@article{kim_chen_cha_zhou_xing_canty_zhang_chang_2022, title={Elucidation of divergent desaturation pathways in the formation of vinyl isonitrile and isocyanoacrylate}, volume={13}, ISSN={["2041-1723"]}, DOI={10.1038/s41467-022-32870-4}, abstractNote={Two different types of desaturations are employed by iron- and 2-oxoglutarate-dependent (Fe/2OG) enzymes to construct vinyl isonitrile and isocyanoacrylate moieties found in isonitrile-containing natural products. A substrate-bound protein structure reveals a plausible strategy to affect desaturation and hints at substrate promiscuity of these enzymes. Analogs are synthesized and used as mechanistic probes to validate structural observations. Instead of proceeding through hydroxylated intermediate as previously proposed, a plausible carbocation species is utilized to trigger C=C bond installation. These Fe/2OG enzymes can also accommodate analogs with opposite chirality and different functional groups including isonitrile-(D)-tyrosine, N-formyl tyrosine, and phloretic acid, while maintaining the reaction selectivity.}, number={1}, journal={NATURE COMMUNICATIONS}, author={Kim, Wantae and Chen, Tzu-Yu and Cha, Lide and Zhou, Grace and Xing, Kristi and Canty, Nicholas Koenig and Zhang, Yan and Chang, Wei-Chen}, year={2022}, month={Sep} }
 @article{zhang_tang_jia_zhang_wang_li_gardner_2019, title={Application of the Monte Carlo Library Least-Squares (MCLLS) approach for chromium quantitative analysis in aqueous solution}, volume={150}, ISSN={["0969-8043"]}, DOI={10.1016/j.apradiso.2019.02.018}, abstractNote={In the present work, a new in-situ prompt gamma-ray neutron activation analysis (PGNAA) setup was developed for the quantitative measurement of chromium (Cr) in aqueous solutions which consists of a 4" × 4″ inch Bismuth Germanate detector and a 300 mCi 241Americium-beryllium neutron source. A series of standard samples were prepared by dissolving Cr compounds in deionized water of analytical pure grade and measured using the in situ PGNAA setup. Quantitative spectrum analysis was conducted using Monte Carlo Library Least-Squares approach (MCLLS). Simulates of elemental library spectra were in silico modeled using the CEARCPG code, which was developed by Prof. Robin Gardner research group in North Carolina State University. The fitted spectra presented were in excellent agreement with the total experimental spectrum, and the correlation coefficients were all nearly 1. After applying the MCLLS approach, the minimum detectable concentration of Cr was 301.5 mg/L, better than that obtained with other setups, and the relative deviation of the Cr quantitative analysis accuracy was less than 4.09%.}, journal={APPLIED RADIATION AND ISOTOPES}, author={Zhang, Yan and Tang, Bin and Jia, WenBao and Zhang, Xiongjie and Wang, Renbo and Li, Fusheng and Gardner, Robin}, year={2019}, month={Aug}, pages={39–42} }
 @article{chang_meric_sudac_nad_obhodas_hou_zhang_gardner_2019, title={Implementation of the Monte Carlo Library Least-Squares (MCLLS) approach for quantification of the chlorine impurity in an on-line crude oil monitoring system}, volume={155}, ISSN={["0969-806X"]}, DOI={10.1016/j.radphyschem.2018.05.012}, abstractNote={Prompt gamma-ray neutron activation analysis (PGNAA) has been widely used for elemental analysis of bulk samples as it provides an on-line, rapid and non-destructive means of performing such analysis. The Monte Carlo Library Least-Squares (MCLLS) approach is one of the methods for quantitative analysis providing elemental weight fractions via an assumption that the total prompt gamma-ray spectrum is a linear combination of the contributions from the individual prompt gamma-ray spectra of the sample constituents. For the generation of prompt gamma-ray libraries of each constituent, a specific purpose Monte Carlo code system called Center for Engineering Applications of Radioisotopes Coincidence Prompt Gamma-Ray (CEARCPG) is utilized. In this work, the focus was on detecting and measuring chlorine impurity in crude oil samples, i.e. trace amounts of chlorine. A preliminary study investigating the feasibility of PGNAA method in conjunction with the MCLLS approach for measuring trace amounts of chlorine in oil samples was performed. For this purpose, an extended version of the MCLLS approach, the so-called MCLLSX approach, was proposed and applied for the quantitative analysis. The results presented in this paper prove the feasibility of the proposed approach.}, journal={RADIATION PHYSICS AND CHEMISTRY}, author={Chang, Hao Ping and Meric, Ilker and Sudac, Davorin and Nad, Karlo and Obhodas, Jasmina and Hou, Guojing and Zhang, Yan and Gardner, Robin P.}, year={2019}, month={Feb}, pages={197–201} }
