TY - BOOK TI - Invasive Plants of California Wildlands AU - Irwin, R. AU - Bossard, C.C. AU - Randall, J.M. AU - Hoshovsky, M.C. DA - 2001/// PY - 2001/// VL - 47 SE - 161–162 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Field and allozyme studies investigating optimal mating success in two sympatric spring-ephemeral plants, Trillium erectum and T. grandiflorum AU - Irwin, Rebecca E T2 - Heredity AB - A combination of field experiments and allozyme studies was used to test whether two spring-ephemeral plants growing in eastern North America, Trillium erectum and T. grandiflorum (Liliaceae), exhibited an optimal outcrossing distance for fruit and seed production. Furthermore, the spatial genetic structure of the Trillium populations was examined in light of the outcrossing results. In field experiments, recipient plants were pollinated with either self pollen or with pollen from donors growing 1 m, 10 m, 100 m, and 1500 m away. These distances represented crosses between individuals growing within the same population (1 m, 10 m, and 100 m crosses) and between individuals growing in different populations (1500 m crosses). Self-pollinated T. erectum and T. grandiflorum produced 71% and 89% fewer seeds, respectively, than all other outcrossing treatments. However, there were no significant differences among outcrossing treatments for fruit or seed production. As neither T. erectum nor T. grandiflorum exhibited an optimal outcrossing distance for fruit or seed production, it was predicted that populations of the two would not demonstrate strong spatial genetic structure or isolation by distance. The allozyme results only partially supported the patterns revealed in the outcrossing treatments. Populations of T. erectum and T. grandiflorum showed moderate spatial genetic differentiation based on F-statistics, and only T. grandiflorum exhibited significant isolation by distance based on spatial autocorrelation analyses. The lack of optimal outcrossing distances and the patterns of allozyme variation in T. erectum and T. grandiflorum populations may be attributed to a number of factors, including active seed dispersal by ants, rare long-distance gene-flow events, post-pollination and post-fertilization selection, and/or the severity of inbreeding depression. DA - 2001/8// PY - 2001/8// DO - 10.1046/j.1365-2540.2001.00896.x VL - 87 IS - 2 SP - 178-189 J2 - Heredity OP - SN - 0018-067X 1365-2540 UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2540.2001.00896.x DB - Crossref ER - TY - JOUR TI - The impact of floral larceny on individuals, populations, and communities AU - Irwin, Rebecca E. AU - Brody, Alison K. AU - Waser, Nickolas M. T2 - Oecologia DA - 2001/10// PY - 2001/10// DO - 10.1007/s004420100739 VL - 129 IS - 2 SP - 161-168 J2 - Oecologia LA - en OP - SN - 0029-8549 1432-1939 UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004420100739 DB - Crossref ER - TY - JOUR TI - Elasticity analysis for conservation decision making: Reply to Ehrlen et al. AU - Mills, L. S. AU - Doak, D. F. AU - Wisdom, M. J. T2 - Conservation Biology AB - Conservation BiologyVolume 15, Issue 1 p. 281-283 Elasticity Analysis for Conservation Decision Making: Reply to Ehrlén et al. L. Scott Mills, L. Scott Mills Wildlife Biology Program, School of Forestry, University of Montana, Missoula, MT 59812, U.S.A., email smills@forestry.umt.eduSearch for more papers by this authorDaniel F. Doak, Daniel F. Doak Department of Biology, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, U.S.A.Search for more papers by this authorMichael J. Wisdom, Michael J. Wisdom U.S. Forest Service, Forestry and Range Sciences Laboratory, 1401 Gekeler Lane, La Grande, OR 97850, U.S.A.Search for more papers by this author L. Scott Mills, L. Scott Mills Wildlife Biology Program, School of Forestry, University of Montana, Missoula, MT 59812, U.S.A., email smills@forestry.umt.eduSearch for more papers by this authorDaniel F. Doak, Daniel F. Doak Department of Biology, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, U.S.A.Search for more papers by this authorMichael J. Wisdom, Michael J. Wisdom U.S. Forest Service, Forestry and Range Sciences Laboratory, 1401 Gekeler Lane, La Grande, OR 97850, U.S.A.Search for more papers by this author First published: 18 July 2008 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1523-1739.2001.00300.xCitations: 11AboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditWechat No abstract is available for this article.Citing Literature Volume15, Issue1February 2001Pages 281-283 RelatedInformation DA - 2001/// PY - 2001/// DO - 10.1111/j.1523-1739.2001.00300.x VL - 15 IS - 1 SP - 281-283 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Contrasting effects of plant richness and composition on insect communities: A field experiment AU - Haddad, NM AU - Tilman, D AU - Haarstad, J AU - Ritchie, M AU - Knops, JMH T2 - AMERICAN NATURALIST AB - We experimentally separated the effects of two components of plant diversity-plant species richness and plant functional group richness-on insect communities. Plant species richness and plant functional group richness had contrasting effects on insect abundances, a result we attributed to three factors. First, lower insect abundances at higher plant functional group richness were explained by a sampling effect, which was caused by the increasing likelihood that one low-quality group, C4 grasses, would be present and reduce average insect abundances by 25%. Second, plant biomass, which was positively related to plant functional group richness, had a strong, positive effect on insect abundances. Third, a positive effect of plant species richness on insect abundances may have been caused by greater availability of alternate plant resources or greater vegetational structure. In addition, a greater diversity of insect species, whose individual abundances were often unaffected by changes in plant species richness, may have generated higher total community abundances. After controlling for the strong, positive influence of insect abundance on insect diversity through rarefaction, insect species richness increased as plant species richness and plant functional group richness increased. Although these variables did not explain a high proportion of variation individually, plant species richness and plant functional group richness had similar effects on insect diversity and opposing effects on insect abundances, and both factors may explain how the loss of plant diversity influences higher trophic levels. DA - 2001/7// PY - 2001/7// DO - 10.1086/320866 VL - 158 IS - 1 SP - 17-35 SN - 0003-0147 KW - abundance KW - composition KW - diversity KW - functional groups KW - insects KW - species richness ER -