TY - JOUR TI - Isolation and characterisation of the Drosophila Dror2 gene AU - Frith, K.J. AU - Scott, M.J. T2 - NZ BioScience DA - 1999/// PY - 1999/// VL - 7 SP - 17–22 ER - TY - CONF TI - Ecology and biology of cotton bollworm in reference to modeling Bt resistance development in a Bt Cotton / Bt corn system AU - Storer, N.P. AU - Gould, F. AU - Kennedy, G.G. AU - Van Duyn, J.W. T2 - Proceedings of the Beltwide Cotton Conference C2 - 1999/// C3 - Proceedings of the Beltwide Cotton Conference CY - Orlando, FL DA - 1999/// PY - 1999/// VL - 2 SP - 949–952 ER - TY - JOUR TI - AU - Fitzsimons, Helen L. AU - Henry, Rebecca A. AU - Scott, Maxwell J. T2 - Genetica DA - 1999/// PY - 1999/// DO - 10.1023/a:1003801402153 VL - 105 IS - 3 SP - 215-226 OP - SN - 0016-6707 UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/a:1003801402153 DB - Crossref ER - TY - JOUR TI - Development of an insulated reporter system to search for cis-acting DNA sequences required for dosage compensation in Drosophila AU - Fitzsimons, Helen L AU - Henry, Rebecca A AU - Scott, Maxwell J T2 - Genetica DA - 1999/// PY - 1999/// VL - 105 IS - 3 SP - 215-226 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Science in Transition: Meeting the Challenge 1 AU - Kennedy, George G. T2 - American Entomologist AB - The theme for this joint meeting of the Entomological Society of America and the American Phytopathological Society, “Science in Transition,” reflects the many changes that are underway in science and in the scientific enterprise in the United States. These transitions are determining the directions in which scientific inquiry will proceed in the years to come. They also are shaping the environment in which science will be practiced, taught, and applied in the early years of the next millennium. We truly are in a period that is rich in challenges and opportunities for scientists and for scientific societies. Transition is being fueled from within the scientific enterprise by a continuing supply of new information and by conceptual and technological advances that are leading to new insights, new paradigms, and new avenues of inquiry. These advances are improving greatly our ability to develop solutions to important problems facing human and animal health, agriculture, and the environment. This is the nature of science. DA - 1999/// PY - 1999/// DO - 10.1093/ae/45.3.156 VL - 45 IS - 3 SP - 156-160 LA - en OP - SN - 2155-9902 1046-2821 UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ae/45.3.156 DB - Crossref ER - TY - ENCYC TI - Ethics and Professional Responsibility AU - Herkert, Joseph R. T2 - Wiley Encyclopedia of Electrical and Electronics Engineering AB - Abstract The sections in this article are What is Engineering Ethics? Who Does Engineering Ethics? Role of Professional Societies in Engineering Ethics Engineering and Society Moral Dilemmas in Engineering Frameworks for Engineering Ethics Cases in Engineering Ethics Critiques of Engineering Ethics Some Current Developments in Engineering Ethics DA - 1999/12/27/ PY - 1999/12/27/ DO - 10.1002/047134608x.w7304 PB - John Wiley & Sons, Inc. UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/047134608x.w7304 ER - TY - BOOK TI - Social, Ethical, and Policy Implications of Engineering AU - Herkert, Joseph R. DA - 1999/// PY - 1999/// DO - 10.1109/9780470546437 PB - IEEE UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/9780470546437 ER - TY - CONF TI - Incorporating women's studies into teaching about technology: problems and prospects AU - Wyer, Mary AU - Ozturk, Mehmet AU - Ozturk, Hatice AU - Herkert, Joseph C2 - 1999/// C3 - International Symposium on Technology and Society DA - 1999/// SP - 139 UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-0033334098&partnerID=MN8TOARS ER - TY - CONF TI - Incorporating women's studies into teaching about technology: problems and prospects AU - Wyer, Mary AU - Ozturk, Mehmet AU - Ozturk, Hatice AU - Herkert, Joseph C2 - 1999/// C3 - International Symposium on Technology and Society DA - 1999/// SP - 139 UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-0033334098&partnerID=MN8TOARS ER - TY - CONF TI - The virtue of virtual objects AU - Geisler, C. AU - Rogers, E.H. AU - Swarts, J. T2 - European Conference on Computer-Supported Cooperative Work (ECSCW Conference) C2 - 1999/// C3 - Proceedings of the European Conference on Computer-Supported Cooperative Work CY - Copenhagen, Denmark DA - 1999/// PY - 1999/// PB - Kluwer Academic Publishers ER - TY - JOUR TI - Implementing affirmative action: The critical role of affirmative action officers in higher education AU - Berry, R.M. T2 - Dissertation Abstracts International DA - 1999/// PY - 1999/// SP - 60–65 ER - TY - CHAP TI - Enzymes, Extremely Thermostable AU - Hicks, P.M. AU - Adams, M.W.W. AU - Kelly, R.M. T2 - Encyclopedia of Bioprocess Technology: Fermentation, Biocatalysis, and Bioseparation A2 - Flickinger, M.C. A2 - Drew, S.W. AB - Introduction Extremely Thermostable Enzyme Discovery Direct Purification From Extreme Thermophile Biomass Expression Cloning Sequence Analysis of Genomic DNA Enzymes from Extreme Thermophiles General Characteristics Enzymes from Extreme Thermophiles Involved in Intermediate Metabolism Proteases from Extreme Thermophiles Glycosyl Hydrolases from Extreme Thermophiles Mechanisms of Thermostability Intrinsic Factors Influencing Protein Stability Extrinsic Factors Influencing Protein Stability Recombinant Extremely Thermophilic Enzymes Uses of Extremely Thermostable Enzymes General Considerations Polymerase Chain Reaction Replacements of Existing Industrial Enzymes New Opportunities Summary Bibliography PY - 1999/// DO - 10.1002/0471250589.ebt081 SP - 987–1004 PB - John Wiley and Sons ER - TY - CHAP TI - Thermophilic Microorganisms AU - Hicks, P.M. AU - Kelly, R.M. T2 - Encyclopedia of Bioprocess Technology: Fermentation, Biocatalysis, and Bioseparation A2 - Flickinger, M.C. A2 - Drew, S.W. PY - 1999/// DO - 10.1002/0471250589.ebt209 SP - 2536–2552 PB - John Wiley and Sons ER - TY - CHAP TI - Cultivation of hyperthermophilic and extremely thermoacidophilic microorganisms AU - Rinker, K.D. AU - Han, C.J. AU - Adams, M.W.W. AU - Kelly, R.M. T2 - Manual of Industrial Microbiology and Biotechnology A2 - Demain, A.L. A2 - Davies, J.E. A2 - Atlas, R.M. PY - 1999/// ET - 2nd PB - ASM Press ER - TY - RPRT TI - Methods and compositions for fracturing subterranean formations AU - Kelly, R.M. AU - Khan, S.A. AU - Leduc, P. AU - Tayal, A. AU - Prud'homme, R. DA - 1999/// PY - 1999/// M1 - 5,869,435 M3 - U.S. Patent SN - 5,869,435 ER - TY - CHAP TI - Women, Restructuring and Textiles: The Increasing Complexity of Subordination and Struggle in a Southern Community AU - Anderson, C. AU - Schulman, M. T2 - Neither Separate Nor Equal: Women, Race, and Class in the South A2 - Smith, Barbara Ellen T3 - Women in the political economy PY - 1999/// SP - 91–108 PB - Temple University Press SN - 9781566396790 9781566396806 ER - TY - JOUR TI - The impact of high stakes testing on teachers and students in North Carolina AU - Jones, M.G. AU - Jones, D. AU - Hardin, B. AU - Chapman, L. AU - Yarbrough, T. AU - Davis, M. T2 - Phi Delta Kappan DA - 1999/11// PY - 1999/11// VL - 81 IS - 3 SP - 199–203 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Virtual viruses AU - Jones, M.G. AU - Superfine, R. AU - Taylor, R. T2 - Science Teacher DA - 1999/// PY - 1999/// VL - 66 IS - 70 SP - 48–50 ER - TY - CHAP TI - Cultural queries: Exploring gender and multicultural issues AU - Jones, M.G. T2 - Practicing what we preach: Preparing middle level educators A2 - Totten, S. PY - 1999/// SP - 245–248 PB - Falmer ER - TY - CHAP TI - Adolescent profiles: Characteristics of early adolescence AU - Jones, M.G. T2 - Practicing what we preach: Preparing middle level educators A2 - Totten, S. PY - 1999/// SP - 249–252 PB - Falmer ER - TY - CHAP TI - Cooperative logic: Which school is a "true" middle school? AU - Jones, M.G. T2 - Practicing what we preach: Preparing middle level educators A2 - Totten, S. PY - 1999/// SP - 16–20 PB - Falmer ER - TY - CONF TI - Paradoxes of progress: The intersection of science tools, exploration, and competition AU - Jones, M.G. AU - Brader-Araje, L. AU - Carboni, L. AU - Carter, G. AU - Rua, M. A2 - Hildebrand, G.H. C2 - 1999/// C3 - Proceedings of the Gender and Science Education (GASE) Colloquium DA - 1999/// SP - 36–49 PB - The University of Melbourne ER - TY - JOUR TI - The site of oxygen limitation in soybean nodules AU - Kuzma, M.M. AU - Winter, H. AU - Storer, P. AU - Oresnik, I. AU - Atkins, C.A. AU - Layzell, D.B. T2 - Plant Physiology AB - In legume nodules the [O2] in the infected cells limits respiration and nitrogenase activity, becoming more severe if nodules are exposed to subambient O2 levels. To identify the site of O2 limitation, adenylate pools were measured in soybean (Glycine max) nodules that were frozen in liquid N2 before being ground, lyophilized, sonicated, and separated on density gradients of nonaqueous solvents (heptane/tetrachloroethylene) to yield fractions enriched in bacteroid or plant components. In nodules maintained in air, the adenylate energy charge (AEC = [ATP + 0.5 ADP]/[ATP + ADP + AMP]) was lower in the plant compartment (0.65 +/- 0.04) than in the bacteroids (0.76 +/- 0.095), but did not change when the nodulated root system was exposed to 10% O2. In contrast, 10% O2 decreased the bacteroid AEC to 0.56 +/- 0.06, leading to the conclusion that they are the primary site of O2 limitation in nodules. To account for the low but unchanged AEC in the plant compartment and for the evidence that mitochondria are localized in O2-enriched microenvironments adjacent to intercellular spaces, we propose that steep adenylate gradients may exist between the site of ATP synthesis (and ADP use) in the mitochondria and the extra-mitochondrial sites of ATP use (and ADP production) throughout the large, infected cells. DA - 1999/// PY - 1999/// DO - 10.1104/pp.119.2.399 VL - 119 IS - 2 SP - 399-407 UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-0032838730&partnerID=MN8TOARS ER - TY - BOOK TI - Finding the Path: Issues of Access to Research Resources DA - 1999/10/28/ PY - 1999/10/28/ DO - 10.17226/9629 PB - National Academies Press SN - 9780309066259 UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.17226/9629 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Middle Schools are Communities of Many Voices AU - Jones, M. Gail AU - Brader-Araje, Laura T2 - Middle School Journal AB - Pulling into the parking lot of the Carolina Friends Middle School is a different expe rience for most people, particularly so for two public school teachers. The middle school is down a long country road nest ed in a forest near a small lake. The drive consists of rough gravel and students are scattered about talking, working, and exploring the creek. Other students are milling about within the large main class room building preparing for the beginning of the school day. Within moments the lights flicker—signaling the collection of the school community. Everyone, students, teachers, and visitors alike, sit down in a circle and share quiet time for 10 minutes. Oddly enough, the students sit with little fidgeting or breaking of the silence. To an outsider, the silence is appealing, comforting, and pow erful. Often referred to as settling in, this period of silence allows the community to segue into the active day ahead. DA - 1999/11// PY - 1999/11// DO - 10.1080/00940771.1999.11494617 VL - 31 IS - 2 SP - 42-48 J2 - Middle School Journal LA - en OP - SN - 0094-0771 2327-6223 UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00940771.1999.11494617 DB - Crossref ER - TY - JOUR TI - Emerging Results From a Middle School Professional Development School: The McDougle-University of North Carolina Collaborative Inquiry Partnership Groups AU - Galassi, John AU - Brader-Araje, Laura AU - Brooks, Linda AU - Dennison, Priscilla AU - Jones, M. Gail AU - Mebane, Dorothy AU - Parrish, Jean AU - Richer, Melissa AU - White, Kinnard AU - Vesilind, Elizabeth T2 - Peabody Journal of Education DA - 1999/7/1/ PY - 1999/7/1/ DO - 10.1207/s15327930pje7403&4_17 VL - 74 IS - 3-4 SP - 236–253 SN - 0161-956X UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1207/s15327930pje7403&4_17 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Nine cycles of recurrent selection for increased groat-oil content in oat AU - Frey, K.J. AU - Holland, J.B. T2 - Crop Science DA - 1999/// PY - 1999/// VL - 39 IS - 6 SP - 1636-1641 UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-0033374759&partnerID=MN8TOARS ER - TY - JOUR TI - Heritability of lipase activity of oat caryopses AU - Hoi, S.W. AU - Holland, J.B. AU - Hammond, E.G. T2 - Crop Science DA - 1999/// PY - 1999/// VL - 39 IS - 4 SP - 1055-1059 UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-0032770550&partnerID=MN8TOARS ER - TY - JOUR TI - Cultivar effects on oat-berseem clover intercrops AU - Holland, J.B. AU - Brummer, E.C. T2 - Agronomy Journal DA - 1999/// PY - 1999/// VL - 91 IS - 2 SP - 321-329 UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-0032772190&partnerID=MN8TOARS ER - TY - JOUR TI - Children's concepts: Tools for transforming science teachers' knowledge AU - Jones, M. Gail AU - Carter, Glenda AU - Rua, Melissa J. T2 - Science Education AB - This study examined the roles that students' science concepts play in promoting teachers' professional growth. Two cohorts of teachers (N = 26 and 30) participated in the study as part of a constructivist-based graduate course on elementary and middle school science methods. A modified learning cycle was used during course instruction as a framework for teachers to explore sound, light, and electricity. Data on teachers' pedagogical and conceptual growth was obtained from pre- and postconcept maps, journal reflections, and portfolios. Results of the concept map analysis showed that teachers' maps became more integrated and cohesive as seen in the increase of crosslinks, hierarchies, and relationships drawn for each science topic. The journals and portfolios showed that students' science knowledge served as discrepant events that evoked teachers' dissatisfaction with their own content knowledge and motivated them to reconsider their pedagogical practices. Students' concepts also served as change agents, resulting in changes in teachers' views of their roles and instructional behaviors. © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Sci Ed 83:545–557, 1999. DA - 1999/9// PY - 1999/9// DO - 10.1002/(sici)1098-237x(199909)83:5<545::aid-sce3>3.0.co;2-u VL - 83 IS - 5 SP - 545-557 J2 - Sci. Ed. LA - en OP - SN - 0036-8326 1098-237X UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1098-237x(199909)83:5<545::aid-sce3>3.0.co;2-u DB - Crossref ER - TY - JOUR TI - Resuspension of postlarval soft-shell clams Mya arenaria through disturbance by the mud snail Ilyanassa obsoleta AU - Dunn, R. AU - Mullineaux, L.S. AU - Mills, S.W. T2 - Marine Ecology Progress Series AB - MEPS Marine Ecology Progress Series Contact the journal Facebook Twitter RSS Mailing List Subscribe to our mailing list via Mailchimp HomeLatest VolumeAbout the JournalEditorsTheme Sections MEPS 180:223-232 (1999) - doi:10.3354/meps180223 Resuspension of postlarval soft-shell clams Mya arenaria through disturbance by the mud snail Ilyanassa obsoleta Robert Dunn*, Lauren S. Mullineaux**, Susan W. Mills Biology Department, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, Massachusetts 02543, USA *Present address: Dept. of Ecology & Evolutionary Biology, U-43 University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269-3042, USA **Addressee for correspondence. E-mail: lmullineaux@whoi.edu ABSTRACT: Transport and mortality of newly settled post larvae potentially have a large influence on the population dynamics and adult distributions of coastal benthic species, including the soft-shell clam Mya arenaria. Post-settlement transport typically occurs when boundary shear stresses are high enough to resuspend the surface sediments in which the small clams reside. The objective of the present study was to examine the effect of disturbance by the mud snail Ilyanassa obsoleta on the hydrodynamic transport of recently settled M. arenaria. Laboratory flume experiments showed that disturbance by activities of I. obsoleta caused suspension of small clams (1.8 and 2.3 mm) at boundary shear velocities (1.0 and 1.3 cm s-1) that were too slow to suspend undisturbed clams. In shear velocities high enough to cause bulk sediment transport (1.4 and 2.0 cm s-1), more clams were suspended in the presence of snails than in their absence. Manipulative field experiments using cages to exclude snails demonstrated that abundances of juvenile M. arenaria (year-1 recruits) were lower in sediments where snails were present than where snails were absent. These results suggest that biological disturbance, such as that imposed by activities of mobile, benthic deposit feeders, may play an important role in postlarval transport and, eventually, in the adult distributions of infaunal bivalves. KEY WORDS: Postlarval transport · Mya arenaria · Soft-shell clam · Ilyanassa obsoleta · Disturbance · Boundary shear stress · Caging experiments Full text in pdf format PreviousNextExport citation RSS - Facebook - Tweet - linkedIn Cited by Published in MEPS Vol. 180. Publication date: May 03, 1999 Print ISSN:0171-8630; Online ISSN:1616-1599 Copyright © 1999 Inter-Research. DA - 1999/// PY - 1999/// DO - 10.3354/meps180223 VL - 180 SP - 223-232 UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-0033519409&partnerID=MN8TOARS KW - postlarval transport KW - Mya arenaria KW - soft-shell clam KW - Ilyanassa obsoleta KW - disturbance KW - boundary shear stress KW - caging experiments ER - TY - JOUR TI - Evidence for the opposite of the Dear Enemy Phenomenon in termites AU - Dunn, R. AU - Messier, S. T2 - Journal of Insect Behavior DA - 1999/// PY - 1999/// DO - 10.1023/A:1020958505815 VL - 12 IS - 4 SP - 461-464 UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-0032696752&partnerID=MN8TOARS KW - neighbor recognition KW - Nasutitermes corniger KW - termites KW - Isoptera KW - Dear Enemy Phenomenon ER - TY - JOUR TI - HLA alleles determine human T-lymphotropic virus-I (HTLV-I) proviral load and the risk of HTLV-I-associated myelopathy AU - Jeffery, Katie JM AU - Usuku, Koichiro AU - Hall, Sarah E AU - Matsumoto, Wataru AU - Taylor, Graham P AU - Procter, Jeanette AU - Bunce, Mike AU - Ogg, Graham S AU - Welsh, Kenneth I AU - Weber, Jonathan N AU - others T2 - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences DA - 1999/// PY - 1999/// VL - 96 IS - 7 SP - 3848-3853 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Ecologically based approaches to management of Phytophthora blight on bell pepper AU - Ristaino, Jean Beagle AU - Johnston, Stephen A T2 - Plant Disease DA - 1999/// PY - 1999/// VL - 83 IS - 12 SP - 1080-1089 ER - TY - JOUR TI - The importance of dispersal mechanisms in the epidemiology of phytophthora blights and downy mildews on crop plants AU - Campbell, C.L. AU - Ristaino, J.B. T2 - Ecosystem Health AB - ABSTRACT Epidemics of plant diseases share a basic structure with those of human and animal diseases; however, unlike most epidemics of people and animals, fungi or fungi-like organisms are of major importance as pathogens. Because of the relatively low value of an individual in most plant populations, botanical epidemiologists perform observational as well as designed studies repeatedly on epidemics in large populations. Plant disease epidemics develop from overlapping cycles of propagule dissemination, host encounter and infection, pathogenesis (including symptom development), and pathogen reproduction. Initial infective units, or propagules, originate from survival structures formed between cropping seasons or during periods when weathers conditions are not suitable for disease initiation. Propagules may also arrive by long-distance transport from other geographic areas where conditions are suitable for the occurrence of continuous epidemic cycles. The importance of dispersal mechanisms in epidemic development are illustrated with three solanaceous pathosystems: Phytophthora blight of pepper (caused by Phytophthora capsici), blue mold of tobacco (caused by Peronospora tabacina), and late blight of potato (caused by Phytophthora infestans). DA - 1999/// PY - 1999/// DO - 10.1046/j.1526-0992.1999.09924.x VL - 5 IS - 3 SP - 146-157 UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-0033427133&partnerID=MN8TOARS ER - TY - JOUR TI - RESPONSIVE-TO-ANTAGONIST1, a Menkes/Wilson Disease–Related Copper Transporter, Is Required for Ethylene Signaling in< i> Arabidopsis AU - Hirayama, Takashi AU - Kieber, Joseph J. AU - Hirayama, Noriko AU - Kogan, Mikhail AU - Guzman, Plinio AU - Nourizadeh, Saeid AU - Alonso, Jose M. AU - Dailey, William P. AU - Dancis, Andrew AU - Ecker, Joseph R. T2 - Cell DA - 1999/// PY - 1999/// VL - 97 IS - 3 SP - 383-393 ER - TY - CHAP TI - Ethylene Perception and Response in Citrus Fruit AU - Cubells-Martinez, X. AU - Alonso, J. M. AU - Sanchez-Ballesta, M. T. AU - Granell, A. T2 - Biology and Biotechnology of the Plant Hormone Ethylene II PY - 1999/// SP - 137-143 PB - SE - ER - TY - JOUR TI - EIN2, a bifunctional transducer of ethylene and stress responses in Arabidopsis AU - Alonso, Jose M. AU - Hirayama, Takashi AU - Roman, Gregg AU - Nourizadeh, Saeid AU - Ecker, Joseph R. T2 - Science DA - 1999/// PY - 1999/// VL - 284 IS - 5423 SP - 2148-2152 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Patterns of genetic alterations in pancreatic cancer: A pooled analysis AU - Blanck, H.M. AU - Tolbert, P.E. AU - Hoppin, J.A. T2 - Environmental and Molecular Mutagenesis AB - Both K-ras and p53 gene mutations are found commonly in pancreatic tumors. Analysis of the mutational patterns may provide insight into disease etiology. To further describe the mutational patterns of pancreatic cancer and to assess the evidence to date, we performed a pooled analysis of the published data on genetic mutations associated with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. We included data from studies that evaluated point mutations in the two genes most studied in pancreatic cancer, K-ras and p53. A majority of the 204 tumors had mutations in at least one gene, with 29% having both K-ras and p53 mutations, 39% with K-ras mutation alone, and 16% having p53 mutation alone. Sixteen percent of tumors lacked mutation in either gene. K-ras mutations were present in high frequencies in all tumor grades (>69%). A statistically significant trend was observed for p53 mutation with higher tumor grade (P = 0.04). For K-ras, G2 and G3 grades, combined, had notably higher prevalences of mutation than G1 (P = 0.004). CGT mutations in K-ras codon 12 were marginally associated with lower tumor grade (P for trend = 0.09), and these tumors were somewhat less likely to have a p53 mutation than tumors with other K-ras mutations (P = 0.06). In the 59 K-ras+/p53+ tumors, 64% had the same type of mutation (transition or transversion) in both genes, suggesting a common mechanism. The mutational pattern of p53 in pancreatic cancer is similar to bladder cancer, another smoking-related cancer, but not to lung cancer. Analyses of molecular data, such as that performed here, present new avenues for epidemiologists in the study of the etiology of specific cancers. Environ. Mol. Mutagen. 33:111–122, 1999 © 1999 Wiley-Liss, Inc. DA - 1999/// PY - 1999/// DO - 10.1002/(SICI)1098-2280(1999)33:2<111::AID-EM3>3.0.CO;2-F VL - 33 IS - 2 SP - 111-122 UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-0032939249&partnerID=MN8TOARS KW - pancreatic cancer KW - p53 KW - K-ras KW - gene mutations KW - epidemiology ER - TY - JOUR TI - Occupational chlorophenol exposure and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma AU - Garabedian, M.J. AU - Hoppin, J.A. AU - Tolbert, P.E. AU - Herrick, R.F. AU - Brann, E.A. T2 - Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine DA - 1999/// PY - 1999/// VL - 41 IS - 4 SP - 267-272 UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-0032943982&partnerID=MN8TOARS ER - TY - JOUR TI - Occupational risk factors for sarcoma subtypes AU - Hoppin, J.A. AU - Tolbert, P.E. AU - Dana Flanders, W. AU - Zhang, R.H. AU - Daniels, D.S. AU - Ragsdale, B.D. AU - Brann, E.A. T2 - Epidemiology DA - 1999/// PY - 1999/// VL - 10 IS - 3 SP - 300-306 UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-0032928122&partnerID=MN8TOARS ER - TY - JOUR TI - Regulation of estrogen receptor beta mRNA in the brain: opposite effects of 17β-estradiol and the phytoestrogen, coumestrol AU - Patisaul, Heather B. AU - Whitten, Patricia L. AU - Young, Larry J. T2 - Molecular Brain Research AB - Estrogen receptor alpha (ERalpha) and estrogen receptor beta (ERbeta) are differentially distributed in the brain and likely mediate different estrogen-dependent processes. ERbeta is abundant in the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis, medial preoptic nucleus, paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus and the amygdala of the rat. In the paraventricular nucleus, which is devoid of ERalpha, ERbeta is colocalized with the neuropeptides, oxytocin and vasopressin, suggesting a potential functional role for ERbeta in the regulation of these peptides. We examined the regulation of ERbeta mRNA expression in the rat brain by 17beta-estradiol and the phytoestrogen, coumestrol. 