@article{kloos_george_sorge_2005, title={Dark disk color in the flower of Gerbera hybrida is determined by a dominant gene, dc}, volume={40}, ISSN={["0018-5345"]}, DOI={10.21273/hortsci.40.7.1992}, abstractNote={The cultivated gerbera daisy [Gerbera hybrida (G. jamesonii Bolus ex Adlam × G. viridifolia Schultz-Bip)] produces flowers that have either a dark (shades of dark brown, brown-black, black-purple, or black) or light (shades of green-yellow, yellow-green, or light yellow) central disk. The dark-centered varieties have increased in popularity over the past 20 years and provided an exciting color contrast, especially in white, yellow, and various pastel-colored flowers. The objective of this investigation was to determine the mode of inheritance of disk color in gerberas. A series of crosses were made to produce PA, PB, F1, F2, BC1A, and BC1B progeny to complete the Mendelian genetic analysis. Phenotypic segregation ratios indicated that dark disk color was determined by a single dominant gene, designated Dc, and the light disk color by a recessive gene, dc. Dominance appeared to be complete in that the disk color was similar in both homozygous and heterozygous Dc plants.}, number={7}, journal={HORTSCIENCE}, author={Kloos, WE and George, CG and Sorge, LK}, year={2005}, month={Dec}, pages={1992–1994} }
 @article{kloos_george_sorge_2005, title={Inheritance of powdery mildew resistance and leaf macrohair density in Gerbera hybrida}, volume={40}, ISSN={["2327-9834"]}, DOI={10.21273/hortsci.40.5.1246}, abstractNote={The cultivated gerbera daisy [Gerbera hybrida (G. jamesonii Bolus ex Adlam × G. viridifolia Schultz-Bip)] often contracts powdery mildew (PM) when grown under conditions of high humidity. During field and greenhouse performance trials conducted with gerberas of the North Carolina State University collection, two half-sib field plants and two of their greenhouse-grown progeny were identified as being highly resistant to PM caused by Podosphaera (Sphaerotheca) fusca (Fr.) Blumer emend. Braun & Takamatsu. These plants were also unusual in having smooth glossy leaves with very low numbers of bristle macrohairs (MHs) on the adaxial leaf surface compared to wild type. The primary objectives of this investigation were to determine the mode of inheritance of PM resistance and MH density traits and determine if there was a causal relationship between the phenotypes. Parental genotypes were determined by testcrosses to wild-type, PM-susceptible and MH-high-density leaf cultivars. For each trait, a series of crosses were made to produce PA, PB, F1, F2, BC1A, and BC1B progeny. Linkage relationships among PM resistance and MH density loci were examined by testcrosses. Phenotypic segregation ratios suggested the presence of a dominant allele, Pmr1, determining PM resistance and an unlinked dominant allele, Mhd, determining low density of adaxial bristle MHs and moderate reduction in abaxial smooth MHs. The Pmr1 allele appeared to be incompletely dominant in some heterozygotes where one parent was from a highly PM susceptible background. Modifying genes may have some affect on the level of PM resistance or susceptibility. The Mhd allele appeared to be incompletely dominant in some heterozygotes. Segregation ratios indicated that the wild-type alleles were recessive to the PM-resistance and MH-low-density alleles and given the designation pmr1 and mhd, respectively. Density of leaf MHs did not affect PM resistance.}, number={5}, journal={HORTSCIENCE}, author={Kloos, WE and George, CG and Sorge, LK}, year={2005}, month={Aug}, pages={1246–1251} }
