@article{taheri_rider_2022, title={A review on architectural guidelines to safely reopen buildings in light of COVID-19 in the United States: establishing future research opportunities}, volume={65}, ISSN={0003-8628 1758-9622}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00038628.2022.2038538}, DOI={10.1080/00038628.2022.2038538}, abstractNote={COVID-19 has caused public health and economic crises in many countries including the United States. Engineering control strategies are cited by leading agencies as the second effective recommendation after virus elimination to safer reopen buildings during the pandemic. This paper systematically surveyed and synthesized highly cited architectural guidelines in the U.S. published by leading agencies. As reviewed in this paper, all reviewed architectural strategies agreed on the importance of increasing outdoor air ventilation and maintaining social distancing, without specific consideration of the potential impact of these strategies on other aspects of buildings and occupants. Thus, this paper provides foundational knowledge for future studies around safer buildings during future pandemics and suggests conducting more pre/post-occupancy evaluations that incorporate human-centered studies and building performance analysis, using qualitative and quantitative methods to support various building stakeholders in making more informed decisions around recommendations to positively and holistically impact occupants and buildings.}, number={2}, journal={Architectural Science Review}, publisher={Informa UK Limited}, author={Taheri, Helia and Rider, Traci Rose}, year={2022}, month={Mar}, pages={147–161} }
 @inproceedings{rider_lanteigne_mcdonald_hipp_baker_2022, title={Addressing Health Equity through Design: A Case Study}, booktitle={ACSA 110th Annual Meeting: EMPOWER}, author={Rider, T. and Lanteigne, V. and McDonald, R. and Hipp, J.A. and Baker, K.}, year={2022}, month={May} }
 @inproceedings{rider_2022, title={Built Environment through the Social Determinants of Health}, booktitle={ARCC-EAAE 2022 International Conference. RESILIENT CITY: Physical, Social, and Economic Perspectives}, author={Rider, T.R.}, year={2022}, month={Mar} }
 @article{lanteigne_rider_stratton_2022, title={Evolving Design Pedagogies: Broadening Universal Design for Social Justice}, volume={19}, ISSN={2329-9339}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.17831/enqarcc.v19i1.1135}, DOI={10.17831/enqarcc.v19i1.1135}, abstractNote={Universal Design came into prominence as a successor to the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA), contributing to broader notions of accessibility beyond baseline codes and standards. Rooted in human factors research, Universal Design primarily centers on supporting human performance through the development of accessible and usable environments (Steinfeld and Maisel 2012, 95-96). As such, Universal Design pedagogies predominantly focus on enhancing environments for people with disabilities and aging populations (O Shea 2018, 721; Steinfeld and Maisel 2012, 49). However, some believe Universal Design is on the cusp of a paradigm shift to address broader aspects of social justice (Salmen 2012; Steinfeld and Maisel 2012, 159-160). This paper synthesizes existing literature to explore how current academic and practice-facing Universal Design pedagogies support the movement’s expansion to address social justice across demographic groups. Critical audiences for this work include architectural educators, students, researchers, policymakers, and building professionals interested in advancing the theory and practice of Universal Design. Recommendations from this work reposition Universal Design pedagogies as a pathway for creating more equitable and inclusive buildings, spaces, and communities that are truly designed for all. }, number={1}, journal={Enquiry The ARCC Journal for Architectural Research}, publisher={Enquiry:  The ARCC Journal of Architectural Research}, author={Lanteigne, Victoria and Rider, Traci Rose and Stratton, Peter}, year={2022}, month={Sep}, pages={8–23} }
 @inproceedings{rider_lanteigne_mcdonald_hipp_baker_2022, title={Exploring Health Equity and the Built Environment through the Social Determinants of Health}, booktitle={ARCC-EAAE 2022 International Conference. RESILIENT CITY: Physical, Social, and Economic Perspectives}, author={Rider, T. and Lanteigne, V. and McDonald, R. and Hipp, J.A. and Baker, K.}, year={2022}, month={Mar} }
 @inproceedings{rider_lanteigne_bryant_mantooth_2022, title={Exploring Pathways to Equity in the Built Environment}, booktitle={2022 Greenbuild International Conference and Expo}, author={Rider, T. and Lanteigne, V. and Bryant, A. and Mantooth, R.}, year={2022}, month={Nov} }
 @inproceedings{jordan_rider_sorensen_randall_2022, title={Human-Building Interactions, Occupant Thermal Comfort and Indoor Air Quality in K-12 Schools before and during COVID-19: Suggestions for stakeholders and future studies}, booktitle={LearningScapes}, author={Jordan, K. and Rider, T.R. and Sorensen, D. and Randall, R.R.}, year={2022}, month={Oct} }
 @inproceedings{diaz moore._rider_cai_2022, title={Inter-professional Collaboration in Health Design: The importance of core concepts and theoretical frameworks}, booktitle={EDRA53: Health in All Design}, author={Diaz Moore., K. and Rider, T. and Cai, H.}, year={2022}, month={Jun} }
 @inproceedings{diaz moore._rider_cai_2022, title={Interprofessional Collaboration in Health Design: The importance of core concepts and theoretical frameworks}, booktitle={EDRA53: Health in All Design}, author={Diaz Moore., K. and Rider, T. and Cai, H.}, year={2022}, month={Jun} }