17beta-Estradiol treatment decreased ERbeta mRNA in situ hybridization signal by 44.5% in the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus (PVN), but had no effect in the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis (BnST) or the medial preoptic nucleus (MPA). In contrast, dietary exposure to coumestrol increased ERbeta mRNA signal by 47.5% in the PVN but had no effect in the BnST or the MPA. These data demonstrate that like ERalpha, ERbeta is down regulated by estrogen in a region specific manner in the rat brain. Furthermore, exposure to coumestrol may modulate ERbeta-dependent processes by acting as an anti-estrogen at ERbeta. This data contradicts results from cell transfection assays which suggest an estrogenic activity of coumestrol on ERbeta, indicating that the mode of action may be tissue specific, or that metabolism of dietary coumestrol may alter its effects. Because the highest concentrations of phytoestrogens are found in legumes, vegetables and grains, they are most prevalent in vegetarian and traditional Asian diets. Understanding the neuroendocrine effects of phytoestrogens is particularly important now that they are being marketed as a natural alternative to estrogen replacement therapy and sold in highly concentrated pills and powders. DA - 1999/4// PY - 1999/4// DO - 10.1016/s0169-328x(99)00058-3 VL - 67 IS - 1 SP - 165-171 J2 - Molecular Brain Research LA - en OP - SN - 0169-328X UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0169-328x(99)00058-3 DB - Crossref KW - paraventricular nucleus KW - 17 beta-estradiol KW - ER beta KW - phytoestrogen KW - endocrine disruptor ER - TY - JOUR TI - On the origins of the Lotka-Volterra Equations AU - Haydon, D.T. AU - Lloyd, A.L. T2 - The Bulletin of the Ecological Society of America DA - 1999/// PY - 1999/// VL - 80 IS - 3 SP - 205–206 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Dynamics of Macrophage and T Cell Infection by HIV AU - Wodarz, Dominik AU - Lloyd, Alun L. AU - Jansen, Vincent A.A. AU - Nowak, Martin A. T2 - Journal of Theoretical Biology AB - We analyse mathematical models comparing the in vivo dynamics of macrophage- and T cell infection by HIV. Experiments suggest that HIV can only replicate in activated T cells whereas cell activation may not be required for successful replication in macrophages. These assumptions lead to fundamentally different conditions required to establish a persistent infection in the two cell types. While persistent replication in macrophages is achieved if the basic reproductive ratio of the virus, R0, exceeds unity, the establishment of T cell infection may depend on a complex balance between host and viral parameters as well as initial conditions. More specifically, the replication rate of HIV needs to lie above a threshold level and the immune responsiveness of the host below a certain threshold for persistent T cell infection to be possible. In addition, initial virus load has to be intermediate and the initial abundance of CTLs low. Mathematical models predict that macrophage infection may be essential for the successful establishment of HIV in the primary phase of the infection. Acting as a reservoir, they allow the virus to evolve towards increased replication kinetics as well as away from immune recognition, thus paving the way for the rise of exclusively T cell tropic strains using the CXCR4-coreceptor. DA - 1999/1// PY - 1999/1// DO - 10.1006/jtbi.1998.0816 VL - 196 IS - 1 SP - 101-113 J2 - Journal of Theoretical Biology LA - en OP - SN - 0022-5193 UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/jtbi.1998.0816 DB - Crossref ER - TY - JOUR TI - HLA alleles determine human T-lymphotropic virus-I (HTLV-I) proviral load and the risk of HTLV-I-associated myelopathy AU - Jeffery, K. J. M. AU - Usuku, K. AU - Hall, S. E. AU - Matsumoto, W. AU - Taylor, G. P. AU - Procter, J. AU - Bunce, M. AU - Ogg, G. S. AU - Welsh, K. I. AU - Weber, J. N. AU - Lloyd, A. L. AU - Nowak, M. A. AU - Nagai, M. AU - Kodama, D. AU - Izumo, S. AU - Osame, M. AU - Bangham, C. R. M. T2 - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences AB - The risk of disease associated with persistent virus infections such as HIV-I, hepatitis B and C, and human T-lymphotropic virus-I (HTLV-I) is strongly determined by the virus load. However, it is not known whether a persistent class I HLA-restricted antiviral cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) response reduces viral load and is therefore beneficial or causes tissue damage and contributes to disease pathogenesis. HTLV-I-associated myelopathy (HAM/TSP) patients have a high virus load compared with asymptomatic HTLV-I carriers. We hypothesized that HLA alleles control HTLV-I provirus load and thus influence susceptibility to HAM/TSP. Here we show that, after infection with HTLV-I, the class I allele HLA-A*02 halves the odds of HAM/TSP (P < 0.0001), preventing 28% of potential cases of HAM/TSP. Furthermore, HLA-A*02(+) healthy HTLV-I carriers have a proviral load one-third that (P = 0.014) of HLA-A*02(-) HTLV-I carriers. An association of HLA-DRB1*0101 with disease susceptibility also was identified, which doubled the odds of HAM/TSP in the absence of the protective effect of HLA-A*02. These data have implications for other persistent virus infections in which virus load is associated with prognosis and imply that an efficient antiviral CTL response can reduce virus load and so prevent disease in persistent virus infections. DA - 1999/3/30/ PY - 1999/3/30/ DO - 10.1073/pnas.96.7.3848 VL - 96 IS - 7 SP - 3848-3853 J2 - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences LA - en OP - SN - 0027-8424 1091-6490 UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.96.7.3848 DB - Crossref ER - TY - JOUR TI - A simple relationship between viral load and survival time in HIV-1 infection AU - Arnaout, R. A. AU - Lloyd, A. L. AU - O'Brien, T. R. AU - Goedert, J. J. AU - Leonard, J. M. AU - Nowak, M. A. T2 - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences AB - Despite important recent insights into the short-term dynamics of HIV-1 infection, our understanding of the long-term pathogenesis of AIDS remains unclear. Using an approach that places rapid progressors, typical progressors, and nonprogressors on a single clinical spectrum of disease progression, we quantitate the previously reported relationship between viral load and survival time. We introduce the concept of viral constant, present evidence that this quantity is conserved across patients, and explore the immunopathological implications of this finding. We conclude with a quantitative approach for assessing the benefits of a given regime of antiviral therapy. DA - 1999/9/28/ PY - 1999/9/28/ DO - 10.1073/pnas.96.20.11549 VL - 96 IS - 20 SP - 11549-11553 J2 - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences LA - en OP - SN - 0027-8424 1091-6490 UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.96.20.11549 DB - Crossref KW - prognosis KW - CD4(+) cell count KW - CD4(+) cell decline KW - antiviral therapy KW - statistical analysis ER - TY - JOUR TI - Synchronicity, chaos and population cycles: spatial coherence in an uncertain world AU - Lloyd, Alun L AU - May, Robert M T2 - Trends in Ecology & Evolution AB - The Canadian lynx (Lynx canadensis), with its regular oscillations in abundance, has held a special fascination for generations of ecologists. One of the most striking features of these oscillations, noted by Elton in his seminal studies of the fur catches of the Hudson’s Bay Company 1 Elton C. Nicholson M. The ten-year cycle in numbers of the lynx in Canada. J. Anim. Ecol. 1942; 11: 215-244 Crossref Google Scholar , is the remarkable extent to which the population cycles in geographically distant regions are synchronized. Elton’s work on the lynx, together with studies of similar oscillations in a wide range of species (including oscillations in the incidence of various childhood infections before the advent of vaccination), have proved to be a rich vein for population biologists, leading to several long-standing debates concerning the nature and origins of population cycles, and the mechanisms by which synchrony is achieved 1 Elton C. Nicholson M. The ten-year cycle in numbers of the lynx in Canada. J. Anim. Ecol. 1942; 11: 215-244 Crossref Google Scholar , 2 Moran P.A.P. The statistical analysis of the Canadian lynx cycle. I. Structure and prediction. Aust. J. Zool. 1953; 1: 163-173 Crossref Scopus (175) Google Scholar , 3 Moran P.A.P. The statistical analysis of the Canadian lynx cycle. II. Synchronization and meteorology. Aust. J. Zool. 1953; 1: 291-298 Crossref Scopus (701) Google Scholar , 4 Schaffer W.M. Kot M. Chaos in ecological systems: the coals that Newcastle forgot. Trends Ecol. Evol. 1986; 1: 58-63 Abstract Full Text PDF PubMed Scopus (107) Google Scholar , 5 Stenseth N.C. et al. From patterns to processes: Phase and density dependencies in the Canadian lynx cycle. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 1998; 95: 15430-15435 Crossref PubMed Scopus (127) Google Scholar . Although these debates have tended to be treated as separate issues, a new paper by Blasius and co-workers 6 Blasius B. Huppert A. Stone L. Complex dynamics and phase synchronization in spatially extended ecological systems. Nature. 1999; 399: 354-359 Crossref PubMed Scopus (850) Google Scholar uses recent developments in nonlinear dynamics to bring the strands back together. In so doing, these authors bring new theoretical insights into the ecological discussion of synchrony as well as introducing powerful new techniques for the study of synchrony in field data. DA - 1999/11// PY - 1999/11// DO - 10.1016/s0169-5347(99)01717-6 VL - 14 IS - 11 SP - 417-418 J2 - Trends in Ecology & Evolution LA - en OP - SN - 0169-5347 UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0169-5347(99)01717-6 DB - Crossref ER - TY - JOUR TI - Quantitative trait loci for polyamine content in an RFLP-mapped potato population and their relationship to tuberization AU - Davies, Peter J. AU - Simko, Ivan AU - Mueller, Suzanne M. AU - Yencho, G. Craig AU - Lewis, Candice AU - McMurry, Susan AU - Taylor, Mark A. AU - Ewing, Elmer E. T2 - Physiologia Plantarum AB - DNA‐based genetic markers are now widely used by geneticists to locate genes for quantitative traits, and may also serve as a valuable tool for dissecting complex physiological phenomena. Van den Berg et al. (1996a QTL analysis of potato tuberization. Theor Appl Gen 93: 307–316), using restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP)‐mapped populations of potato, detected eleven quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for tuberization. Taylor et al. (1992 Expression and sequence analysis of cDNAs induced during the early stages of tuberisation in different organs of the potato plant [ Solanum tuberosum L.]