TY - CONF TI - How important is mutation for selection responses? AU - Zeng, Z.-B. AU - Tachida, H. C2 - 1990/// C3 - Proceedings of the 4th World Congress on Genetics Applied to Livestock Production DA - 1990/// VL - 13 SP - 301–305 ER - TY - JOUR TI - CO2 enrichment of tomatoes: relationship of foliar stress symptoms to starch concentrations and carbon exchange rates AU - Tripp, K. AU - Peet, M. AU - Pharr, D.M. AU - Willits, D. T2 - Plant Physiology DA - 1990/// PY - 1990/// VL - 93 IS - Suppl. SP - 56 ER - TY - NEWS TI - Does CO2 enrichment pay off in North Carolina greenhouses? T2 - North Carolina Greenhouse Vegetable Growers' Newsletter PY - 1990/3// ER - TY - CONF TI - Case Studies of CO2 enrichment responses: chrysanthemum, cucumbers and tomatoes AU - Peet, M.M. AU - Willits, D.H. AU - Tripp, K.E. AU - Pharr, D.M. AU - Depa, M.A. AU - Kuehny, J.S. AU - Nelson, P.V. C2 - 1990/// C3 - Proceedings Global Climate Change Symposium DA - 1990/// VL - 479 SP - 52–61 PB - North Carolina Agricultural Research Service (NCARS) ER - TY - CHAP TI - Modulation of nutrient uptake in Chrysanthemum by irradiance, CO2, season and developmental stage AU - Willits, D.H. AU - Peet, M.M. AU - Depa, M.A. AU - Kuehny, J.S. AU - Nelson, P.V. T2 - Monograph- Mechanisms of plant perceptions and response to environmental stimuli A2 - Thomas, T.H. A2 - Smith, A.R. PY - 1990/// SP - 59–65 PB - British Society for Plant Growth Regulation ER - TY - CHAP TI - Cell, tissue, and organ culture techniques for genetic improvement of cucurbits AU - Wehner, T.C. AU - Cade, R.M. AU - Locy, R.D. T2 - Biology and Utilization of the Cucurbitaceae A2 - Bates, D.M. A2 - Robinson, R.W. A2 - Jeffrey, C. PY - 1990/// DO - 10.7591/9781501745447-032 SP - 367–381 PB - Cornell University Press SN - 9780801416705 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Review of genes and linkage groups in cucumber AU - Pierce, L.K. AU - Wehner, T.C. T2 - HortScience DA - 1990/// PY - 1990/// VL - 25 SP - 605–615 ER - TY - MGZN TI - The ornamental birches: A descriptive key AU - Ranney, T.G. T2 - Mountain Nursery Newsletter DA - 1990/// PY - 1990/// ER - TY - CONF TI - Evaluation and selection of drought resistant species of birch AU - Ranney, T.G. AU - Bir, R.E. AU - Skroch, W.A. C2 - 1990/// C3 - Proceedings of the Southern Nursery Association Research Conference, 35th Annual Report DA - 1990/// SP - 304–307 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Effects of transplanting practices on 'Colt' cherry AU - Ranney, T.G. AU - Bassuk, N.L. AU - Whitlow, T.H. T2 - American Nurseryman DA - 1990/// PY - 1990/// VL - 171 SP - 79–82 ER - TY - JOUR TI - SPRUCE BUDWORM (LEPIDOPTERA, TORTRICIDAE) EGG MASS DIMENSIONS AND CORRESPONDING EGG COMPLEMENT ON BLACK SPRUCE AU - ROBISON, DJ AU - ABRAHAMSON, LP AU - WHITE, EH AU - JENNINGS, DT AU - CZAPOWSKYJ, MM T2 - ENVIRONMENTAL ENTOMOLOGY AB - Regression equations were constructed relating spruce budworm, Choristoneura fumiferana (Clemens), egg mass dimensions to number of eggs per egg mass on black spruce, Picea mariana (Miller) B.S.P., in northern Maine. Comparison of the results from the current study and from previously published studies suggest that the relationship between egg mass dimensions and number of eggs per egg mass is relatively constant over a broad range of conditions. DA - 1990/4// PY - 1990/4// DO - 10.1093/ee/19.2.257 VL - 19 IS - 2 SP - 257-259 SN - 0046-225X ER - TY - JOUR TI - LONG-TERM RESPONSE TO ARTIFICIAL SELECTION WITH MULTIPLE ALLELES - STUDY BY SIMULATIONS AU - ZENG, ZB AU - COCKERHAM, CC T2 - THEORETICAL POPULATION BIOLOGY AB - The effect of multiple alleles on long-term response to selection is examined by simulations using a pseudosampling technique to simulate the multidimensional diffusion process. The effects of alleles are independently drawn from a normal distribution and the initial frequencies of alleles are assumed either to be equal or to be drawn from a neutral equilibrium population. With these two initial gene frequency distributions we examined various properties of the selection response process for the effects of number of alleles and selection intensity. For neutral initial frequencies the effects of multiple alleles compared with two alleles are minor on the ratio of final to initial response (E(R infinity/E(R1)) and the half life of response (t0.5), but are significant on the variance of response. Under certain conditions the variance of the selection limit can even increase as selection gets stronger. For equal initial frequencies the effects of multiple alleles are, however, minor on the ratio of the variance of the selection limit to the initial genetic variance, but E(R infinity/E(R1) and t0.5 increase as the number of alleles increases. The results show that for certain statistics the effects of multiple alleles can be minimized by an appropriate transformation of parameters for given initial gene frequencies, but the effects cannot, in general, be removed by any single transformation or reparameterization of parameters. DA - 1990/2// PY - 1990/2// DO - 10.1016/0040-5809(90)90039-X VL - 37 IS - 1 SP - 254-272 