@article{mahant_yadav_gilbert_kjaergaard_jensen_kessler_bilde_petters_2023, title={An open-hardware community ice nucleation cold stage for research and teaching}, volume={16}, ISSN={["2468-0672"]}, DOI={10.1016/j.ohx.2023.e00491}, abstractNote={Aerosol particles with rare specific properties act as nuclei for ice formation. The presence of ice nucleating particles in the atmosphere leads to heterogeneous freezing at warm temperatures and thus these particles play an important role in modulating microphysical properties of clouds. This work presents an ice nucleation cold stage instrument for measuring the concentration of ice nucleating particles in liquids. The cost is ∼ $10 k including an external chiller. Using a lower cost heat sink reduces the cost to ∼ $6 k. The instrument is suitable for studying ambient ice nucleating particle concentrations and laboratory-based process-level studies of ice nucleation. The design plans allow individuals to self-manufacture the cold-stage using 3D printing, off-the-shelf parts, and a handful of standard tools. Software to operate the instrument and analyze the data is also provided. The design is intended to be simple enough that a graduate student can build it as part of a course or thesis project. Costs are kept to a minimum to facilitate use in classroom demonstrations and laboratory classes.}, journal={HARDWAREX}, author={Mahant, Sunandan and Yadav, Shweta and Gilbert, Cameron and Kjaergaard, Eva R. and Jensen, Mads M. and Kessler, Tommy and Bilde, Merete and Petters, Markus D.}, year={2023}, month={Dec} }
 @article{mahant_iversen_kasparoglu_bilde_petters_2023, title={Direct measurement of the viscosity of ternary aerosol mixtures}, volume={2}, ISSN={["2634-3606"]}, url={https://doi.org/10.1039/D2EA00160H}, DOI={10.1039/d2ea00160h}, abstractNote={The optical properties of particles change with change in their phase state. The optical change was exploited in this study to measure the transition temperature of sucrose, citric acid, and tartaric acid mixtures.}, journal={ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE-ATMOSPHERES}, author={Mahant, Sunandan and Iversen, Emil Mark and Kasparoglu, Sabin and Bilde, Merete and Petters, Markus D.}, year={2023}, month={Feb} }