. Plant Mol Biol 20: 641–651) have identified one of the genes associated with tuberization as that for the enzyme S‐adenosylmethionine decarboxylase (SAMdc), an enzyme of the polyamine biosynthetic pathway. Chromosomal loci for SAMdc and arginine decarboxylase were established on the potato and tomato chromosomal maps, respectively, by hybridizing cDNA probes for these genes to RFLP digests. The polyamine content of leaves from an RFLP‐mapped potato population was analyzed by fluorescence detection following HPLC, with quantitation using an internal standard. The data were analyzed by the ‘qGene’ statistical program, and QTLs for polyamines were detected on seven chromosomes. At least six QTLs were found for spermine, two for spermidine, and two for putrescine. A spermidine QTL was on chromosome 5 linked to marker TG441 , very close to the place where SAMdc mapped. There was some congruence between QTLs for spermine and those previously detected for tuberization and dormancy, but relationships were not consistent. DA - 1999/6// PY - 1999/6// DO - 10.1034/j.1399-3054.1999.106210.x VL - 106 IS - 2 SP - 210-218 ER - TY - BOOK TI - Teaching Writing and Speaking in a Collaborative Learning Setting AU - McCord, M.G. AU - Pender, K. DA - 1999/// PY - 1999/// PB - Workbook/Resource ER - TY - SOUND TI - An Economic Analysis of the Determinants of Lumber Futures Price Movements AU - Rucker, Randal R. AU - Yoder, Jonathon K. AU - Thurman, Walter N. DA - 1999/// PY - 1999/// ER - TY - JOUR TI - Working Forests: Conservation and Conflict in Tropical Mexico AU - Haenn, N. T2 - Delaware Review of Latin American Studies DA - 1999/// PY - 1999/// VL - 1 IS - 1 UR - http://www.udel.edu/LASP/vol1Haenn.html ER - TY - JOUR TI - The Power of Environmental Knowledge: Ethnoecology and Environmental Conflicts in Mexican Conservation AU - Haenn, N. T2 - Human Ecology DA - 1999/// PY - 1999/// VL - 27 IS - 3 SP - 477-491 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Community Formation in Frontier Mexico: Accepting and Rejecting Migrants AU - Haenn, N. T2 - Human Organization AB - Through a comparison of two communities, this paper addresses village formation in frontier Campeche, Mexico. Mexico's village political unit, the ejido, allows farmers flexibility in deciding who may take up residence in their communities. The paper analyzes how established farmers employ ideas of ethnicity, family, and expectations of social strife to assess the long-term compatibility of newcomers. The paper further examines the role of economic stratification, village factionalism, and development programs in structuring acceptance into a village. The findings challenge prevalent economic explanations for migration and point to the need for research into the interaction of economic and political factors in intrarural migration. DA - 1999/// PY - 1999/// DO - 10.17730/humo.58.1.817173q815513638 VL - 58 IS - 1 SP - 36-43 KW - migration KW - Latin America KW - political anthropology KW - Mexican ejido KW - development ER - TY - JOUR TI - Coherence Scoring Manual AU - Katz, Susan M. DA - 1999/// PY - 1999/// ER - TY - JOUR TI - Virtual access AU - Kuzma, J. T2 - Communications News DA - 1999/// PY - 1999/// VL - 36 IS - 12 SP - 36- ER - TY - JOUR TI - Microbes, food safety and the environment: Issues in risk analysis AU - Ahl, A. AU - Kuzma, J. T2 - Technology DA - 1999/// PY - 1999/// VL - 6 SP - 363-369 ER - TY - CHAP TI - Buffer zones: Benefits and dangers of compatible stewardship AU - Groom, M. AU - Jensen, D. B. AU - Knight, R. L. AU - Gatewood, S. AU - Mills, L. AU - Boyd-Heger, D. AU - Mills, L. S. AU - Soule, M. E. T2 - Continental conservation : scientific foundations of regional reserve networks A2 - M. E. Soule, A2 - Terborgh, J. PY - 1999/// SP - 191-198 PB - Washington, D.C. : Island Press SN - 9781559636971 ER - TY - CHAP TI - The role of genetics in understanding forest fragmentation AU - Mills, L. S. AU - Tallmon, D. T2 - Forest fragmentation : wildlife and management implications A2 - James A. Rochelle, Leslie A. Lehmann A2 - Wisniewski, Joe PY - 1999/// PB - Leiden : Brill SN - 9789004113886 ER - TY - CHAP TI - Connectivity: Maintaining flows in fragmented landscapes AU - Dobson, A. AU - Ralls, K. AU - Foster, M. AU - Soule, M. E. AU - Simberloff, D. Doak AU - D., Estes AU - J. A., Mills AU - L. S., Mattson AU - D., Dirzo AU - R., Arita AU - H., Ryan AU - S., Norse AU - E. A, Noss AU - R. F., AU - D., Johns T2 - Continental conservation : scientific foundations of regional reserve networks A2 - Soule?, Michael E. A2 - Terborgh, John PY - 1999/// PB - Washington, D.C. : Island Press SN - 9781559636988 ER - TY - CONF TI - What do demographic sensitivity analyses tell us about controlling Brown-headed Cowbirds? AU - Citta, J. J. AU - Mills, L. S. C2 - 1999/// C3 - Research and management of the brown-headed cowbird in western landscapes DA - 1999/// SP - 121-134 M1 - 18 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Ecological consequences of forest fragmentation in the Klamath region AU - Jules, E. S. AU - Frost, E. J. AU - Mills, L. S. AU - Tallmon, D. A. T2 - Natural Areas Journal DA - 1999/// PY - 1999/// VL - 19 IS - 4 SP - 368-378 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Reliability of conservation actions based on elasticity analysis of matrix models AU - Mills, LS AU - Doak, DF AU - Wisdom, MJ T2 - CONSERVATION BIOLOGY AB - Abstract: Matrix population models have entered the mainstream of conservation biology, with analysis of proportional sensitivities (elasticity analysis) of demographic rates becoming important components of conservation decision making. We identify areas where management applications using elasticity analysis potentially conflict with the mathematical basis of the technique, and we use a hypothetical example and three real data sets (Prairie Chicken [ Tympanuchus cupido ], desert tortoise [ Gopherus agassizii ], and killer whale [ Orcinus orca ]) to evaluate the extent to which conservation recommendations based on elasticities might be misleading. First, changes in one demographic rate can change the qualitative ranking of the elasticity values calculated from a population matrix, a result that dampens enthusiasm for ranking conservation actions based solely on which rates have the highest elasticity values. Second, although elasticities often provide accurate predictions of future changes in population growth rate under management perturbations that are large or that affect more than one rate concurrently, concordance frequently fails when different rates vary by different amounts. In particular, when vital rates change to their high or low values observed in nature, predictions of future growth rate based on elasticities of a mean matrix can be misleading, even predicting population increase when the population growth rate actually declines following a perturbation. Elasticity measures will continue to be useful tools for applied ecologists, but they should be interpreted with considerable care. We suggest that studies using analytical elasticity analysis explicitly consider the range of variation possible for different rates and that simulation methods are a useful tool to this end. DA - 1999/8// PY - 1999/8// DO - 10.1046/j.1523-1739.1999.98232.x VL - 13 IS - 4 SP - 815-829 SN - 1523-1739 ER - TY - CONF TI - The relationship between porosity and barrier effectiveness of some shell fabrics used in protective apparel AU - Barker, R. AU - Rajagapalan, K.L. AU - McCord, M.G. A2 - C.N. Nelson, A2 - Henry, N.W. C2 - 1999/// C3 - Performance of protective clothing: issues and priorities for the 21st century. Seventh volume DA - 1999/// DO - 10.1520/stp14453s PB - West Conshohocken, PA: ASTM SN - 9780803128699 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Regulated Expression of MHC class I molecules in the porcine embryo AU - Ramsoondar, J. J. AU - Christopherson, R. J. AU - Guilbert, L. J. AU - Dixon, W. T. AU - Ghahary, A. AU - Ellis, S. AU - Wegmann, T. G. AU - Piedrahita, J. A. T2 - Biology of Reproduction DA - 1999/// PY - 1999/// VL - 60 SP - 387-397 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Inactivation of the folate binding protein genes disrupts neural tube closure. AU - Piedrahita, J. A. AU - Oetama, B. AU - Bennett, G. AU - Waes, J. V. AU - Lacey, S. W. AU - Kamen, B. AU - Richardson, J. AU - Lark, R. AU - Finnell, R. T2 - Nature Genetics DA - 1999/// PY - 1999/// VL - 23 SP - 228-232 ER - TY - CONF TI - Prediction of barrier properties of microporous membranes used in protective clothing AU - Barker, R. AU - McCord, M.G. AU - Zinglemann, J.L. A2 - C.N. Nelson, A2 - Henry, N.W. C2 - 1999/// C3 - Performance of protective clothing: issues and priorities for the 21st century. Seventh volume DA - 1999/// PB - West Conshohocken, PA: ASTM SN - 9780803128699 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Discourse, power, and knowledge in the management of "big science": The production of consensus in a nuclear fusion research laboratory AU - Kinsella, W. J. T2 - Management Communication Quarterly AB - This article extends a Foucauldian view of power/knowledge to the archetypical knowledge-intensive organization, the scientific research laboratory. Although Foucault hesitated to extend his analytics of power to the so-called hard sciences, rhetorical and social studies of science provide a foundation for such an extension. The article describes the discursive production of power/knowledge at a “big science” laboratory conducting nuclear fusion research and illuminates a critical incident in which the fusion research “discipline” imposes normative “discipline” on individual scientists and research teams. Here scientific knowledge is not solely a product of data and theory but emerges from a discursive formation in which management practices and institutional context frame the relationship between knowledge and power. DA - 1999/// PY - 1999/// DO - 10.1177/0893318999132001 VL - 13 IS - 2 SP - 171-208 ER - TY - RPRT TI - Phytophthora blight of peppers and cucurbits AU - Louws, F. AU - Holmes, G. AU - Ristaino, J. DA - 1999/// PY - 1999/// ER - TY - JOUR TI - Other floors, other voices: A textography of a small university building, by John M. Swales AU - Katz, S. T2 - Journal of Business Communication DA - 1999/// PY - 1999/// DO - 10.1177/002194369903600406 VL - 36 IS - 4 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Laboratory selection of a Tracer-resistant strain of the tobacco budworm and comparisons with field strains from the southeastern US AU - Bailey, W. D. AU - Young, H. P. AU - Roe, R. M. T2 - Beltwide Cotton Conferences. Proceedings DA - 1999/// PY - 1999/// VL - 2 IS - 1999 SP - 1221-1224 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Evolution of region-wide resistance in cotton bollworm to Bt cotton as influenced by Bt corn: Identification of key factors through computer simulation AU - Storer, N. P. AU - Gould, F. AU - Kennedy, G. G. AU - Peck, S. L. AU - Van Duyn, J. W. T2 - Beltwide Cotton Conferences. Proceedings DA - 1999/// PY - 1999/// VL - 2 IS - 1999 SP - 952-956 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Ever Since Adam and Eve slices human sexuality with a Darwinian blade: essay review of Ever Since Adam and Eve by Malcolm Potts and Roger Short AU - Kimler, W. C. T2 - American Scientist DA - 1999/// PY - 1999/// VL - 87 IS - 1999 SP - 362-366 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Assay kit for species and insecticide resistance diagnosis for tobacco budworm and bollworm in cotton AU - Roe, R. M. AU - Bailey, W.D. AU - Zhao, G. AU - Young, H.P. AU - Carter, L.M. AU - Gould, F. AU - Sorenson, C.E. AU - Kennedy, G.G. AU - Bacheler, J.S. T2 - Beltwide Cotton Conferences. Proceedings DA - 1999/// PY - 1999/// IS - 1999 SP - 926-930 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Using RNAi to investigate orthologous homeotic gene function during development of distantly related insects AU - Brown, Susan J. AU - Mahaffey, James P. AU - Lorenzen, Marce D. AU - Denell, Robin E. AU - Mahaffey, James W. T2 - Evolution and Development AB - Gene product distribution is often used to infer developmental similarities and differences in animals with evolutionarily diverse body plans. However, to address commonalties of developmental mechanisms, what is really needed is a method to assess and compare gene function in divergent organisms. This requires mutations eliminating gene function. Such mutations are often difficult to obtain, even in organisms amenable to genetic analysis. To address this issue we have investigated the use of double‐stranded RNA interference to phenocopy null mutations. We show that RNA interference can be used to phenocopy mutations of the Deformed orthologues in Drosophila and Tribolium. We discuss the possible use of this technique for comparisons of developmental mechanisms in organisms with differing ontogenies. DA - 1999/7// PY - 1999/7// DO - 10.1046/j.1525-142x.1999.99013.x VL - 1 IS - 1 SP - 11-15 J2 - Evol Dev LA - en OP - SN - 1520-541X 1525-142X UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1525-142x.1999.99013.x DB - Crossref ER - TY - JOUR TI - Ethics and professional responsibility AU - Herkert, J. R. T2 - Wiley encyclopedia of electrical and electronics engineering CN - TK9 .E53 1999 v.7 DA - 1999/// PY - 1999/// VL - 7 SP - 173-182 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Effects of aeration cycles and hydraulic retention time on the sequencing batch treatment of flushed swine manure AU - Bicudo, J. R. AU - Classen, J. J. AU - Goldsmith, C. D. AU - Smith, T. T2 - Advances in Environmental Research DA - 1999/// PY - 1999/// VL - 3 IS - 1 SP - U5-73 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Taxonomy and the personal equation: The historical fates of Charles Girard and Louis Agassiz AU - Jackson, , JR AU - Kimler, WC T2 - JOURNAL OF THE HISTORY OF BIOLOGY DA - 1999/// PY - 1999/// DO - 10.1023/A:1004784904703 VL - 32 IS - 3 SP - 509-555 SN - 0022-5010 KW - Louis Agassiz KW - Spencer Baird KW - Charles Girard KW - reputation KW - taxonomy KW - ichthyology KW - museum of comparative zoology KW - Smithsonian Institution ER - TY - JOUR TI - Synergistic interactions among beta-laminarinase, beta-1,4-glucanase, and beta-glucosidase from the hyperthermophilicarchaeon Pyrococcus furiosus during hydrolysis of beta-1,4-,beta-1,3-, and mixed-linked polysaccharides AU - Driskill, L. E. AU - Bauer, M. W. AU - Kelly, Robert T2 - Biotechnology and Bioengineering AB - The synergistic interaction among three β-specific glycosidases from the hyperthermophilic archaeon Pyrococcus furiosus, namely two endoglucanases (EglA and LamA) and an exo-acting β-glucosidase (Bgl), on barley-glucan and laminarin, was examined. In addition to following glucose release and the generation of reducing sugar ends, the distribution and amounts of oligomeric products from β-1,3- and β-1,4-linked substrates were determined as a function of extent of hydrolysis at 98°C. Positive interactions were noted between endo/exo glucanase combinations, leading to enhanced and rapid degradation of the larger complex carbohydrates to oligosaccharides. The EglA/LamA endo-acting combination was also synergistic in degrading barley-glucan. However, hydrolysis was most efficient when a blend of all three hydrolases was used, possibly due to the relief of product inhibition by the exoglyosidase. Furthermore, by monitoring the distribution of oligosaccharides present during hydrolysis, patterns of enzymatic attack could be followed in addition to determining the specific contributions of each hydrolase to the overall process. © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Biotechnol Bioeng 66: 51–60, 1999. DA - 1999/// PY - 1999/// DO - 10.1002/(SICI)1097-0290(1999)66:1<51::AID-BIT5>3.3.CO;2-B VL - 66 IS - 1 SP - 51–60 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Influence of foliar-applied Bacillus thuringiensis subsp tenebrionis and an early potato harvest on abundance and overwinter survival of Colorado potato beetles (Coleoptera : Chrysomelidae) in North Carolina AU - Nault, BA AU - Kennedy, GG T2 - JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY AB - The effects of Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. tenebrionis applications and early harvest of potatoes on reducing the size of overwintering Colorado potato beetle, Leptinotarsa decemlineata (Say), populations in eastern North Carolina were investigated over 3 yr. In large-plot (0.04 ha) experiments, potato beetle densities and defoliation levels in plots that were either treated with B. thuringiensis or left untreated were compared during the season. Similarly, the size of the overwintered potato beetle populations in these plots was compared the following spring. In a simulated harvest experiment, 1st-generation adults (generation that overwinters) were collected from untreated and B. thuringiensis-treated plots at various times and then placed into small field cages containing tubers and dead potato vines. Survival of these beetles was determined the following spring. Additionally, the effects of early harvests of ‘Atlantic’ and ‘Superior’ potatoes on marketable tuber yields were examined. Results suggest that a single foliar application of B. thuringiensis made when the large larval populations reached 1 per stem reduced and delayed the development of potato beetle populations and, more importantly, suppressed defoliation during the critical bloom stage. Although overwinter survival and the size of the overwintered population from plots treated with B. thuringiensis the previous season did not differ with those from untreated plots, overwinter survival was positively correlated with an increase in the period between planting and harvest. These results suggest that beetle populations could be reduced if potatoes are harvested before many 1st-generation adults emerge. To accomplish this while minimizing the potential for yield loss by harvesting too early, fields of the early-maturing variety Superior could be harvested as early as 85–92 d after planting. DA - 1999/10// PY - 1999/10// DO - 10.1093/jee/92.5.1165 VL - 92 IS - 5 SP - 1165-1171 SN - 0022-0493 KW - Leptinotarsa decemlineata KW - Bacillus thuringiensis subsp tenebrionis KW - overwinter KW - survival ER - TY - JOUR TI - Identification of residues in domain III of Bacillus thuringiensis Cry1Ac toxin that affect binding and toxicity AU - Lee, M. K. AU - You, T. H. AU - Gould, F. L. AU - Dean, D. H. T2 - Applied and Environmental Microbiology DA - 1999/// PY - 1999/// VL - 65 IS - 10 SP - 4513-4520 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Influence of nitrogen, photoperiod, cutting type, and clone on root and shoot development of rooted stem cuttings of sweetgum AU - Rieckermann, H AU - Goldfarb, B AU - Cunningham, MW AU - Kellison, RC T2 - NEW FORESTS DA - 1999/11// PY - 1999/11// DO - 10.1023/A:1006621330099 VL - 18 IS - 3 SP - 231-244 SN - 0169-4286 KW - Liquidambar styraciflua KW - vegetative propagation KW - nutrition KW - night-interruption ER - TY - JOUR TI - Nursery rooting and growth of loblolly pine cuttings: effects of rooting solution and full-sib family T2 - Southern Journal of Applied Forestry DA - 1999/// PY - 1999/// VL - 23 IS - 2 SP - 108-116 ER - TY - PAT TI - Compositions for fracturing subterranean formations AU - Kelly, R. M. AU - Khan, S. A. AU - Leduc, P. AU - Tayal, A. AU - Prud'homme, R. K. C2 - 1999/// DA - 1999/// PY - 1999/// ER - TY - JOUR TI - Rheology and molecular weight changes during enzymatic degradation of a water-soluble polymer AU - Tayal, A AU - Kelly, RM AU - Khan, SA T2 - MACROMOLECULES AB - The rheological behavior and molecular weight characteristics of a natural polymer undergoing enzymatic hydrolysis were examined for aqueous guar solutions. Changes in weight-average molecular weight (Mw), deduced from gel permeation chromatography (GPC), were used to construct a kinetic model for the process, such that 1/Mw ∝ kt, with the rate constant, k, varying inversely with polymer concentration. This relationship suggests that enzymatic degradation was zeroth-order in guar concentration. These findings contrast with previous studies of natural polymer degradation which usually have interpreted the linear relationship between 1/M and time as first-order processes. Our analysis reveals that this linear relationship is expected regardless of the reaction order and that the true order can be determined only from the dependence of the degradation rate on initial polymer concentration. Rheological properties were sensitive to extent of degradation; several orders of magnitude change in zero shear viscosity were observed over the course of polymer chain scission. Moreover, the viscosity−time profiles for different enzyme concentrations could be collapsed onto a single curve by temporal scaling. This could be used to predict, a priori, guar solution viscosity as a function of degradation time and enzyme concentration. This “concentration−degradation time” superposition was based on a unique relationship between zero shear viscosity, η0, and the product of enzyme concentration and degradation time. DA - 1999/1/26/ PY - 1999/1/26/ DO - 10.1021/ma980773w VL - 32 IS - 2 SP - 294-300 SN - 1520-5835 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Overexpression of the Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) Cry2Aa2 protein in chloroplasts confers resistance to plants against susceptible and Bt-resistant insects AU - Kota, M AU - Daniell, H AU - Varma, S AU - Garczynski, SF AU - Gould, F AU - Moar, WJ T2 - PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA AB - Evolving levels of resistance in insects to the bioinsecticide Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) can be dramatically reduced through the genetic engineering of chloroplasts in plants. When transgenic tobacco leaves expressing Cry2Aa2 protoxin in chloroplasts were fed to susceptible, Cry1A-resistant (20,000- to 40,000-fold) and Cry2Aa2-resistant (330- to 393-fold) tobacco budworm Heliothis virescens , cotton bollworm Helicoverpa zea , and the beet armyworm Spodoptera exigua , 100% mortality was observed against all insect species and strains. Cry2Aa2 was chosen for this study because of its toxicity to many economically important insect pests, relatively low levels of cross-resistance against Cry1A-resistant insects, and its expression as a protoxin instead of a toxin because of its relatively small size (65 kDa). Southern blot analysis confirmed stable integration of cry 2Aa2 into all of the chloroplast genomes (5,000–10,000 copies per cell) of transgenic plants. Transformed tobacco leaves expressed Cry2Aa2 protoxin at levels between 2% and 3% of total soluble protein, 20- to 30-fold higher levels than current commercial nuclear transgenic plants. These results suggest that plants expressing high levels of a nonhomologous Bt protein should be able to overcome or at the very least, significantly delay, broad spectrum Bt-resistance development in the field. DA - 1999/3/2/ PY - 1999/3/2/ DO - 10.1073/pnas.96.5.1840 VL - 96 IS - 5 SP - 1840-1845 SN - 0027-8424 KW - chloroplast transformation KW - insecticide resistance KW - resistance management ER - TY - JOUR TI - Habitat quality in a hostile river corridor AU - Fraser, D. F. AU - Gilliam, J. F. AU - MacGowan, M. P. AU - Arcaro, C. M. AU - Guillozet, P. H. T2 - Ecology (Brooklyn, New York, N.Y.) AB - Stream fish often occur in tributaries at high densities, and dispersal between tributaries must occur through the intervening river, whose attributes may differ from those of the tributaries. In Trinidad, tributaries of the Guanapo River have high densities of a killifish, Rivulus hartii, but the river also contains a strong piscivore that may affect the quality of the river as a movement corridor linking the adjoining tributaries. We hypothesized that R. hartii in the river, where they are scarce and confined to margins, would show stress as predicted for an animal in transit through a hostile corridor. We predicted that river fish would take in less food, grow more slowly, and contain fewer mature oocytes than tributary fish. We tested these predictions by comparing R. hartii from paired tributary and river sites for food intake, growth, and oocyte counts. We also asked whether R. hartii could spawn successfully in shallow water, such as at the river margins. To determine whether the river would satisfy criteria for its use as a movement corridor (movement along the river and movement in and out of tributaries), we marked 709 R. hartii in a 500-m stretch of river and two adjoining tributaries and recaptured them on seven sampling dates over a 15-mo period. Contrary to our predictions, R. hartii in the river showed no stress in the form of reduced food intake, growth, or suppressed reproductive output. Instead, we detected no difference in food intake of R. hartii sampled from paired tributary–river sites, and river R. hartii displayed a greater growth rate and contained more mature oocytes than did their tributary counterparts. Laboratory and field studies also revealed that R. hartii can spawn viable eggs in shallow water that does not cover their bodies. The movement study confirmed that the river has a conduit function for communication between tributaries, but the river also has a habitat function, as it contains resident individuals that grow and reproduce in the corridor. This means that movement of alleles and recolonization of local extinctions can occur via offspring of dispersers, rather than require successful movement of individuals directly between tributaries. DA - 1999/// PY - 1999/// DO - 10.2307/176638 VL - 80 IS - 2 SP - 597-607 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Cloning and expression of a novel juvenile hormone-metabolizing epoxide hydrolase during larval-pupal metamorphosis of the cabbage looper, Trichoplusia ni AU - Harris, SV AU - Thompson, DM AU - Linderman, RJ AU - Tomalski, MD AU - Roe, RM T2 - INSECT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AB - A full-length cDNA encoding for a microsomal juvenile hormone (JH)-metabolizing epoxide hydrolase (TmEH-1) was isolated from a cDNA library constructed from fat body of last stadium (wandering) cabbage loopers, Trichoplusia ni, at the exact developmental time of maximum JH epoxide hydrolase activity. TmEH-1 was 1887 base pairs in length with a 1389 base pair open reading frame encoding 463 amino acids. Amino acid sequence analysis showed that TmEH-1 was most similar to and contained the exact catalytic triad (Asp-226, Glu-403 and His-430) found in microsomal epoxide hydrolases. TmEH-1-specific message was present along with JH III epoxide hydrolase activity in fat body in feeding (days 1 and 2) and wandering (day 3) larvae with the peak in message level preceding the peak in JH epoxide hydrolase activity by 1 day. When TmEH-1 was expressed in baculovirus-infected Spodoptera frugiperda cells, a 46,000 molecular weight protein appeared on SDS-PAGE which corresponded to the predicted size coded by the TmEH-1 message and which was positively correlated with increases in JH III epoxide hydrolase activity above that of wild-type controls. In subcellular distribution studies, 58% of the juvenile hormone III epoxide hydrolase activity was in the insoluble fractions. Baculovirus expressed TmEH-1 demonstrated a higher specific