SN - 1096-0325 ER - TY - JOUR TI - How informative is Wright's estimator of the number of genes affecting a quantitative character? AU - Zeng, Z. B. AU - Houle, D. AU - Cockerham, C. C. T2 - Genetics DA - 1990/// PY - 1990/// VL - 126 IS - 1 SP - 235 ER - TY - JOUR TI - CHANGES IN RESPIRATION RATE AND ENERGY OF ACTIVATION AFTER CHILLING AND FORCING DORMANT APPLE-TREES AU - YOUNG, E T2 - JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE AB - Dormant apple trees (Malus domestics Borkh., cv . MM. 111) were chilled at SC for O, 500, 1000, or 1500 hours and then forced at 10, 20, or 30C for 21 days. Budbreak and root growth were recorded after forcing, and shoot and root respiration was measured at 5, 10, 20, and 30C to determine Q 10 and energy of activation values. Budbreak, root growth, and respiration generally increased with chilling and forcing temperature. The Q 10 of shoot respiration increased significantly with increasing chilling when measured before forcing; however, after forcing, Q 10 decreased with chilling. Root respiration Q 10 was not as influenced as shoot respiration by chilling either before or after forcing. Energy of activation for shoot and root respiration decreased significantly with chilling after forcing at each temperature. DA - 1990/9// PY - 1990/9// DO - 10.21273/jashs.115.5.809 VL - 115 IS - 5 SP - 809-814 SN - 0003-1062 ER - TY - JOUR TI - ROOT-SPECIFIC GENES FROM TOBACCO AND ARABIDOPSIS HOMOLOGOUS TO AN EVOLUTIONARILY CONSERVED GENE FAMILY OF MEMBRANE CHANNEL PROTEINS AU - YAMAMOTO, YT AU - CHENG, CL AU - CONKLING, MA T2 - NUCLEIC ACIDS RESEARCH AB - Journal Article Root-specific genes from tobacco and Arabidopsis homologous to an evolutionarily conserved gene family of membrane channel proteins Get access Yuri T. Yamamoto, Yuri T. Yamamoto Department of Genetics, North Carolina State UniversityRaleigh, NC 27695, USA Present address: + Department of Biology, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06511 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Chi-Lien Cheng, Chi-Lien Cheng Department of Genetics, North Carolina State UniversityRaleigh, NC 27695, USA Present address: § Department of Botany and Department of Biology, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Mark A. Concking Mark A. Concking * Department of Genetics, North Carolina State UniversityRaleigh, NC 27695, USA * To whom cocrespondence should be addressed Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Nucleic Acids Research, Volume 18, Issue 24, 1 December 1990, Page 7449, https://doi.org/10.1093/nar/18.24.7449 Published: 01 January 1990 Article history Published: 01 January 1990 Received: 29 October 1990 DA - 1990/12/25/ PY - 1990/12/25/ DO - 10.1093/nar/18.24.7449 VL - 18 IS - 24 SP - 7449-7449 SN - 1362-4962 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Probable lack of seed transmission of sweet potato feathery mottle virus in sweet potato AU - Wolters, P. AU - Collins, W. AU - Moyer, J. W. T2 - HortScience DA - 1990/// PY - 1990/// VL - 25 IS - 4 SP - 448 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Yield of cucumbers in multiple-harvest trials with dissimilar genotypes in border rows AU - Wehner, T. C. AU - Miller, C. H. T2 - HortScience DA - 1990/// PY - 1990/// VL - 25 IS - 1 SP - 106 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Root knot nematode egg concentration for inoculating Cucumis spp. tests AU - Wehner, T. C. AU - Walters, S. A. AU - Barker, K. R. T2 - Report (Cucurbit Genetics Cooperative) DA - 1990/// PY - 1990/// IS - 13 SP - 8 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Propagation of Heptacodium jasminoides Airy-Shaw by softwood and semi-hardwood cuttings AU - Lee, C. C. AU - Bilderback, T. E. T2 - Journal of Environmental Horticulture DA - 1990/// PY - 1990/// VL - 8 IS - 3 SP - 121 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Phylogenetic relationships among species of Prunus as inferred by isozyme markers AU - Mowrey, B. D. AU - Werner, D. J. T2 - Theoretical and Applied Genetics DA - 1990/// PY - 1990/// VL - 80 IS - 1 SP - 129 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Painting aluminium strips of black plastic mulch reduces mosaic symptoms on summer squash AU - Lamont, W. J. AU - Sorensen, K. A. AU - Averre, C. W. T2 - HortScience DA - 1990/// PY - 1990/// VL - 25 IS - 10 SP - 1305 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Mature 'Starkrimson Delicious' apple tree response to paclobutrazol application method AU - Lehman, L. J. AU - Unrath, C. R. AU - Young, E. T2 - HortScience DA - 1990/// PY - 1990/// VL - 25 IS - 4 SP - 429 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Inheritance of isocitrate dehydrogenase, malate dehydrogenase, and shikimate dehydrogenase in peach and peach x almond hybrids AU - Mowrey, B. D. AU - Werner, D. J. AU - Byrne, D. H. T2 - Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science DA - 1990/// PY - 1990/// VL - 115 IS - 2 SP - 312 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Improvement of carrot stands with plant biostimulants and fluid drilling AU - Sanders, D. C. AU - Ricotta, J. A. AU - Hodges, L. T2 - HortScience DA - 1990/// PY - 1990/// VL - 25 IS - 2 SP - 181 ER - TY - JOUR TI - ISOZYME SURVEY OF VARIOUS SPECIES OF PRUNUS IN THE SUBGENUS AMYGDALUS AU - MOWREY, BD AU - WERNER, DJ AU - BYRNE, DH T2 - SCIENTIA HORTICULTURAE AB - Seventeen isozyme systems were surveyed in clones of almond (Prunus dulcis Webb), P. davidiana (Carr.) Franch., P. kansuensis Rehd., P. mira Koehne, peach (P. persica (L.) Batsch), and P. persica ssp. ferganensis, all members of the subgenus Amygdalus. Nine systems, representing 16 presumptive loci, stained consistently to characterize. Three of these presumptive loci were monomorphic, while the other 13 presumptive loci were polymorphic for 36 possible alleles. The significance of these results relative to the genetic mapping of peach is discussed. DA - 1990/11// PY - 1990/11// DO - 10.1016/0304-4238(90)90125-X VL - 44 IS - 3-4 SP - 251-260 SN - 0304-4238 ER - TY - JOUR TI - GROWTH DYNAMICS OF YOUNG APPLE-TREES AS INFLUENCED BY SCION AND ROOTSTOCK VIGOR AU - LEHMAN, LJ AU - YOUNG, E AU - UNRATH, CR T2 - JOURNAL OF HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE & BIOTECHNOLOGY AB - AbstractGrowth of young potted apple trees composed of ‘Classic Delicious’ (nonspur) or ‘Red- chief Delicious’ (spur-type) scions grafted onto O.P. Malus domestica L. (seedling) or Mailing 26 (M.26) rootstocks was observed during three growing seasons. Across rootstocks, spur-type ‘Delicious’ characteristics include lower whole-tree and shoot-wood dry weights, resulting in higher root/shoot ratios. Across scions, rootstock had little effect on dry weight of tree parts above the graft union, whole-tree dry weight or spur density. Trees on M.26 dwarfing rootstock had higher root shank and lower fibrous-root dry weights on all three sampling dates. Although few scion by rootstock interactions were detected, the spur-type scion on M.26 had the most spurs and flowers per metre of scion by the third growing season. DA - 1990/3// PY - 1990/3// DO - 10.1080/00221589.1990.11516038 VL - 65 IS - 2 SP - 123-127 SN - 2380-4084 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Effect of initial asparagus populations on survival and yield AU - Sanders, D. C. AU - Prince, C. A. AU - David, P. P. AU - McMurtry, M. R. T2 - Acta Horticulturae DA - 1990/// PY - 1990/// IS - 271 SP - 197 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Developmental specific isozyme expression in peach AU - Mowrey, B. D. AU - Werner, D. J. T2 - HortScience DA - 1990/// PY - 1990/// VL - 25 IS - 2 SP - 219 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Apple tree vigor influences flowering and dry weight after paclobutrazol application AU - Lehman, L. J. AU - Young, E. AU - Unrath, C. R. T2 - HortScience DA - 1990/// PY - 1990/// VL - 25 IS - 8 SP - 933 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Sand culture of vegetables using recirculated aquacultural effluents AU - McMurtry, M. R. AU - Nelson, P. V. AU - Sanders, D. C. AU - Hodges, L. T2 - Applied Agricultural Research DA - 1990/// PY - 1990/// VL - 5 IS - 4 SP - 280 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Redbud AU - Raulston, J. C. T2 - American Nurseryman DA - 1990/// PY - 1990/// VL - 171 IS - 5 SP - 39 ER - TY - JOUR TI - RESPONSE OF 5 TEMPERATE DECIDUOUS TREE SPECIES TO WATER-STRESS AU - RANNEY, TG AU - WHITLOW, TH AU - BASSUK, NL T2 - TREE PHYSIOLOGY AB - Gas exchange, tissue water relations, and leaf/root dry weight ratios were compared among young, container-grown plants of five temperate-zone, deciduous tree species (Acer negundo L., Betula papyrifera Marsh, Malus baccata Borkh, Robinia pseudoacacia L., and Ulmus parvifolia Jacq.) under well-watered and water-stressed conditions. There was a small decrease (mean reduction of 0.22 MPa across species) in the water potential at which turgor was lost (Ψtlp) in response to water stress. The Ψtlp for water-stressed plants was –1.18, –1.34, –1.61, –1.70, and –2.12 MPa for B. papyrifera, A. negundo, U. parvifolia, R. pseudoacacia, and M. baccata, respectively. Variation in Ψtlp resulted primarily from differences in tissue osmotic potential and not tissue elasticity. Rates of net photosynthesis declined in response to water stress. However, despite differences in Ψtlp, there were no differences in net photosynthesis among water-stressed plants under the conditions of water stress imposed. In A. negundo and M. baccata, water use efficiency (net photosynthesis/transpiration) increased significantly in response to water stress. Comparisons among water-stressed plants showed that water use efficiency for M. baccata was greater than for B. papyrifera or U. parvifolia. There were no significant differences in water use efficiency among B. papyrifera, U. parvifolia, A. negundo, and R. pseudoacacia. Under water-stressed conditions, leaf/root dry weight ratios (an index of transpiration to absorptive capacity) ranged from 0.77 in R. pseudoacacia to 1.05 in B. papyrifera. DA - 1990/12// PY - 1990/12// DO - 10.1093/treephys/6.4.439 VL - 6 IS - 4 SP - 439-448 SN - 0829-318X ER - TY - JOUR TI - Photosynthetic Dynamics in Chrysanthemum