 @article{zhang_wang_guo_xu_wang_li_zhang_2018, title={Factors influencing direct shoot regeneration from leaves, petioles, and plantlet roots of triploid hybrid Populus sect. Tacamahaca}, volume={29}, ISSN={["1993-0607"]}, DOI={10.1007/s11676-017-0559-4}, number={6}, journal={JOURNAL OF FORESTRY RESEARCH}, author={Zhang, Yan and Wang, Beibei and Guo, Liqin and Xu, Wenting and Wang, Zewei and Li, Bailian and Zhang, Jinfeng}, year={2018}, month={Nov}, pages={1533–1545} }
 @article{zhang_jia_gardner_shan_zhang_hou_chang_2017, title={A distance correction method for improving the accuracy of particle coal online X-ray fluorescence analysis - Part 2: Method and experimental investigation}, volume={141}, ISSN={["0969-806X"]}, DOI={10.1016/j.radphyschem.2017.07.004}, abstractNote={Abstract The distance from X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF) spectrometer to sample surface always changes with the different coal's particle sizes, resulting in the inaccuracy of online XRF measurement. To improve the accuracy of particle coal online XRF analysis, a distance correction method was established elaborated by iteration, which was based on the relationship between the XRF intensity and the distance. In order to verify the effectiveness of this method, five different particle size coal samples with same components have been measured by the online XRF analyzer directly above the conveyor belt, in the meanwhile, the distances between XRF spectrometer and samples’ surface were obtained by a laser rangefinder. The results showed that the average distances are decreased with decreasing the particle size. By comparing the results of before and after applying the distance correction method, we demonstrated that the measurement accuracy of online XRF analysis for particle coal can be significantly increased. The distance correction method can be used for the development of online XRF analysis techniques applicable for real-time industrial processes.}, journal={RADIATION PHYSICS AND CHEMISTRY}, author={Zhang, Yan and Jia, Wen Bao and Gardner, Robin and Shan, Qing and Zhang, Xin Lei and Hou, Guojing and Chang, Hao Ping}, year={2017}, month={Dec}, pages={235–238} }
 @article{liu_zhang_gardner_hou_zhang_zhang_li_li_hu_2016, title={A method to improve the sensitivity of neutron porosity measurement based on D-T source}, volume={33}, ISSN={["2212-3865"]}, DOI={10.1016/j.jngse.2016.06.028}, abstractNote={Abstract Compensated porosity logging tool utilizing deuterium-tritium (D-T) source shows a lower sensitivity to the variation of formation porosity compared with that adopting Am-Be source. In order to improve the sensitivity, the factors of an infinite homogeneous formation influencing slowing-down length and the near to far counts ratio are analyzed. Then Monte Carlo simulation method is used to build well logging models to study the responses of a neutron porosity logging tool to hydrogen index and formation density. It shows that in addition to hydrogen index, the variation of the density also has a great impact on slowing-down length and the ratio which reduces the response sensitivity to porosity. A new model depicts the relationship between the count ratio and porosity is proposed. When the model is used to process the measured ratio, the ratio shows improved dynamic range and sensitivity to porosity compared with the values without processing.}, journal={JOURNAL OF NATURAL GAS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING}, author={Liu, Juntao and Zhang, Feng and Gardner, Robin P. and Hou, Guojing and Zhang, Quanying and Zhang, Yan and Li, Xianghui and Li, Hu and Hu, Cong}, year={2016}, month={Jul}, pages={879–884} }