activity for JH III as compared to the general EH substrates, cis- and trans-stilbene oxide. Southern blot analyses suggested that multiple epoxide hydrolase genes are present in T. ni. DA - 1999/2// PY - 1999/2// DO - 10.1046/j.1365-2583.1999.810085.x VL - 8 IS - 1 SP - 85-96 SN - 1365-2583 KW - juvenile hormone KW - epoxide hydrolase KW - cabbage looper KW - Trichoplusia ni ER - TY - JOUR TI - The politicization of retention elections - Lessons from the defeat of justices Lanphier and White AU - Reid, T. V. T2 - Judicature DA - 1999/// PY - 1999/// VL - 83 IS - 2 SP - 68-77 ER - TY - JOUR TI - The ethics of intellectual property and the new information technologies AU - Herkert, Joseph AU - Loui, M. T2 - IEEE Spectrum DA - 1999/// PY - 1999/// DO - 10.1109/mspec.1999.780996 VL - 36 IS - 8 SP - 29-37 UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-85008048805&partnerID=MN8TOARS ER - TY - JOUR TI - Relationship between glycosyl hydrolase inventory and growth physiology of the hyperthermophile Pyrococcus furiosus on carbohydrate-based media AU - Driskill, L. E. AU - Kusy, K. AU - Bauer, M. W. AU - Kelly, R. M. T2 - Applied and Environmental Microbiology DA - 1999/// PY - 1999/// VL - 65 IS - 3 SP - 893-897 ER - TY - JOUR TI - In planta localization of a beta-1,4-endoglucanase secreted by Heterodera glycines AU - Wang, XH AU - Meyers, D AU - Yan, YT AU - Baum, T AU - Smant, G AU - Hussey, R AU - Davis, E T2 - MOLECULAR PLANT-MICROBE INTERACTIONS AB - Polyclonal sera specific to β-1,4-endoglucanases (cellulases) synthesized in the subventral esophageal gland cells of the soybean cyst nematode, Heterodera glycines, were used to provide the first identification of a nematode esophageal gland protein that is secreted into host plant tissue. Sera generated to proteins encoded by Hg-eng-1 and Hg-eng-2 (endoglucanases) did not cross-react with soybean root proteins on Western blots (immunoblots) or in immunofluorescence microscopy of noninoculated (control) soybean root sections. In cross sections of soybean roots at 24 h after inoculation of roots with second-stage juveniles of H. glycines, HG-ENG-1 was localized within the nematode's subventral gland cells and was not detected in root tissue. HG-ENG-2 was localized within the subventral gland cells and was secreted from the juvenile's cortical tissue at 24 h after inoculation of roots with second-stage juveniles of H. glycines. HG-ENG-2 was localized along the juvenile's migratory path through the root cortex. DA - 1999/1// PY - 1999/1// DO - 10.1094/MPMI.1999.12.1.64 VL - 12 IS - 1 SP - 64-67 SN - 0894-0282 KW - antibodies KW - pathogenesis KW - plant-parasitic nematodes KW - secretions ER - TY - JOUR TI - Developmental expression of secretory beta-1,4-endoglucanases in the subventral esophageal glands of Heterodera glycines AU - Boer, JM AU - Yan, YT AU - Wang, XH AU - Smant, G AU - Hussey, RS AU - Davis, EL AU - Baum, TJ T2 - MOLECULAR PLANT-MICROBE INTERACTIONS AB - Two beta-1,4-endoglucanases (EGases), Hg-eng-1 and Hg-eng-2, were recently cloned from the soybean cyst nematode, Heterodera glycines, and their expression was shown in the subventral esophageal glands of hatched second-stage juveniles (J2). We examined the expression of these EGases in the subventral glands of all post-embryonic life stages of H. glycines by in situ hybridization and immunolocalization. The first detectable accumulation of EGase mRNAs occurred in the subventral glands of unhatched J2. EGase transcripts remained detectable in J2 after hatching and during subsequent root invasion. However, in late parasitic J2 and third-stage juveniles (J3), the percentage of individuals that showed EGase transcripts decreased. In female fourth-stage juveniles and adult females, EGase transcripts were no longer detected in the subventral glands. EGase hybridization signal reappeared in unhatched males coiled within the J3 cuticle, and transcripts were also present in the subventral glands of migratory adult males. Immunofluorescence labeling showed that EGase translation products are most abundantly present in the subventral glands of preparasitic J2, migratory parasitic J2, and adult males. The presence of EGases predominantly in the migratory stages suggests that the enzymes are used by the nematodes to soften the walls of root cells during penetration and intracellular migration. DA - 1999/8// PY - 1999/8// DO - 10.1094/MPMI.1999.12.8.663 VL - 12 IS - 8 SP - 663-669 SN - 0894-0282 KW - cellulase ER - TY - JOUR TI - An endoglucanase, eglA, from the hyperthermophilic archaeon Pyrococcus furiosus hydrolyzes beta-1,4 bonds in mixed-linkage(1 -> 3),(1 -> 4)-beta-D-glucans and cellulose AU - Bauer, M. W. AU - Driskill, L. E. AU - Callen, W. AU - Snead, M. A. AU - Mathur, E. J. AU - Kelly, R. M. T2 - Journal of Bacteriology DA - 1999/// PY - 1999/// VL - 181 IS - 1 SP - 284-290 ER - TY - CHAP TI - A Chitosan composite material for bone replacement AU - McCord, Marian AU - Spence, M. AU - Hudson, S. T2 - Proceedings of the First Joint BMES/EMBS Conference: Serving humanity, advancing technology: Oct. 13-16 99, Atlanta, GA USA A2 - al., S. M. Blanchard...et AB - A mineral-filled chitosan composite was characterized and evaluated for suitability as a bone graft substitute. Chitosan was selected as a matrix material due to its biodegradability and inherent wound healing properties. The mineral component of bone, hydroxyapatite, was chosen as a filler. Compositions were varied by changing the amount of polymer contained in the matrix as well as the percentage of filler contained in the composite. The evaluation of mechanical properties included three-point bend, double shear, and tensile testing. Samples were tested first in a dry condition, as well as after immersion in Ringer's solution. Scanning electron microscopy was performed on all the dry samples. It was observed that the mechanical properties of the composites in the dry condition improved as percentage of polymer in the matrix increased and as filler content decreased. Upon exposure to a physiological fluid the mechanical properties of the wet composites improved as filler content increased. CN - [Electronic resource] PY - 1999/// DO - 10.1109/iembs.1999.803884 VL - 2 SP - 729 PB - Piscataway, N.J.: IEEE SN - 9780780356740 ER - TY - JOUR TI - On interpreting inverse demand systems: A primal comparison of scale flexibilities and income elasticities AU - Park, H AU - Thurman, WN T2 - AMERICAN JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS AB - Abstract Scale flexibilities in inverse demand systems describe how marginal valuations change with expansions in the consumption bundle. Such effects clearly are related to income elasticities in direct demand systems. However, the connection is not so close as it first appears. We argue that the link between scale flexibilities and income elasticities is tight only if preferences are homothetic, a situation where neither measure is interesting, or if all elasticities of substitution are unitary. We make clear the relationship between the two measures in a coordinate system focusing on how marginal rates of substitution change with consumption scale and proportion. DA - 1999/11// PY - 1999/11// DO - 10.2307/1244337 VL - 81 IS - 4 SP - 950-958 SN - 0002-9092 KW - consumer demand KW - income elasticity KW - inverse demand KW - stale flexibility ER - TY - JOUR TI - Influence of polymolecular events on inactivation behavior of xylose isomerase from Thermotoga neapolitana 5068 AU - Hess, JM AU - Kelly, RM T2 - BIOTECHNOLOGY AND BIOENGINEERING AB - The inactivation behavior of the xylose isomerase from Thermotoga neapolitana (TN5068 XI) was examined for both the soluble and immobilized enzyme. Polymolecular events were involved in the deactivation of the soluble enzyme. Inactivation was biphasic at 95°C, pH 7.0 and 7.9, the second phase was concentration-dependent. The enzyme was most stable at low enzyme concentrations, however, the second phase of inactivation was 3- to 30-fold slower than the initial phase. Both phases of inactivation were more rapid at pH 7.9, relative to 7.0. Differential scanning calorimetry of the TN5068 XI revealed two distinct thermal transitions at 99° and 109°C. The relative magnitude of the second transition was dramatically reduced at pH 7.9 relative to pH 7.0. Approximately 24% and 11% activity were recoverable after the first transition at pH 7.0 and 7.9, respectively. When the TN5068 XI was immobilized by covalent attachment to glass beads, inactivation was monophasic with a rate corresponding to the initial phase of inactivation for the soluble enzyme. The immobilized enzyme inactivation rate corresponded closely to the rate of ammonia release, presumably from deamidation of labile asparagine and/or glutamine residues. A second, slower inactivation phase suggests the presence of an unfolding intermediate, which was not observed for the immobilized enzyme. The concentration dependence of the second phase of inactivation suggests that polymolecular events were involved. Formation of a reversible polymolecular aggregate capable of protecting the soluble enzyme from irreversible deactivation appears to be responsible for the second phase of inactivation seen for the soluble enzyme. Whether this characteristic is common to other hyperthermophilic enzymes remains to be seen. © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Biotechnol Bioeng 62: 509–517, 1999. DA - 1999/3/5/ PY - 1999/3/5/ DO - 10.1002/(SICI)1097-0290(19990305)62:5<509::AID-BIT2>3.0.CO;2-7 VL - 62 IS - 5 SP - 509-517 SN - 1097-0290 KW - Thermotoga neapolitana KW - xylose isomerase KW - deamidation KW - immobilization KW - inactivation ER - TY - JOUR TI - Electronic genie: The tangled history of silicon AU - Bassett, R T2 - IEEE ANNALS OF THE HISTORY OF COMPUTING DA - 1999/// PY - 1999/// DO - 10.1109/mahc.1999.801538 VL - 21 IS - 4 SP - 81-82 SN - 1058-6180 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Ecologically based approaches to management of Phytophthora blight on Bell pepper AU - Ristaino, JB AU - Johnston, SA T2 - PLANT DISEASE AB - HomePlant DiseaseVol. 83, No. 12Ecologically Based Approaches to Management of Phytophthora Blight on Bell Pepper PreviousNext OPENOpen Access licenseEcologically Based Approaches to Management of Phytophthora Blight on Bell PepperJean Beagle Ristaino and Stephen A. JohnstonJean Beagle RistainoSearch for more papers by this author and Stephen A. JohnstonSearch for more papers by this authorAffiliationsAuthors and Affiliations Jean Beagle Ristaino , North Carolina State University, Raleigh Stephen A. Johnston , Rutgers Agricultural Research and Extension Center, Bridgeton, NJ Published Online:23 Feb 2007https://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS.1999.83.12.1080AboutSectionsPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack Citations ShareShare onFacebookTwitterLinked InRedditEmailWechat DetailsFiguresLiterature CitedRelated Vol. 83, No. 12 December 1999SubscribeISSN:0191-2917e-ISSN:1943-7692 Metrics Article History Issue Date: 25 Jan 2008Published: 23 Feb 2007 Pages: 1080-1089 Information© 1999 The American Phytopathological SocietyPDF downloadCited byBiological Activity of Four Trichoderma Species Confers Protection against Rhizoctonia solani, the Causal Agent of Cucumber Damping-Off and Root Rot Diseases27 April 2023 | Sustainability, Vol. 15, No. 9Phytophthora capsici on Capsicum Plants: A Destructive Pathogen in Chili and Pepper Crops12 April 2023Major Soilborne Pathogens of Field Processing Tomatoes and Management Strategies19 January 2023 | Microorganisms, Vol. 11, No. 2New metabolites from Streptomyces pseudovenezuelaeNA07424 and their potential activity of inducing resistance in plants against Phytophthora capsici13 October 2022 | Pest Management Science, Vol. 79, No. 1Sympatric occurrence of sibling Phytophthora species associated with foot rot disease of black pepper in India23 February 2022 | Brazilian Journal of Microbiology, Vol. 53, No. 2Identification of molecular marker linked to resistance gene loci against Indian isolate of Phytophthora capsici L. causing root rot in chilli (Capsicum annuum L.)13 November 2021 | Australasian Plant Pathology, Vol. 51, No. 2Broad Resistance to Post-Harvest Fruit Rot in USVL Watermelon Germplasm Lines to Isolates of Phytophthora capsici Across the United StatesChandrasekar S. 