 @inproceedings{mccormick_rider_2022, title={Modernity and Human Health: The Connection to Outdoor Air}, booktitle={ARCC-EAAE 2022 International Conference - RESILIENT CITY: Physical, Social, and Economic Perspectives}, author={McCormick, E. and Rider, T.}, year={2022}, month={Mar} }
 @inproceedings{rider_bakergem_2021, title={Addressing the Social Determinants of Health in Architecture: Possible or not?}, booktitle={EDRA52 Detroit Just Environments: Transdisciplinary Border Crossing}, author={Rider, T. and Bakergem, M.}, year={2021}, month={May} }
 @inproceedings{rider_van bakergem_2021, title={Addressing the social determinants of health in architecture: Possible or not?}, booktitle={2021 Environmental Design Research Association. Just Environments: Transdisciplinary Border Crossing}, author={Rider, T. and van Bakergem, M.}, year={2021}, month={May} }
 @inproceedings{rider_van bakergem_2021, title={Aligning Design Evaluation and Health}, booktitle={2021 ARCC International Conference. Performative Environments}, author={Rider, T. and van Bakergem, M.}, year={2021}, month={Apr} }
 @misc{rider_van bakergem_2021, title={Building for Well-Being}, ISBN={9781003088097}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003088097}, DOI={10.1201/9781003088097}, abstractNote={Building for Well-Being is the first introduction to health-focused building standards for design and construction professionals. More than a summary of the state of the field, this practical resource guides designers, builders, developers, and owners through considerations for incorporating WELL®, Fitwel®, and other systems from the planning phase to ground-breaking and beyond. Side-by-side comparisons of established and emerging health-focused standards empower building professionals to select the most appropriate certifications for their projects. Drawing on the authors’ backgrounds in sustainable design and public health, chapters on the evolution of the green building movement and the relationship between health and the built environment provide vital context for understanding health-focused standards and certifications. The final chapter looks toward the future of health and the built environment.}, publisher={Routledge}, author={Rider, Traci Rose and van Bakergem, Margaret}, year={2021}, month={Dec} }
 @inproceedings{rider_bowen_baker_2021, title={Built form as a public health intervention: How the design of an elementary school is supporting the physical, mental, and emotional health of a community}, booktitle={LearningScapes 2021}, author={Rider, T.R. and Bowen, H. and Baker, K.}, year={2021}, month={Oct} }
 @inproceedings{rider_van bakergem_2021, title={Design Evaluation and Public Health: Merging Frameworks}, booktitle={2021 Gulf Coast Green Conference, AIA Houston’s Committee on the Environment}, author={Rider, T. and van Bakergem, M.}, year={2021}, month={Aug} }
 @inproceedings{rider_mathur_van bakergem_2021, title={Design evaluation and public health: Comparing frameworks for increased health}, booktitle={2021 ARCC International Conference. Performative Environments}, author={Rider, T. and Mathur, P. and van Bakergem, M.}, year={2021}, month={Apr} }
 @inbook{noel_liu_rider_2021, place={Hershey, PA}, series={Advances in Educational Technologies and Instructional Design}, title={Developing Thinking Skills in a 4th Grade Design Studio in Trinidad and Tobago}, ISBN={9781799849933 9781799849940}, ISSN={2326-8905 2326-8913}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-4993-3.ch002}, DOI={10.4018/978-1-7998-4993-3}, booktitle={Stagnancy Issues and Change Initiatives for Global Education in the Digital Age}, publisher={IGI Global}, author={Noel, Lesley-Ann and Liu, Tsai Lu and Rider, Traci Rose}, editor={Neimann, Theresa and Felix, Jonathan J. and Reeves, Stacy and Shliakhovchuk, ElenaEditors}, year={2021}, pages={15–39}, collection={Advances in Educational Technologies and Instructional Design} }
 @inproceedings{taheri_rider_randall_2021, title={Human-Building Interactions, Occupant Thermal Comfort and Indoor Air Quality in K-12 Schools before and during COVID-19: Suggestions for stakeholders and future studies}, booktitle={EDspaces2021}, author={Taheri, H. and Rider, T.R. and Randall, R.R.}, year={2021}, month={Nov} }
 @inproceedings{taheri_rider_2021, title={Human-Building Interactions, Occupant Thermal Comfort and Indoor Air Quality in K-12 Schools during COVID-19}, booktitle={EDRA52 Detroit Just Environments: Transdisciplinary Border Crossing}, author={Taheri, H. and Rider, T.}, year={2021}, month={May} }
 @article{taheri_rider_2021, place={Atlanta, GA}, title={Operable Windows, Thermal Comfort, and Indoor Air Quality in K-12 Schools: Identifying the Gap and Proposing Future Studies}, journal={Divergence in Architectural Research}, publisher={School of Architecture Publication, Georgia Tech}, author={Taheri, H. and Rider, T.R.}, year={2021}, pages={317–324} }
