TY - JOUR TI - The biotechnology roadmap for sugarcane improvement AU - Hotta, C. T. AU - Lembke, C. G. AU - Domingues, D. S. AU - Ochoa, E. A. AU - Cruz, G. M. Q. AU - Melotto-Passarin, D. M. AU - Marconi, T. G. AU - Santos, M. O. AU - Mollinari, M. AU - Margarido, G. R. A. T2 - Tropical Plant Biology DA - 2010/// PY - 2010/// VL - 3 IS - 2 SP - 75-87 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Plants, pests and pathogens - a direct link to the front line AU - Bradley, L.K. AU - Bambara, S.B. AU - Munster, M.J. AU - Stephan, D.L. AU - Shew, B. T2 - HortScience DA - 2010/// PY - 2010/// VL - 45 IS - 8 SP - S80 M3 - Abstract ER - TY - JOUR TI - Extension Ask An Expert: A Convenient Tool for Stateand Local Extension Programs AU - Durham, R.E. AU - Bradley, L.K. T2 - HortScience DA - 2010/// PY - 2010/// VL - 45 IS - 8 SP - S80 M3 - Abstract ER - TY - JOUR TI - Evaluation of late blight on tomato cultivars grown in the field, 2009 AU - Miles, C. AU - Inglis, D. AU - Gundersen, B. AU - Kreider, P. AU - Roozen, J. AU - Horneburg, B. AU - Panthee, D. T2 - Plant Disease Management Reports DA - 2010/// PY - 2010/// VL - 4 SP - 126 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Diversity in a collection of heirloom tomato varieties AU - Labate, J.A. AU - Francis, D. AU - McGrath, M.T. AU - Panthee, D.R. AU - Robertson, L.D. T2 - HortScience DA - 2010/// PY - 2010/// VL - 45 IS - 8 SP - S145 M3 - Abstract ER - TY - JOUR TI - Screening tomato lines for late blight (Phytophthora infestans) resistance under conventional and organic systems AU - Panthee, D.R. AU - Davis, J.M. T2 - Hortscience DA - 2010/// PY - 2010/// VL - 45 IS - 8 SP - S144 M3 - Abstract ER - TY - CONF TI - Identification of useful source of resistance for bacterial wilt in tomato: A challenge AU - Panthee, D.R. AU - Gardner, R.G. T2 - 25th Annual Tomato Disease Workshop C2 - 2010/// C3 - 25th Annual Tomato Disease Workshop CY - Tampa, FL DA - 2010/// PY - 2010/11/16/ ER - TY - ER - TY - ER - TY - ER - TY - SOUND TI - Alternative Systems for Managing Microbial Pathogens on CAFOs AU - Simmons, O.D., III DA - 2010/// PY - 2010/// M3 - Webcast ER - TY - CONF TI - Biotic and abiotic factors controlling nitrous oxide emissions from agricultural soil AU - Vance, L. AU - Robarge, W. AU - Carley, D. AU - Rufty, T. C2 - 2010/// C3 - ASA Annual Meeting Abstracts DA - 2010/// SP - 140–27 ER - TY - CONF TI - Benghal dayflower seed viability and impact on dispersal AU - Riar, M. AU - Spears, J. AU - Burns, J. AU - Webster, T. AU - Carley, D. AU - Rufty, T. C2 - 2010/// C3 - ASA Annual Meeting Abstracts DA - 2010/// SP - 194–3 ER - TY - CONF TI - Carbon storage under bermudagrass fairways in the southeast AU - Carley, D. AU - Rufty, T. AU - Sermons, S. AU - Vance, L. AU - Bowman, D. AU - Shi, W. C2 - 2010/// C3 - ASA Annual Meeting Abstracts DA - 2010/// SP - 202–212 ER - TY - SOUND TI - Turf Talk: Bringing Sustainability into the Conversation AU - Seth Carley, D. DA - 2010/10// PY - 2010/10// ER - TY - SOUND TI - Nitrogen Management to Off-Set Heat-Stress on Creeping Bentgrass Greens AU - Seth Carley, D. DA - 2010/8// PY - 2010/8// ER - TY - SOUND TI - Managed Ecologies: Are They Sustainable? AU - Seth Carley, D. DA - 2010/2// PY - 2010/2// ER - TY - CONF TI - Bioaerosol Measurement in Animal Environments AU - Wang, L. AU - Simmons, O.D., III T2 - International Symposium on Air Quality and Manure Management for Agriculture C2 - 2010/9/13/ CY - Dallas, Texas DA - 2010/9/13/ PY - 2010/9/13/ ER - TY - CONF TI - Concentrating Adenovirus 41 in Drinking Water using Electronegative Membrane Filtration and Hollow Fiber Utrafiltration AU - Wu, J. AU - Rodriguez, R. AU - Simmons, O.D., III AU - Stewart, J.R. AU - Sobsey, M.D. T2 - 110th American Society for Microbiology General Meeting C2 - 2010/5/23/ CY - San Diego, CA DA - 2010/5/23/ PY - 2010/5/23/ ER - TY - CONF TI - Copper Ionization for Inactivating E. coli, Coliphage MS2, and Bacillus Atrophaeus Spores in Irrigation Water for Fruits and Vegetables AU - Simmons, O.D., III AU - Garzon, J. T2 - 110th American Society for Microbiology General Meeting C2 - 2010/5/23/ CY - San Diego, CA DA - 2010/5/23/ PY - 2010/5/23/ ER - TY - RPRT TI - Power, sample size and confidence interval for quantitative trait loci mapping on multiple traits AU - E Silva, L.D.C. AU - Chang, S.-M. AU - Zeng, Z.-B. DA - 2010/// PY - 2010/// ER - TY - JOUR TI - Endotoxin Levels at Swine Farms Using Different Waste Treatment and Management Technologies AU - Ko, GwangPyo AU - Simmons, III, Otto D. AU - Likirdopulos, Christina A. AU - Worley-Davis, Lynn AU - Williams, C. M. AU - Sobsey, Mark D. T2 - Environmental Science & Technology AB - Concentrated animal feeding operations (CAFOs) are a major source of airborne endotoxins, which are air pollutants that can cause adverse health effects to both on-site farmers and neighbors. Release of airborne endotoxins to the environment can be reduced using proper waste treatment and management technologies. In this study, the levels of endotoxins released from two swine CAFOs using conventional lagoon-sprayfield technology were compared to those of 15 farms using various alternative waste management technologies in North Carolina. Over a 2-year period, 236 endotoxin samples were collected from the 17 farm units and analyzed using the Limulus amebocyte lysate (LAL) test. Concentrations of airborne endotoxins near barn exhaust fans were significantly higher than at the upwind boundary of the farm and at other farm sites. For most of the study sites, mean concentrations of endotoxins at the downwind boundary of the farm were higher than those at the upwind boundary of the farm, indicating the release of endotoxins from swine CAFOs to the neighboring environment. Endotoxin levels were significantly associated with concentrations of airborne bacteria but not fungi. Environmental factors, such as temperature, relative humidity, and wind velocity, affected the levels of airborne endotoxins at the farms. Based on the ratios of airborne endotoxins in downwind and upwind samples from the farm units, at least five different alternative waste management technologies significantly reduced the release of endotoxins from swine CAFOs. These results suggest that swine CAFOs are important sources of airborne endotoxins, the levels of which can be reduced by applying more robust and effective waste management technologies. DA - 2010/5// PY - 2010/5// DO - 10.1021/es9026024 VL - 44 IS - 9 SP - 3442-3448 J2 - Environ. Sci. Technol. LA - en OP - SN - 0013-936X 1520-5851 UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/es9026024 DB - Crossref ER - TY - JOUR TI - Comparison of gene order in the chromosome region containing a TERMINAL FLOWER 1 homolog in apricot and peach reveals microsynteny across angiosperms AU - Liang, Haiying AU - Zhebentyayeva, Tetyana AU - Olukolu, Bode AU - Wilde, Dayton AU - Reighard, Gregory L. AU - Abbott, Albert T2 - Plant Science AB - The TERMINAL FLOWER 1 (TFL1) plays crucial roles in regulating the vegetative to reproductive phase transition and maintaining the inflorescence meristem. We characterized one apricot (Pa_GBa141J23) and one peach (Pp_NBa103A15) BAC clone harboring a TFL1 gene. Sequence analysis revealed that the apricot and peach TFL1 (PaTFL1 and PpTFL1) genes display a similar exon–intron organization to homologs from other eudicot species and the defined amino acid domains are preserved. Phylogenetic analysis grouped PaTFL1 and PpTFL1 with the Arabidopsis ortholog. Numerous cis-elements present in the upstream regulatory region of the Arabidopsis TFl1 were identified in the PaTFL1 and PpTFL1 promoter regions. Two TFL1 alleles involving SSR polymorphism exist in the ‘Nemared’ peach cultivar. All nine genes annotated in the apricot Pa_GBa141J23 BAC have the same gene order in the peach genome. Syntenic regions are present in angiosperm species around the TFL1 locus, with the size of syntenic region decreasing from eudicots to monocots. DA - 2010/10// PY - 2010/10// DO - 10.1016/j.plantsci.2010.06.018 VL - 179 IS - 4 SP - 390-398 J2 - Plant Science LA - en OP - SN - 0168-9452 UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.plantsci.2010.06.018 DB - Crossref KW - Apricot KW - BAC contig KW - Gene order KW - Microsynteny KW - Peach KW - TFL1 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Tillage Practices and Nitrogen Rates on Pickling Cucumber Production AU - Osmond, Deanna L. AU - Cahill, Sheri L. AU - Schultheis, Jonathan R. AU - Holmes, Gerald J. AU - Jester, Wilfred R. T2 - International Journal of Vegetable Science AB - Cucumbers require adequate nitrogen (N) for growth and development. This study was undertaken to determine the most effective tillage system and N rate for hand-picked, processing, cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) production. Three tillage systems and five N fertilizer rates were compared for effects on yield, fertilizer N use efficiency (NUE), and effects on belly rot disease caused by Rhizoctonia solani. In both years conventional tillage had greater yields than no till and was greater than strip tillage one year. Cucumber NUE was not different between tillage systems or N rates; NUE averaged 35%. In one of two years, incidence of belly rot disease was greater under no till and increased with increasing N rate; in the other year, there was no affect of tillage on belly rot. In most years, conventional