@article{pflanzer_dubljevic_bauer_orcutt_list_singh_2023, title={Embedding AI in society: ethics, policy, governance, and impacts}, volume={6}, ISSN={["1435-5655"]}, DOI={10.1007/s00146-023-01704-2}, journal={AI & SOCIETY}, author={Pflanzer, Michael and Dubljevic, Veljko and Bauer, William A. A. and Orcutt, Darby and List, George and Singh, Munindar P. P.}, year={2023}, month={Jun} }
 @misc{dubljević_bauer_2022, title={Autonomous Vehicles and the Basic Structure of Society}, ISBN={0197639194 9780197639191 9780197639221}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780197639191.003.0018}, DOI={10.1093/oso/9780197639191.003.0018}, abstractNote={AbstractThe widespread introduction of fully autonomous vehicles (AVs) presents macro-level socioeconomic concerns in addition to micro-level “ethics on the road” dilemmas. This paper concerns the impacts of AVs on our basic socioeconomic structure. Given the advent of self-driving freight trucks and taxis, for instance, millions of drivers could become unemployed very quickly. Citizens and leaders should address these kinds of macro-level social justice issues in advance in order to forestall the worst outcomes. To plausibly address these issues, we explore them using John Rawls’s theory of justice. After explaining the “original position” thought experiment and the principles of justice Rawls espouses, we apply these principles to the question of AVs. Focusing on the cases of truck and taxi drivers, we argue that the principles of justice as fairness support several possible policy-guiding norms that can be used to develop specific regulatory policies and ensure smoother economic transition as AVs are implemented on a broad scale.}, journal={Autonomous Vehicle Ethics}, publisher={Oxford University PressNew York}, author={Dubljević, Veljko and Bauer, William A.}, year={2022}, month={Nov}, pages={295–C18.P94} }
 @misc{bauer_2022, title={Causal Powers and the Intentionality Continuum}, ISBN={9781009214858 9781009214889 9781009214865}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/9781009214858}, DOI={10.1017/9781009214858}, abstractNote={Why does anything happen? What is the best account of natural necessity? In this book, William A. Bauer presents and defends a comprehensive account of the internal structure of causal powers that incorporates physical intentionality and information. Bauer explores new lines of thought concerning the theory of pure powers (powerful properties devoid of any qualitative nature), the place of mind in the physical world, and the role of information in explaining fundamental processes. He raises probing questions about physical modality and fundamental properties, and explores the possibility that physical reality and the mind are unified through intentionality. His book will be valuable for researchers and students working in metaphysics, philosophy of science, and philosophy of mind.}, publisher={Cambridge University Press}, author={Bauer, William A.}, year={2022}, month={Oct} }
 @article{dubljević_douglas_milojevich_ajmeri_bauer_list_singh_2022, title={Moral and social ramifications of autonomous vehicles: a qualitative study of the perceptions of professional drivers}, volume={42}, ISSN={0144-929X 1362-3001}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/0144929X.2022.2070078}, DOI={10.1080/0144929X.2022.2070078}, abstractNote={ABSTRACT Artificial intelligence raises important social and ethical concerns, especially about accountability, autonomy, dignity, and justice. We focus on the specific concerns arising from how the emerging autonomous vehicle (AV) technology will affect professional drivers. We posit that we must engage with stakeholders to understand the implications of a technology that will affect the stakeholders’ lives, livelihoods, or wellbeing. We conducted nine in-depth interviews with professional drivers, with at least two years of driving experience, to understand the ethical and societal challenges from the drivers’ perspective during the predicted widespread implementation of AVs. Safety was the most commonly discussed issue, which was mentioned by all drivers (17 times by truck drivers and 18 times by Uber/Lyft drivers). We find that although drivers agree that AVs will significantly impact future transportation systems, they are apprehensive about the prospects of reskilling for other jobs and want their employers to be straightforward in how the introduction of AVs will affect them. Additionally, drivers dismiss the suggestions that driving jobs are unsatisfying and potentially unhealthy and thus should be eliminated. These findings should be considered seriously in decision-making about questions of socioeconomic justice, and could be useful to policymakers as they shape relevant regulations.}, note={Publisher Copyright: \textcopyright 2022 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.}, number={9}, journal={Behaviour & Information Technology}, publisher={Informa UK Limited}, author={Dubljević, Veljko and Douglas, Sean and Milojevich, Jovan and Ajmeri, Nirav and Bauer, William A. and List, George and Singh, Munindar P.}, year={2022}, month={May}, pages={1–8} }
