Sandra Pei-Hui Tou

Effect of trazodone on heart rate, heart rate variability, and QT-intervals in dogs

Silvia, V. T., DeFrancesco, T. C., Love, K. R., Tou, S. P., & Keene, B. W. (2025, June 12). Journal of Veterinary Cardiology, Vol. 61, pp. 20–28.

Canine dilated cardiomyopathy

Western Veterinary Conference. Presented at the Western Veterinary Conference, Las Vegas, NV.

Congenital and inherited anomalies of the cardiovascular system

In S. E. Aiello & M. A. Moses (Eds.), The Merck Veterinary Manual (12th ed.). Whitehouse Station, NJ: Merck & Co.

Congestive heart failure diagnosis and treatment

Western Veterinary Conference. Presented at the Western Veterinary Conference, Las Vegas, NV.

Evaluation of Trazadone on Heart Rate, Heart Rate Variability and QT-intervals in Dogs

ACVIM. Presented at the ACVIM, Minneapolis, MN.

Guidance on the use of panel-recommended therapies in cats with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy

Western Veterinary Conference. Presented at the Western Veterinary Conference, Las Vegas, NV.

Guidance on the use of panel-recommended therapies in dogs with chronic mitral valve disease

Western Veterinary Conference. Presented at the Western Veterinary Conference, Las Vegas, NV.

Managing heart failure: a case based review

Western Veterinary Conference. Presented at the Western Veterinary Conference, Las Vegas, NV.

Approach to the canine murmur

Getaway Conference. Presented at the Getaway Conference, Asheville, NC.

Approach to the feline murmur

Getaway Conference. Presented at the Getaway Conference, Asheville, NC.

Degenerative mitral valve disease

CanWest Conference. Presented at the CanWest Conference, Banff, Alberta, Canada.

Degenerative mitral valve disease

Minnesota VMA. Presented at the Minnesota VMA, Minneapolis, MN.

Diagnosis of heart failure

CanWest Conference. Presented at the CanWest Conference, Banff, Alberta, Canada.

Dilated cardiomyopathy

CanWest Conference. Presented at the CanWest Conference, Banff, Alberta, Canada.

Evaluation of occult gastrointestinal bleeding in canine left-sided congestive heart failure: a pilot study

ACVIM. Presented at the ACVIM, Philadelphia, PA.

Heart murmurs in cats

CanWest Conference. Presented at the CanWest Conference, Banff, Alberta, Canada.

Recognizing and treating life-threatening arrhythmias

Minnesota VMA. Presented at the Minnesota VMA, Minneapolis, MN.

Recognizing and treating life-threatening arrhythmias

CanWest Conference. Presented at the CanWest Conference, Banff, Alberta, Canada.

Retrospective evaluation of the etiology and clinical characteristics of peripheral edema in dogs

Whelchel, B. D., Palerme, J.-S., Tou, S. P., & Ward, J. L. (2023, July 15). Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Vol. 7.

Supporting cardiac disease throughout the lifetime

ACVIM Forum. Presented at the ACVIM Forum, Philadelphia, PA.

Treating congestive heart failure

Minnesota VMA. Presented at the Minnesota VMA, Minneapolis, MN.

Treatment of heart failure

CanWest Conference. Presented at the CanWest Conference, Banff, Alberta, Canada.

Chronic mitral valve disease

DC Academy of Veterinary Medicine. Presented at the DC Academy Veterinary Medicine.

Congestive heart failure

DC Academy of Veterinary Medicine. Presented at the DC Academy of Veterinary Medicine.

Dilated cardiomyopathy

DC Academy of Veterinary Medicine. Presented at the DC Academy of Veterinary Medicine.

Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy

DC Academy of Veterinary Medicine. Presented at the DC Academy of Veterinary Medicine.

Interventional cardiology

NCVC. Presented at the NCVC, Raleigh, NC.

A deleterious mutation in the ALMS1 gene in a naturally occurring model of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy in the Sphynx cat

Orphanet Journal of Rare Diseases, 16(108).

