone Linguistics, Vol. 41, pp. 151–171.

By: S. Zahler n  & R. Tolentino*

author keywords: bilingualism; language contact; future; variation
topics (OpenAlex): Linguistic Variation and Morphology; Linguistics, Language Diversity, and Identity; Language, Discourse, Communication Strategies
Sources: Web Of Science, ORCID, NC State University Libraries
Added: February 24, 2025

2023 article

Individual differences do not affect trill variation by advancedlearners of Spanish

Zahler, S. L., & Daidone, D. (2023, May 17). Issues in Hispanic and Lusophone Linguistics.

By: S. Zahler*  & D. Daidone *

topics (OpenAlex): Phonetics and Phonology Research; Linguistic Variation and Morphology; Speech and dialogue systems
UN Sustainable Development Goals Color Wheel
UN Sustainable Development Goal Categories
4. Quality Education (OpenAlex)
Source: ORCID
Added: March 21, 2025

2023 article

Introduction

Zahler, S. L., Long, A. Y., & Linford, B. (2023, May 12). Issues in Hispanic and Lusophone Linguistics.

By: S. Zahler* , A. Long * & B. Linford *

topics (OpenAlex): Linguistic Variation and Morphology; Language, Discourse, Communication Strategies; Syntax, Semantics, Linguistic Variation
Source: ORCID
Added: March 21, 2025

2023 article

Learning context and the development of second languageSpanish

Zahler, S. L., & Whatley, M. E. (2023, May 12). Issues in Hispanic and Lusophone Linguistics.

By: S. Zahler*  & M. Whatley

topics (OpenAlex): EFL/ESL Teaching and Learning; Multilingual Education and Policy; Second Language Learning and Teaching
UN Sustainable Development Goals Color Wheel
UN Sustainable Development Goal Categories
4. Quality Education (OpenAlex)
Source: ORCID
Added: March 21, 2025

2023 article

Some Issues in Usage‐Based Methods

ZAHLER, S. A. R. A. (2023, July 7). The Handbook of Usage‐Based Linguistics.

By: S. Zahler* 

topics (OpenAlex): Linguistic Variation and Morphology; Phonetics and Phonology Research; Natural Language Processing Techniques
UN Sustainable Development Goals Color Wheel
UN Sustainable Development Goal Categories
4. Quality Education (OpenAlex)
Source: ORCID
Added: March 21, 2025

2023 article

Study Abroad and the Second Language Acquisition of SociolinguisticVariation in Spanish

(2023, May 12). Issues in Hispanic and Lusophone Linguistics.

Sara Zahler

topics (OpenAlex): Spanish Linguistics and Language Studies; Linguistic Variation and Morphology; Linguistic Studies and Language Acquisition
UN Sustainable Development Goals Color Wheel
UN Sustainable Development Goal Categories
4. Quality Education (OpenAlex)
Source: ORCID
Added: March 21, 2025

2023 article

The second language development of past perfective forms in Spanish

Zahler, S. (2023, June 12). Borealis – An International Journal of Hispanic Linguistics.

By: S. Zahler* 

topics (OpenAlex): Spanish Linguistics and Language Studies; EFL/ESL Teaching and Learning; Phonetics and Phonology Research
UN Sustainable Development Goals Color Wheel
UN Sustainable Development Goal Categories
4. Quality Education (OpenAlex)
Source: ORCID
Added: March 21, 2025

2022 article

Measuring Individual Differences

(2022, March 29). The Routledge Handbook of SLA and Sociolinguistics.

Contributors: S. Zahler 

topics (OpenAlex):
Source: ORCID
Added: March 21, 2025

2022 article

The role of phonological short-term memory in second language phonology

Zahler, S. (2022, March 25). Revista Española De Lingüística Aplicada/Spanish Journal of Applied Linguistics.

By: S. Zahler* 

topics (OpenAlex): Phonetics and Phonology Research; Language Development and Disorders; Neurobiology of Language and Bilingualism
UN Sustainable Development Goals Color Wheel
UN Sustainable Development Goal Categories
4. Quality Education (OpenAlex)
Source: ORCID
Added: March 21, 2025

2021 article

A Variationist Analysis of Second Language Spanish Trill Production

Daidone, D., & Zahler, S. (2021, May 1). Studies in Hispanic and Lusophone Linguistics.