 @article{dubljevic_list_milojevich_ajmeri_bauer_singh_bardaka_birkland_edwards_mayer_et al._2021, title={Toward a rational and ethical sociotechnical system of autonomous vehicles: A novel application of multi-criteria decision analysis}, volume={16}, ISSN={1932-6203}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0256224}, DOI={10.1371/journal.pone.0256224}, abstractNote={The impacts of autonomous vehicles (AV) are widely anticipated to be socially, economically, and ethically significant. A reliable assessment of the harms and benefits of their large-scale deployment requires a multi-disciplinary approach. To that end, we employed Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis to make such an assessment. We obtained opinions from 19 disciplinary experts to assess the significance of 13 potential harms and eight potential benefits that might arise under four deployments schemes. Specifically, we considered: (1) the status quo, i.e., no AVs are deployed; (2) unfettered assimilation, i.e., no regulatory control would be exercised and commercial entities would “push” the development and deployment; (3) regulated introduction, i.e., regulatory control would be applied and either private individuals or commercial fleet operators could own the AVs; and (4) fleets only, i.e., regulatory control would be applied and only commercial fleet operators could own the AVs. Our results suggest that two of these scenarios, (3) and (4), namely regulated privately-owned introduction or fleet ownership or autonomous vehicles would be less likely to cause harm than either the status quo or the unfettered options.}, number={8}, journal={PLOS ONE}, publisher={Public Library of Science (PLoS)}, author={Dubljevic, Veljko and List, George and Milojevich, Jovan and Ajmeri, Nirav and Bauer, William A. and Singh, Munindar P. and Bardaka, Eleni and Birkland, Thomas A. and Edwards, Charles H. W. and Mayer, Roger C. and et al.}, editor={Yuan, QuanEditor}, year={2021}, month={Aug}, pages={e0256224} }
 @article{bauer_2020, title={Expanding Nallur's Landscape of Machine Implemented Ethics}, volume={26}, ISSN={1353-3452 1471-5546}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11948-020-00237-x}, DOI={10.1007/s11948-020-00237-x}, number={5}, journal={Science and Engineering Ethics}, publisher={Springer Science and Business Media LLC}, author={Bauer, William A.}, year={2020}, month={Jul}, pages={2401–2410} }
 @article{bauer_2020, title={Expanding Nallur's Landscape of Machine Implemented Ethics (Jul, 10.1007/s11948-020-00237-x, 2020)}, volume={26}, ISSN={["1471-5546"]}, DOI={10.1007/s11948-020-00263-9}, abstractNote={Due to an unfortunate miscommunication with the copy editor an important reference was omitted from this recently published article. The reference that should be included is.}, number={5}, journal={SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING ETHICS}, author={Bauer, William A.}, year={2020}, month={Oct}, pages={2411–2411} }
 @article{bauer_dubljević_2019, title={AI Assistants and the Paradox of Internal Automaticity}, volume={13}, ISSN={1874-5490 1874-5504}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12152-019-09423-6}, DOI={10.1007/s12152-019-09423-6}, number={3}, journal={Neuroethics}, publisher={Springer Science and Business Media LLC}, author={Bauer, William A. and Dubljević, Veljko}, year={2019}, month={Nov}, pages={303–310} }
 @article{comstock_bauer_2018, title={Getting It Together: Psychological Unity and Deflationary Accounts of Animal Metacognition}, volume={33}, ISSN={0353-5150 1874-6349}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12136-018-0340-0}, DOI={10.1007/s12136-018-0340-0}, abstractNote={Experimenters claim some nonhuman mammals have metacognition. If correct, the results indicate some animal minds are more complex than ordinarily presumed. However, some philosophers argue for a deflationary reading of metacognition experiments, suggesting that the results can be explained in first-order terms. We agree with the deflationary interpretation of the data but we argue that the metacognition research forces the need to recognize a heretofore underappreciated feature in the theory of animal minds, which we call Unity. The disparate mental states of an animal must be unified if deflationary accounts of metacognition are to hold and untoward implications avoided. Furthermore, once Unity is acknowledged, the deflationary interpretation of the experiments reveals an elevated moral standing for the nonhumans in question.}, number={4}, journal={Acta Analytica}, publisher={Springer Science and Business Media LLC}, author={Comstock, Gary and Bauer, William A.}, year={2018}, month={Jan}, pages={431–451} }