in Response to Single Step Increases and Decreases in Photon Flux Density AU - Stoop, Johan M. H. AU - Peet, Mary M. AU - Willits, Dan H. AU - Nelson, Paul V. T2 - Plant Physiology AB - The time-course of CO2 assimilation rate and stomatal conductance to step changes in photosynthetic photon flux density (PPFD) was observed in Chrysanthemum × morifolium Ramat. `Fiesta'. When PPFD was increased from 200 to 600 micromoles per square meter per second, the rate of photosynthetic CO2 assimilation showed an initial rapid increase over the first minute followed by a slower increase over the next 12 to 38 minutes, with a faster response in low-light-grown plants. Leaves exposed to small step increases (100 micromoles per square meter per second) reached the new steady-state assimilation rate within a minute. Both stomatal and biochemical limitations played a role during photosynthetic induction, but carboxylation limitations seemed to predominate during the first 5 to 10 minutes. Stomatal control during the slow phase of induction was less important in low-light compared to high-light-grown plants. In response to step decreases in PPFD, photosynthetic rate decreased rapidly and a depression in CO2 assimilation prior to steady-state was observed. This CO2 assimilation `dip' was considerably larger for the large step (400 micromoles per square meter per second) than for the small step. The rapid photosynthetic response seems to be controlled by biochemical processes. High- and low-light-grown plants did not differ in their photosynthetic response to PPFD step decreases. DA - 1990/9/1/ PY - 1990/9/1/ DO - 10.1104/pp.94.1.46 VL - 94 IS - 1 SP - 46-53 J2 - Plant Physiol. LA - en OP - SN - 0032-0889 1532-2548 UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1104/pp.94.1.46 DB - Crossref ER - TY - JOUR TI - DEVELOPING ROOT ZONE MANAGEMENT STRATEGIES TO MINIMIZE WATER AND FERTILIZER WASTE - THE UNITED-STATES PERSPECTIVE WITH EMPHASIS ON SURFACE APPLIED NON-RECIRCULATED SYSTEMS AU - NELSON, PV T2 - SYMPOSIUM ON BEDDING AND POT PLANT CULTURE DA - 1990/// PY - 1990/// DO - 10.17660/actahortic.1990.272.25 VL - 272 SP - 175-184 ER - TY - JOUR TI - CREEPING BLUEBERRIES (ERICACEAE, VACCINIUM SECT HERPOTHAMNUS) - A NEW LOOK AT V CRASSIFOLIUM INCLUDING V SEMPERVIRENS AU - KIRKMAN, WB AU - BALLINGTON, , JR T2 - SYSTEMATIC BOTANY AB - Vaccinium sect. Herpothamnus is revised based on an investigation of the morphology, anatomy, reproductive biology, artificial hybridization, ecology, and phytosociology. It is treated as monotypic, consisting of V. crassifolium with two polymorphic subspecies, subsp. crassifolium and subsp. sempervirens comb. nov. (V. sempervirens). Comparison with other vacciniums indicates possible ancestral relationships with South American species from the Guayana Highland. DA - 1990/// PY - 1990/// DO - 10.2307/2419164 VL - 15 IS - 4 SP - 679-699 SN - 0363-6445 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Breeding cucumbers for fresh-market production in Egypt AU - Metwally, M. I. AU - Wehner, T. C. T2 - Report (Cucurbit Genetics Cooperative) DA - 1990/// PY - 1990/// IS - 13 SP - 12 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Resistance of cucumber to the root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne hapla AU - Walters, S. A. AU - Wehner, T. C. AU - Barker, K. R. T2 - Report (Cucurbit Genetics Cooperative) DA - 1990/// PY - 1990/// IS - 13 SP - 10 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Rapid quantitative analysis of a gibberellin-sterol inhibitor using high-performance liquid chromatographic cartridge columns AU - Mauk, C. S. AU - Unrath, C. R. AU - Blankenship, S. M. T2 - Journal of Plant Growth Regulation DA - 1990/// PY - 1990/// DO - 10.1007/BF02041959 VL - 9 IS - 3 SP - 181 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Prediction of cucumber harvest date using a heat unit model AU - Perry, K.B. AU - Wehner, T.C. T2 - HortScience AB - A heat unit model developed in a previous study was compared to the standard method (average number of days to harvest) for ability to predict harvest date in cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.). Processing and fresh-market cucumbers were evaluated in 3 years (1984 through 1986), three seasons (spring, summer, and fall), and three North Carolina locations. The model predicted harvest date significantly better than the standard method for processing, but not for fresh-market cucumbers. DA - 1990/// PY - 1990/// DO - 10.21273/HORTSCI.25.4.405 VL - 25 IS - 4 SP - 405–406 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Overwintering container-grown nursery crops: Plant, air and medium thermal response to porous row covers AU - Warren, S. L. AU - Perry, K. B. AU - Bir, R. E. T2 - Journal of Environmental Horticulture DA - 1990/// PY - 1990/// VL - 8 IS - 4 SP - 161 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Nutrient concentrations and their seasonal patterns in Fraser fir and Norway spruce grown in seven vegetation management programs AU - Warren, S. L. AU - Campbell, C. R. AU - Skroch, W. A. T2 - Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science