tillage for cucumbers will outperform strip tillage and no till. DA - 2010/12/30/ PY - 2010/12/30/ DO - 10.1080/19315260.2010.499892 VL - 17 IS - 1 SP - 13-25 J2 - International Journal of Vegetable Science LA - en OP - SN - 1931-5260 1931-5279 UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/19315260.2010.499892 DB - Crossref ER - TY - JOUR TI - The Biotechnology Roadmap for Sugarcane Improvement AU - Hotta, Carlos T. AU - Lembke, Carolina G. AU - Domingues, Douglas S. AU - Ochoa, Edgar A. AU - Cruz, Guilherme M. Q. AU - Melotto-Passarin, Danila M. AU - Marconi, Thiago G. AU - Santos, Melissa O. AU - Mollinari, Marcelo AU - Margarido, Gabriel R. A. AU - Crivellari, Augusto César AU - dos Santos, Wanderley D. AU - de Souza, Amanda P. AU - Hoshino, Andrea A. AU - Carrer, Helaine AU - Souza, Anete P. AU - Garcia, Antônio A. F. AU - Buckeridge, Marcos S. AU - Menossi, Marcelo AU - Van Sluys, Marie-Anne AU - Souza, Glaucia M. T2 - Tropical Plant Biology DA - 2010/4/8/ PY - 2010/4/8/ DO - 10.1007/s12042-010-9050-5 VL - 3 IS - 2 SP - 75-87 J2 - Tropical Plant Biol. LA - en OP - SN - 1935-9756 1935-9764 UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12042-010-9050-5 DB - Crossref ER - TY - JOUR TI - Mendelian inheritance, linkage and linkage disequilibrium in microsatellite loci of Copaifera langsdorffii Desf. AU - Tarazi, Roberto AU - Sebbenn, Alexandre Magno AU - Mollinari, Marcelo AU - Vencovsky, Roland T2 - Conservation Genetics Resources DA - 2010/4/27/ PY - 2010/4/27/ DO - 10.1007/s12686-010-9230-5 VL - 2 IS - 1 SP - 201-204 J2 - Conservation Genet Resour LA - en OP - SN - 1877-7252 1877-7260 UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12686-010-9230-5 DB - Crossref KW - Tropical-tree KW - Microsatellite KW - Inheritance KW - Conservation ER - TY - RPRT TI - Pesticide Applicator Certification and Licensing AU - Buhler, W. A3 - North Carolina State University Cooperative Extension DA - 2010/// PY - 2010/// M1 - AG-714W PB - North Carolina State University Cooperative Extension SN - AG-714W ER - TY - JOUR TI - Operation S.A.F.E. Fly-in: The North Carolina Experience AU - Buhler, W.G. AU - Gardisser, D.R. AU - Whitney, R.W. T2 - Journal of Pesticide Safety Education DA - 2010/// PY - 2010/// VL - 12 SP - 1–12 ER - TY - RPRT TI - From Farm to Fork: a Guide to Building North Carolina’s Local Food Economy AU - Curtis, Jennifer AU - Creamer, Nancy AU - Thraves, Eliza DA - 2010/// PY - 2010/// ER - TY - CHAP TI - Hymenopteran Parasitoids and Their Role in Biological Control of Vegetable Liriomyza Leafminers AU - Liu, T.X. AU - Kang, L. AU - Lei, Z. AU - Hernández, R. T2 - Recent advances in entomological research PY - 2010/// SP - 228–243 PB - Higher Education Press ER - TY - JOUR TI - Liriomyza(Diptera: Agromyzidae) and Parasitoid Species on Pepper in the Lower Rio Grande Valley of Texas AU - Hernández, Ricardo AU - Harris, Marvin AU - Crosby, Kevin AU - Liu, Tong-Xian T2 - Southwestern Entomologist AB - Liriomyza (Diptera: Agromyzidae) leafminers are polyphagous and important pests of vegetables, field crops, and ornamental plants around the world. Liriomyza cause economic damage to vegetable crops in the Lower Rio Grande Valley of Texas. The current species composition of the leafminers and associated parasitoid species is unknown. Infested foliage and pupae collected from sand-filled trays beneath pepper, Capsicum annum L., plants were sampled in fields in the Lower Rio Grande Valley in fall 2007 and spring 2008. Foliage was stored in ziplocked bags to allow specimen emergence, and sand from the trays was sieved to collect pupae. All specimens that emerged as adults were identified and recorded. Liriomyza trifolii (Burgess) was the dominant species in peppers in the Lower Rio Grande Valley, accounting for 99% of the specimens identified. Our survey showed 20 species of parasitoids from four families (Eulophidae, Braconidae, Figitidae, and Pteromalidae) to be associated with L. trifolii. Neochrysacharis formosa (Westwood) was the most abundant parasitoid during both seasons, accounting for ≈60% of the specimens. DA - 2010/3// PY - 2010/3// DO - 10.3958/059.035.0104 VL - 35 IS - 1 SP - 33-43 J2 - Southwestern Entomologist LA - en OP - SN - 0147-1724 0147-1724 UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.3958/059.035.0104 DB - Crossref ER - TY - JOUR TI - Glycine and a Glycine Dehydrogenase (GLDC) SNP as Citalopram/Escitalopram Response Biomarkers in Depression: Pharmacometabolomics-Informed Pharmacogenomics AU - Ji, Y AU - Hebbring, S AU - Zhu, H AU - Jenkins, G D AU - Biernacka, J AU - Snyder, K AU - Drews, M AU - Fiehn, O AU - Zeng, Z AU - Schaid, D AU - Mrazek, D A AU - Kaddurah-Daouk, R AU - Weinshilboum, R M T2 - Clinical Pharmacology & Therapeutics AB - Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a common psychiatric disease. Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) are an important class of drugs used in the treatment of MDD. However, many patients do not respond adequately to SSRI therapy. We used a pharmacometabolomics-informed pharmacogenomic research strategy to identify citalopram/escitalopram treatment outcome biomarkers. Metabolomic assay of plasma samples from 20 escitalopram remitters and 20 nonremitters showed that glycine was negatively associated with treatment outcome (P = 0.0054). This observation was pursued by genotyping tag single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) for genes encoding glycine synthesis and degradation enzymes, using 529 DNA samples from SSRI-treated MDD patients. The rs10975641 SNP in the glycine dehydrogenase (GLDC) gene was associated with treatment outcome phenotypes. Genotyping for rs10975641 was carried out in 1,245 MDD patients in the Sequenced Treatment Alternatives to Relieve Depression (STAR*D) study, and its presence was significant (P = 0.02) in DNA taken from these patients. These results highlight a possible role for glycine in SSRI response and illustrate the use of pharmacometabolomics to “inform” pharmacogenomics. Clinical Pharmacology & Therapeutics (2011) 89 1, 97–104. doi: 10.1038/clpt.2010.250 DA - 2010/11/24/ PY - 2010/11/24/ DO - 10.1038/clpt.2010.250 VL - 89 IS - 1 SP - 97-104 J2 - Clin Pharmacol Ther OP - SN - 0009-9236 1532-6535 UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/clpt.2010.250 DB - Crossref ER - TY - CHAP TI - Small-Scale School and Domestic Vermicomposting Systems AU - Sherman, Rhonda AU - Appelhof, Mary T2 - Vermiculture Technology PY - 2010/12/15/ DO - 10.1201/b10453-7 SP - 67-78 OP - PB - CRC Press SN - 9781439809877 9781439809884 UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/b10453-7 DB - Crossref ER - TY - JOUR TI - Lipidomic analysis of variation in response to simvastatin in the Cholesterol and Pharmacogenetics Study AU - Kaddurah-Daouk, Rima AU - Baillie, Rebecca A. AU - Zhu, Hongjie AU - Zeng, Zhao-Bang AU - Wiest, Michelle M. AU - Nguyen, Uyen Thao AU - Watkins, Steven M. AU - Krauss, Ronald M. T2 - Metabolomics AB - Statins are commonly used for reducing cardiovascular disease risk but therapeutic benefit and reductions in levels of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) vary among individuals. Other effects, including reductions in C-reactive protein (CRP), also contribute to treatment response. Metabolomics provides powerful tools to map pathways implicated in variation in response to statin treatment. This could lead to mechanistic hypotheses that provide insight into the underlying basis for individual variation in drug response. Using a targeted lipidomics platform, we defined lipid changes in blood samples from the upper and lower tails of the LDL-C response distribution in the Cholesterol and Pharmacogenetics study. Metabolic changes in responders are more comprehensive than those seen in non-responders. Baseline cholesterol ester and phospholipid metabolites correlated with LDL-C response to treatment. CRP response to therapy correlated with baseline plasmalogens, lipids involved in inflammation. There was no overlap of lipids whose changes correlated with LDL-C or CRP responses to simvastatin suggesting that distinct metabolic pathways govern statin effects on these two biomarkers. Metabolic signatures could provide insights about variability in response and mechanisms of action of statins. ELECTRONIC SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL: The online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s11306-010-0207-x) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. DA - 2010/4/1/ PY - 2010/4/1/ DO - 10.1007/s11306-010-0207-x VL - 6 IS - 2 SP - 191-201 J2 - Metabolomics LA - en OP - SN - 1573-3882 1573-3890 UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11306-010-0207-x DB - Crossref KW - Cardiovascular disease KW - Lipidomics KW - Metabolomics KW - Pharmacogenomics KW - Pharmacometabolomics KW - Simvastatin ER - TY - JOUR TI - Questions regarding the distribution of grape root rot Roesleria subterranea (Weinm.) Redhead AU - Hoffmann, M. AU - Ruehl, E.H. T2 - German Wine Magazine DA - 2010/// PY - 2010/// VL - 43 SP - 16-17 ER - TY - RPRT TI - Commercial Production of Staked Tomatoes in the Southeast (including Alabama, Georgia, Louisiana, Mississippi, North Carolina and South Carolina) AU - Ivors, K. AU - Sanders, D. A3 - North Carolina State University DA - 2010/// PY - 2010/// M1 - AG-405 PB - North Carolina State University SN - AG-405 ER - TY - RPRT TI - Herbicide carryover in hay, manure, compost, and grass clippings: Caution to hay producers, livestock owners, farmers, and home gardeners AU - Davis, J. AU - Johnson, S.E. AU - Jennings, K.M. A3 - North Carolina State University DA - 2010/// PY - 2010/// M1 - AG-727W PB - North Carolina State University SN - AG-727W ER - TY - JOUR TI - Demonstration Gardens as Teaching Tools in Extension Horticulture Programs: Their Characterstics, Utilization, Target Audiences, Benefits, and Challenges as Implemented by Horticulture Extension Agents in North Carolina. AU - Glen, Charlotte DA - 2010/// PY - 2010/// UR - http://www.lib.ncsu.edu/resolver/1840.16/6483 ER - TY - JOUR TI - QTL mapping of internal heat necrosis in tetraploid potato AU - McCord, P. H. AU - Sosinski, B. R. AU - Haynes, K. G. AU - Clough, M. E. AU - Yencho, G. C. T2 - Theoretical and Applied Genetics DA - 2010/8// PY - 2010/8// DO - 10.1007/s00122-010-1429-z VL - 122 IS - 1 SP - 129-142 KW - QTL KW - Internal heat necrosis KW - Linkage mapping KW - Potato KW - Tetraploid KW - Solanum tuberosum ER - TY - JOUR TI - Identification of quantitative trait loci for dry-matter, starch, and β-carotene content in sweetpotato AU - Cervantes-Flores, J. C. AU - Sosinski, B. AU - Pecota, K. V. AU - Mwanga, R. O. M. AU - Catignani, G. L. AU - Truong, V. D. AU - Watkins, R. H. AU - Ulmer, M. R. AU - Yencho, G. C. T2 - Molecular Breeding DA - 2010/7// PY - 2010/7// DO - 10.1007/s11032-010-9474-5 VL - 28 IS - 2 SP - 201-216 KW - Ipomoea batatas KW - Sweetpotato KW - Sweetpotato breeding KW - QTL KW - Molecular marker KW - Molecular mapping KW - Polyploid mapping KW - Marker-assisted breeding KW - Vitamin A ER - TY - CONF TI - Vegetative propagation of bottle brush buckeye (Aesculus parviflora) and Florida flame azalea (Rhododendron austrinum) by mound layering AU - Conner, J.L. AU - LeBude, A.V. AU - Ranney, T.G. AU - Jones, J. C2 - 2010/// C3 - Proceedings of the Southern Nursery Association Research Conference, 55th Annual Report DA - 2010/// VL - 55 SP - 302–306 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Vegetative propagation of Oconee azalea (Rhododendron flammeum) by stem cuttings and mound layering AU - Jones, J.R. AU - LeBude, A.V. AU - Ranney, T.G. T2 - Journal of Environmental Horticulture DA - 2010/// PY - 2010/// VL - 28 IS - 2 SP - 69-73 ER - TY - MGZN TI - Storm warning: Reinventing flowering quince AU - Ranney, T.G. T2 - Nursery Notes DA - 2010/// PY - 2010/// VL - 44 SP - 36-37 M1 - 3 ER - TY - SOUND TI - Response of Miscanthus ×giganteus to phosphorus and nitrogen fertilizer on low phosphorus soils in North Carolina AU - Haines, S.A. AU - Gehl, R.J. AU - Ranney, T.G. AU - Havlin, J.L. DA - 2010/1/19/ PY - 2010/1/19/ M3 - poster ER - TY - CONF TI - Progress developing non-invasive nursery crops AU - Ranney, T.G. AU - Touchell, D.H. AU - Eaker, T. AU - Mowrey, J. AU - Lynch, N. AU - Smith, J. C2 - 2010/// C3 - Proceedings of the Combined International Plant Propagators’ Society DA - 2010/// VL - 60 SP - 422–423 ER - TY - CONF TI - Optimizing in vitro growth conditions for Magnolia 'Ann' AU - Parris, J.K. AU - Touchell, D.H. AU - Ranney, T.G. C2 - 2010/// C3 - Proceedings of the Southern Nursery Association Research Conference, 55th Annual Report DA - 2010/// VL - 55 SP - 30–35 ER - TY - JOUR TI - In vitro shoot regeneration and polyploidy induction of Rhododendron ‘Fragrantissimum Improved’ AU - Hebert, C.J. AU - Touchell, D.H. AU - Ranney, T.G. AU - LeBude, A.V. T2 - HortScience AB - Rhododendron L.‘Fragrantissimum Improved’ is an attractive cultivar with showy, fragrant flowers but has limited potential for breeding because it is a sterile wide hybrid. Protocols for in vitro regeneration and polyploid induction were developed for this cultivar as a means to potentially restore fertility and enhance ornamental traits. Combinations of thidiazuron (TDZ) at 0, 5, 10, 15, or 20 μM and 1-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) at 0, 2.5, 5, or 10 μM were used to induce shoot regeneration from leaves. Shoot regeneration was optimized (68% of leaf segments produced shoots) using 8.8 μM TDZ and 10 μM NAA. To induce polyploidy, regenerative callus was treated with 7.5, 15, 30, 60, or 90 μM of the mitotic inhibitor oryzalin for 1, 3, 5, 7, or 14 d in various combinations. Oryzalin significantly affected survival and shoot regenerative capacity. A percentage of homogenous, tetraploid shoots was recovered from treatments of 30 μM oryzalin for 1 (13%) or 3 (13%) days and 7.5 μM oryzalin for 7 (20%) or 14 (7%) days. DA - 2010/// PY - 2010/// DO - 10.21273/hortsci.45.5.801 VL - 45 IS - 4 SP - 801-804 KW - polyploidy KW - shoot organogenesis KW - oryzalin KW - thidiazuron KW - 6-(gamma,gamma-dimethylallylamino) purine KW - indole-3-acetic acid KW - 1-naphthaleneacetic acid ER - TY - CONF TI - Breeding new plants for modern landscapes AU - Ranney, T.G. C2 - 2010/// C3 - Proceedings of the Combined International Plant Propagators’ Society DA - 2010/// VL - 60 SP - 518–520 ER - TY - MGZN TI - A few new plants AU - Ranney, T.G. T2 - Nursery Notes DA - 2010/// PY - 2010/// VL - 44 SP - 13-17 M1 - 6 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Influence of field margin type on weed species richness and abundance in conventional crop fields AU - Reberg-Horton, S.C. AU - Mueller, J.P. AU - Mellage, S.J. AU - Creamer, N.G. AU - Brownie, C. AU - Bell, M. AU - Burton, M.G. T2 - Renewable Agriculture and Food Systems AB - Abstract Natural vegetation occurring on farms in field margins, fallow fields, ditch systems and neighboring forests, provides increased biodiversity, structural diversity, habitat for wildlife and beneficial insects, and can act as a protective buffer against agrochemical drift. Nevertheless, farmers frequently view these areas as non-productive and as potential sources of weeds, insect pests and diseases. Weed species richness and abundance were examined in crop fields in 2002–2003 at the Center for Environmental Farming Systems near Goldsboro, NC to determine if crop field weed infestation was associated with field margin management (managed versus unmanaged). Weed species abundance and richness were measured over two growing seasons on four occasions in crop fields along permanent transects that extended from the field edge toward the center of the field. The presence/absence of data for all plant species in the field margin was also recorded. For both margin types, managed and unmanaged, more weeds were found near the field edge than in the center of the field. Weed species richness was slightly higher in cropland bordering managed margins than in cropland along unmanaged margins. Several significant interactions led to an examination of nine dominant weed species in each field margin type and their distribution in crop fields. When all sampling dates were pooled, only 42 (40%) of 105 species identified in the field margins were observed in the crop field. Managed margins had lower species richness than unmanaged field margins—less than half the mean number of species (15 versus 6 species, respectively). Contingency table analysis did not reveal any association between plant species occurring in the margin and those found in the crop field. Furthermore, margin type and weed presence in the field margin were not effective predictors of weed occurrence in the crop field as determined by logistic regression. DA - 2010/11// PY - 2010/11// DO - 10.1017/s1742170510000451 VL - 26 IS - 02 SP - 127-136 KW - field margin KW - weed populations KW - crop edges KW - farm natural areas ER - TY - NEWS TI - Field borders and beneficial habitat research T2 - Organic Grain Project Newsletter PY - 2010/// UR - http://www.organicgrains.ncsu.edu/Newsletters/June10.htm ER - TY - JOUR TI - Assessing Bt Silage Corn in Maine AU - Jemison, John AU - Reberg-Horton, Chris T2 - Crop Management AB - Crop ManagementVolume 9, Issue 1 p. 1-8 Crop Management Research Assessing Bt Silage Corn in Maine John Jemison, Corresponding Author John Jemison Extension Professor [email protected] University of Maine Cooperative Extension, Orono, Maine, ME, 04469Corresponding author: John Jemison. [email protected]Search for more papers by this authorChris Reberg-Horton, Chris Reberg-Horton Assistant Professor Department of Crop Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27695Search for more papers by this author John Jemison, Corresponding Author John Jemison Extension Professor [email protected] University of Maine Cooperative Extension, Orono, Maine, ME, 04469Corresponding author: John Jemison. [email protected]Search for more papers by this authorChris Reberg-Horton, Chris Reberg-Horton Assistant Professor Department of Crop Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27695Search for more papers by this author First published: 22 October 2010 https://doi.org/10.1094/CM-2010-1022-01-RSCitations: 1 Jemison, J., and Reberg-Horton, C. 2010. Assessing Bt silage corn in Maine. Online. Crop Management doi:10.1094/CM-2010-1022-01-RS. Read the full textAboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onEmailFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditWechat Abstract Over 90 percent of the corn grown in Maine is grown for silage, yet most research has focused on the effectiveness of Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) corn as grain corn. In response to grower interest, a seven site-year-location (SYL) study was conducted across the dairy production region of Maine to evaluate the effect of Bt corn on insect feeding damage, silage corn yield, mycotoxin content in chopped silage, and forage quality. Black cutworm damage over the course of the study was generally less than 1%, and European corn borer (ECB) damage was light to moderate with stalk tunneling between 2% for Bt hybrids and 11% based on non-Bt hybrids. Although Bt significantly reduced ECB feeding in leaves and stalks, this did not lead to yield, silage mycotoxin, or forage quality differences. Based on these results, potential yield increases and reduced mycotoxins in silage would be expected only in years with greater insect pressure than that found in this study. Literature Cited 1Bode W. M., Calvin D. D.. 1990. Yield-loss relationships and economic injury levels for European corn borer lepidoptera pyralidae populations infesting Pennsylvania USA field corn. J. Econ. Entomol. 