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D. Meyer and M. K. Hausbeck7 December 2012 | Plant Disease, Vol. 97, No. 1Evaluation of Biorational Products for Management of Phytophthora Blight of Bell Pepper TransplantsCamilla Yandoc Ables, Jason C. Hong, Nancy Kokalis-Burelle, Joseph P. Albano, Elizabeth M. Lamb, and Erin N. Rosskopf27 July 2018 | Plant Health Progress, Vol. 14, No. 1Isolation, Characterization and Antifungal Activity of Proteinase Inhibitors from Capsicum chinense Jacq. Seeds2 November 2012 | The Protein Journal, Vol. 32, No. 1Activity of Ten Fungicides against Phytophthora capsici Isolates Resistant to Metalaxyl18 September 2012 | Journal of Phytopathology, Vol. 160, No. 11-12Advances in Research on Phytophthora capsici on Vegetable Crops in The United StatesLeah L. Granke, Lina Quesada-Ocampo, Kurt Lamour, and Mary K. Hausbeck22 October 2012 | Plant Disease, Vol. 96, No. 11Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria suppressive to Phytophthora blight affect microbial activities and communities in the rhizosphere of pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) in the fieldApplied Soil Ecology, Vol. 62An Evaluation of Cucurbits for Susceptibility to Cucurbitaceous and Solanaceous Phytophthora capsici isolatesT. B. Enzenbacher and M. K. Hausbeck5 September 2012 | Plant Disease, Vol. 96, No. 10Integrated management of Phytophthora capsici on solanaceous and cucurbitaceous crops: current status, gaps in knowledge and research needsCanadian Journal of Plant Pathology, Vol. 34, No. 4Sensitivity of Phytophthora capsici on Vegetable Crops in Georgia to Mandipropamid, Dimethomorph, and CyazofamidK. L. Jackson, J. Yin, and P. Ji9 August 2012 | Plant Disease, Vol. 96, No. 9Biocontrol Potential of Streptomyces griseus H7602 Against Root Rot Disease (Phytophthora capsici) in PepperThe Plant Pathology Journal, Vol. 28, No. 3Temperature linked degenerative tissue rots in Capsicum annuum (L.) varieties diseased with Phytophthora capsiciArchives Of Phytopathology And Plant Protection, Vol. 45, No. 12Inhibitory Effects of Essential Oils for Controlling Phytophthora capsiciYang Bi, He Jiang, Mary K. Hausbeck, and Jianjun J. Hao8 May 2012 | Plant Disease, Vol. 96, No. 6The oomycete broad-host-range pathogen Phytophthora capsici20 October 2011 | Molecular Plant Pathology, Vol. 13, No. 4Greenhouse and field evaluations of potassium phosphonate: the control of Phytophthora foot rot of black pepper in VietnamArchives Of Phytopathology And Plant Protection, Vol. 45, No. 6Aggressiveness and diversity of Phytophthora capsici on vegetable crops in Georgia7 February 2012 | Annals of Applied Biology, Vol. 160, No. 2Differential Gene Expression in Incompatible Interaction between Phytophthora capsici and Capsicum annuum1 March 2012 | Advanced Materials Research, Vol. 496Antagonistic Potential of Fluorescent Pseudomonads and Control of Crown and Root Rot of Cucumber Caused by Phythophtora drechsleriThe Plant Pathology Journal, Vol. 28, No. 1Purification and characterization of a 1,3-β-d-glucanase from Streptomyces torulosus PCPOK-0324Carbohydrate Polymers, Vol. 87, No. 2Evaluation of phytophthora root rot-resistant Capsicum annuum accessions for resistance to phytophthora foliar blight and phytophthora stem blightAgricultural Sciences, Vol. 03, No. 05Genetic diversity of Phytophthora capsici (Pythiaceae) isolates in Anhui Province of China based on ISSR-PCR markers1 January 2012 | Genetics and Molecular Research, Vol. 11, No. 4Application of acibenzolar-S-methyl and standard fungicides for control of Phytophthora blight on squashCrop Protection, Vol. 30, No. 12Systemic induction of a Capsicum chinense nitrate reductase by the infection with Phytophthora capsici and defence phytohormonesPlant Physiology and Biochemistry, Vol. 49, No. 10Investigating the Genetic Structure of Phytophthora capsici PopulationsL. M. Quesada-Ocampo, L. L. Granke, M. R. Mercier, J. Olsen, and M. K. Hausbeck11 August 2011 | Phytopathology®, Vol. 101, No. 9Effect of cultural practices and fungicides on Phytophthora fruit rot of watermelon in the CarolinasCrop Protection, Vol. 30, No. 7Dissipation and residue of dimethomorph in pepper and soil under field conditionsEcotoxicology and Environmental Safety, Vol. 74, No. 5Use of a Secretion Trap Screen in Pepper Following Phytophthora capsici Infection Reveals Novel Functions of Secreted Plant Proteins in Modulating Cell DeathSeon-In Yeom, Hyang-Ku Baek, Sang-Keun Oh, Won-Hee Kang, Sang Jik Lee, Je Min Lee, Eunyoung Seo, Jocelyn K. C. 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Smart4 November 2010 | Plant Disease, Vol. 94, No. 12Fungicidal activity of fluopicolide for suppression of Phytophthora capsici on squashCrop Protection, Vol. 29, No. 12Treatment with chitosan protects habanero pepper against the infection with Phytophthora capsici16 September 2010 | Israel Journal of Plant Sciences, Vol. 58, No. 1Comparison of Microbial Fungicides in Antagonistic Activities Related to the Biological Control of Phytophthora Blight in Chili Pepper Caused by Phytophthora capsiciThe Plant Pathology Journal, Vol. 26, No. 4Selection of genetically diverse Trichoderma spp. isolates for suppression of Phytophthora capsici on bell pepperCanadian Journal of Microbiology, Vol. 56, No. 10Activity and characterization of secondary metabolites produced by a new microorganism for control of plant diseasesNew Biotechnology, Vol. 27, No. 4Biocontrol Activity and Induction of Systemic Resistance in Pepper by Compost Water Extracts Against Phytophthora capsiciMee Kyung Sang, Jeong-Gyu Kim, and Ki Deok Kim13 July 2010 | Phytopathology®, Vol. 100, No. 8Managing Phytophthora Crown and Root Rot in Bell Pepper Using Fungicides and Host ResistanceJ. M. Foster and M. K. Hausbeck12 May 2010 | Plant Disease, Vol. 94, No. 6Characterization of a new fungal antagonist of Phytophthora capsiciScientia Horticulturae, Vol. 125, No. 3Baseline Sensitivity of Populations of Phytophthora capsici from China to Three Carboxylic Acid Amide (CAA) Fungicides and Sequence Analysis of Cholinephosphotranferases from a CAA-sensitive Isolate and CAA-resistant Laboratory MutantsJournal of Phytopathology, Vol. 158, No. 4Phytophthora infestans Prediction for a Potato Crop14 October 2009 | American Journal of Potato Research, Vol. 87, No. 1Gene expression profiles unique to chile (Capsicum annuum L.) resistant to Phytophthora root rotPlant Science, Vol. 178, No. 2Resistance of Pepper to Phytophthora Crown, Root, and Fruit Rot Is Affected by Isolate VirulenceJ. M. Foster and M. K. Hausbeck4 December 2009 | Plant Disease, Vol. 94, No. 1Potential of PGPR in Agricultural Innovations5 September 2010Phytophthora capsici on vegetable hosts in South Africa: distribution, host range and genetic diversityAustralasian Plant Pathology, Vol. 39, No. 5Dispersal and Movement Mechanisms of Phytophthora capsici SporangiaL. L. Granke, S. T. Windstam, H. C. Hoch, C. D. Smart, and M. K. Hausbeck12 October 2009 | Phytopathology®, Vol. 99, No. 11Histological and Cytological Changes Associated with Susceptible and Resistant Responses of Chili Pepper Root and Stem to Phytophthora capsici InfectionThe Plant Pathology Journal, Vol. 25, No. 2Aggressiveness of Three Snow Mold Fungi on Creeping Bentgrass Cultivars under Controlled Environment ConditionsThe Plant Pathology Journal, Vol. 25, No. 1Characterization of Bacillus luciferensis Strain KJ2C12 from Pepper Root, a Biocontrol Agent of Phytophthora Blight of PepperThe Plant Pathology Journal, Vol. 25, No. 1Fitness of Isolates of Phytophthora capsici Resistant to Mefenoxam from Squash and Pepper Fields in North CarolinaAdalberto C. Café-Filho and Jean Beagle Ristaino12 September 2008 | Plant Disease, Vol. 92, No. 10Comparative epidemiology of zoosporic plant pathogens31 July 2008 | European Journal of Plant Pathology, Vol. 122, No. 1Biological control of Phytophthora blight of pepper by antagonistic rhizobacteria selected from a sequential screening procedureBiological Control, Vol. 46, No. 3Recombinant Inbred Line Differential Identifies Race-Specific Resistance to Phytophthora Root Rot in Capsicum annuumO. Sy, R. Steiner, and P. W. 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Hausbeck9 January 2008 | Plant Disease, Vol. 92, No. 2Growth enhancement and Phytophthora blight (Phytophthora capsici Leonian) control by arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal inoculation in pepperCrop Protection, Vol. 26, No. 11Survival of Inoculum of Phytophthora capsici in Soil Through Time Under Different Soil TreatmentsRonald D. French-Monar, Jeffrey B. Jones, Monica Ozores-Hampton, and Pamela D. Roberts20 April 2007 | Plant Disease, Vol. 91, No. 5Characterization of Phytophthora capsici from Michigan Surface Irrigation WaterA. J. Gevens, R. S. Donahoo, K. H. Lamour, and M. K. Hausbeck16 March 2007 | Phytopathology®, Vol. 97, No. 4Genetic and Morphological Diversity of Temperate and Tropical Isolates of Phytophthora capsiciJ. H. Bowers, F. N. Martin, P. W. Tooley, and E. D. M. N. Luz16 March 2007 | Phytopathology®, Vol. 97, No. 4Reação de híbridos, linhagens e progênies de pimentão à requeima causada por Phytophthora capsici e ao mosaico amarelo causado por Pepper yellow mosaic vírus (PepYMV)Ciência e Agrotecnologia, Vol. 31, No. 1QTL Analysis for Resistance to Phytophthora capsici in Pepper Using a High Density SSR-based MapBreeding Science, Vol. 57, No. 2A Detached Cucumber Fruit Method to Screen for Resistance to Phytophthora capsici and Effect of Fruit Age on Susceptibility to InfectionA. J. Gevens, K. Ando, K. H. Lamour, R. Grumet, and M. K. Hausbeck16 February 2007 | Plant Disease, Vol. 90, No. 10Effect of urban plant debris and soil management practices on plant parasitic nematodes, Phytophthora blight and Pythium root rot of bell pepperCrop Protection, Vol. 25, No. 10Outbreak of basal stem rot and wilt disease of pepper in Katsina, NigeriaArchives Of Phytopathology And Plant Protection, Vol. 39, No. 2Incidence of Phytophthora Blight and Verticillium Wilt Within Chile Pepper Fields in New MexicoS. Sanogo and J. Carpenter16 February 2007 | Plant Disease, Vol. 90, No. 3Characterization of Phytophthora capsici Associated with Roots of Weeds on Florida Vegetable FarmsRonald D. French-Monar, Jeffrey B. Jones, and Pamela D. Roberts16 February 2007 | Plant Disease, Vol. 90, No. 3Evaluation of biocontrol efficiency of different Bacillus preparations and field application methods against Phytophthora blight of bell pepperBiological Control, Vol. 36, No. 2Activity of some aminoglycoside antibiotics against true fungi, Phytophthora and Pythium speciesJournal of Applied Microbiology, Vol. 99, No. 4Construction of 2 intraspecific linkage maps and identification of resistance QTLs for Phytophthora capsici root-rot and foliar-blight diseases of pepper ( Capsicumannuum L.)Genome, Vol. 48, No. 4Survival and recovery of Phytophthora capsici and oomycetes in tailwater and soil from vegetable fields in FloridaAnnals of Applied Biology, Vol. 146, No. 3Identification, Mefenoxam Sensitivity, and Compatibility Type of Phytophthora spp. Attacking Floriculture Crops in North CarolinaJ. Hwang and D. M. Benson5 February 2007 | Plant Disease, Vol. 89, No. 2Development of sequence characterized amplified region (SCAR) primers for the detection of Phyto.5.2, a major QTL for resistance to Phytophthora capsici Leon. in pepper19 January 2005 | Theoretical and Applied Genetics, Vol. 110, No. 4PLANT DISEASES CAUSED BY FUNGIPhytophthora capsici on Vegetable Crops: Research Progress and Management ChallengesMary K. Hausbeck and Kurt H. Lamour23 February 2007 | Plant Disease, Vol. 88, No. 12Phosphite effect on hot and sweet pepper reaction to Phytophthora capsiciScientia Agricola, Vol. 61, No. 5Host Range of Phytophthora capsici from Pumpkin and Pathogenicity of IsolatesD. Tian and M. Babadoost23 February 2007 | Plant Disease, Vol. 88, No. 5Systemic Resistance Induced by Trichoderma hamatum 382 in Cucumber Against Phytophthora Crown Rot and Leaf BlightJ. Khan, J. J. Ooka, S. A. Miller, L. V. Madden, and H. A. J. 