 @inproceedings{ambrose_taheri_wood_rider_2020, title={A Framework to Improve Designers’ Understanding of the Quantitative Results of Daylight Analysis}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.35483/acsa.am.108.19}, DOI={10.35483/acsa.am.108.19}, abstractNote={Decision-making in architectural design is a complex process that includes factors such as aesthetics, environmental, and user needs (Gercek and Arsan, 2019). Utilizing computational simulation tools is one way to gather quantitative data efficiently to help architects in this process (Reinhart and Fitz, 2006). Recent literature on decision-making in architectural design states that it is significant for architects to create a link between their professional experience gained from previous work and knowledge provided from simulation tools (Gercek and Arsan, 2019). Daylight simulation tools are regularly accepted in the market, since it is difficult to evaluate the quantity of daylight in a space through a simple equation (Reinhart and Fitz, 2006). Whether the daylight simulation is done in-house or by a consultant, it is imperative for architects to have empirical knowledge about how the numerical results relate to the user experience.   In this article, a set of methods is proposed to improve designers’ understanding of daylight simulation results. The study has been conducted in July and August of 2019. The methods used in this study are survey, daylight simulation, and daylight measurement via environmental monitoring. The participants who are designer/occupants in a design firm in Raleigh, North Carolina, USA, participate in an online survey asking about their productivity and visual comfort in the space. Daylight simulation analyzes the illuminance levels in the office space with Ladybug and Honeybee - plug-ins of Rhino Grasshopper. Furthermore, the actual illuminance in the space is measured by Omron 2JCIE-BL01 sensors in certain locations for additional empirical evidence. A correlational analysis is conducted between the questions of the survey, its results shows that there is no statistically significant correlation between visual comfort and employees’ perception of productivity in the summer. Also, the data gained from the sensors and survey show that the daylight is not equally distributed across the office, ranging from 100-1500 lux. Ultimately, by sharing the findings with the participants in the meeting, while conducting the realtime daylight simulation, they can relate results to their own experience in space. It helps them improving their design knowledge and process for meaningfully integrating daylight in their design.}, booktitle={108th ACSA Annual Meeting Proceedings}, publisher={ACSA Press}, author={Ambrose, Kristin M. and Taheri, Helia and Wood, Sarah and Rider, Traci}, year={2020} }
 @inproceedings{rider_van bakergem_2020, title={Addressing the Social Determinants of Health in Architecture: Possible or not?}, booktitle={2020 EAAE-ARCC International Conference. The Architect and the City}, author={Rider, T. and van Bakergem, M.}, year={2020}, month={Nov} }
 @inproceedings{rider_van bakergem_2020, title={Aligning Design Evaluation and Health}, booktitle={2020 AIA ASPIRE Southeast Conference}, author={Rider, T. and van Bakergem, M.}, year={2020}, month={Aug} }
 @article{rider_2020, title={Climate and Health in Cities}, volume={81}, ISSN={0029-2559 0029-2559}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.18043/ncm.81.5.331}, DOI={10.18043/ncm.81.5.331}, abstractNote={The built environment is an important contributor to both climate change and public health. Transportation, land use, and buildings are three factors significantly impacting environmental and human health in urban areas. Health and built environment experts should actively collaborate to both cool cities and increase positive health outcomes.}, number={5}, journal={North Carolina Medical Journal}, publisher={North Carolina Institute of Medicine}, author={Rider, Traci Rose}, year={2020}, month={Sep}, pages={331–337} }
 @inproceedings{farber_rider_spafford_schmidt_2020, title={Creating Engaging and Equitable Outdoor Experiences for Students and Staff}, booktitle={AASHE Annual Conference}, publisher={Presentation}, author={Farber, J. and Rider, T.R. and Spafford, A. and Schmidt, S.}, year={2020}, month={Oct} }
 @inproceedings{rider_mathur_van bakergem_2020, title={Design evaluation and public health: Comparing frameworks for increased health}, booktitle={2020 EAAE-ARCC International Conference. The Architect and the City}, author={Rider, T. and Mathur, P. and van Bakergem, M.}, year={2020}, month={Nov} }
 @inproceedings{taheri_ambrose_rider_wood_2020, title={Exploring the Relationship between Human Comfort and Health in the Buildings: Establishing Opportunities for Future Research}, booktitle={EDRA51 Tempe. Transform: Socially Embedded Collaboration}, author={Taheri, H. and Ambrose, K. and Rider, T. and Wood, S.}, year={2020}, month={Apr} }
 @inproceedings{taheri_rider_2020, title={Factors of Using Operable Windows and their Relationship with Thermal and Indoor Air Quality Condition in K-12 Classrooms in Raleigh and Denver (Case Study)}, booktitle={EDRA51 Tempe. Transform: Socially Embedded Collaboration}, author={Taheri, H. and Rider, T.}, year={2020}, month={Apr} }
 @inbook{noel_liu_rider_2020, place={London}, title={Fostering empathy through design thinking among children in rural Trinidad}, ISBN={9781003046103}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003046103-34}, DOI={10.1201/9781003046103-34}, booktitle={Research & Education in Design: People & Processes & Products & Philosophy}, publisher={CRC Press}, author={Noel, L. and Liu, T.L. and Rider, T.R.}, editor={Almendra, R. and Ferreira, J.Editors}, year={2020}, month={May}, pages={297–306} }