83: 1595–1603. http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=agrocropsoil&KeyUT=A1990DU77400080&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=WOS_CPL&UsrCustomerID=523bbf5d2a868de7bbaeea0bc70ec0e4 Google Scholar 2Cornejo F. J., McBride W. D.. 2002. Adoption of bioengineered crops. Online. Agric. Economic Rept. AER-810, USDA-Economic Research Service, Washington, DC. Google Scholar 3Dillehay B. L., Roth G. W., Calvin D. D., Kratochvil R. J., Kuldau G. A., Hyde J. A.. 2004. Performance of Bt corn hybrids, their near isolines and leading corn hybrids in Pennsylvania and Maryland. Agron. J. 96: 818–824.https://doi.org/10.2134/agronj2004.0818 http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=agrocropsoil&KeyUT=000221754000028&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=WOS_CPL&UsrCustomerID=523bbf5d2a868de7bbaeea0bc70ec0e4 Google Scholar 4Graeber J. V., Nafziger E. D., Mies D. W.. 1999. Evaluation of transgenic, Bt-containing corn hybrids. J. Prod. Ag. 12: 547–551. Google Scholar 5Jemison J. M. Jr., Lytle D. E.. 1996. Evaluation of two nitrogen testing methods in Maine. J. Prod. Ag. 9: 108–114.https://doi.org/10.2134/jpa1996.0108 http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=agrocropsoil&KeyUT=A1996UF74700015&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=WOS_CPL&UsrCustomerID=523bbf5d2a868de7bbaeea0bc70ec0e4 10.2134/jpa1996.0108 Google Scholar 6Lauer J., Wedberg J.. 1999. Grain yield of initial Bt corn hybrid introductions to farmers in the northern corn belt. J. Prod. Ag. 12: 373–376.https://doi.org/10.2134/jpa1999.0373 http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=agrocropsoil&KeyUT=000082233800001&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=WOS_CPL&UsrCustomerID=523bbf5d2a868de7bbaeea0bc70ec0e4 10.2134/jpa1999.0373 Google Scholar 7Ma B. L., Subedi K. D.. 2005. Development, yield, grain moisture and nitrogen uptakeof Bt corn hybrids and their conventional near-isolines. Field Crops Res. 93: 199–211.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fcr.2004.09.021 http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=agrocropsoil&KeyUT=000230509600007&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=WOS_CPL&UsrCustomerID=523bbf5d2a868de7bbaeea0bc70ec0e4 Google Scholar 8Munkvold G. P., Hellmich R. L., Rice L. G.. 1999. Comparison of fumonisin concentrations in kernels of transgenic Bt maize hybrids and non-transgenic hybrids. Plant Dis. 83: 130–138.https://doi.org/10.1094/PDIS.1999.83.2.130 http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=agrocropsoil&KeyUT=000078234100007&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=WOS_CPL&UsrCustomerID=523bbf5d2a868de7bbaeea0bc70ec0e4 Google Scholar 9Onstad D. W., Joselyn M. G., Isard S. A., Levine E., Spencer J. L., Bledsoe L. W., Edwards C. R., Di Fonzo C. D., Willson H.. 1999. Modeling the spread of western corn rootworm (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) populations after soybean corn rotations. Environ. Entomol. 28: 188–194. http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=agrocropsoil&KeyUT=000080061800007&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=WOS_CPL&UsrCustomerID=523bbf5d2a868de7bbaeea0bc70ec0e4 Google Scholar 10Rice M. E., Pilcher C. D.. 1998. Potential benefits and limitations of transgenic Bt corn for management of the European corn borer (Lepidoptera: Crambidae). Am. Entomol. 44: 75–78. Google Scholar 11Ritchie S., Hanway J. J., Benson G. O.. 1993. How a corn plant develops. Online. Coop. Ext. Special Rept. #48, Iowa State Univ., Ames, IA. Google Scholar 12Singer J. W., Taylor R. W., Bamka W. J.. 2003. Corn yield response of Bt and near-isolines to plant density. Online. Crop Management doi:10.1094/CM-2003-0829-01-RS. Google Scholar 13Stanger T. F., Lauer J. G.. 2006. Optimum plant population of Bt and non-Bt corn in Wisconsin. Agron. J. 98: 914–921.https://doi.org/10.2134/agronj2005.0144 http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=agrocropsoil&KeyUT=000239287100006&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=WOS_CPL&UsrCustomerID=523bbf5d2a868de7bbaeea0bc70ec0e4 Google Scholar 14Sutton, P., Koplinka-Loehr, C., VanKirk, J., Cowles, M., and Waldron, J. K. Pocket guide to alfalfa and field corn management. Publ. No. 313A, Cornell Univ., Ithaca, NY. Google Scholar 15Turpin F. T., Dumenh L. C., Peters D. C.. 1972. Edaphic and Agronomic charactes that affect potential for rootworm damage to corn in Iowa. J. Econ. Ent. 5: 1615–1619. Google Scholar 16Vincelli P.. 2002. Fumonisin, vomitoxin, and other mycotoxins in corn produced by Fusarium fungi. Coop. Ext. Factsheet ID 121. Univ. of Kentucky, Lexington, KY. Google Scholar 17Wu F.. 2006. Mycotoxin reduction in Bt corn: Potential economic, health, and regulatory impacts. Transgenic Res. 15: 277–289.https://doi.org/10.1007/s11248-005-5237-1 http://gateway.webofknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&SrcAuth=agrocropsoil&KeyUT=000238328300002&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=WOS_CPL&UsrCustomerID=523bbf5d2a868de7bbaeea0bc70ec0e4 Google Scholar Citing Literature Volume9, Issue12010Pages 1-8 ReferencesRelatedInformation DA - 2010/10/1/ PY - 2010/10/1/ DO - 10.1094/CM-2010-1022-01-RS VL - 9 IS - 1 SP - 00 LA - en SN - 1543-7833 UR - https://dl.sciencesocieties.org/publications/cm/abstracts/9/1/2010-1022-01-RS DB - dl.sciencesocieties.org Y2 - 2019/2/8/ ER - TY - NEWS TI - Organic wheat storage and marketing T2 - Organic Grain Project Newsletter PY - 2010/10/3/ UR - http://www.organicgrains.ncsu.edu/Newsletters/March10.htm ER - TY - NEWS TI - Organic spelt and canola: new crops for NC? T2 - Organic Grain Project Newsletter PY - 2010/// UR - http://www.organicgrains.ncsu.edu/Newsletters/December2010.htm ER - TY - NEWS TI - Organic soybean seeding rate T2 - Organic Grain Project Newsletter PY - 2010/// UR - http://www.organicgrains.ncsu.edu/Newsletters/March10.htm ER - TY - JOUR TI - Influence of field margin type on weed species richness and abundance in conventional crop fields AU - Reberg-Horton, S.C. AU - Mueller, J.P. AU - Mellage, S.J. AU - Creamer, N.G. AU - Brownie, C. AU - Bell, M. AU - Burton, M.G. T2 - Renewable Agriculture and Food Systems DA - 2010/// PY - 2010/// DO - 10.1017/S174217051000045 VL - 26 ER - TY - NEWS TI - Rolled rye mulches for weed control in organic no-till soybeans T2 - Organic Grain Project Newsletter PY - 2010/// UR - http://www.organicgrains.ncsu.edu/Newsletters/December2010.htm ER - TY - SOUND TI - Ultra High Density EST-Based Maps Reveal Genome Differences Between C. frutescence And C. annuum AU - Hill, Theresa AU - Ashrafi, Hamid AU - Kozik, Alex AU - Deynze, Allen Van DA - 2010/1/14/ PY - 2010/1/14/ M3 - poster ER - TY - JOUR TI - Web-based tool for managing master gardener programs AU - Bradley, Lucy AU - Cook, C. AU - Neill, K. T2 - Acta Horticulturae DA - 2010/// PY - 2010/// DO - 10.17660/actahortic.2010.881.136 VL - 881 SP - 829–832 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Sustainable urban, residential, gardening and landscaping: training agents to mobilize master gardener volunteers AU - Bradley, Lucy AU - Bauske, E. T2 - Acta Horticulturae DA - 2010/// PY - 2010/// DO - 10.17660/actahortic.2010.881.25 VL - 881 SP - 201–206 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Integrated extension programs in community gardening AU - Bradley, Lucy AU - Baldwin, K. AU - Jakes, S. AU - Jayaratne, K. S. U. AU - Neill, K. AU - Driscoll, E. A. AU - Beth, D. T2 - Acta Horticulturae AB - North Carolina Cooperative Extension adopted an integrated approach to addressing complex issues through community gardening. Extension specialists and county agents in horticulture, community development, family consumer science and 4-H youth development worked together to develop program materials, training and evaluation tools. A series of workshops were conducted around the state for Extension Master Gardener Volunteers, county Extension agents, community gardeners, and public and non profit agency staff. In addition integration beyond Extension included public health and community-based partners. A statewide website and listserve were created to distribute supporting information and promote communication. DA - 2010/// PY - 2010/// DO - 10.17660/actahortic.2010.881.4 VL - 881 SP - 67–71 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Grafting fruiting vegetables to manage soilborne pathogens, foliar pathogens, arthropods