Absence of known feline MYH7 and MYBPC3 variants in a diverse cohort of cats with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy

O'Donnell, K., Adin, D., Atkins, C. E., DeFrancesco, T., Keene, B. W., Tou, S., & Meurs, K. M. (2021, May 10). Animal Genetics, Vol. 52, pp. 542–544.

Association of diet with clinical outcomes in dogs with dilated cardiomyopathy and congestive heart failure

Walker, A. L., DeFrancesco, T. C., Bonagura, J. D., Keene, B. W., Meurs, K. M., Tou, S. P., … Adin, D. B. (2021, February 21). Journal of Veterinary Cardiology, Vol. 4, pp. 99–109.

Letter to the editor regarding “Efficacy of adding ramipril (VAsotop) to the combination of furosemide (Lasix) and pimobendan (VEtmedin) in dogs with mitral valve degeneration: The VALVE trial”

Atkins, C., Keene, B., DeFrancesco, T. C., Tou, S., Chetboul, V., Côté, É., … Stepien, R. L. (2021, January 27). Letter to the editor regarding “Efficacy of adding ramipril (VAsotop) to the combination of furosemide (Lasix) and pimobendan (VEtmedin) in dogs with mitral valve degeneration: The VALVE trial.” Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Vol. 35, pp. 698–699.

Myxomatous mitral valve disease in Miniature Schnauzers and Yorkshire Terriers: 134 cases (2007–2016)

DeProspero, D. J., O’Donnell, K. A., DeFrancesco, T. C., Keene, B. W., Tou, S. P., Adin, D. B., … Meurs, K. M. (2021, November 10). Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association, Vol. 12, pp. 1428–1432.

Population pharmacokinetics of oral pimobendan and its metabolite in dogs with myxomatous mitral valve degeneration

ACVIM Virtual Forum. Presented at the ACVIM Virtual Forum.

Use of whole genome analysis to identify shared genomic variants across breeds in canine mitral valve disease

Williams, B., Friedenberg, S. G., Keene, B. W., Tou, S. P., DeFrancesco, T. C., & Meurs, K. M. (2021, June 27). Human Genetics, Vol. 6.

Renin-angiotensin aldosterone profile before and after angiotensin-converting enzyme-inhibitor administration in dogs with angiotensin-converting enzyme gene polymorphism

Adin, D., Atkins, C., Domenig, O., DeFrancesco, T., Keene, B., Tou, S., … Meurs, K. M. (2020, February 29). Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Vol. 34, p. 600—606.

Retrospective evaluation of the safety and tolerability of pimobendan in cats with obstructive vs nonobstructive cardiomyopathy

Ward, J. L., Kussin, E. Z., Tropf, M. A., Tou, S. P., DeFrancesco, T. C., & Keene, B. W. (2020, October 7). Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Vol. 34, pp. 2211–2222.

Tricuspid valve dysplasia is associated with a PLA2G4F variant in the Labrador retriever

ACVIM Virtual Forum. Presented at the ACVIM Virtual Forum.

A missense variant in the titin gene in Doberman pinscher dogs with familial dilated cardiomyopathy and sudden cardiac death

Human Genetics, 138(5), 515–524.

Approach to Canine Syncope

NAVC. Presented at the NAVC, Orlando, FL.

Arrhythmias under anesthesia

NAVC. Presented at the NAVC, Orlando, Florida, USA.

Cardiac screening

Asheville CE seminar. Presented at the Asheville CE seminar, Asheville, NC.

Cardiopulmonary case studies

NAVC/VMX. Presented at the NAVC/VMX, Orlando, FL.

Cardiovascular emergency case studies

NAVC/VMX. Presented at the NAVC/VMX, Orlando, FL.

Diagnosis and management of life-threatening arrhythmias

NAVC. Presented at the NAVC, Orlando, FL.

Management of heart failure

NAVC. Presented at the NAVC, Orlando, FL.

Practical screening for heart disease

NAVC. Presented at the NAVC, Orlando, FL.