 @article{kloos_george_sorge_2004, title={Inheritance of the flower types of Gerbera hybrida}, volume={129}, ISSN={["0003-1062"]}, DOI={10.21273/jashs.129.6.0802}, abstractNote={Cultivated gerbera daisies [Gerbera hybrida (G. jamesonii Bolus ex Adlam × G. viridifolia Schultz-Bip)] have several different flower types. They include single and crested cultivars that have normal florets with elliptical (ligulate) outer corolla lips and spider cultivars that have florets with laciniated (split) outer corolla lips appearing as several pointed lobes. The objective of this investigation was to determine the mode of inheritance of the major flower types of gerberas in the North Carolina State Univ. collection. The collection contained parents and four generations of progeny representing a wide range of single and crested cultivars and some spider cultivars. Genotypes of parents used in crosses were determined by testcrosses to single-flowered, ligulate floret cultivars similar in phenotype to the wild, parental gerbera species. Testcrosses indicated that the wild type was recessive to the crested and spider flower types and given the genotype crcrspsp. For each of the types, a series of crosses were made to produce PA, PB, F1, F2, BC1A, and BC1B progeny. Allelism was tested operationally by crossing genotypes in all possible combinations and observing single-gene-pair ratios. Linkage relationships among the crested and spider loci were tested using dihybrid crosses and testcrosses. Phenotypic segregation ratios suggested the presence of two dominant alleles, Crd and Cr, determining the enlarged disk and trans floret, male-sterile and enlarged trans floret, male-fertile crested types, respectively, and an unlinked dominant gene, Sp, determining the spider type. Dominance appeared to be incomplete due to the reduction of trans floret length in most Crdcr and Crcr heterozygotes compared to crested homozygotes and the appearance of the quasi-spider type (spider trans and disk florets and ligulate and/or slightly notched ray florets) among certain crested Spsp heterozygotes.}, number={6}, journal={JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE}, author={Kloos, WE and George, CG and Sorge, LK}, year={2004}, month={Nov}, pages={802–810} }
 @article{smith_spooner_lyman_george_kloos_anderson_2002, title={Distribution of strains of Staphylococcus aureus isolated from milk of cows in North Carolina}, volume={41}, number={2002}, journal={Annual Meeting, National Mastitis Council, Inc}, author={Smith, P. and Spooner, C. and Lyman, R. and George, C. and Kloos, W. and Anderson, K.}, year={2002}, pages={233–234} }
 @article{liebl_kloos_ludwig_2002, title={Plasmid-borne macrolide resistance in Micrococcus luteus}, volume={148}, ISSN={["1350-0872"]}, DOI={10.1099/00221287-148-8-2479}, abstractNote={A plasmid designated pMEC2 which confers resistance to erythromycin, other macrolides, and lincomycin was detected in Micrococcus luteus strain MAW843 isolated from human skin. Curing of this approximately 4.2 kb plasmid from the host organism resulted in erythromycin sensitivity of the strain. Introduction of pMEC2 into a different M. luteus strain conferred erythromycin resistance upon this strain. Macrolide resistance in M. luteus MAW843 was an inducible trait. Induction occurred at subinhibitory erythromycin concentrations of about 0.02-0.05 micro g ml(-1). Erythromycin and oleandomycin were inducers, while spiramycin and tylosin exerted no significant inducer properties. With heterologous expression experiments in Corynebacterium glutamicum, using hybrid plasmid constructs and deletion derivatives thereof, it was possible to narrow down the location of the plasmid-borne erythromycin-resistance determinant to a region of about 1.8 kb of pMEC2. Sequence analysis of the genetic determinant, designated erm(36), identified an ORF putatively encoding a 281-residue protein with similarity to 23S rRNA adenine N(6)-methyltransferases. erm(36) was most related (about 52-54% identity) to erythromycin-resistance proteins found in high-G+C Gram-positive bacteria, including the (opportunistic) pathogenic corynebacteria Corynebacterium jeikeium, C. striatum, C. diphtheriae and Propionibacterium acnes. This is believed to be the first report of a plasmid-borne, inducible antibiotic resistance in micrococci. The possible role of non-pathogenic, saprophytic micrococci bearing antibiotic-resistance genes in the spreading of these determinants is discussed.}, journal={MICROBIOLOGY-SGM}, author={Liebl, W and Kloos, WE and Ludwig, W}, year={2002}, month={Aug}, pages={2479–2487} }