and weeds AU - Louws, Frank J. AU - Rivard, Cary L. AU - Kubota, Chieri T2 - SCIENTIA HORTICULTURAE AB - Grafting is an important integrated pest management strategy to manage soilborne pathogens and other pests of solanaceous and cucurbitaceous crops. Important diseases managed by grafting are caused by fungal pathogens such as Verticillium, Fusarium, Pyrenochaeta and Monosporascus; oomycete pathogens like Phytophthora; bacterial pathogens, particularly Ralstonia; root knot nematodes and several soil-borne virus pathogens. Rootstocks can include intraspecific selections that utilize specific major resistance genes and interspecific and intergeneric selections that exploit non-host resistance mechanisms or multigenic resistance. Rootstock selection has also been documented to impact foliar pests including pathogens, arthropods and viruses. Over-reliance on specific rootstocks in production systems has led to the emergence of new pathogens or shifts in the host specificity of the pathogen population, emphasizing the need for multi-tactic approaches to manage soilborne pathogens. One advantage and associated challenge of grafting is that rootstock selection for disease management is site specific depending on the presence, population structure and dynamics of the pathogen, as well as edaphic, environmental and anthropogenic factors. The use of grafting as an Integrated pest management tool to manage biotic stress will be most successful when carried out with increasing knowledge about the biology, diversity, and population dynamics of the pathogen or other pests and when complemented with sustainable farming system practices. This review highlights major uses of grafting to manage soilborne pathogens, provides some novel information on managing foliar or other soilborne pests (insects, mites, weeds) and offers discussion on future research and applications. DA - 2010/12/8/ PY - 2010/12/8/ DO - 10.1016/j.scienta.2010.09.023 VL - 127 IS - 2 SP - 127-146 SN - 1879-1018 KW - Plant pathogens KW - Arthropod KW - Tomato KW - Pepper KW - Eggplant KW - Cucurbit ER - TY - JOUR TI - Autophosphorylation of Tyr-610 in the receptor kinase BAK1 plays a role in brassinosteroid signaling and basal defense gene expression (Retracted article. See vol. 113, pg. E3987, 2016) AU - Oh, Man-Ho AU - Wang, Xiaofeng AU - Wu, Xia AU - Zhao, Youfu AU - Clouse, Steven D. AU - Huber, Steven C. T2 - PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA AB - BAK1 is a leucine-rich repeat receptor-like kinase that functions as a coreceptor with the brassinosteroid (BR) receptor BRI1 and the flagellin receptor FLS2, and as a negative regulator of programmed cell death. BAK1 has been shown to autophosphorylate on numerous serine/threonine sites in vitro as well as to transphosphorylate associated receptor kinases both in vitro and in planta. In the present study we identify Tyr-610 in the carboxyl-terminal domain of BAK1 as a major site of autophosphorylation that is brassinolide-induced in vivo and requires a kinase-active BAK1. Expression of BAK1(Y610F)-Flag in transgenic plants lacking the endogenous bak1 and its functional paralogue, bkk1, produced plants that were viable but extremely small and generally resembled BR signaling mutants, whereas an acidic substitution for Tyr-610 to mimic phosphorylation restored normal growth. Several lines of evidence support the notion that BR signaling is impaired in the BAK1(Y610F)-Flag plants, and are consistent with the recently proposed sequential transphosphorylation model for BRI1/BAK1 interaction and activation. In contrast, the FLS2-mediated inhibition of seedling growth by the flg22 elicitor occurred normally in the Y610F-directed mutant. However, expression of many defense genes was dramatically reduced in BAK1(Y610F) plants and the nonpathogenic hrpA mutant of Pseudomonas syringae was able to grow rapidly in the mutant. These results indicate that phosphorylation of Tyr-610 is required for some but not all functions of BAK1, and adds significantly to the emerging notion that tyrosine phosphorylation could play an important role in plant receptor kinase signaling. DA - 2010/10/12/ PY - 2010/10/12/ DO - 10.1073/pnas.0915064107 VL - 107 IS - 41 SP - 17827-17832 SN - 0027-8424 KW - basal immunity KW - flagellin signaling KW - receptor-like kinase KW - tyrosine phosphorylation KW - phosphospecific antibodies ER - TY - JOUR TI - Statistical Evaluation of Factors Affecting Indicator Bacteria in Urban Storm-Water Runoff AU - Hathaway, J. M. AU - Hunt, W. F. AU - Simmons, O. D., III T2 - JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING AB - An urban watershed in Raleigh, North Carolina, was monitored for indicator bacteria during 20 rain events. Results showed elevated levels of E. coli, enterococci, and fecal coliform. Samples were compared based on seasonality and were found to be statistically different (p<0.05), with pairwise comparisons indicating significantly lower concentrations of E. coli and fecal coliform during the winter (p<0.05). Enterococci concentrations were substantially lower in the winter and fall, but no significant differences were found between seasons during pairwise comparisons (p<0.05). Correlation analyses showed multiple significant relationships between antecedent climate parameters, flow characteristics, and indicator bacteria concentrations. More detailed multiple linear regression yielded explanatory variables related to antecedent climate conditions. Variables were generally related to temperature and moisture conditions in the atmosphere and soil. The results of this study show indicator bacteria concentrations significantly vary based on season; however, this variability can partially be explained by antecedent climate data. DA - 2010/12// PY - 2010/12// DO - 10.1061/(asce)ee.1943-7870.0000278 VL - 136 IS - 12 SP - 1360-1368 SN - 1943-7870 KW - Indicator bacteria KW - E. coli KW - Enterococci KW - Fecal coliform KW - Correlation KW - Storm water KW - Runoff KW - Watershed ER - TY - JOUR TI - Postharvest handling procedures of Matthiola incana 'Vivas Blue' AU - Regan, Erin M. AU - Dole, John M. T2 - POSTHARVEST BIOLOGY AND TECHNOLOGY AB - Cut stems of stock [Matthiola incana (L.) R. Br.] ‘Vivas Blue’, a new cultivar, were harvested when at least one floret was open for postharvest testing. Stems were unaffected by exogenous ethylene or by the application of the anti-ethylene agents silver thiosulfate and 1-methylcyclopropene. Stems had a longer vase life when stored dry, as compared to being stored in water, for no more than 2 weeks. Stems held at 2 °C had a significantly longer vase life, 13.3 d, than stems that were not stored in the cold, 9.9 d. No significant differences in vase life, number of open buds, or termination criteria occurred when stems were pulsed with 0, 10, or 20% sucrose. Stems had a longer vase life, 20.3 d, when placed in foam and a 2% sucrose solution with a bactericide as compared to 0 or 4% sucrose in water with a bactericide. Additionally, stems held in foam and 2% sucrose or in 4% sucrose without foam, but with a bactericide, developed a deep purple color over time. Bud opening increased as sucrose concentration increased regardless of floral foam use. Various commercial preservatives did not result in significant differences in vase life, number of open buds, or termination criteria. Vase life was longer, 12.1–13.0 d, when solutions were made from deionized water than when the solutions were made from tap water, 11.3 d. DA - 2010/12// PY - 2010/12// DO - 10.1016/j.postharvbio.2010.07.011 VL - 58 IS - 3 SP - 268-273 SN - 1873-2356 KW - Foam KW - Ethylene KW - 1-MCP KW - STS KW - Sucrose ER - TY - JOUR TI - Vase life of new cut flower cultivars AU - Clark, E. M. R. AU - Dole, J. M. AU - Carlson, A. S. AU - Moody, E. P. AU - McCall, I. F. AU - Fanelli, F. L. AU - Fonteno, W. C. T2 - HortTechnology DA - 2010/// PY - 2010/// VL - 20 IS - 6 SP - 1016-1025 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Present Status and Future Prospects of Cut Rose Production in Punjab, Pakistan AU - Ahmad, Iftikhar AU - Dole, John M. AU - Khan, M. Aslam AU - Qasim, M. AU - Ahmad, Tanveer AU - Khan, A. S. T2 - HORTTECHNOLOGY AB - Present status and future prospects of cut rose ( Rosa ×hybrida ) flower production and postharvest management in Punjab, Pakistan, were investigated. Cut roses were the leading flower crop in the area under study, but production systems and practices were outdated and primitive, resulting in cut stems that were not acceptable in international markets. The majority of growers (65%) had only basic education (grade 10 or less) and 57% had small landholdings (<1 ha); therefore, they did not have modern production techniques and resources for high-quality cut rose production. Moreover, lack of production and postharvest facilities, ignorance of both public and private resources, and poor production and postharvest practices were prevalent. Growers' training regarding production and postharvest management would be required to lift the quality standards of this industry up to the international level. However, a positive trend was observed in cut rose businesses as more than half of growers (52%) entered into the business during last 5 years. In addition, 30% of growers were in business over 10 years, indicating that cut rose production can provide a sustained income for producers. This analysis of the