By: D. Daidone * & S. Zahler* 

topics (OpenAlex): Phonetics and Phonology Research; Linguistic Variation and Morphology; Multilingual Education and Policy
UN Sustainable Development Goals Color Wheel
UN Sustainable Development Goal Categories
4. Quality Education (OpenAlex)
Source: ORCID
Added: March 21, 2025

2021 article

Speech strategy sequencing in personal ads

Zahler, S. L. (2021, December 23). Gender and Language.

By: S. Zahler* 

topics (OpenAlex): Media, Gender, and Advertising; Gender, Feminism, and Media; Gender Studies in Language
UN Sustainable Development Goals Color Wheel
UN Sustainable Development Goal Categories
5. Gender Equality (OpenAlex)
Source: ORCID
Added: March 21, 2025

2019 article

Review of "Los californios: Historia sociolingüística de California en el siglo XIX by Covadonga Lamar Prieto"

Zahler, N. (2019, January 1). Chiricú Journal Latina/o Literatures Arts and Cultures.

By: N. Zahler

topics (OpenAlex): Spanish Linguistics and Language Studies; Linguistic Variation and Morphology; Historical Linguistics and Language Studies
Source: ORCID
Added: March 21, 2025

2018 journal article

A variationist account of trill /r/ usage in the Spanish of Málaga

IULC Working Papers. https://scholarworks.iu.edu/journals/index.php/iulcwp/article/view/26204

Contributors: S. Zahler  & D. Daidone

scholarworks.iu.edu
Source: ORCID
Added: March 21, 2025

2018 article

Acquisition, study abroad and individual differences

Linford, B., Zahler, S., & Whatley, M. (2018, October 12). Study Abroad Research in Second Language Acquisition and International Education.

By: B. Linford *, S. Zahler*  & M. Whatley

Contributors: S. Zahler* 

topics (OpenAlex): Multilingual Education and Policy; Linguistic Variation and Morphology; Language, Discourse, Communication Strategies
UN Sustainable Development Goals Color Wheel
UN Sustainable Development Goal Categories
4. Quality Education (OpenAlex)
Source: ORCID
Added: March 21, 2025

2018 journal article

Pragmalinguistic variation in electronic personal ads from Mexico City and London

IULC Working Papers. https://scholarworks.iu.edu/journals/index.php/iulcwp/article/view/26225

Contributors: S. Zahler 

scholarworks.iu.edu
Source: ORCID
Added: March 21, 2025

2018 journal article

Testing formal accounts of variation

Hispania. https://www.jstor.org/stable/26781133

Contributors: M. Díaz-Campos & S. Zahler 

www.jstor.org
Source: ORCID
Added: March 21, 2025

2016 article

The future is in the past

Daidone, D., & Zahler, S. (2016, October 3). Issues in Hispanic and Lusophone Linguistics.

By: D. Daidone * & S. Zahler* 

topics (OpenAlex): Linguistic Variation and Morphology
Source: ORCID
Added: March 21, 2025

2014 manuscript

The continuous path of grammaticalization in modern peninsular Spanish

https://repository.upenn.edu/handle/20.500.14332/44996

Contributors: M. Day & S. Zahler 

repository.upenn.edu
Source: ORCID
Added: March 21, 2025

2014 manuscript

Variable subject doubling in spoken Parisian French

https://repository.upenn.edu/handle/20.500.14332/44989

Contributors: S. Zahler 

repository.upenn.edu
Source: ORCID
Added: March 21, 2025

Employment

Updated: March 21st, 2025 08:40

2024 - present

North Carolina State University Raleigh, North Carolina, US
Assistant Professor World Languages and Cultures

2018 - 2024

University at Albany, SUNY Albany, New York, US
Assistant Professor Languages, Literatures and Cultures

Education

Updated: March 21st, 2025 08:43

2012 - 2018

Indiana University Bloomington, Indiana, US
PhD Spanish and Portuguese

2010 - 2012

University of Florida Gainesville, Florida, US
M.A. Spanish and Portuguese Studies

2006 - 2010

University of Florida Gainesville, Florida, US
Bachelor of Arts in Spanish and French Spanish and Portuguese Studies; Languages Literatures and Cultures

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