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Porchas23 February 2007 | Plant Disease, Vol. 84, No. 9Adaptation of approaches to pest control in low-input agricultureCrop Protection, Vol. 19, No. 8-10New Frontiers in the Study of Dispersal and Spatial Analysis of Epidemics Caused by Species in the Genus PhytophthoraAnnual Review of Phytopathology, Vol. 38, No. 1Temporal Dynamics of Phytophthora Blight on Bell Pepper in Relation to the Mechanisms of Dispersal of Primary Inoculum of Phytophthora capsici in SoilL. S. Sujkowski, G. R. Parra, M. L. Gumpertz, and J. B. Ristaino22 February 2007 | Phytopathology®, Vol. 90, No. 2Diseases of Cucurbits and their ManagementComparative epidemiology of zoosporic plant pathogens DA - 1999/12// PY - 1999/12// DO - 10.1094/pdis.1999.83.12.1080 VL - 83 IS - 12 SP - 1080-1089 SN - 0191-2917 UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-0032742231&partnerID=MN8TOARS ER - TY - JOUR TI - The inflated calyx of Physalis angulata: A refuge from parasitism for Heliothis subflexa AU - Sisterson, MS AU - Gould, FL T2 - ECOLOGY DA - 1999/4// PY - 1999/4// DO - 10.2307/177040 VL - 80 IS - 3 SP - 1071-1075 SN - 0012-9658 KW - Cardiochiles nigriceps KW - Heliothis subflexa KW - monophagy KW - parasitism KW - Physalis angulata KW - refuge KW - specialist ER - TY - JOUR TI - Histopathological effects and growth reduction in a susceptible and a resistant strain of Heliothis virescens (Lepidoptera : Noctuidae) caused by sublethal doses of pure Cry1A crystal proteins from Bacillus thuringiensis AU - Martinez-Ramirez, AC AU - Gould, F AU - Ferre, J T2 - BIOCONTROL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY AB - Two strains of the tobacco budworm Heliothis virescens, one selected in the laboratory for resistance to Cry1Ac crystal protein from Bacillus thuringiensis (for which the mechanism of resistance was not associated with reduced binding) and an unselected control strain, were exposed to sublethal doses of pure Cry1A crystal proteins. A histopathological study was conducted to determine the epithelial damage caused by ingestion of Cry1Ac. Tissue sections of the midgut were obtained after 20, 40 and 60 min of toxin ingestion. Histopathological changes were observed primarily in columnar cells and were time-dependent. However, essentially the same level of damage was observed in the two strains. Toxin feeding tests with Cry1Ac and Cry1Ab, indicated that the toxins retarded growth and inhibited food intake of susceptible larvae, but did not significantly affect larvae of the resistant strain. Since the histopathological damage was similar in both strains, it appears that resistant larvae could repair (or substitute) more readily the damaged cells. DA - 1999/6// PY - 1999/6// DO - 10.1080/09583159929811 VL - 9 IS - 2 SP - 239-246 SN - 0958-3157 KW - Heliothis virescens KW - tobacco budworm KW - Bacillus thuringiensis KW - endotoxin KW - crystal proteins KW - insecticide resistance KW - histopathology ER - TY - JOUR TI - Carolina Ruby sweetpotato AU - Collins, W. W. AU - Pecota, K. V. AU - Yencho, G. C. T2 - HortScience DA - 1999/// PY - 1999/// VL - 34 IS - 1 SP - 155-156 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Binding of lipophilic nutrients to beta-lactoglobulin prepared by bioselective adsorption AU - Wang, QW AU - Allen, JC AU - Swaisgood, HE T2 - JOURNAL OF DAIRY SCIENCE AB - The binding of the lipophilic nutrients, retinal, vitamin D2, and retinyl palmitate by beta-lactoglobulin was measured by analysis of changes in the fluorescence of the tryptophanyl residue of beta-lactoglobulin or the retinyl moiety. The fluorescence intensity of the tryptophanyl residue was quenched by retinoid or vitamin D binding but was enhanced by palmitate binding. The analysis of competitive binding experiments with palmitate indicated that retinal and palmitate did not compete for the same site; however, vitamin D2, which binds with a stoichiometry of 2, appeared to displace palmitate at higher concentrations. Also, the retinoids and vitamin D2 were bound more tightly than was palmitate. The results are consistent with the model in which the retinoids and vitamin D2 bind in the calyx formed by the beta-barrel; palmitate and a second molecule of vitamin D2 bind in a surface pocket near the dimer contact region. Retinyl palmitate, which has both moieties, appeared to bind at both sites. DA - 1999/2// PY - 1999/2// DO - 10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(99)75231-8 VL - 82 IS - 2 SP - 257-264 SN - 0022-0302 KW - binding lipophilic nutrients KW - beta-lactoglobulin KW - bioselective adsorption ER - TY - JOUR TI - Spread of resistance in spatially extended regions of transgenic cotton: Implications for management of Heliothis virescens (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) AU - Peck, S. L. AU - Gould, Fred AU - Ellner, S. P. T2 - Journal of Economic Entomology AB - Through the use of a stochastic, spatially explicit, simulation model, we explored factors that may influence the regional development of resistance in Heliothis virescens (F.) to a Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) δ-endotoxin in transgenic cotton. The model represents the age structure of adults and larvae, plant to plant movement of larvae within a field, migration of adults among fields, plant type-genotype specific selection, and development time. We find that the spatial scale and the temporal pattern of refuges can have a strong effect on the development of resistance to B. thuringiensis in transgenic cotton. The time to resistance was in general significantly longer in regions where the same fields were used as a refuge year after year, compared with regions where the refuge fields are changed randomly from year to year. Spring movement of emerging adults onto wild hosts delays resistance if the movement is far enough from the field in which pupae overwintered. Increases in the summer migration rate and the distance moved delayed resistance development up to a point at which higher rates do not further delay resistance. Refuges were an effective strategy for delaying resistance. We found that delays in larval development time on Bt cotton may either increase or decrease the rate of resistance development, depending on complex interactions with the length of the growing season. Larval movement between Bt and non-Bt plants was found to increase the rate at which resistance developed, but this may be ameliorated with increasing mortality costs associated with larval movement. DA - 1999/// PY - 1999/// DO - 10.1093/jee/92.1.1 VL - 92 IS - 1 SP - 1–16 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Characterization of isolates of Phytophthora infestans from tomato and potato in North Carolina from 1993 to 1995 AU - Fraser, DE AU - Shoemaker, PB AU - Ristaino, JB T2 - PLANT DISEASE AB - Eighty-five isolates of Phytophthora infestans from 33 tomato and 8 potato fields in North Carolina, South Carolina, and Tennessee were collected from 1993 to 1995 and tested for mating type, sensitivity to metalaxyl, and allozyme genotype at glucose-6-phosphate isomerase (Gpi) and peptidase (Pep) loci. One isolate collected from potato in eastern North Carolina in 1994 was the A1 mating type, whereas all other isolates from potato and tomato were the A2 mating type. Six isolates were sensitive to metalaxyl (<40% growth at 1.0 μg of metalaxyl per ml), nineteen isolates were intermediate in sensitivity to metalaxyl (>40% growth at 1.0 μg of metalaxyl per ml and <40% growth at 100 μg of metalaxyl per ml), and sixty isolates were resistant to metalaxyl (<40% growth at 1.0 and 100 μg of metalaxyl per ml). Four different allozyme genotypes at the Gpi and Pep loci were identified. The single A1 isolate found on potato in eastern North Carolina had the dilocus allozyme genotype Gpi 86/100, Pep 92/100 and was identified as the US-1 genotype. Fifty-five isolates had the dilocus allozyme genotype Gpi 100/111, Pep 100/100 and were classified as the US-7 genotype, whereas twenty-four isolates were Gpi 100/111/122, Pep 100/100 and were classified as the US-8 genotype. Two isolates that were sensitive to meta-laxyl and seventeen isolates that were intermediate in sensitivity to metalaxyl were found among the US-7 and US-8 genotypes. In addition, five isolates had the allozyme genotype Gpi 100/100, Pep 92/100 (similar to the previously reported US-6 genotype), but they were the A2 mating type and either sensitive or intermediate in response to metalaxyl. These isolates composed a new genotype not previously reported in the United States and were designated as US-18. The US-7 genotype was more frequent on tomato in western North Carolina and the US-8 genotype was present on potato in eastern North Carolina, indicating that different inoculum sources are responsible for epidemics on the two crops in different regions of the state. DA - 1999/7// PY - 1999/7// DO - 10.1094/PDIS.1999.83.7.633 VL - 83 IS - 7 SP - 633-638 SN - 0191-2917 UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-0033035299&partnerID=MN8TOARS ER - TY - JOUR TI - Continuous culture as a tool for investigating the growth physiology of heterotrophic hyperthermophiles and extreme thermoacidophiles AU - Rinker, K. D. AU - Han, C. J. AU - Kelly, R. M. T2 - Journal of Applied Microbiology DA - 1999/// PY - 1999/// VL - 85 IS - 1999 SP - 118S-127 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Moving from print to digital media AU - Katz, S. M. AU - Odell, L. T2 - Works and Days DA - 1999/// PY - 1999/// VL - 17/18 IS - 1999/2000 SP - 139-156 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Mepiquat chloride applications with a canvas wick AU - Stewart, A. M. AU - Edmisten, K. L. AU - Wells, R. T2 - Beltwide Cotton Conferences. Proceedings DA - 1999/// PY - 1999/// IS - 1999 SP - 526 ER - TY - JOUR TI - The dark side of the force: A case study of restructuring and social capital AU - Schulman, Michael AU - Anderson, C. T2 - Rural Sociology AB - Abstract This paper uses a case study of a Southern textile community to show how a distinct form of social capital is embedded in local networks of power and domination. Textile firms and communities in the South have undergone restructuring: technology and labor processes have modernized, firms have merged, consolidated, or closed, and the number of workers has declined. An analysis of Cannon Mills and its associated mill community of Kannapolis identifies the sources of the paternalist form of social capital that dominated work and community social relations. Corporate mergers, downsizing, technological change, shifts in the labor market, municipal incorporation, and labor organizing contributed to the transformation and decline of paternalistic social capital. The case study reminds social scientists that social capital is a context dependent form of power that can be created, accumulated, or destroyed. While many current analyses treat social capital as an unquestioned positive force, the case study reveals the dark side of social capital. DA - 1999/// PY - 1999/// DO - 10.1111/j.1549-0831.1999.tb00357.x VL - 64 IS - 3 SP - 351–372 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Endless frontier: Vannevar Bush, engineer of the American century. AU - Bassett, R. T2 - Technology and Culture DA - 1999/// PY - 1999/// VL - 40 IS - 3 SP - 685-686 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Differential expression of G proteins in the mouse olfactory system AU - Wekesa, KS AU - Anholt, RRH T2 - BRAIN RESEARCH AB - Transmembrane signaling events at the dendrites and axons of olfactory receptor neurons mediate distinct functions. Whereas odorant recognition and chemosensory transduction occur at the dendritic membranes of olfactory neurons, signal propagation, axon sorting and target innervation are functions of their axons. The roles of G proteins in transmembrane signaling at the dendrites have been studied extensively, but axonal G proteins have not been investigated in detail. We used immunohistochemistry to visualize expression of α subunits of Go and Gi2 in the mouse olfactory system. Go is expressed ubiquitously on axons of olfactory receptor neurons throughout the olfactory neuroepithelium and in virtually all glomeruli in the main olfactory bulb. In contrast, expression of Gi2 is restricted to a sub-population of olfactory neurons, along the dorsal septum and the dorsal recess of the nasal cavity, which projects primarily to medial regions of the olfactory bulb, with the exception of glomeruli adjacent to the pathway of the vomeronasal nerve. In contrast to the overlapping expression patterns of Go and Gi2 in the main olfactory system, neurons expressing Go and those expressing Gi2 in the accessory olfactory bulb are more clearly separated, in agreement with previous studies. Vomeronasal axons terminating in glomeruli in the rostral region of the accessory olfactory bulb express Gi2, whereas those projecting to the caudal region express Go. Characterization of the expression patterns of Gi2 and Go in the olfactory projection is essential for future studies aimed at relating transmembrane signaling events to signal propagation, axon sorting and target innervation. DA - 1999/8/7/ PY - 1999/8/7/ DO - 10.1016/S0006-8993(99)01630-3 VL - 837 IS - 1-2 SP - 117-126 SN - 0006-8993 KW - G protein KW - olfaction KW - olfactory bulb KW - accessory olfactory bulb KW - olfactory neuron KW - chemotopic projection ER - TY - JOUR TI - Concrete ethics AU - Herkert, J. R. T2 - Science and Engineering Ethics DA - 1999/// PY - 1999/// VL - 5 IS - 4 SP - 554-555 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Biocatalysis and biotransformation - Editorial overview AU - Kelly, RM AU - Waldmann, H T2 - CURRENT OPINION IN CHEMICAL BIOLOGY DA - 1999/2// PY - 1999/2// DO - 10.1016/S1367-5931(99)80002-7 VL - 3 IS - 1 SP - 9-10 SN - 1367-5931 ER -