cut rose industry in Punjab can serve as a model for other countries whose cut flowers industries are at a similar stage of development. DA - 2010/12// PY - 2010/12// DO - 10.21273/hortsci.20.6.1010 VL - 20 IS - 6 SP - 1010-1015 SN - 1943-7714 KW - Rosa xhybrida KW - floriculture KW - international KW - problems KW - postharvest management ER - TY - JOUR TI - Ploidy Levels, Relative Genome Sizes, and Base Pair Composition in Magnolia AU - Parris, J. Kevin AU - Ranney, Thomas G. AU - Knap, Halina T. AU - Baird, W. Vance T2 - JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE AB - The genus Magnolia includes over 250 species that range in ploidy level from diploid to hexaploid. Although there is basic information on ploidy levels of various species, sampling has been limited and little information on specific cultivars and hybrids is available. The objective of this research was to determine relative genome sizes and relationships to ploidy levels among a diverse collection of species, hybrids, and cultivars using flow cytometry. Nuclei were extracted, stained with 4′, 6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI), and analyzed using a flow cytometer. Relative genome sizes were determined using Pisum sativum as the reference genome. Genome size was calibrated with ploidy level for species with documented chromosome numbers. Relative genome size for a given ploidy level varied significantly among most taxonomic sections indicating these groups have undergone considerable genomic divergence. These data also indicate it is desirable to calibrate ploidy level with relative genome size for each section separately. Within a section, relative 2C genome sizes, for a given ploidy level, had narrow ranges and could be used to clearly distinguish between euploid levels. Genome size estimates, determined with DAPI or propidium iodide fluorochromes, varied (by 0% to 14%) as a function of species and base pair (bp) composition. Both methods were suitable for determining euploid level. Base pair composition of representative Magnolia species ranged from 61.6% to 63.91% AT. Genome sizes and ploidy levels are presented for a broad range of species and hybrids within genus Magnolia . This information also provides further insight into reproductive biology, substantiation of numerous hybrids and induced polyploids, and comparison of methods for determining genome size that will help facilitate the development of improved hybrids in the future. DA - 2010/11// PY - 2010/11// DO - 10.21273/jashs.135.6.533 VL - 135 IS - 6 SP - 533-547 SN - 2327-9788 KW - cytology KW - chromosomes KW - DNA content KW - fluorochrome KW - flow cytometry KW - plant breeding taxonomy ER - TY - JOUR TI - Performance of primocane-fruiting experimental blackberry cultivars in the Southern Appalachian Mountains AU - Fernandez, G. E. AU - Ballington, J. R. T2 - HortTechnology DA - 2010/// PY - 2010/// VL - 20 IS - 6 SP - 996-1000 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Developing moisture characteristic curves and their descriptive functions at low tensions for soilless substrates AU - Altland, J. E. AU - Owen, J. S. AU - Fonteno, W. C. T2 - Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science DA - 2010/// PY - 2010/// VL - 135 IS - 6 SP - 563-567 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Interaction of Cultivar, Planting Pattern, and Weed Management Tactics in Peanut AU - Place, G. T. AU - Reberg-Horton, S. C. AU - Jordan, D. L. T2 - WEED SCIENCE AB - Planting peanut in narrow rows for weed control has not been investigated in recently released Virginia market peanut cultivars. Research was conducted in North Carolina from 2007 to 2009 to determine the effect of cultivar, planting pattern, and level of weed management inputs on weed control, peanut yield, and estimated economic return. Experiments consisted of three levels of weed management (clethodim applied POST, cultivation and hand-removal of weeds, and clethodim and appropriate broadleaf herbicides applied POST), three levels of planting pattern (single rows spaced 91 cm apart, standard twin rows spaced 20 cm apart on 91-cm centers, and narrow twin rows consisting of twin rows spaced 20 cm apart on 46-cm centers), and two Virginia cultivars (‘NC 12C’ and ‘VA 98R’). Weed management affected common lambsquarters, common ragweed, eclipta, nodding spurge, pitted morningglory, Texas millet, and yellow nutsedge control, irrespective of cultivar or planting pattern. Cultivar and planting pattern had only minor effects on weed control and interactions of these treatment factors seldom occurred. Weed control achieved with cultivation plus hand-removal was similar to weed management observed with grass and broadleaf herbicide programs. Pod yield did not differ among treatments when broadleaf weeds were the dominant species but did differ when Texas millet was the most prevalent weed. The highest yield with conventional herbicide weed management was in standard twin and narrow twin row planting patterns, although no differences among planting patterns were noted when cultivation and hand-removal were the primary weed management tactics. Differences in estimated economic return were associated with weed species, and interactions of treatment factors varied by year for that parameter. DA - 2010/// PY - 2010/// DO - 10.1614/ws-d-10-00012.1 VL - 58 IS - 4 SP - 442-448 SN - 1550-2759 KW - Cultural weed control KW - integrated weed management KW - low-Input weed management KW - mechanical weed control ER - TY - JOUR TI - Evaluation of Flumioxazin and S-metolachlor Rate and Timing for Palmer Amaranth (Amaranthus palmeri) Control in Sweetpotato AU - Meyers, Stephen L. AU - Jennings, Katherine M. AU - Schultheis, Jonathan R. AU - Monks, David W. T2 - WEED TECHNOLOGY AB - Studies were conducted in 2007 and 2008 to determine the effect of flumioxazin and S -metolachlor on Palmer amaranth control and ‘Beauregard’ and ‘Covington’ sweetpotato. Flumioxazin at 0, 91, or 109 g ai ha −1 was applied pretransplant 2 d before transplanting alone or followed by (fb) S -metolachlor at 0, 0.8, 1.1, or 1.3 kg ai ha −1 PRE applied immediately after transplanting or 2 wk after transplanting (WAP). Flumioxazin fb S -metolachlor immediately after transplanting provided greater than 90% season-long Palmer amaranth control. S -metolachlor applied alone immediately after transplanting provided 80 to 93% and 92 to 96% control in 2007 and 2008, respectively. Flumioxazin fb S -metolachlor 2 WAP provided greater than 90% control in 2007 but variable control (38 to 79%) in 2008. S -metolachlor applied alone 2 WAP did not provide acceptable Palmer amaranth control. Control was similar for all rates of S -metolachlor (0.8, 1.1, and 1.3 kg ha −1 ). In 2008, greater Palmer amaranth control was observed with flumioxazin at 109 g ha −1 than with 91 g ha −1 . Sweetpotato crop injury due to treatment was minimal (< 3%), and sweetpotato storage root length to width ratio was similar for all treatments in 2007 (2.5 for Beauregard) and 2008 (2.4 and 1.9 for Beauregard and Covington, respectively). Sweetpotato yield was directly related to Palmer amaranth control. Results indicate that flumioxazin pretransplant fb S -metolachlor after transplanting provides an effective herbicide program for control of Palmer amaranth in sweetpotato. DA - 2010/// PY - 2010/// DO - 10.1614/wt-d-09-00057.1 VL - 24 IS - 4 SP - 495-503 SN - 0890-037X KW - Crop injury KW - herbicide KW - weed control KW - yield loss ER - TY - JOUR TI - Echinacea and its alkylamides: Effects on the influenza A-induced secretion of cytokines, chemokines, and PGE(2) from RAW 264.7 macrophage-like cells AU - Cech, Nadja B. AU - Kandhi, Vamsikrishna AU - Davis, Jeanine M. AU - Hamilton, Amy AU - Eads, Dawn AU - Laster, Scott M. T2 - INTERNATIONAL IMMUNOPHARMACOLOGY AB - The goal of this study was to determine whether extracts and isolated alkylamides from Echinacea purpurea would be useful for prevention of the inflammatory response that accompanies infections with H1N1 influenza A. Seventeen extracts and 4 alkylamides were tested for the ability to inhibit production of cytokines, chemokines, and PGE2 from RAW 264.7 macrophage-like cells infected with the H1N1 influenza A strain PR/8/34. The alkylamides undeca-2Z,4E-diene-8,10-diynic acid isobutylamide, dodeca-2E,4E,8Z,10E/Z-tetraenoic acid isobutylamide, dodeca-2E,4E-dienoic acid isobutylamide, and undeca-2E-ene-8,10-diynoic acid isobutylamide suppressed production of TNF-α and PGE2 from infected cells. Dodeca-2E,4E-dienoic acid isobutylamide was especially effective at inhibiting production of these mediators and also strongly inhibited production of G-CSF, CCL2/MCP-1, CCL3/MIP-1α and CCL5/RANTES. In contrast, the ethanol extracts (75%), which were prepared from dormant roots of E. purpurea grown in different locations throughout North Carolina, displayed a range of effects from suppression to stimulation of mediator production. Precipitation of the extracts with ethanol removed the stimulatory activity, however, even after precipitation; many of the extracts did not display any suppressive activity. Analysis of the extracts revealed slight variations in concentration of alkylamides, caftaric acid, and cichoric acid, but the activity of the extracts did not strongly correlate with concentrations of these compounds. Our in vitro experiments suggest that E. purpurea extracts have the