 @inproceedings{goldman_rider_2020, title={Health-Promoting Buildings: The Future of Design}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.35483/acsa.am.108.64}, DOI={10.35483/acsa.am.108.64}, abstractNote={The focus on what constitutes a “healthy building” is shifting from specifically looking at how the design and operation of buildings impact the global environment to also being concerned about how buildings impact the health of occupants who live and work in our built environments. Public health issues such as obesity, asthma, and depression, are issues that Architects, Urban Planners, and Interior Designers need to help solve. Architects have a responsibility to safeguard the health of the people that occupy their buildings/spaces. There is also a market-driven shift towards the creation of health-promoting buildings as is evident in the increased adoption of certification tools like the WELL Building Standard(TM) and Fitwel®. Our academic institutions need to recognize these trends, and work to provide a comprehensive education to students in order to facilitate the development of future leaders that are advocates for healthy built environments. This paper will focus on the “Why, What, and How” of providing education related to health-promoting buildings. It will discuss why health-promoting buildings are important from a public health perspective, what the current trends are related to “wellness” in the built environment, and how schools of architecture can play a role in advancing efforts to create health-promoting built environments.}, booktitle={108th ACSA Annual Meeting Proceedings}, publisher={ACSA Press}, author={Goldman, Cedra and Rider, Traci Rose}, year={2020} }
 @inproceedings{taheri_rider_2020, title={Proposing Methodology to Study the Relationship between the Operable Windows, Thermal Comfort and Indoor Air Quality in the Classrooms in K-12 Schools in the United States}, booktitle={Divergence in Architectural Research: PhD Symposium}, author={Taheri, H. and Rider, T.}, year={2020}, month={Mar} }
 @article{wolcott_mclaughlin_hubbard_rider_umstead_2020, title={Twelve tips to stimulate creative problem-solving with design thinking}, volume={43}, ISSN={0142-159X 1466-187X}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/0142159X.2020.1807483}, DOI={10.1080/0142159X.2020.1807483}, abstractNote={Abstract Design thinking is increasingly applied in healthcare and health professions education to generate innovative solutions to difficult problems. The design thinking framework helps individuals approach problems with a user-centered focus; the emphasis is on understanding the user experience, their challenges, and possible design solutions that are aligned with their needs. In this twelve tips paper, we describe strategies that health professions educators can use to prepare for, conduct, and support design thinking. These strategies may also be useful to learners, practitioners, and organizations to address complex problems.}, number={5}, journal={Medical Teacher}, publisher={Informa UK Limited}, author={Wolcott, Michael D. and McLaughlin, Jacqueline E. and Hubbard, Devin K. and Rider, Traci R. and Umstead, Kelly}, year={2020}, month={Aug}, pages={501–508} }
 @article{mclaughlin_wolcott_hubbard_umstead_rider_2019, title={A qualitative review of the design thinking framework in health professions education}, volume={19}, ISSN={1472-6920}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12909-019-1528-8}, DOI={10.1186/s12909-019-1528-8}, abstractNote={Design thinking is a problem-solving framework that has been used to enhance patient experiences, improve clinical outcomes, and refine medical curricula. This study reviewed the use of design thinking in health professions education.A search yielded 169 articles, which were excluded if they were: (1) not related to education; (2) lacking an application of design thinking; or (3) not associated with healthcare. The final review yielded 15 articles, which were analyzed using qualitative methods.All articles were published in 2009 or later and were diverse in their context, participants, and approach. Six studies emphasized the early stages of design thinking, with inspiration and ideation stages fostered through a variety of activities, such as lectures, small group discussions, and workshops. Studies examined a range of outcomes, including self-efficacy, perceptions, and solutions to a specific problem.Our findings raise important considerations for health professions education, including the extent to which we should: 1) teach design thinking to students as a skill-based tool to prepare students for problem solving in complex healthcare environments; and 2) use design thinking to create, implement, and refine health professions curricula and educational programs. Despite the apparent benefits of design thinking, many questions for health professions education remain.}, number={1}, journal={BMC Medical Education}, publisher={Springer Science and Business Media LLC}, author={McLaughlin, Jacqueline E. and Wolcott, Michael D. and Hubbard, Devin and Umstead, Kelly and Rider, Traci R.}, year={2019}, month={Apr} }
 @misc{rider_2019, title={Complexity, Interdisciplinarity, and the Real World: Meaningful Collaboration in a Seminar Setting}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.35483/acsa.am.107.34}, DOI={10.35483/acsa.am.107.34}, abstractNote={The architecture profession is shifting in scope, engagement, responsibility, and processes. The traditional journey of professional preparation for architects is proven and established, but does not readily adapt to the dynamic contexts of the profession. Real-world problems are largely simulated through in-person studio and professional practice courses, which often foster the disconnection of the architecture […]}, journal={107th ACSA Annual Meeting Proceedings, Black Box}, publisher={ACSA Press}, author={Rider, Traci Rose}, year={2019} }