DA - 1990/// PY - 1990/// VL - 115 IS - 1 SP - 62 ER - TY - JOUR TI - INFLUENCE OF METHOD OF APPLICATION OF PACLOBUTRAZOL ON SOIL RESIDUES AND GROWTH-RETARDATION IN A STARKRIMSON-DELICIOUS APPLE ORCHARD AU - MAUK, CS AU - UNRATH, CR AU - BLANKENSHIP, SM AU - LEHMAN, LJ T2 - PLANT GROWTH REGULATION DA - 1990/2// PY - 1990/2// DO - 10.1007/BF00025276 VL - 9 IS - 1 SP - 27-35 SN - 0167-6903 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Growth response of 13 container-grown landscape plants to uniconazole AU - Warren, S. L. T2 - Journal of Environmental Horticulture DA - 1990/// PY - 1990/// VL - 8 IS - 3 SP - 151 ER - TY - JOUR TI - DEVELOPMENT OF A STRONG CATION-EXCHANGE METHOD FOR PURIFICATION AND HPLC ASSAY OF GIBBERELLIN-STEROL INHIBITORS IN PLANT-TISSUE AU - MAUK, CS AU - UNRATH, CR AU - BLANKENSHIP, SM T2 - JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHIC SCIENCE AB - An enhanced purification method is developed for the gibberellin-sterol inhibitor, paclobutrazol (PP333; [(2RS,3RS)- 1-(4-chlorophenyl)-4,4-dimethyl-2-(1,2,4 triazol-1-yl) pentan-3-ol]), utilizing solid-phase, strong cation exchange (SCX) chromatography. Exogenous paclobutrazol is derived from treated apple foliage (Malus domestica Borkh.) and quantitated by C18 reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) following sample purification on C18 and SCX sorbents. Several methods are evaluated for the elution of paclobutrazol from an SCX column including counter ions (Ba, Ca, Na) with and without acetonitrile. The optimum elution system is ammoniacal—methanol at 60:40 (v/v). Addition of the SCX sorbent purification step in paclobutrazol analysis results in a high recovery rate and substantial degree of purity which easily facilitates separation and quantitation by HPLC. DA - 1990/12// PY - 1990/12// DO - 10.1093/chromsci/28.12.621 VL - 28 IS - 12 SP - 621-623 SN - 0021-9665 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Cucumber cultivars and breeding lines for the U.S.D.A. Plant Introduction Collection AU - Wehner, T. C. T2 - Report (Cucurbit Genetics Cooperative) DA - 1990/// PY - 1990/// IS - 13 SP - 1 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Prostrate growth habit enhances fresh-market tomato fruit yield and quality AU - Ozminkowski, R. H., Jr. AU - Gardner, R. G. AU - Henderson, W. R. AU - Moll, R. H. T2 - HortScience DA - 1990/// PY - 1990/// VL - 25 IS - 8 SP - 914 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Inheritance of prostrate growth habit in tomato AU - Ozminkowski, R. H., Jr. AU - Gardner, R. G. AU - Moll, R. H. AU - Henderson, W. R. T2 - Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science DA - 1990/// PY - 1990/// VL - 115 IS - 4 SP - 674 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Use of dyes to facilitate measurement of new root growth of apple AU - Arnold, M. A. AU - Young, E. T2 - HortScience DA - 1990/// PY - 1990/// VL - 25 IS - 1 SP - 116 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Somatic Embryos Derived from Cotyledons of Cucumber AU - Cade, Rebecca M. AU - Wehner, Todd C. AU - Blazich, Frank A. T2 - Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science AB - Two studies were conducted to test the effects of various tissue culture media on somatic embryogenesis from cotyledon tissue of cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.). The two best media for embryo initiation were Murashige and Skoog (MS) salts and vitamins containing either 1 or 2 mg 2,4-D/liter and 0.5 mg kinetin/liter. In the second study, embryos developed more normally. More plantlets developed when tissue was removed from the initiation medium after 3 weeks and transferred to MS containing 1 mg NAA/liter and 0.5 mg kinetin/liter for 3 weeks, rather than leaving the embryos on a medium containing 2,4-D. Histological evidence indicated that the embryos were multicellular in origin. Charcoal in the maturation medium inhibited embryo development. Chemical names used: (2,4-dichlorophenoxy) -acetic acid (2,4-D); N-(2-furanylmethyl)-lH-purine-6-amine (kinetin); 1-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA). DA - 1990/7// PY - 1990/7// DO - 10.21273/jashs.115.4.691 VL - 115 IS - 4 SP - 691-696 OP - SN - 0003-1062 2327-9788 UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/jashs.115.4.691 DB - Crossref ER - TY - JOUR TI - Selection for tuber characters can maintain high specific gravity in a diploid potato breeding population AU - Haynes, K. G. AU - Haynes, F. L. T2 - HortScience DA - 1990/// PY - 1990/// VL - 25 IS - 2 SP - 227 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Seed germination of Fraser fir: Timing of irradiation and involvement of phytochrome AU - Henry, P. H. AU - Blazich, F. A. T2 - Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science DA - 1990/// PY - 1990/// VL - 115 IS - 2 SP - 231 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Perspectives on future marketing, research and educational programs for flower bulbs AU - Hertogh, A. A. de T2 - Acta Horticulturae DA - 1990/// PY - 1990/// IS - 266 SP - 43 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Inheritance