potential for use in alleviating the symptoms and pathology associated with infections with influenza A; however, further study will be necessary to define procedures necessary to unmask the alkylamide activity in crude extracts. DA - 2010/10// PY - 2010/10// DO - 10.1016/j.intimp.2010.07.009 VL - 10 IS - 10 SP - 1268-1278 SN - 1878-1705 KW - Echinacea KW - H1N1 influenza KW - Alkylamide KW - Isobutylamide KW - Plant extracts KW - Anti-inflammatory ER - TY - JOUR TI - Tolerance of Fresh-Market Tomato to Postemergence-Directed Imazosulfuron, Halosulfuron, and Trifloxysulfuron AU - Jennings, Katherine M. T2 - WEED TECHNOLOGY AB - A study was conducted to evaluate the effect of imazosulfuron, halosulfuron, and trifloxysulfuron POST-directed on six fresh-market tomato varieties. Injury 7 d after treatment (DAT) was 3% or less from all treatments, and no injury was observed 28 DAT. Imazosulfuron, halosulfuron, and trifloxysulfuron did not reduce yield relative to the nontreated check. There was no detectable herbicide effect on fruit shape and earliness. Data suggest that imazosulfuron, halosulfuron, and trifloxysulfuron can be applied POST-directed without negatively affecting yield or quality of several fresh-market tomato varieties. DA - 2010/// PY - 2010/// DO - 10.1614/wt-09-056.1 VL - 24 IS - 2 SP - 117-120 SN - 0890-037X KW - Crop injury KW - crop tolerance ER - TY - JOUR TI - The effects of ganoderma alcohols isolated from Ganoderma lucidum on the androgen receptor binding and the growth of LNCaP cells AU - Liu, Jie AU - Shimizu, Kuniyoshi AU - Kondo, Ryuichiro T2 - FITOTERAPIA AB - The effects of ganoderma alcohols isolated from ethanol extracts of Ganoderma lucidum (Fr.) Krast (Ganodermataceae) on the androgen receptor binding and the growth of LNCaP cells have been investigated. Less than two hydroxyl groups in 17β-side chain are needed for binding to androgen receptor. In the case of the ganoderma alcohols with the same number of hydroxyl groups in 17β-side chain, the one which has C-3 carbonyl group showed better binding activity to androgen receptor than that which has C-3 hydroxyl group. The unsaturation in 17β-side chain is needed for the inhibition of the cell proliferation of androgen-induced LNCaP cells growth. DA - 2010/12// PY - 2010/12// DO - 10.1016/j.fitote.2010.06.029 VL - 81 IS - 8 SP - 1067-1072 SN - 1873-6971 KW - Ganoderma lucidum KW - Androgen receptor KW - Prostate cancer KW - Triterpenoids ER - TY - JOUR TI - Stereospecificity of hydroxyl group at C-20 in antiproliferative action of ginsenoside Rh2 on prostate cancer cells AU - Liu, Jie AU - Shimizu, Kuniyoshi AU - Yu, Hongshan AU - Zhang, Chunzhi AU - Jin, Fengxie AU - Kondo, Ryuichiro T2 - FITOTERAPIA AB - Prostate cancer is the fifth most common neoplasm worldwide, and the second most common cancer among men. Ginsenosides, the main component of ginseng, have been known for their medicinal effects such as anti-inflammatory and anti-proliferative activities. In this study, we investigated the inhibitory effects of ginsenosides (ginsenoside 20(R)-Rh2 and ginsenoside 20(S)-Rh2) on prostate cancer cells in vitro. Only ginsenoside 20(S)-Rh2 showed proliferation inhibition on androgen-dependent and -independent prostate cancer cells. These results implied that the stereochemistry of the hydroxyl group at C-20 may play an important role in antitumor activities. DA - 2010/10// PY - 2010/10// DO - 10.1016/j.fitote.2010.05.020 VL - 81 IS - 7 SP - 902-905 SN - 1873-6971 KW - Ginseng KW - Ginsenoside KW - Prostate cancer cell ER - TY - JOUR TI - Response of Diploid Watermelon to Imazosulfuron POST AU - Dittmar, Peter J. AU - Jennings, Katherine M. AU - Monks, David W. T2 - WEED TECHNOLOGY AB - Field trials were conducted to evaluate imazosulfuron applied POST at 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, and 0.4 kg/ha to watermelon at the two- to four-leaf stage or to vines 30.5 cm long. At 7 d after treatment (DAT), crop injury to watermelon increased linearly for both growth stages as rate increased. The least injury to watermelon observed 7 DAT was 19 and 15%, respectively, for the two- to four-leaf and 30.5-cm growth stages treated with 0.01 kg/ha imazosulfuron. The 0.4 kg/ha imazosulfuron treatment caused the greatest watermelon injury (approximately 30%) at both application timings. Yield of watermelon treated with 0.1 and 0.2 kg/ha imazosulfuron applied at the two- to four-leaf and 30.5-cm stages were similar to the nontreated check (all plots were maintained weed-free). For both application timings, yield decreased linearly as imazosulfuron rate increased. The application of imazosulfuron to watermelon at the 30.5-cm stage averaged across rates resulted in less injury at 15 DAT (16%) and greater yield (92,869 kg/ha) than watermelon treated at two- to four-leaf stage averaged across rates (29%, 83,560 kg/ha). Internal fruit quality was not affected by imazosulfuron. DA - 2010/// PY - 2010/// DO - 10.1614/wt-09-033.1 VL - 24 IS - 2 SP - 127-129 SN - 1550-2740 KW - Sulfonylurea herbicide KW - application timing KW - growth stage KW - herbicide rate ER - TY - JOUR TI - Plant Volatiles-based Insect Pest Management in Organic Farming AU - Shrivastava, Gitika AU - Rogers, Mary AU - Wszelaki, Annette AU - Panthee, Dilip R. AU - Chen, Feng T2 - CRITICAL REVIEWS IN PLANT SCIENCES AB - Organic agriculture is increasing in popularity worldwide due to the rapidly growing market for organic products. In organic production, insects present a major pest challenge that negatively impacts crop health and yield. To successfully manage an organic farmland, an effective insect pest management program is key. In this review, we first describe the approaches currently used for pest management in organic farming. Next, we review natural plant defense mechanisms, especially those based on plant volatile organic compounds. Chemically complex, plant volatiles have multiple ecological roles in plant-insect interactions including attracting pollinators, acting as cues for foraging herbivores as well as functioning as direct defense, indirect defense, or interplant priming. Based on the ecological roles of plant volatiles, we then discuss in-depth how pest management may be improved through a variety of strategies including using resistant cultivars, polyculture, using beneficial microorganisms such as mycorrhizal fungi and endophytes, and using plant-derived pesticides, all of which are reviewed in the context of plant volatiles. Lastly, integration of these different strategies based on the trait of plant volatiles for a successful and sustainable pest management program in organic farming is discussed. DA - 2010/// PY - 2010/// DO - 10.1080/07352681003617483 VL - 29 IS - 2 SP - 123-133 SN - 1549-7836 KW - organic farming KW - insect pests KW - plant volatiles KW - plant defenses ER - TY - JOUR TI - Marker-assisted selection for coupling phase resistance to tomato spotted wilt virus and phytophthora infestans (late blight) in tomato AU - Robbins, M. D. AU - Masud, M. A. T. AU - Panthee, D. R. AU - Gardner, R. G. AU - Francis, D. M. AU - Stevens, M. R. T2 - HortScience DA - 2010/// PY - 2010/// VL - 45 IS - 10 SP - 1424-1428 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Influence of Preceding Crop on Wireworm (Coleoptera: Elateridae) Abundance in the Coastal Plain of North Carolina AU - Willis, Rebecca B. AU - Abney, Mark R. AU - Holmes, Gerald J. AU - Schultheis, Jonathan R. AU - Kennedy, George G. T2 - JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY AB - Three studies were conducted to determine the effect of preceding crop on wireworm (Coleoptera: Elateridae) abundance in the coastal plain of North Carolina. In all three studies, samples of wireworm populations were taken from the soil by using oat, Avena sativa L., baits. Treatments were defined by the previous year’s crop and were chosen to reflect common crop rotations in the region. Across all three studies, eight wireworm species were recovered from the baits: Conoderus amplicollis (Gyllenhal), Conoderus bellus (Say), Conoderus falli (Lane), Conoderus lividus (Degeer), Conoderus scissus (Schaeffer), Conoderus vespertinus (F.), Glyphonyx bimarginatus (Schaeffer), and Melanotus communis (Gyllenhal). The effect of corn, Zea mays L.; cotton, Gossypium hirsutum L.; fallow; soybean, Glycine max (L.) Merr.; sweet potato, Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam.; and tobacco (Nicotiana spp.) was evaluated in a small-plot replicated study. M. communis was the most frequently collected species in the small-plot study and was found in significantly higher numbers following soybean and corn. The mean total number of wireworms per bait (all species) was highest following soybean. A second study conducted in late fall and early spring assessed the abundance of overwintering wireworm populations in commercial fields planted to corn, cotton, peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.), soybean, sweet potato, and tobacco in the most recent previous growing season. C. lividus was the most abundant species, and the mean total number of wireworms was highest following corn and soybean. A survey was conducted in commercial sweet potato in late spring and early summer in fields that had been planted to corn, cotton, cucurbit (Cucurbita pepo L.), peanut, soybean, sweet potato, or tobacco in the most recent previous growing season. C. vespertinus was