 @article{noel_liu_rider_2019, title={Design Thinking and Empowerment of Students in Trinidad and Tobago}, volume={11}, ISSN={1916-3460}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.18733/cpi29503}, DOI={10.18733/cpi29503}, abstractNote={This article highlights a study in which critical pedagogy was introduced through design thinking strategies to primary school students in rural Trinidad and Tobago. By encouraging interactive discussions between students and instructors, the overarching objective was achieved. In order to build students’ critical awareness, agency and empowerment, during three weeks in a summer camp, the students and instructors engaged actively, in repeated dialogues concerning student rights, media bias, change, and utopian ideas for a better future. As the process unfolded, the students took more control of their learning. They identified and suggested solutions for community problems. The case study demonstrated that student-centred strategies which foster critical awareness and development of social consciousness, can be successfully implemented in schools with limited resources.}, number={3}, journal={Cultural and Pedagogical Inquiry}, publisher={University of Alberta Libraries}, author={Noel, Lesley-Ann and Liu, Tsai Lu and Rider, Traci Rose}, year={2019}, month={Dec}, pages={52–66} }
 @inproceedings{rider_van bakergem_park_wang_hipp_2019, title={Exploring Developers’ Understanding of Health Strategies In Multifamily Development}, booktitle={2019 ARCC Conference. Future Praxis: Applied Research as a Bridge Between Theory and Practice}, author={Rider, T. and van Bakergem, M. and Park, J. and Wang, X. and Hipp, J.A.}, year={2019}, month={May} }
 @inproceedings{taheri_rider_2019, title={Exploring the Relationship between Window-Related Occupant Behaviors and Human Comfort in Buildings: Establishing Opportunities for Future Research}, booktitle={EDRA50 Brooklyn. Sustainable Urban Environments}, author={Taheri, H. and Rider, T.}, year={2019}, month={May} }
 @inproceedings{gould_rider_hiromoto_neff_2019, title={How a “Think-Different” Culture Drives Diversity & Business}, booktitle={2019 Greenbuild International Conference and Expo}, author={Gould, K. and Rider, T. and Hiromoto, J. and Neff, S.}, year={2019}, month={Nov} }
 @article{park_kim_lee_hands_rider_2019, title={Interdisciplinarity of Ph.D. students across the Atlantic. A Case of Interdisciplinary Research Team Building at the Student Level}, volume={22}, ISBN={1756-3062}, DOI={10.1080/14606925.2019.1594970}, abstractNote={This research explores the process of building an interdisciplinary design research team at the doctorate student level across institutions and disciplines. This study aims to establish a case addressing how to: 1) define aligned research goals, 2) outline overlapped approaches, such as methodologies, to achieve the research goals, and 3) organize a research team to conduct an interdisciplinary research project addressing overarching characteristics and research interests of members. This study was conducted in four phases: 1) understanding context, 2) framing inputs, 3) discussing processes (repeatable), and 4) analyzing outputs (products). Framed by Action Research, five data collection methods were used within the interdisciplinary team (participants) over two weeks. The interdisciplinary team building process, the benefits and shortcomings of the methods used, and the resulting research study with aligned research goals are presented in this paper.}, journal={DESIGN JOURNAL}, author={Park, Jinoh and Kim, Byungsoo and Lee, Boyeun and Hands, David and Rider, Traci Rose}, year={2019}, pages={1453–1466} }
 @inproceedings{balkanay_deming_rider_2019, title={Pedagogy & Praxis: Emerging Issues From Doctoral Programs In Design Research}, booktitle={2019 ARCC Conference. Future Praxis: Applied Research as a Bridge Between Theory and Practice}, author={Balkanay, E. and Deming, M.E. and Rider, T.}, year={2019}, month={May} }
 @inproceedings{mathur_rider_place_2019, title={The Alzheimer’s Patients’ Experience of The Built Environment: A Phenomenological Approach}, booktitle={2019 ARCC Conference. Future Praxis: Applied Research as a Bridge Between Theory and Practice}, author={Mathur, P. and Rider, T. and Place, W.}, year={2019}, month={May} }
 @article{rider_van bakergem_park_wang_hipp_2018, title={Design, development, and public health}, volume={15}, ISSN={2329-9339}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.17831/enq:arcc.v15i1.571}, DOI={10.17831/enq:arcc.v15i1.571}, abstractNote={As awareness of the built environment's impact on individual and community health spreads through design and construction, different stakeholders are engaging in conversations of strategies and metrics. This paper explores the structure, methodology, and findings of research supported by the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation addressing how multifamily developers conceptualize, discuss and implement health strategies in their projects.
Framed in a Critical Theory perspective, this research first explores the traditional multifamily development decision-making process, specifically targeting how early adopters in multifamily development are discussing health and wellness in their projects. By unpacking the discussions around health and wellbeing in design, real estate development, and public health, aligned concepts are identified to operationalize these concepts for further exploration.