Thoracocentesis in the chronic management of congestive heart failure in cats: 34 cases (2002-2016)

ACVIM. Presented at the ACVIM, Phoenix, AZ.

Assessment of diastolic function

Novotech International Course in Cardiology. Presented at the Novotech International Course in Cardiology, Madrid, Spain.

Assessment of heart failure

Novotech International Course in Cardiology. Presented at the Novotech International Course in Cardiology, Madrid, Spain.

Complications of chronic mitral valve disease

Earth Day Veterinary CE. Presented at the Earth Day Veterinary CE, Hickory, NC, USA.

Echocardiographic phenotype of canine dilated cardiomyopathy differs based on diet type

Adin, D., DeFrancesco, T., Keene, B., Tou, S., Meurs, K., Atkins, C., … al. (2018, December 5). Journal of Veterinary Cardiology, Vol. 21, pp. 1–9.

Interventional management of cor triatriatum dexter

ACVM Forum. Presented at the ACVIM Forum, Seattle, WA.

Myxomatous mitral valve disease in the miniature poodle: A retrospective study

Meurs, K. M., Adin, D., O’Donnell, K., Keene, B. W., Atkins, C. E., DeFrancesco, T., & Tou, S. (2018, December 19). The Veterinary Journal, Vol. 244, pp. 94–97.

Supraventricular arrhythmias

Novotech International Course in Cardiology. Presented at the Novotech International Course in Cardiology, Madrid, Spain.

Updates in cardiology

Novotech International Course in Cardiology. Presented at the Novotech International Course in Cardiology, Madrid, Spain.

Accuracy of point-of-care lung ultrasonography for the diagnosis of cardiogenic pulmonary edema in dogs and cats with acute dyspnea

Ward, J. L., Lisciandro, G. R., Keene, B. W., Tou, S. P., & DeFrancesco, T. C. (2017, March 6). Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association, Vol. 250, pp. 666–675.

Angiotensin-converting enzyme activity and inhibition in dogs with cardiac disease and an angiotensin-converting enzyme polymorphism

Meurs, K. M., Stern, J. A., Atkins, C. E., Adin, D., Aona, B., Condit, J., … Woodruff, K. (2017, October 1). Journal of the Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System, Vol. 18, p. 1470320317737184.

Angiotensin-converting enzyme activity in Cavalier King Charles Spaniels with an ACE gene polymorphism and myxomatous mitral valve disease

Pharmacogenetics and Genomics, 28(2), 37–40.

Assessing the Heart Failure Patient

ACVIM Forum Techician Series. Presented at the ACVIM Forum Techician Series, Washington D.C.

Cardiovascular cases

American Pre-Veterinary Medical Association Symposium. Presented at the American Pre-Veterinary Medical Association Symposium, Raleigh, NC, USA.

Congestive heart failure associated with desoxycorticosterone pivalate therapy in 12 dogs with hypoadrenocorticism

ACVIM. Presented at the ACVIM, Washington D.C.

Evaluation of genes associated with human myxomatous mitral valve disease in dogs with familial myxomatous mitral valve degeneration

Meurs, K., Friedenberg, S. G., Williams, B., Keene, B. W., Atkins, C. E., Adin, D., … al. (2017, December 6). The Veterinary Journal, Vol. 232, pp. 16–19.

Infective endocarditis

In E. Cote (Ed.), Clinical Veterinary Advisor: Dogs and Cats (4th ed.). St. Louis, MO: Elsevier (Mosby).

Intracoronary allogeneic cardiosphere‐derived stem cells are safe for use in dogs with dilated cardiomyopathy

Intracoronary allogeneic cardiosphere-derived stem cells are safe for use in dogs with dilated cardiomyopathy. Journal of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, 21(8), 1503–1512.

Pilot study to determine the feasibility of radiation therapy for dogs with right atrial masses and hemorrhagic pericardial effusion

Journal of Veterinary Cardiology, 19(2), 132–143.

Recognizing and treating life-threatening arrhythmias

NCSU Continuing Education Forum. Presented at the NCSU Continuing Education Forum, Raleigh, NC.