 @article{seguin_walker_caron_kloos_george_hollis_jones_pfaller_1999, title={Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus outbreak in a veterinary teaching hospital: Potential human-to-animal transmission}, volume={37}, number={5}, journal={Journal of Clinical Microbiology}, author={Seguin, J. C. and Walker, R. D. and Caron, J. P. and Kloos, W. E. and George, C. G. and Hollis, R. J. and Jones, R. N. and Pfaller, M. A.}, year={1999}, pages={1459–1463} }
 @article{freney_kloos_hajek_webster_bes_brun_vernozy-rozand_1999, title={Recommended minimal standards for description of new staphylococcal species}, volume={49}, ISSN={["0020-7713"]}, DOI={10.1099/00207713-49-2-489}, abstractNote={In accordance with Recommendation 30b of the International Code of Nomenclature of Bacteria, minimal standards are proposed for the genus Staphylococcus and the description of newly recognized species in this genus. Assignment of a strain to the genus Staphylococcus requires that it is a Gram-positive coccus that forms clusters, produces catalase, has an appropriate cell wall structure (including peptidoglycan type and teichoic acid presence) and G + C content of DNA in a range of 30-40 mol%. The recommended minimal standards for describing a new Staphylococcus species are based on the results of phenotypic and genomic studies of at least five independently isolated strains. They include colony morphology and the results of the following conventional tests: pigment production, growth requirements, fermentative and oxidative activity on carbohydrates, novobiocin susceptibility, enzymic activities (nitrate reductase, alkaline phosphatase, arginine dihydrolase, ornithine decarboxylase, urease, cytochrome oxidase, staphylocoagulase in rabbit plasma, heat-stable nuclease, amidases, oxidases, clumping factor, and haemolytic activity on sheep or bovine blood agar). DNA-DNA hybridization experiments may distinguish species when the difference between the binding in the homologous reaction and the binding in the heterologous reaction expressed as a percentage is less than 70%. In addition, rRNA signature sequence criteria, ribotyping characterization of the nomenclature type strain and other strains of the species, and reference strains of other species is recommended to describe the strains of the new species with sets of genetic attributes and reveal possible grouping errors. This proposal has been endorsed by the members of the Subcommittee on the taxonomy of staphylococci and streptococci of the international Committee on Systematic Bacteriology.}, journal={INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SYSTEMATIC BACTERIOLOGY}, author={Freney, J and Kloos, WE and Hajek, V and Webster, JA and Bes, M and Brun, Y and Vernozy-Rozand, C}, year={1999}, month={Apr}, pages={489–502} }
 @article{weinstein_mirrett_vanpelt_mckinnon_zimmer_kloos_reller_1998, title={Clinical importance of identifying coagulase-negative staphylococci isolated from blood cultures: Evaluation of MicroScan rapid and dried overnight gram-positive panels versus a conventional reference method}, volume={36}, number={7}, journal={Journal of Clinical Microbiology}, author={Weinstein, M. P. and Mirrett, S. and VanPelt, L. and McKinnon, M. and Zimmer, B. L. and Kloos, W. and Reller, L. B.}, year={1998}, pages={2089–2092} }
 @article{kloos_ballard_george_webster_hubner_ludwig_schleifer_fiedler_schubert_1998, title={Delimiting the genus Staphylococcus through description of Macrococcus caseolyticus gen. nov., comb. nov. and Macrococcus equipercicus sp. nov., Macrococcus bovicus sp. nov. and Macrococcus carouselicus sp. nov.}, volume={48}, ISSN={["0020-7713"]}, DOI={10.1099/00207713-48-3-859}, abstractNote={Four species of the newly proposed genus Macrococcus, namely macrococcus caseolyticus gen. nov., comb. nov. (formerly Staphylococcus caseolyticus Schleifer, Kilpper-Bälz, Fischer, Faller and Endl 1982, 19VP), Macrococcus equipercicus sp. nov., Macrococcus bovicus sp. nov. Macrococcus carouselicus sp. nov., are described on the basis of a phylogenetic analysis comparing 16S rRNA sequences, DNA-DNA liquid hybridization, DNA base composition, normalized ribotype patterns, macrorestriction pattern analysis and estimation of genome size using PFGE, cell wall composition, phenotypic characteristics and plasmid profiles. Compared with their closet relatives, members of the genus Staphylococcus, these organisms demonstrated significantly lower 16S rRNA sequence similarities (93.4-95.3%), higher DNA G+C content (38-45 mol%), absence of cell wall teichoic acids (with the possible exception of M. caseolyticus), unique ribotype pattern types and macrorestriction patterns, smaller genome size (approx. 