Using a comparative case study strategy addressing how and why (Yin 2017), five developers positioned as early adopters were engaged to better understand how they each conceptualize, implement and measure health strategies in their multifamily projects. Two-day in-depth interviews were held in two initial developers' home offices, addressing their standard design and decision-making processes and evolving into specific consideration of various health strategies. Four additional developers were engaged either over the phone or in person. Interview protocol ensured that discussion topics were standardized at the outset, with the following topics addressed with each partner: (1) company mission, (2) organizational structure, (3) differentiation in the market, (4) company evaluation metrics, (5) assessment scales, (6) decision-making processes, (7) market trends, (8) use of evidence-based data, (9) internal health discussions, and (10) investor relationships. Cyclical data collection, transcription, and analysis allowed the interview protocol to be modified for emergent topics. Site visits, website analysis, and clicks through national online real estate databases also contributed to a holistic perspective of this complex problem.
Findings indicate that multifamily developers are focusing on upfront, marketable strategies that are likely to foster mental and social health, but with little regard of applying any form of evaluative metrics. Rating systems addressing health are of little help. When asked directly about choices to influence the health of residents, participants heavily cited (1) location, emphasizing access to community amenities; (2) place making, for community building and social and mental wellbeing; and (3) physical fitness opportunities through fitness spaces. Even those developers viewed as early adopters are uncomfortable discussing health strategies using a public health lens. This research intends to highlight interdisciplinary conversations surrounding health in multifamily real estate, contributing to more rigorous adoption of health strategies in this challenging building type. These findings can be valuable to stakeholders in design, development, private investment, property management, public health, community design, and policy.   }, number={1}, journal={Enquiry The ARCC Journal for Architectural Research}, publisher={Enquiry:  The ARCC Journal of Architectural Research}, author={Rider, Traci Rose and Van Bakergem, Margaret and Park, Jinoh and Wang, Xi and Hipp, J. Aaron}, year={2018}, month={Dec}, pages={62–74} }
 @inproceedings{rider_2018, title={Design-based research across disciplines}, booktitle={2018 AIGA Design Educators Research Conference: Decipher}, author={Rider, T.}, year={2018}, month={Sep} }
 @inproceedings{rider_2018, title={Enriching Design Education on Health and Sustainability: Two Case Studies of Interdisciplinary Perspectives}, booktitle={2018 ARCC-EAAE Conference. Architectural Research for a Global Community: The Built Environment Shaping the Quality of Life}, author={Rider, T.}, year={2018}, month={May} }
 @inproceedings{park_rider_2018, title={Evaluation Criteria for Living Spaces in Architectural Design}, booktitle={The 12th International Conference on Design Principles & Practices: No Boundaries Design}, author={Park, J. and Rider, T.}, year={2018}, month={Mar} }
 @inproceedings{taheri_rider_cho_2018, title={Evaluation of the Effects of Building Elements on Human Comfort in Intelligent Buildings at the Design Phase}, booktitle={24th International Sustainable Development Research Society Conference: Action for a Sustainable World: From Theory to Practice}, author={Taheri, H. and Rider, T. and Cho, S.}, year={2018}, month={Jun} }
 @inproceedings{park_rider_2018, title={Facilitating the WELL Building Standard through Wellness Programs in the Workplace}, booktitle={2018 ARCC-EAAE Conference. Architectural Research for a Global Community: The Built Environment Shaping the Quality of Life}, author={Park, J. and Rider, T.}, year={2018}, month={May} }
 @inproceedings{park_kim_rider_2018, title={Personal Brand as a Key of Reducing a Gap between Expected and Actual Results in Design Practice: A Pilot Study Based on a Hospital Design}, booktitle={The 12th International Conference on Design Principles & Practices: No Boundaries Design}, author={Park, J. and Kim, D. and Rider, T.}, year={2018}, month={Mar} }
 @inproceedings{isley_rider_2018, title={Research-Through-Design: Exploring a design-based research paradigm through its ontology, epistemology, and methodolog}, ISSN={2398-3132}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.21606/drs.2018.263}, DOI={10.21606/drs.2018.263}, abstractNote={Design research has risen in prominence over the past 20 years resulting in substantial discussion regarding it’s ontological and epistemological foundation, but there has been limited progression towards consolidation of the disparate views into a fundamental design paradigm. Design researchers continue to struggle to find a unified paradigmatic voice and move beyond a pre-paradigm state. Relying on the foundational support created by Sir Christopher Frayling’s taxonomy of design-based research, many have proposed the creation of a new research paradigm. This requires critical discussion on how design differs from the existing realms of research, as well as establishing the ontology, epistemology, and methodology appropriate for this new paradigm. Through literature and an established philosophical framework, this paper will look at the foundational arguments that have been generated by scholars within the design disciplines for this new paradigm, synthesizing a proposal for the associated ontology, epistemology, and methodology.}, booktitle={DRS2018: Catalyst}, publisher={Design Research Society}, author={Isley, C. Grey and Rider, Traci}, year={2018}, month={Jun} }