Three-dimensional electroanatomic mapping for supraventricular tachycardia

ACVIM Forum. Presented at the ACVIM Forum, Washington D.C.

Cardiovascular emergencies

North Carolina State Veterinary Conference. Presented at the North Carolina State Veterinary Conference, Raleigh, NC.

Congenital and inherited anomalies of the cardiovascular system

In S. Aiello & M. Moses (Eds.), The Merck Veterinary Manual (11th ed.). Whitehouse Station, NJ: Merck & Co.

Outcome and survival in canine sick sinus syndrome and sinus node dysfunction: 93 cases (2002–2014)

Ward, J. L., DeFrancesco, T. C., Tou, S. P., Atkins, C. E., Griffith, E. H., & Keene, B. W. (2016, June 7). Journal of Veterinary Cardiology, Vol. 18, pp. 199–212.

Patent ductus arteriosus in cats (Felis catus): 50 cases (2000–2015)

Bascuñán, A., Mankin, K. M. T., Saunders, A. B., Bright, J. M., Scharf, V., Singh, A., … Ruoff, C. (2016, December 2). Journal of Veterinary Cardiology.

Suspected acute myocardial infarction in a dystrophin-deficient dog

Neuromuscular Disorders, 26(6), 361–366.

Approach to dyspnea

Taiwan Academy of Veterinary Internal Medicine. Presented at the Taiwan Academy of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan.

Atrial septal defect

In L. P. Tilley & F. W. Smith (Eds.), Blackwell’s Five-Minute Veterinary Consult: Canine and Feline (6th ed.). Ames, IA: Wiley.

Cardiovascular cases

Taiwan Academy of Veterinary Internal Medicine. Presented at the Taiwan Academy of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan.

Complication Rates Associated with Transvenous Pacemaker Implantation in Dogs with High-Grade Atrioventricular Block Performed During versus After Normal Business Hours

Ward, J. L., DeFrancesco, T. C., Tou, S. P., Atkins, C. E., Griffith, E. H., & Keene, B. W. (2015, January 1). Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Vol. 29, pp. 157–163.

Cor triatriatum

Veterinary Image-Guided Interventions, 604–609.

Heart failure therapy

Taiwan Academy of Veterinary Internal Medicine. Presented at the Taiwan Academy of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan.

Pericardial disease

Taiwan Academy of Veterinary Internal Medicine. Presented at the Taiwan Academy of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan.

Pulmonary hypertension

Preston Animal Hospital CE. Presented at the Preston Animal Hospital CE, Cary, NC.

Refractory heart failure therapy

Taiwan Academy of Veterinary Internal Medicine. Presented at the Taiwan Academy of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan.

Syncope

Taiwan Academy of Veterinary Internal Medicine. Presented at the Taiwan Academy of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan.

Case-control study of the effects of pimobendan on survival time in cats with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and congestive heart failure

Reina-Doreste, Y., Stern, J. A., Keene, B. W., Tou, S. P., Atkins, C. E., DeFrancesco, T. C., … Meurs, K. M. (2014, August 22). Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association, Vol. 245, pp. 534–539.

Infective endocarditis

In E. Cote (Ed.), Clinical Veterinary Advisor: Dogs and Cats (3rd ed.). St. Louis, MO: Elsevier (Mosby).

Association of Dilated Cardiomyopathy with the Striatin Mutation Genotype in Boxer Dogs

Meurs, K. M., Stern, J. A., Sisson, D. D., Kittleson, M. D., Cunningham, S. M., Ames, M. K., … Tou, S. P. (2013, August 28). Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Vol. 27, pp. 1437–1440.

Cardiac physical examination

North Carolina Veterinary Conference. Presented at the North Carolina Veterinary Conference, Raleigh, NC.

Diagnosis and management of congestive heart failure

Eastern Carolina Veterinary Continuing Education Series. Presented at the Eastern Carolina Veterinary Continuing Education Series, Wilmington, NC.