1500-1800 kb) and generally larger Gram-stained cell size (1.1-2.5% microns in diameter). Macrococci can be distinguished from most species of staphylococci (except Staphylococcus sciuri, Staphylococcus vitulus and Staphylococcus lentus) by thier oxidase activity. The four Macrococcus species can be distinguished from one another on the basis of DNA-DNA hybridization, ribotype pattern types, macrorestriction patterns and their phenotypic properties, including colony morphology, cell morphology, haemolysins, Staphy Latex agglutination, acid production from a variety of carbohydrates, acetoin production, nitrate reduction, aesculin hydrolysis, and DNase and urease activities. The type species is M. equipercicus. The type strains of M. equipercicus, M. caseolyticus, M. bovicus and M. carouselicus are ATTCC 51831T (= DD 9350T) ATCC 13548T (= TDD 4508T) (Schleifer et al. 1982, ATCC 51825T (= DD 4516T) and ATCC 51828T (= DD 9348), respectively.}, journal={INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SYSTEMATIC BACTERIOLOGY}, author={Kloos, WE and Ballard, DN and George, CG and Webster, JA and Hubner, RJ and Ludwig, W and Schleifer, KH and Fiedler, F and Schubert, K}, year={1998}, month={Jul}, pages={859–877} }
 @article{kloos_george_olgiate_van pelt_mckinnon_zimmer_muller_weinstein_mirrett_1998, title={Staphylococcus hominis subsp. novobiosepticus subsp. nov., a novel trehalose- and N-acetyl-D-glucosamine-negative, novobiocin- and multiple-antibiotic-resistant subspecies isolated from human blood cultures}, volume={48}, ISSN={["0020-7713"]}, DOI={10.1099/00207713-48-3-799}, abstractNote={A new subspecies, Staphylococcus hominis subsp. novobiosepticus, isolated from human blood cultures, a wound, a breast abscess and a catheter tip, is described on the basis of a study of 26 strains isolated between 1989 and 1996. DNA-DNA reassociation reactions, conducted under stringent conditions, and macrorestriction pattern analysis demonstrated that these strains are closely related to previously characterized S. hominis strains isolated from human skin and clinical specimens, but are significantly divergent. S. hominis subsp. novobiosepticus can be distinguished from S. hominis (now named S. hominis subsp. hominis) by its combined characteristics of novobiocin resistance and failure to produce acid aerobically from D-trehalose and N-acetyl-D-glucosamine. Furthermore, all 26 strains of the new subspecies are resistant to nalidixic acid, penicillin G, oxacillin, kanamycin and streptomycin, and were either resistant or had intermediate resistance to methicillin and gentamicin. Most strains were also resistant to erythromycin, clindamycin, chloramphenicol, trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole and ciprofloxacin. Based on a comparison of the sequences of a 1001 bp mecA amplification product from reference methicillin-resistant staphylococci, the mecA gene present in S. hominis subsp. novobiosepticus was identified as homologue A, commonly found in S. aureus and many coagulase-negative staphylococcal species. The type strain of S. hominis subsp. novobiosepticus is ATCC 700236T. Descriptions of S. hominis subsp. novobiosepticus subsp. nov and S. hominis subsp. hominis are given and the description of S. hominis is emended.}, journal={INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SYSTEMATIC BACTERIOLOGY}, author={Kloos, WE and George, CG and Olgiate, JS and Van Pelt, L and McKinnon, ML and Zimmer, BL and Muller, E and Weinstein, MP and Mirrett, S}, year={1998}, month={Jul}, pages={799–812} }
