TY - JOUR TI - Molecular studies of microbial population dynamics in anaerobic biological treatment systems T2 - Mededelingen Faculteit Landbouwkundige en Toegepaste Biologische Wetenschappen Universiteit Gent DA - 1995/// PY - 1995/// UR - https://publons.com/wos-op/publon/15001864/ ER - TY - CONF TI - The Evaluation of the Fluid Mechanics Generated in the Flocculation Process: Effects of Tank Size and Impeller Type AU - Ducoste, J.J. AU - Clark, M.M. AU - Weetman, R.J. T2 - American Water Works Association National Conference C2 - 1995/// C3 - Proceedings of the American Water Works Association National Conference CY - Anaheim, California DA - 1995/// PY - 1995/// ER - TY - JOUR TI - The Takin (Bovidae, Caprinae) in Arunachal Pradesh, India AU - Sharma, D. AU - Manjrekar, N. AU - Mukherjee, S. AU - Katti, M.V. AU - Rawat, G.S. AU - Singh, P. AU - Johnsingh, A.J.T. T2 - Mammalia DA - 1995/// PY - 1995/// VL - 59 IS - 3 SP - 444–446 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Conflicts of Coexistence? AU - Katti, Madhusudan T2 - Current Science DA - 1995/8// PY - 1995/8// VL - 69 IS - 4 SP - 305–307 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Airway obstruction in boilermakers exposed to fuel oil ash. A prospective investigation. AU - Hauser, R AU - Elreedy, S AU - Hoppin, J A AU - Christiani, D C T2 - American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine AB - We prospectively investigated the lower airway response in boilermakers overhauling an oil-powered boiler. We studied 26 male boilermakers with a mean age (SD) of 43.3 (8.6) yr. Pre-exposure spirometry and methacholine challenge tests were performed before beginning the boiler overhaul; postexposure tests were performed after approximately 4 wk of work on the boiler. Exposure to particulates with an aerodynamic diameter of 10 microns and smaller (PM10) and respirable vanadium dust were estimated using daily work diaries and a personal sampling device for respirable particles. Using these estimates, we calculated average and peak exposure between pre- and postexposure tests for each subject. The average PM10 concentration ranged from 1.44 to 6.69 mg/m3, with a mean (SD) of 3.22 (1.42) mg/m3; the average vanadium concentration ranged from 2.2 to 31.3, with a mean (SD) of 12.2 (9.1) micrograms/m3. The mean postexposure fall in FEV1 was 140 +/- 160 ml (p < 0.01); 24 of 26 subjects had a drop in FEV1. For each subject, the adjusted change in FEV1 (delta FEV1.adj) was calculated by dividing the change in FEV1 by the average of the pre- and postexposure FEV1 values. The delta FEV1.adj was regressed, controlling age and current smoking status, on average and peak exposure to both PM10 and vanadium. There was a dose-response relationship between average and peak PM10 exposure and delta FEV1.adj: beta = -0.91% per mg/m3, p = 0.08 and beta = -1.03% per mg/m3, p = 0.03, respectively. However, there was no relationship between delta FEV1.adj and respirable vanadium dust concentration. Furthermore, there was no postexposure change in nonspecific airway responsiveness. In summary, we found a significant fall in FEV1 and a dose-response relationship between delta FEV1.adj and average and peak PM10 exposure.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS) DA - 1995/11// PY - 1995/11// DO - 10.1164/ajrccm.152.5.7582280 VL - 152 IS - 5 SP - 1478-1484 J2 - Am J Respir Crit Care Med LA - en OP - SN - 1073-449X 1535-4970 UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1164/ajrccm.152.5.7582280 DB - Crossref ER - TY - JOUR TI - Letter to the Editor AU - Walton, B.T. AU - Anderson, T.A. AU - Guthrie, E.A. T2 - Environmental Science & Technology DA - 1995/2// PY - 1995/2// ER - TY - JOUR TI - Upper airway response in workers exposed to fuel oil ash: nasal lavage analysis. AU - Hauser, R AU - Elreedy, S AU - Hoppin, J A AU - Christiani, D C T2 - Occupational and Environmental Medicine AB - OBJECTIVES--Among other constituents, fuel oil ash contains vanadium pentoxide, a known respiratory irritant. Exposure to ambient vanadium pentoxide dust has been shown to produce irritation of the eyes, nose, and throat. The usefulness of nasal lavage in detecting an inflammatory response to exposure to fuel oil ash among 37 boilermakers and utility workers was investigated. METHODS--A baseline lavage was performed on the morning of the first day back to work after an average of 114 days away from work (range 36 hours to 1737 days). A lavage was performed after exposure on the morning three days after the baseline lavage. Exposure to respirable particulate matter of diameter < or = 10 microns (PM10) and respirable vanadium dust were estimated with daily work diaries and a personal sampling device for respirable particulates. These estimates were made for each subject on each workday during the three days between lavages. For each subject, the adjusted change in polymorphonuclear cells was calculated by dividing the change in polymorphonuclear cell counts by the average of the counts before and after exposure. The association between the adjusted polymorphonuclear cell counts and exposure was assessed with multiple linear regression, adjusted for age and current smoking. RESULTS--Personal sampling (one to 10 hour time weighted average) showed a range of PM10 concentrations of 50 to 4510 micrograms/m3, and respirable vanadium dust concentration of 0.10 to 139 micrograms/m3. In smokers the adjusted polymorphonuclear cell count was not significantly different from zero (-0.1%, P > 0.5), but in nonsmokers it was significantly greater than zero (+50%, P < 0.05). In both non-smokers and smokers, there was considerable variability in adjusted polymorphonuclear cell counts and a dose-response relation between these adjusted cell counts and either PM10 or respirable vanadium dust exposure could not be found. CONCLUSION--A significant increase in polymorphonuclear cells in non-smokers but not smokers was found. This suggests that in non-smokers, exposure to fuel oil ash is associated with upper airway inflammation manifested as increased polymorphonuclear cell counts. The lack of an increase in polymorphonuclear cells in smokers may reflect either a diminished inflammatory response or may indicate that smoking masks the effect of exposure to fuel oil ash. DA - 1995/5/1/ PY - 1995/5/1/ DO - 10.1136/oem.52.5.353 VL - 52 IS - 5 SP - 353-358 J2 - Occupational and Environmental Medicine LA - en OP - SN - 1351-0711 UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/oem.52.5.353 DB - Crossref KW - NASAL LAVAGE KW - FUEL OIL ASH KW - VANADIUM ER - TY - JOUR TI - Airway obstruction in boilermakers exposed to fuel oil ash: A prospective investigation AU - Hauser, R. AU - Elreedy, S. AU - Hoppin, J.A. AU - Christiani, D.C. T2 - American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine DA - 1995/// PY - 1995/// VL - 152 IS - 5 I SP - 1478-1484 UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-0028806709&partnerID=MN8TOARS ER - TY - JOUR TI - Validation of K-XRF bone lead measurement in young adults. AU - Hoppin, J A AU - Aro, A C AU - Williams, P L AU - Hu, H AU - Ryan, P B T2 - Environmental Health Perspectives AB - K-X-ray fluorescence (K-XRF) is a useful tool for assessing environmental exposure to lead in occupationally exposed individuals and older adults. This study explores the possibility of using this technique on young adults with low environmental lead exposure. Twenty-three college students, aged 18-21 years, were recruited for 2 hr of bone lead measurement. Bone lead measurements were taken from the mid-shaft tibia for periods of 30 or 60 min. In the analysis, 30-min measurements were combined so that each subject had the equivalent of two 60-min measurements. The average concentration of two bone lead measurements in this population ranged from -1.5 to 8.2 micrograms Pb/g bone mineral, with a mean of 3.0 micrograms Pb/g bone mineral. In a one sample t-test, this mean was significantly different from 0 (p < 0.0001). A linear trend with age was detected despite the small age range of our population. By doubling the sampling time, the reported measurement uncertainty decreased by a factor of 1.5, resulting in uncertainty estimates below the mean bone lead estimates. Power calculations using the observed variance estimates suggest that with 80% power, differences in bone lead concentration of 2-3 micrograms Pb/g bone mineral can be identified in groups of 100 or smaller. Due to the large within-person variation in young adults, K-XRF may not yet be a useful diagnostic tool for individual subjects, but it may be of great use to environmental scientists trying to characterize long-term lead exposure and dose in the general population or specific subpopulations. DA - 1995/1// PY - 1995/1// DO - 10.1289/ehp.9510378 VL - 103 IS - 1 SP - 78-83 J2 - Environmental Health Perspectives LA - en OP - SN - 0091-6765 1552-9924 UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.9510378 DB - Crossref ER - TY - RPRT TI - Municipal solid waste landfill regulations in North Carolina. AU - Sherman, R. A3 - NC State Cooperative Extension DA - 1995/// PY - 1995/// M1 - AG‐473‐16 PB - NC State Cooperative Extension SN - AG‐473‐16 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Molecular studies of microbial population dynamics in anaerobic biological treatment systems AU - Raskin, L. AU - Zheng, D. AU - Griffin, M. E. AU - De Los Reyes, F. T2 - Mededelingen Faculteit Landbouwkundige en Toegepaste Biologische Wetenschappen Universiteit Gent DA - 1995/// PY - 1995/// VL - 60 IS - 4A-B SP - 2619-2626 UR - http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcAuth=ORCID&SrcApp=OrcidOrg&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=BCI&KeyUT=BCI:BCI199698716466&KeyUID=BCI:BCI199698716466 ER - TY - BOOK TI - Reducing commercial and industrial solid waste for community solid waste managers: Trainer's guide AU - Sherman, R. DA - 1995/// PY - 1995/// PB - Morgantown, VA: National Environmental Training Center for Small Communities ER - TY - BOOK TI - Reducing commercial and industrial solid waste for community solid waste managers: Participant materials (Rev. 1995) AU - Sherman, R. DA - 1995/// PY - 1995/// PB - Morgantown, VA: National Environmental Training Center for Small Communities ER - TY - BOOK TI - Municipal solid waste landfill regulations in North Carolina AU - Sherman, R. DA - 1995/// PY - 1995/// PB - Raleigh, NC: Cooperative Extension Service ER - TY - CONF TI - Effect of primary substrate on the reduction of 2,4-dinitrotoluene AU - Cheng, J. AU - Suidan, M. T. AU - Venosa, A. D. C2 - 1995/// C3 - E.P.A. Symposium on Bioremediation of Hazardous Wastes (Rye Brook, New York) DA - 1995/// SP - 94-97 ER - TY - CONF TI - Anaerobic biotransformation of 2,4-dinitrotoluene with different primary substrates AU - Cheng, J. AU - Suidan, M. T. AU - Venosa, A. D. C2 - 1995/// C3 - Proceedings, WEFTEC '95 : 68th Annual Conference & Exposition, Miami Beach, Florida. DA - 1995/// VL - 1 SN - 1572780258 ER -