 @inproceedings{rider_2017, title={A Course Using the WELL Building Standard}, booktitle={Society of Building Science Educators Annual Retreat: CRAFT: Shaping Buildings, Ecologies, and Cities}, author={Rider, T.}, year={2017}, month={Jul} }
 @inbook{rider_bowen_2017, title={Embracing Non-Traditional Partnerships in Design Education}, ISSN={2327-6983 2327-6991}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-0726-0.ch013}, DOI={10.4018/978-1-5225-0726-0.ch013}, abstractNote={This chapter reviews the outline, process, and structure of the LEED Lab course at North Carolina State University (NCSU), which has engaged students from multiple colleges across the University. This chapter will specifically address NCSU's particular approach to teamwork in design education, using an existing building on NCSU's campus and an established assessment framework to provide context. With the LEED for Existing Buildings Operations and Maintenance as a guide, interdisciplinary teams of students worked together to establish recommendations for future operations. Additional teamwork opportunities included the engagement of a number of NCSU facilities departments, including Repairs and Renovation, Energy Services, Waste Reduction and Recycling, and others. Using examples of team-building exercises, integration with NCSU's Facilities Division, in-class hands-on exercises, and in-process photographs, this chapter will walk the reader through the opportunities and challenges of integrating non-traditional teamwork exercises into design education processes. }, booktitle={Collaboration and Student Engagement in Design Education}, publisher={IGI Global}, author={Rider, Traci Rose and Bowen, Elizabeth}, year={2017}, pages={283–303} }
 @inproceedings{rider_2017, title={Engaging Private Developers in Healthy Community Development}, booktitle={International Making Cities Livable Conference: Public Places for Community, Democratic Dialogue, Health, & Equity}, author={Rider, T.}, year={2017}, month={Oct} }
 @inproceedings{park_rider_2017, title={Evolving roles of the university student union: Assessing the need for LEED Operations + Maintenance Certification}, booktitle={2017 ARCC Conference. Architecture of Complexity: design, systems, society and environment}, publisher={The University of Utah}, author={Park, J. and Rider, T.}, year={2017}, month={Jun} }
 @inproceedings{rider_hipp_van bakergem_2017, title={In Search of Healthy Communities: A Conceptual Framework for Engaging Developers}, booktitle={2017 ARCC Conference. Architecture of Complexity: design, systems, society and environment}, publisher={The University of Utah}, author={Rider, T. and Hipp, J.A. and van Bakergem, M.}, year={2017}, month={Jun} }
 @inproceedings{rider_2017, title={Issues of Health in Architectural Education: Engaging Complexity, Interdisciplinary Teamwork, and Established Frameworks}, booktitle={ARCC Conference. Architecture of Complexity: design, systems, society and environment}, author={Rider, T.}, year={2017}, month={Jun} }
 @inproceedings{park_rider_2017, title={The Senior Living Market from the Research and Developer Fields}, booktitle={Aging & Society: Seventh Interdisciplinary Conference: Social Inequalities, Exclusion and Age-Discrimination}, author={Park, J. and Rider, T.}, year={2017}, month={Nov} }
 @inproceedings{rider_2017, title={Using frameworks to cross interdisciplinary boundaries: Addressing wellness}, booktitle={International Association of Societies of Design Research (IASDR) Conference: Re: Research}, author={Rider, T.}, year={2017}, month={Nov} }
 @inproceedings{rider_2016, title={A Proposed Method for Meaningful Interdisciplinary Interactions in Architectural Education}, booktitle={EAAE/ARCC Conference Proceedings 2016}, author={Rider, T.}, year={2016}, month={Jun} }
 @inproceedings{rider_2016, title={Breaking Down Myths and Stereotypes: Harnessing and Sharing Architectural Education on Campus}, booktitle={104th ACSA Annual Meeting Conference Proceedings}, author={Rider, T.}, year={2016}, month={Mar} }
 @inproceedings{rider_bearon_neupert_2016, title={Common Content Across Diverse Fields: Delivering Education to Increase Gerontological Literacy}, booktitle={2016 Aging in America Conference}, publisher={Poster}, author={Rider, T. and Bearon, L. and Neupert, S.}, year={2016}, month={Mar} }
 @inproceedings{rider_hipp_2016, title={Exploring Opportunities at the Intersection of Design and Public Health Pedagogies}, booktitle={2016 ACSA/ASPPH Fall Conference. Building for Health & Well-Being}, author={Rider, T. and Hipp, J.A.}, year={2016}, month={Sep} }
 @inproceedings{rider_2015, title={Breaking Down Ivory Towers in Project-Based Collaborative Learning}, booktitle={Third 21st Century Academic Forum Conference}, author={Rider, T.}, year={2015}, month={Sep} }
 @inproceedings{rider_2015, title={Environmental Education Strategies for -‐ - and Environmental Attitudes of -‐ - the Beginning Design Student}, booktitle={31st National Conference on the Beginning Design Student: Engaging Media: Identifying means | Interrogating methods | Investigating materials}, author={Rider, T.}, year={2015}, month={Feb} }
 @inproceedings{rider_2015, title={Exploring Environmental Themes in Design Education through a Review of Environmental Education and Curriculum Theory Literature}, booktitle={Design Principles & Practices}, author={Rider, T.}, year={2015}, month={Mar} }