of resistance to early blight disease in tetraploid x diploid crosses of potatoes AU - Herriott, A. B. AU - Haynes, F. L., Jr. AU - Shoemaker, P. B. T2 - HortScience DA - 1990/// PY - 1990/// VL - 25 IS - 2 SP - 224 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Growth and protein content of apple in response to root and shoot temperature following chilling AU - Arnold, M. A. AU - Young, E. T2 - HortScience DA - 1990/// PY - 1990/// VL - 25 IS - 12 SP - 1583 ER - TY - JOUR TI - GREENTHUMB PEPPERMINT AZALEA AU - BILDERBACK, TE AU - CAGLE, DJ AU - FANTZ, PR T2 - HORTSCIENCE AB - red. Seeds are kidney-shaped, with a 100seed weight of 47 to 55 g. Like ‘Ruddy’, CU-R89 has excellent color retention over time and cooks quickly. CU-R89 was screened in BC-4F4 for the I gene, which confers resistance to bean common mosaic virus (pathotype ‘NY 15’) (Provvidenti, 1987). It is susceptible to halo blight [Psuedomonas phaseolicola (Burk.) Dews] and common blight [Xanthomonas phaseoli (E.F. Smith) Dews] and at least one strain of anthracnose [Colletotrichum lindemuthianum (Sacc. & Magn.) Scrib.]. CU-R89 and ‘Ruddy’ were compared in state trials at Freeville and Stanley, N.Y. Yields of ‘Ruddy’ were not significantly different from CU-R89 at either site or over sites (Table 1). Because CU-R89 is nearly isogenic with ‘Ruddy’, it is suitable for evaluation as a BYMV-resistant replacement for ‘Ruddy’. DA - 1990/2// PY - 1990/2// DO - 10.21273/hortsci.25.2.236 VL - 25 IS - 2 SP - 236-237 SN - 0018-5345 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Forcing Dutch-grown freesias as potted plants in the U.S. and Canada AU - Hertogh, A. A. de AU - Milks, R. T2 - Acta Horticulturae DA - 1990/// PY - 1990/// IS - 266 SP - 115 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Effect of explant age and growth regulator concentration on adventitious shoot formation from cucumber cotyledonary tissue AU - Cade, R. M. AU - Wehner, T. C. AU - Blazich, F. A. T2 - Report (Cucurbit Genetics Cooperative) DA - 1990/// PY - 1990/// IS - 13 SP - 14 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Differential growth responses of apple species to chilling and root pruning AU - Arnold, M. A. AU - Young, E. T2 - Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science DA - 1990/// PY - 1990/// VL - 115 IS - 2 SP - 196 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Azaleas -- cultivar selection, breeding, and culture in North Carolina AU - Bilderback, T. E. AU - Fantz, P. R. T2 - HortScience DA - 1990/// PY - 1990/// VL - 25 IS - 2 SP - 134 ER - TY - JOUR TI - 1989 Landscape bedding plant evaluations AU - Bailey, D. A. T2 - North Carolina Flower Growers' Bulletin DA - 1990/// PY - 1990/// VL - 35 IS - 2 SP - 8 ER - TY - JOUR TI - [14C]-ASSIMILATE TRANSLOCATION IN THE LIGHT AND DARK IN CELERY (APIUM-GRAVEOLENS) LEAVES OF DIFFERENT AGES AU - DAVIS, JM AU - LOESCHER, WH T2 - PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM DA - 1990/8// PY - 1990/8// DO - 10.1034/j.1399-3054.1990.790412.x VL - 79 IS - 4 SP - 656-662 SN - 0031-9317 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Leaf color retention, dark respiration, and growth of red-leafed Japanese maples under high night temperatures AU - Deal, D. L. AU - Raulston, J. C. AU - Hinesley, L. E. T2 - Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science DA - 1990/// PY - 1990/// VL - 115 IS - 1 SP - 135 ER - TY - JOUR TI - HIGH-TEMPERATURE EFFECTS ON APICAL BUD MORPHOLOGY, DARK RESPIRATION, AND FIXED GROWTH OF BLUE SPRUCE AU - DEAL, DL AU - RAULSTON, JC AU - HINESLEY, LE T2 - CANADIAN JOURNAL OF FOREST RESEARCH-REVUE CANADIENNE DE RECHERCHE FORESTIERE AB - Night temperatures during bud elongation affected the fixed growth of preformed subapical buds of blue spruce (Piceapungens Engelm., 'Fat Albert' and 'Foxtail') but not apical bud growth. Plant volume decreased when nights were >14 °C, primarily because of reduced growth of each elongating subapical bud and not a decrease in number of growing points. Apical buds produced under a 30 °C day generally were broader and more flat topped, with more open, noncompressed bud scales than those produced under a 26 °C day. Night temperature had a greater effect on apical bud morphology than day temperature. The extent of bud break and growth during year n + 1 was inversely related to night temperature under which bud initiation and development occurred and directly related to the degree of apical bud normality noted during year n. 'Foxtail' had a greater degree of apical bud normality, a higher percentage of bud break, and retained its characteristic growth habit better than 'Fat Albert' following bud formation at high day and night temperatures. 