 @article{goh_santucci_kloos_faltyn_george_driedger_hemmingsen_1997, title={Identification of staphylococcus species and subspecies by the chaperonin 60 gene identification method and reverse checkerboard hybridization}, volume={35}, number={12}, journal={Journal of Clinical Microbiology}, author={Goh, S. H. and Santucci, Z. and Kloos, W. E. and Faltyn, M. and George, C. G. and Driedger, D. and Hemmingsen, S. M.}, year={1997}, pages={3116–3121} }
 @article{shimizu_kloos_berkhoff_george_ballard_1997, title={Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis of Staphylococcus hyicus and Staphylococcus chromogenes genomic DNA and its taxonomic, epidemiologic and ecologic applications in veterinary medicine}, volume={59}, ISSN={["0916-7250"]}, DOI={10.1292/jvms.59.443}, abstractNote={One hundred and thirty-eight strains of Staphylococcus hyicus and 21 strains of S. chromogenes isolated from animals were analyzed by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) after restriction endonuclease Smal digestion of chromosomal DNA. Eighty-eight strains of S. hyicus from pigs with or without exudative epidermitis (EE) generated 16 to 26 fragments in the size range of < 1 to 485 kb, and yielded 39 different patterns. With regard to the strains from pigs with EE, PFGE patterns differed according to the country of origin. Outbreaks of EE occurring on four separate pig farms in Japan involved S. hyicus with different PFGE patterns. The PFGE patterns shown by S. hyicus strains from 4 kinds of animals were compared. Strains from pigs differed from those isolated from chickens (n = 45; 18 to 24 fragments of < 1 to 425 kb), cows (n = 3; 17 to 19 fragments of < 1 to 475 kb), and goats (n = 2; 16 or 17 fragments of < 1 to 1,125 kb). Also, each of the chicken, cow and goat strains had a host-specific fragment. The results suggest that PFGE analysis might be a useful marker for distinguishing ecovars within S. hyicus. In contrast, strains of S. chromogenes from pigs and cows generated 17 to 24 fragments ranging from < 1 to 545 kb. The PFGE patterns of S. chromogenes strains were more highly conserved than those of S. hyicus. S. chromogenes strains could be distinguished from S. hyicus strains by fragments within the range of 305 to 545 kb. The results indicate that PFGE analysis could be used to distinguish between S. hyicus and S. chromogenes. We conclude that PFGE analysis is a useful tool not only for species or strain identification but also for epidemiologic or ecologic studies of S. hyicus and S. chromogenes.}, number={6}, journal={JOURNAL OF VETERINARY MEDICAL SCIENCE}, author={Shimizu, A and Kloos, WE and Berkhoff, HA and George, CG and Ballard, DN}, year={1997}, month={Jun}, pages={443–450} }
 @article{kloos_ballard_webster_hubner_tomasz_couto_sloan_dehart_fiedler_schubert_et al._1997, title={Ribotype delineation and description of Staphylococcus sciuri subspecies and their potential as reservoirs of methicillin resistance and staphylolytic enzyme genes}, volume={47}, ISSN={["0020-7713"]}, DOI={10.1099/00207713-47-2-313}, abstractNote={Three subspecies of Staphylococcus sciuri, S. sciuri subsp. sciuri Kloos, Schleifer, and Smith 1976, 23AL emend. Kloos et al. 1997 [corrected], S. sciuri subsp. carnaticus subsp. nov., and S. sciuri subsp. rodentium subsp. nov., are described on the basis of their ribotype patterns, DNA-DNA liquid hybridization data, and phenotypic characteristics. Normalized ribotyping subdivided the S. sciuri patterns into three blocks of patterns, each corresponding to a subspecies. Each subspecies formed a separate, well-defined DNA similarity group when DNA-DNA hybridizations were conducted under stringent (70 degrees C) reassociation conditions. S. sciuri subsp. sciuri could be distinguished from the other subspecies on the basis of its ability to produce acid from D-cellobiose, alkaline phosphatase activity, and inability to produce either clumping factor or protein A. S. sciuri subsp. carnaticus could be distinguished by its ability to produce acid aerobically from D-xylose and maltose, inability to produce acid from D-melezitose, and smaller colony size on P agar. S. sciuri subsp. rodentium could be distinguished by its positive reaction in the latex agglutination test for clumping factor and/or protein A and generally higher frequencies and levels of oxacillin and methicillin