 @inproceedings{rider_armaghani_bowen_spencer_van mourik_2015, title={Implementing the LEED Lab Program on Your Campus}, booktitle={Smart and Sustainable Campuses Annual Conference: Honoring Our Past, Charting Our Future}, author={Rider, T. and Armaghani, B. and Bowen, E. and Spencer, S. and Van Mourik, J.}, year={2015}, month={Mar} }
 @inproceedings{rider_bowen_nelson_van mourik_2015, title={Implementing the LEED Lab Program on Your Campus: Exploring Different Contexts}, booktitle={AASHE Annual Conference: Transforming Sustainability Education}, author={Rider, T. and Bowen, E. and Nelson, K. and Van Mourik, J.}, year={2015}, month={Oct} }
 @inproceedings{rider_2015, title={LEED Lab on Campus: Fostering “Unusual Partnerships”.}, booktitle={Society of Building Science Educators Annual Retreat}, author={Rider, T.}, year={2015}, month={Jun} }
 @inproceedings{rider_2015, title={Non-Traditional Partnerships in Collaborative Learning: Addressing Myths and Stereotypes}, booktitle={ICERI2015: 8th annual International Conference of Education, Research and Innovation}, author={Rider, T.}, year={2015}, month={Nov} }
 @article{rider_2014, title={Environmental Discourses and Rhetoric in the Conceptual Space of Architectural Education}, volume={11}, ISSN={2329-9339}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.17831/enq:arcc.v11i1.270}, DOI={10.17831/enq:arcc.v11i1.270}, abstractNote={This paper aims to investigate the current state and potential opportunity of strategic environmental discourses and rhetoric in architectural education. Because there is limited research completed on this specific focus, a grounded theory approach was used. In-depth interviews were held with twelve purposefully selected participants, each of whom are prevalently perceived as leaders in incorporating sustainability topics into architectural education. Through a cyclical coding process, larger themes about integrating environmental topics in formal architectural education emerged, with the importance of discourse and rhetoric as one of the primary sub-themes. Different discourses, emphasis on specific terminology, and the implications of each in the conceptual space of architectural educational are explored in the context of both program- and university-level structures. Breaking down the current environmental discourses in these specific contexts offers insight into opportunities to streamline the inclusion of sustainability themes in architectural education. This study concludes with possible avenues for further research regarding environmental discourse and rhetoric in architectural education, and suggestions for application in programs.}, number={1}, journal={Enquiry The ARCC Journal for Architectural Research}, publisher={Enquiry:  The ARCC Journal of Architectural Research}, author={Rider, Traci Rose}, year={2014}, month={Dec}, pages={7} }
 @inproceedings{rider_2014, title={Exploring Methods for Incorporating Sustainability Themes}, booktitle={ARCC Conference Proceedings 2014}, author={Rider, T.}, year={2014}, month={Feb} }
 @inproceedings{rider_2013, title={A Post-Occupancy Evaluation: Exploring Green Design Strategies in a LEED Silver Early Childhood Education Environment}, booktitle={Environmental Design Research Association: EDRA44Providence}, author={Rider, T.}, year={2013}, month={May} }
 @inproceedings{rider_pasalar_2011, title={Designing a Community Identity for SW Raleigh through Engaged Scholarship}, booktitle={12th Annual National Outreach Scholarship Conference}, author={Rider, T. and Pasalar, C.}, year={2011}, month={Oct} }
 @inproceedings{pasalar_rider_2011, title={Engaging a Local Catholic Community to Conceptualize a Green Campus}, booktitle={12th Annual National Outreach Scholarship Conference}, author={Pasalar, C. and Rider, T.}, year={2011}, month={Oct} }
 @book{rider_glass_mcnaughton_2011, place={New York}, title={Understanding green building materials}, ISBN={9780393733174 0393733173}, publisher={W.W. Norton}, author={Rider, T. and Glass, S. and McNaughton, J.}, year={2011} }
 @inproceedings{rider_2010, title={Pedagogical Insight from Contemporary Fields: Engaging Sustainability through Environmental Education and Curriculum Theory}, booktitle={Architectural Research Centers Consortium (ARCC) - European Association for Architectural Education (EAAE) Conference}, author={Rider, T.}, year={2010}, month={Jun} }
 @inproceedings{rider_2010, title={Student Engagement: Integrating Sustainability Themes in Formal Architecture Programs}, booktitle={National Outreach Scholarship Conference}, author={Rider, T.}, year={2010}, month={Oct} }
 @book{rider_2009, place={New York}, title={Understanding Green Building Guidelines}, publisher={W.W. Norton}, author={Rider, T.}, year={2009} }
 @article{rider_2008, title={Assumed Standards: The Creation of Design Culture and Values}, number={Sustainability Issue}, journal={Drain Magazine}, author={Rider, T.}, year={2008} }
 @inproceedings{rider_2007, title={Education, environmental attitudes and the design professions}, booktitle={Architectural Research Centers Consortium (ARCC) Conference: Green Challenges in Research, Practice, and Design Education}, author={Rider, T.}, year={2007}, month={Apr} }
 @inproceedings{rider_2007, title={Ethics in Design: What you need to know}, booktitle={Land Grant University Research Ethics (LANGURE) International Workshop: Research Ethics Education: Beyond Responsible Conduct of Research (RCR) Training}, author={Rider, T.}, year={2007}, month={Apr} }