Hybrid cutting balloon dilatation for treatment of cor triatriatum sinister in a cat

Stern, J. A., Tou, S. P., Barker, P. C. A., Hill, K. D., Lodge, A. J., Mathews, K. G., & Keene, B. W. (2013, May 14). Journal of Veterinary Cardiology, Vol. 15, p. 205—210.

Treatment of acute and chronic heart failure

North Carolina State University Cardiology Symposium. Presented at the North Carolina State University Cardiology Symposium, Raleigh, NC.

Updates on Common Cardiac Diseases of Cats and Dogs

North Carolina Association of Veterinary Technicians Conference. Presented at the North Carolina Association of Veterinary Technicians Conference, Raleigh, NC.

Canine cardiology

Florida Veterinary Medical Association Conference. Presented at the Florida Veterinary Medical Association Conference, Tampa, FL.

Canine models of Duchenne muscular dystrophy and their use in therapeutic strategies

Mammalian Genome, 23(1-2), 85–108.

Chronic mitral valve disease

North Carolina State University Cardiology Symposium. Presented at the North Carolina State University Cardiology Symposium, Raleigh, NC.

Clinical Notes: Treating and monitoring canine chronic congestive heart failure in dogs

Clinician's Brief.

Cutting balloon catheterization for interventional treatment of cor triatriatum dexter: 2 Cases

Journal of Veterinary Cardiology, 14(4), 525–530.

Managing congestive heart failure

Florida Veterinary Medical Association Conference. Presented at the Florida Veterinary Medical Association Conference, Tampa, FL.

Myths and misperceptions of heart disease

Florida Veterinary Medical Association Conference. Presented at the Florida Veterinary Medical Association Conference, Tampa, FL.

Quality of life with cardiac disease (2012)

Florida Veterinary Medical Association Conference. Presented at the Florida Veterinary Medical Association Conference, Tampa, FL.

Treatment of asymptomatic heart disease

Florida Veterinary Medical Association Conference. Presented at the Florida Veterinary Medical Association Conference, Tampa, FL.

Wildlife cardiology

Wildlife Rehabilitators of North Carolina Symposium. Presented at the Wildlife Rehabilitators of North Carolina Symposium, Raleigh, NC, USA.

ECG of the Month

Tou, S. E., DeFrancesco, T. C., & Keene, B. W. (2011, July 1). Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association, Vol. 239, pp. 55–57.

Pulmonary atresia and ventricular septal defect with aortopulmonary collaterals in an adult dog

Journal of Veterinary Cardiology, 13(4), 271–275.

Systemic hypertension

North Carolina Mobile Veterinarians. Presented at the North Carolina Mobile Veterinarians, Cary, NC.

Imaging of myxomatous valvular disease

Clinician's Brief, 8(5), 10–11.

Diagnosing heart disease and failure in dogs

California Veterinarian.

Systemic hypertension

North Carolina State University Continuing Education Lecture Series. Presented at the North Carolina State University Continuing Education Lecture Series, Raleigh, NC.

Acute renal failure

Southern California VMA Continuing Education Lecture Series. Presented at the Southern California VMA Continuing Education Lecture Series, San Gabriel, CA.

Echocardiographic Estimation of Systemic Systolic Blood Pressure in Dogs with Mild Mitral Regurgitation

Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine, 20(5), 1127–1131.

Feline endocrine disease

Florida Cat Conference. Presented at the Florida Cat Conference, Gainesville, FL, USA.

Mitral Valve Endocarditis after Dental Prophylaxis in a Dog

Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine, 19(2), 268–270.

New topics in renal failure

Florida Cat Conference. Presented at the Florida Cat Conference, Gainesville, FL, USA.

Smoke inhalation and burns

K9 Down Symposium. Presented at the K9 Down Symposium, Gainesville, FL, USA.

Management of alimentary disease with immunosuppressants

Journal of Small Animal Medicine, 6(3), 28–35.

Corneoconjunctival transposition for the treatment of feline corneal sequestra: a retrospective study of 17 cases (1990–1998)

Veterinary Ophthalmology, 4(2), 107–111.