resistance. All 40 strains of S. sciuri tested (including representatives of all three subspecies) hybridized with the mecA gene probe. All strains of S. sciuri subsp. sciuri, 79% of the strains of S. sciuri subsp. carnaticus and 89% of the strains of S. sciuri subsp. rodentium exhibited extracellular, staphylolytic enzyme activity. This activity was associated with an enzyme(s) that immunoblotted with a lysostaphin-specific monoclonal antibody; however, only three strains hybridized with a lysostaphin (end) gene probe. The type strain of S. sciuri subsp. carnaticus is DD 791 (= ATCC 700058), and the type strain of S. sciuri subsp. rodentium is DD 4761 (= ATCC 700061).}, number={2}, journal={INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SYSTEMATIC BACTERIOLOGY}, author={Kloos, WE and Ballard, DN and Webster, JA and Hubner, RJ and Tomasz, A and Couto, I and Sloan, GL and Dehart, HP and Fiedler, F and Schubert, K and et al.}, year={1997}, month={Apr}, pages={313–323} }
 @article{kloos_bannerman_1994, title={Update on clinical-significance of coagulase-negative staphylococci}, volume={7}, DOI={10.1128/cmr.7.1.117}, abstractNote={The clinical significance of coagulase-negative Staphylococcus species (CNS) continues to increase as strategies in medical practice lead to more invasive procedures. Hospitalized patients that are immunocompromised and/or suffering from chronic diseases are the most vulnerable to infection. Since CNS are widespread on the human body and are capable of producing very large populations, distinguishing the etiologic agent(s) from contaminating flora is a serious challenge. For this reason, culture identification should proceed to the species and strain levels. A much stronger case can be made for the identification of a CNS etiologic agent if the same strain is repeatedly isolated from a series of specimens as opposed to the isolation of different strains of one or more species. Strain identity initially can be based on colony morphology, and then one or more molecular approaches can be used to gain information on the genotype. Many of the CNS species are commonly resistant to antibiotics that are being indicated for staphylococcal infections, with the exception of vancomycin. The widespread use of antibiotics in hospitals has provided a reservoir of antibiotic-resistant genes. The main focus on mechanisms of pathogenesis has been with foreign body infections and the role of specific adhesins and slime produced by Staphylococcus epidermidis. Slime can reduce the immune response and opsonophagocytosis, thereby interfering with host defense mechanisms. As we become more aware of the various strategies used by CNS, we will be in a better position to compromise their defense mechanisms and improve treatment.}, number={1}, journal={Clinical Microbiology Reviews}, author={Kloos, W. E. and Bannerman, T. L.}, year={1994}, pages={117–140} }
 @article{schleifer_kloos_1975, title={ISOLATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF STAPHYLOCOCCI FROM HUMAN SKIN .1. AMENDED DESCRIPTIONS OF STAPHYLOCOCCUS-EPIDERMIDIS AND STAPHYLOCOCCUS-SAPROPHYTICUS AND DESCRIPTIONS OF 3 NEW SPECIES - STAPHYLOCOCCUS-COHNII, STAPHYLOCOCCUS-HAEMOLYTICUS, AND STAPHYLOCOCCUS-XYLOSUS}, volume={25}, ISSN={["0020-7713"]}, DOI={10.1099/00207713-25-1-50}, abstractNote={Staphylococci were isolated from human skin and subjected to a taxonomic study. As a result of this study, three new species are being proposed in this paper: Staphylococcus cohnii, S. haemolyticus, and S. xylosus. The type strains of these species are DSM (Deutsche Sammlung von Mikroorganismen) 20260, DSM 20263, and DSM 20266, respectively. Amended descriptions of S. epidermidis and S. saprophyticus are also given. The main characters for the distinction of staphylococci and micrococci are mentioned. Staphylococci were classified on the basis of cell wall composition, lactic acid configuration, and a variety of morphological and physiological characters. There are some key differential characters of these species which can be determined by simple laboratory procedures. The failure to ferment trehalose and mannitol is typical for S. epidermidis. The fermentation of xylose and/or arabinose is a characteristic of S. xylosus. The failure to ferment sucrose and turanose is typical for S. cohnii. Strains of S. saprophyticus do not reduce nitrate, but most of them produce acetylmethylcarbinol and ferment xylitol. S. haemolyticus is usually hemolysis positive, like S. aureus, but it does not produce coagulase, does not have strong phosphatase and deoxy-ribonuclease activities, and does not ferment mannose.