TY - JOUR TI - STORAGE, MANIPULATION OF EMERGENCE, AND ESTIMATION OF NUMBERS OF TRICHOGRAMMA-PRETIOSUM AU - STINNER, RE AU - RIDGWAY, RL AU - KINZER, RE T2 - ENVIRONMENTAL ENTOMOLOGY AB - Laboratory experiments indicated that last-day pupae of the braconid parasite Trichogramma pretiosum Riley can be stored at 16.7°C from 4–10 days without detrimental effects on emergence, and up to 12 days if temperature is decreased to 15°C on the 6th day of storage. After such storage, an average of 93% of the adults emerged within 4 h at 26.7°C under a variety of light intensities. A sampling study showed that the number of T. pretiosum adults produced on individual rearing cards could be estimated within 6% of the actual mean by selective sampling of 0.65% of the material. DA - 1974/// PY - 1974/// DO - 10.1093/ee/3.3.505 VL - 3 IS - 3 SP - 505-507 SN - 0046-225X ER - TY - JOUR TI - POPULATION-DYNAMICS OF HELIOTHIS-ZEA (BODDIE)LEPIDOPTERA-NOCTUIDAE AND H VIRESCENS (F) LEPIDOPTERA-NOCTUIDAE IN NORTH-CAROLINA - SIMULATION-MODEL AU - STINNER, RE AU - RABB, RL AU - BRADLEY, , JR T2 - ENVIRONMENTAL ENTOMOLOGY AB - A model is described for stimulation of the population dynamics of Heliothis spp. The salient features of the model include: (1) developmental means and variances about these means nonlinearly dependent on temperature; (2) separation of the general adult pool through adult attraction to spatially and temporally variant host-plant characteristics; and (3) cannabalism as a function of larval density, age-class structure within larvae, available feeding sites, and larval spatial distribution. Results of an initial simulation effort are also presented. DA - 1974/// PY - 1974/// DO - 10.1093/ee/3.1.163 VL - 3 IS - 1 SP - 163-168 SN - 0046-225X ER - TY - JOUR TI - ALGORITHM FOR TEMPERATURE-DEPENDENT GROWTH-RATE SIMULATION AU - STINNER, RE AU - GUTIERREZ, AP AU - BUTLER, GD T2 - CANADIAN ENTOMOLOGIST AB - Abstract With the current advances in insect population modelling, the need for more accurate simulation of temperature-dependent growth rates has become vital. The day-degree concept, with its linear temperature–rate relationship, has not been adequate for simulation of field populations under highly variable temperature conditions. Similarly, several of the non-linear relationships proposed in the past (Janisch’s catenary, parabola) have also been inadequate. All of these relationships produce large errors at temperature extremes. This paper presents a comparison of various functions which have been used for developmental time estimation and an algorithm for a sigmoid function which can be used in simulations having either a calendar or a physiological time base. Validation of the algorithm is presented for three insect species. DA - 1974/// PY - 1974/// DO - 10.4039/Ent106519-5 VL - 106 IS - 5 SP - 519-524 SN - 1918-3240 ER -