 @article{bauer_2018, title={Powers and the Pantheistic Problem of Unity}, volume={58}, ISSN={0038-1527 1873-930X}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11841-018-0654-9}, DOI={10.1007/s11841-018-0654-9}, number={4}, journal={Sophia}, publisher={Springer Science and Business Media LLC}, author={Bauer, William A.}, year={2018}, month={May}, pages={563–580} }
 @article{bauer_2018, title={Virtuous vs. utilitarian artificial moral agents}, volume={35}, ISSN={0951-5666 1435-5655}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00146-018-0871-3}, DOI={10.1007/s00146-018-0871-3}, number={1}, journal={AI & SOCIETY}, publisher={Springer Science and Business Media LLC}, author={Bauer, William A.}, year={2018}, month={Dec}, pages={263–271} }
 @article{bauer_2017, title={Against Branching Identity}, volume={45}, ISSN={0048-3893 1574-9274}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11406-017-9870-8}, DOI={10.1007/s11406-017-9870-8}, number={4}, journal={Philosophia}, publisher={Springer Science and Business Media LLC}, author={Bauer, William A.}, year={2017}, month={Jul}, pages={1709–1719} }
 @article{bauer_2016, title={Physical Intentionality, Extrinsicness, and the Direction of Causation}, volume={31}, ISSN={0353-5150 1874-6349}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12136-016-0283-2}, DOI={10.1007/s12136-016-0283-2}, number={4}, journal={Acta Analytica}, publisher={Springer Science and Business Media LLC}, author={Bauer, William A.}, year={2016}, month={Jan}, pages={397–417} }
 @misc{bauer_2015, title={Why Science Needs Philosophy}, url={https://lifeasahuman.com/2015/mind-spirit/philosophy/why-science-needs-philosophy/}, journal={Life as a Human}, author={Bauer, William}, year={2015}, month={May} }
 @misc{bauer_2014, title={Scientific Reasoning Can Be Circular}, volume={8}, ISSN={1757-0522}, url={http://thereasoner.org/}, number={1}, journal={The Reasoner}, author={Bauer, William}, year={2014}, month={Jan}, pages={4–5} }
 @article{bauer_2013, title={Dispositional Essentialism and the Nature of Powerful Properties}, volume={5}, ISSN={0873-626X}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/disp-2013-0001}, DOI={10.2478/disp-2013-0001}, abstractNote={AbstractDispositional essentialism maintains that all sparse properties are essentially powerful. Two conceptions of sparse properties appear compatible with dispositional essentialism: sparse properties as pure powers or as powerful qualities. This paper compares the two views, criticizes the powerful qualities view, and then develops a new theory of pure powers, termed Point Theory. This theory neutralizes the main advantage powerful qualities appear to possess over pure powers—explaining the existence of powers during latency periods. The paper discusses the relation between powers and space-time points, whether pure powers need to occupy space, and how to account for the movement of pure powers through space-time. Given Point Theory, dispositional essentialists should maintain that sparse properties are pure powers.}, number={35}, journal={Disputatio}, publisher={Walter de Gruyter GmbH}, author={Bauer, William A.}, year={2013}, month={May}, pages={1–19} }
 @inbook{bird_ellis_sankey_2013, place={London}, title={Four Theories of Pure Dispositions}, ISBN={9780203124482}, DOI={10.4324/9780203124482-14}, booktitle={Properties, Powers and Structures}, publisher={Routledge}, year={2013}, month={Mar}, pages={149–172} }
 @misc{bauer_2013, title={Review of the The Triple Helix: The Soul of Bioethics by Lisa Bellantoni}, volume={17}, url={https://metapsychology.net/index.php/book-review/the-triple-helix/}, number={20}, journal={Metapsychology Online Reviews}, author={Bauer, William}, year={2013} }
 @article{bauer_2011, title={An Argument for the Extrinsic Grounding of Mass}, volume={74}, ISSN={0165-0106 1572-8420}, url={http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10670-010-9269-4}, DOI={10.1007/s10670-010-9269-4}, number={1}, journal={Erkenntnis}, publisher={Springer Science and Business Media LLC}, author={Bauer, William A.}, year={2011}, month={Jan}, pages={81–99} }
 @misc{bauer_2008, title={Attributing Knowledge of the Virtues of Contextualism}, volume={2}, ISSN={1757-0522}, url={thereasoner.org}, number={8}, journal={The Reasoner}, author={Bauer, William}, year={2008}, month={Aug}, pages={6–7} }