}, number={1}, journal={INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SYSTEMATIC BACTERIOLOGY}, author={SCHLEIFER, KH and KLOOS, WE}, year={1975}, pages={50–61} }
 @article{kloos_schleifer_1975, title={ISOLATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF STAPHYLOCOCCI FROM HUMAN SKIN .2. DESCRIPTIONS OF 4 NEW SPECIES - STAPHYLOCOCCUS-WARNERI, STAPHYLOCOCCUS-CAPITIS, STAPHYLOCOCCUS-HOMINIS, AND STAPHYLOCOCCUS-SIMULANS}, volume={25}, ISSN={["0020-7713"]}, DOI={10.1099/00207713-25-1-62}, abstractNote={Staphylococci were isolated from the skins of people living in North Carolina and New Jersey and were studied in an attempt to resolve their natural relationships. As a result of this study, four new species are proposed in this paper: Staphylococcus warneri, S. capitis, S. hominis, and S. simulans. The type strains of these species are ATCC 27836, ATCC 27840, ATCC 27844, and ATCC 27848, respectively. The new species were established on the basis of a variety of morphological, physiological, biochemical, and antibiotic characters. Cell wall composition was particularly useful in resolving species and correlated well with other characters. Characteristic pigment production was useful in distinguishing several of the different species. A summary of the character variation found in the species and a scheme for the classification of human cutaneous staphylococci are included in this paper. The predominant staphylococci found on human skin were S. epidermidis and S. hominis.}, number={1}, journal={INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SYSTEMATIC BACTERIOLOGY}, author={KLOOS, WE and SCHLEIFER, KH}, year={1975}, pages={62–79} }
 @article{kloos_schleifer_1975, title={Simplified scheme for routine identification of human staphylococcus species}, volume={1}, number={1}, journal={Journal of Clinical Microbiology}, author={Kloos, W. E. and Schleifer, K. H.}, year={1975}, pages={82–88} }
 @article{kloos_tornabene_schleifer_1974, title={ISOLATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF MICROCOCCI FROM HUMAN SKIN, INCLUDING 2 NEW SPECIES - MICROCOCCUS-LYLAE AND MICROCOCCUS-KRISTINAE}, volume={24}, ISSN={["0020-7713"]}, DOI={10.1099/00207713-24-1-79}, abstractNote={Micrococci were commonly isolated from the skins of people living in various regions of the United States. Not all micrococci isolated in this investigation could be identified with the currently recognized species of Micrococcus, viz., M. luteus, M. varians, or M. roseus, and these micrococci therefore became the subject of further taxonomic study. As a result of this study, two new species are proposed: Micrococcus lylae and M. kristinae. The type strains of these species are ATCC 27566 and ATCC 27570, respectively. Numerous strains were isolated that were similar to M. sedentarius or M. nishinomiyaensis, species that were previously represented by only single strains. (ZoBell's strain 541 [ATCC 14392; CCM 314] is designated herein as the type strain of M. sedentarius.) A few micrococci were left unclassified. A variety of morphological, physiological, biochemical, and genetic characters were examined for their use as taxonomic criteria, and key characters, many of which can be determined by simple laboratory procedures, were selected for species differentiation. The more sophisticated studies of aliphatic hydrocarbons and cell-wall peptidoglycans were also very useful in the taxonomy of the micrococci. The predominant micrococci found on human skin were M. luteus and M. varians.}, number={1}, journal={INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SYSTEMATIC BACTERIOLOGY}, author={KLOOS, WE and TORNABENE, TG and SCHLEIFER, KH}, year={1974}, pages={79–101} }