'Foxtail' also had the lowest respiration rate and appeared to minimize detrimental effects of high temperatures through maintenance of a relatively low respiratory Q 10 value (increase in respiration rate for each 10 °C increase in temperature) over a wide temperature range. DA - 1990/12// PY - 1990/12// DO - 10.1139/x90-251 VL - 20 IS - 12 SP - 1871-1877 SN - 0045-5067 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Tolerance of controlled atmosphere storage of cut Fraser fir and its respiration rate in air AU - Blankenship, S. M. AU - Hinesley, L. E. T2 - HortScience DA - 1990/// PY - 1990/// VL - 25 IS - 8 SP - 941 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Greenhouse disease screen facilitates breeding resistance to tomato early blight AU - Gardner, R. G. T2 - HortScience DA - 1990/// PY - 1990/// VL - 25 IS - 2 SP - 222 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Carbohydrate changes in sprouting sweetpotato roots AU - Collins, W. W. AU - Walter, W. M., Jr. AU - Torgersen-Belding, S. T2 - HortScience DA - 1990/// PY - 1990/// VL - 25 IS - 8 SP - 979 ER - TY - JOUR TI - 'Mountain Delight' tomato. NC 8288 tomato breeding line AU - Gardner, R. G. T2 - HortScience DA - 1990/// PY - 1990/// VL - 25 IS - 8 SP - 989 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Sucrose metabolism in ripening muskmelon fruit as affected by leaf area AU - Hubbard, N. L. AU - Pharr, D. M. AU - Huber, S. C. T2 - Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science DA - 1990/// PY - 1990/// VL - 115 IS - 5 SP - 798 ER - TY - JOUR TI - ROLE OF SUCROSE PHOSPHATE SYNTHASE IN SUCROSE BIOSYNTHESIS IN RIPENING BANANAS AND ITS RELATIONSHIP TO THE RESPIRATORY CLIMACTERIC AU - HUBBARD, NL AU - PHARR, DM AU - HUBER, SC T2 - PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AB - During ripening of bananas (Musa spp. [AAA group, Cavendish subgroup]), there is a massive conversion of starch to sucrose. Also during ripening there is a rise in respiration known as the respiratory climacteric. In this study changes in carbohydrate content, activities of starch and sucrose metabolizing enzymes, and respiration were measured to assess their potential interrelationships. Sucrose phosphate synthase activity increased dramatically during the first 4 days after initiation of ripening by ethylene treatment. Starch concentration decreased and sucrose concentration increased during this time period. Developmental changes in sucrose phosphate synthase activity were measured with limiting substrate (plus Pi) and saturating substrate concentrations. Activities were not parallel under the two assay conditions, providing tentative evidence that kinetically different forms of the enzyme may exist at different stages of ripening. Sucrose accumulation rate was most highly correlated with sucrose phosphate synthase activity assayed with limiting substrate concentrations (plus Pi). The cumulative amount of CO(2) respired during ripening was positively correlated with sugar accumulation (R(2) = 0.97). From this linear regression it was calculated that a constant 0.605 millimoles of CO(2) was evolved per mole of sucrose formed throughout ripening. Using this quantity, the percentage of the total respiratory ATP produced which was required for the conversion of starch to sucrose was calculated assuming different models for carbon export from the amyloplast. The results suggest that sucrose biosynthesis during ripening constitutes a significant sink for respiratory ATP. DA - 1990/9// PY - 1990/9// DO - 10.1104/pp.94.1.201 VL - 94 IS - 1 SP - 201-208 SN - 1532-2548 ER - TY - JOUR TI - RESISTANCE MECHANISMS IN 2 COLOR FORMS OF THE TOBACCO APHID (HOMOPTERA, APHIDIDAE) AU - HARLOW, CD AU - LAMPERT, EP T2 - JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY AB - Cultures of the tobacco aphid, Myzus nicotianae Blackman, were collected from tobacco throughout major tobacco-growing regions of North Carolina and maintained in culture in the laboratory. Nine cultures of tobacco aphids were established. Four of these cultures were green in color; five were red. Slide-dip tests were performed with various insecticides and a known synergist. In tests with malathion, monocrotophos, acephate, and the esterase inhibitor S, S, S-tributyl phosphorotrithioate (DEF), resistance of aphids from the five red cultures and one green culture (from Duplin County) increased three to four times compared with the remaining three green cultures. In tests with endosulfan and methamidophos, a breakdown product of acephate, all nine cultures responded equally to treatment. Total carboxylesterase activities of aphids from all nine cultures were measured in a spectrophotometric assay. Aphids from the five red cultures and the green culture from Duplin County demonstrated ≈2.5 times the carboxylesterase activity as aphids from the remaining three green cultures. In all cultures, synergism of malathion, acephate, and methamidophos by DEF was apparent. DA - 1990/12// PY - 1990/12// DO - 10.1093/jee/83.6.2130 VL - 83 IS - 6 SP - 2130-2135 SN - 1938-291X ER - TY - JOUR TI - Physical properties of and plant responses to rockwool-amended media AU - Fonteno, W. C. AU - Nelson, P. V. T2 - Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science DA - 1990/// PY - 1990/// VL - 115 IS - 3 SP - 375 ER - TY - JOUR TI - PARTIAL-PURIFICATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF STACHYOSE SYNTHASE IN LEAVES OF CUCUMIS-SATIVUS AND CUCUMIS-MELO - UTILIZATION OF A RAPID ASSAY FOR MYOINOSITOL AU - HUBER, JLA AU - PHARR, DM AU - HUBER, SC T2 - PLANT SCIENCE AB - A rapid enzymatic assay to quantitate myo-inositol using myo-inositol dehydrogenase-linked NAD reduction has been utilized to measure stachyose synthase activity Stachyose synthase activity in extracts of source leaves from C. sativus as well as sweet (cv. Noy Yizre'el) and non-sweet (cv. Birdsnest) genotypes of C. melo was separated completely from galactosidase and galactohydrolase activity via MONO Q anion exchange chromatography. As a result, it was determined for the first time that galactohydrolase activity present in leaf extracts is inhibited in the presence of raffinose and does not interfere with accurate estimation of stachyose synthase activity. The apparent Km values for stachyose synthase for galactinol were determined to be 4.6 mM, 2.4 mM and 3.0 mM for C. sativus, C. melo cv. Birdsnest and cv. Noy Yizer'el, respectively. The apparent Km value for raffinose was estimated to be approximately 15 mM for both the cucumber and melon source tissues. No in vitro metabolite effectors of the partially purified stachyose synthase have been identified. Thus, in vitro regulatory and kinetic properties of source leaf stachyose synthase are similar between species or cultivars of Cucumis which are predicted to differ significantly in sink carbohydrate metabolism. DA - 1990/// PY - 1990/// DO - 10.1016/0168-9452(90)90116-6 VL - 69 IS - 2 SP - 179-188 SN - 0168-9452 ER - TY - JOUR TI - LIME AND PHOSPHORUS EFFECTS ON AMERICAN GINSENG .2. ROOT AND LEAF GINSENOSIDE CONTENT AND THEIR RELATIONSHIP AU - KONSLER, TR AU - ZITO, SW AU - SHELTON, JE AU - STABA, EJ T2 - JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE AB - Soil-applied dolomitic limestone and fertilizer affected the level of certain root and leaf ginsenosides in 4-year-old American ginseng (Panax quinquefolium L.); however, ginsenoside accumulations in the roots and in the leaves often were not similar. Root and leaf ginsenoside production tended to differ in its response to soil fertility (SF) factors and root tissue nutrient (RN) elements. Leaf ginsenoside production was more often correlated with SF factors and RN elements than that of root ginsenosides, the response of both ginsenoside sources was greater to RN than SF status. Leaf ginsenoside content was positively correlated with the SF factors and RN elements to a greater degree than that of root ginsenosides. Leaf ginsenoside production was more often affected by the same chemical element in the soil and in root tissue than that of root ginsenosides. There was no correlation between the level of any ginsenoside measured in root tissue and the same ginsenoside in leaf tissue. DA - 1990/7// PY - 1990/7// DO - 10.21273/jashs.115.4.575 VL - 115 IS - 4 SP - 575-580 SN - 0003-1062 ER - TY - JOUR TI - LIME AND PHOSPHORUS EFFECTS ON AMERICAN GINSENG .1. GROWTH, SOIL FERTILITY, AND ROOT-TISSUE NUTRIENT STATUS RESPONSE AU - KONSLER, TR AU - SHELTON, JE T2 - JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE AB - Soil applications of dolomitic limestone and P fertilizer before seeding American ginseng (Panax quinquefolium L.) affected root weight (RW) gain during the first 4 years of growth. At the end of each growing season, root size was greatest with the intermediate liming rate and with the high P rate. Lime resulted in positive linear responses in soil pH, K, Ca, and Mg and in root N, P, Ca, and Mg and curvilinear responses in soil Mn and Zn and in root K, Mn, and Zn. Applied P had a positive linear effect on soil Na and on root N, Ca, and Fe and a curvilinear effect on soil P and on root P and Ca. Terminal RW was positively correlated with soil pH, K, Ca, Mg, and Na and with root P, K, Ca, and Mg; RW was negatively correlated with root Mn and Zn. Regression analyses implicated only soil Ca and Na and root Mg and Zn as significant terms in prediction equations, DA - 1990/7// PY - 1990/7// DO - 10.21273/jashs.115.4.570 VL - 115 IS - 4 SP - 570-574 SN - 0003-1062 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Germplasm resources available to meet future needs for blueberry cultivar improvement AU - Ballington, J. R. T2 - Fruit Varieties Journal DA - 1990/// PY - 1990/// VL - 44 IS - 2 SP - 54 ER - TY - JOUR TI - 'O'Neal' southern highbush blueberry AU - Ballington, J. R. AU - Mainland, C. M. AU - Duke, S. D. AU - Draper, A. D. AU - Galletta, G. J. T2 - HortScience DA - 1990/// PY - 1990/// VL - 25 IS - 6 SP - 711 ER - TY - JOUR TI - 'Blue Ridge' and 'Cape Fear' southern highbush blueberries AU - Ballington, J. R. AU - Mainland, C. M. AU - Rooks, S. D. AU - Draper, A. D. AU - Galletta, G. J. T2 - HortScience DA - 1990/// PY - 1990/// VL - 25 IS - 12 SP - 1668 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Paclobutrazol spray timing influences apple tree growth AU - El-Khoreiby, A. M. AU - Unrath, C. R. AU - Lehman, L. J. T2 - HortScience DA - 1990/// PY - 1990/// VL - 25 IS - 3 SP - 310 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Latex colorant slows drying of redcedar Christmas trees AU - Hinesley, L. E. T2 - HortScience DA - 1990/// PY - 1990/// VL - 25 IS - 6 SP - 673 ER -