the most abundant species, and the mean total number of wireworms per bait was highest following corn. DA - 2010/12// PY - 2010/12// DO - 10.1603/ec10184 VL - 103 IS - 6 SP - 2087-2093 SN - 1938-291X KW - wireworm KW - crop rotation KW - Conoderus spp. KW - Melanotus communis ER - TY - JOUR TI - Grape tomato breeding lines: NC 1 Grape, NC 2 Grape, and NC 3 Grape AU - Gardner, R. G. AU - Panthee, D. R. T2 - HortScience DA - 2010/// PY - 2010/// VL - 45 IS - 12 SP - 1887-1888 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Current Progress on Statistical Methods for Mapping Quantitative Trait Loci from Inbred Line Crosses AU - Silva, Luciano Da Costa E. AU - Zeng, Zhao-Bang T2 - JOURNAL OF BIOPHARMACEUTICAL STATISTICS AB - Tremendous progress has been made in recent years on developing statistical methods for mapping quantitative trait loci (QTL) from crosses of inbred lines. Most of the recent research is focused on strategies for mapping multiple-QTL and associated model selection procedures and criterion. We review the progress of research in this area on one trait and multiple traits by maximum likelihood and Bayesian methods. DA - 2010/// PY - 2010/// DO - 10.1080/10543400903572845 VL - 20 IS - 2 SP - 454-481 SN - 1520-5711 KW - Inbred lines KW - Quantitative trait loci KW - Statistical methods ER - TY - JOUR TI - 'Mountain Merit': A late blight-resistant large-fruited tomato hybrid AU - Panthee, D. R. AU - Gardner, R. G. T2 - HortScience DA - 2010/// PY - 2010/// VL - 45 IS - 10 SP - 1547-1548 ER - TY - JOUR TI - NC 1 CELBR and NC 2 CELBR: Early blight and late blight-resistant fresh market tomato breeding lines AU - Gardner, R. G. AU - Panthee, D. R. T2 - HortScience DA - 2010/// PY - 2010/// VL - 45 IS - 6 SP - 975-976 ER - TY - JOUR TI - An Interactive Online Database for Potato Varieties Evaluated in the Eastern United States AU - Clough, Mark E. AU - Yencho, George C. AU - Christ, Barbara AU - DeJong, Walter AU - Halseth, Donald AU - Haynes, Kathleen AU - Henninger, Melvin AU - Hutchinson, Chad AU - Kleinhenz, Matt AU - Porter, Greg A. AU - Veilleux, Richard E. T2 - HORTTECHNOLOGY AB - Databases are commonly used to coordinate and summarize research from multiple projects. The potato ( Solanum tuberosum ) research community has invested significant resources in collecting data from multiple states and provinces, and we have developed a web-based database format for the use of researchers, farmers, and consumers. The northeast regional potato variety development project (NE1031) is a U.S. Department of Agriculture, Cooperative State Research, Education, and Extension Service (USDA-CSREES) regional project focused on developing and evaluating the suitability of new varieties and advanced clones from multiple breeding programs for a range of environments. This multistate project and its predecessors have been in existence for more than two decades, and they have resulted in the collection of a significant amount of standardized potato trial data. We have developed an interactive potato variety database that allows researchers and end-users to access and obtain potato variety trial results in one centralized site. The database is populated with the results of potato variety trials conducted in eight states (Florida, Maine, New Jersey, New York, North Carolina, Ohio, Pennsylvania, and Virginia) and two Canadian provinces (Prince Edward Island and Quebec). It currently contains over 35 data features and was developed primarily for scientists interested in potato variety development, growers, and allied industry members. Hypertext mark-up language (HTML) and hypertext preprocessor (PHP) were used to develop the database interface. DA - 2010/2// PY - 2010/2// DO - 10.21273/horttech.20.1.250 VL - 20 IS - 1 SP - 250-256 SN - 1943-7714 KW - Solanum tuberosum KW - variety development KW - education KW - outreach KW - MySQL KW - NE1031 KW - relational ER - TY - JOUR TI - Suitability of Canola Residue for Cellulosic Ethanol Production AU - George, Nicholas AU - Yang, Ying AU - Wang, Ziyu AU - Sharma-Shivappa, Ratna AU - Tungate, Kim T2 - ENERGY & FUELS AB - The acreage of winter canola in the Southeastern United States is presently limited but is expected to increase in the future as demand for biodiesel grows. The residue production of canola is known to be relatively high in comparison to other grain crops. Only the seed of canola is currently harvested and utilized, but if canola is to be grown more widely the crop residue could potentially be used for biofuel production. This proof of concept study investigated the value of canola crop residue as a feedstock for cellulosic ethanol production. The mean dry yield of residue for canola was found to be approximately 9 Mg/ha, which is higher than for other common winter crops produced in the Southeast. Cellulosic ethanol production from the residue was investigated through acid (H2SO4) and alkali (NaOH) pretreatment followed by enzymatic hydrolysis with cellulase and cellobiase and hexose fermentation with Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The ethanol yield from the biomass was relatively low, at around 95 L per dry tonne, suggesting the potential of canola residue for cellulosic ethanol production is poor. However, given the high residue productivity of canola, its use for cellulosic ethanol production clearly needs to be studied further. DA - 2010/8// PY - 2010/8// DO - 10.1021/ef1002155 VL - 24 IS - 8 SP - 4454-4458 SN - 1520-5029 ER - TY - JOUR TI - QTL Identification Using Combined Linkage and Linkage Disequilibrium Mapping for Milk Production Traits on BTA6 in Chinese Holstein Population AU - Hu, F. AU - Liu, J. F. AU - Zeng, Z. B. AU - Ding, X. D. AU - Yin, C. C. AU - Gong, Y. Z. AU - Zhang, Q. T2 - ASIAN-AUSTRALASIAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCES AB - Milk production traits are important economic traits for dairy cattle. The aim of the present study was to refine the position of previously detected quantitative trait loci (QTL) on bovine chromosome 6 affecting milk production traits in Chinese Holstein dairy cattle. A daughter design with 918 daughters from 8 elite sire families and 14 markers spanning the previously identified QTL region were used in the analysis. We employed a combined linkage and linkage disequilibrium analysis (LDLA) approach with two options for calculating the IBD probabilities, one was based on haplotypes of all 14 markers (named Method 1) and the other based on haplotypes with sliding windows of 5 markers (named Method 2). For milk fat yield, the two methods revealed a highly significant QTL located within a 6.5 cM interval (Method 1) and a 4.0 cM interval (Method 2), respectively. For milk protein yield, a highly significant QTL was detected within a 3.0 cM interval (Method 1) or a 2.5 cM interval (Method 2). These results confirmed the findings of our previous study and other studies, and greatly narrowed down the QTL positions. DA - 2010/10// PY - 2010/10// DO - 10.5713/ajas.2010.10011 VL - 23 IS - 10 SP - 1261-1267 SN - 1976-5517 KW - Fine Mapping KW - QTL KW - Bos Taurus autosome 6 KW - Milk Production Traits ER - TY - JOUR TI - Improving Protein and Proteome Coverage through Data-Independent Multiplexed Peptide Fragmentation AU - Blackburn, Kevin AU - Mbeunkui, Flaubert AU - Mitra, Srijeet K. AU - Mentzel, Tobias AU - Goshe, Michael B. T2 - JOURNAL OF PROTEOME RESEARCH AB - Performance differences in protein and proteome characterization achieved by data-independent acquisition (DIA) LC/MS(E) and data-dependent acquisition (DDA) LC/MS/MS approaches were investigated. LC/MS(E) is a novel mode of generating product ion data for all coeluting precursors in parallel as opposed to LC/MS/MS where coeluting precursors must be serially fragmented one at a time. During LC/MS(E) analysis, alternating MS scans of "normal" and "elevated" collision energy are collected at regular intervals, providing nearly a 100% duty cycle for precursor detection and fragmentation because all precursors are fragmented across their full chromatographic elution profile. This is in contrast to DDA-based MS/MS where serial selection of precursor ions is biased toward interrogation and detection of the highest abundance sample components by virtue of the intensity-driven interrogation scheme employed. Both modes of acquisition were applied to a simple four-protein standard mixture with a 16-fold dynamic range in concentration, an in-gel digest of the Arabidopsis thaliana protein FLS2 purified by immunoprecipitation, and a solution-digested tomato leaf proteome sample. Dramatic improvement for individual protein sequence coverage was obtained for all three samples analyzed by the DIA approach, particularly for the lowest abundance sample components. In many instances, precursors readily detected and identified during DIA were either interrogated by MS/MS during DDA at inopportune points in their chromatographic elution profiles resulting in poor quality product ion spectra or not interrogated at all. Detailed evaluation of both DDA and DIA raw data and timing of the MS-to-MS/MS switching events clearly revealed the fundamental limitations of serial MS/MS interrogation and the advantages of parallel fragmentation by DIA for more comprehensive protein identification and characterization which holds promise for enhanced isoform and post-translational modification analysis. DA - 2010/7// PY - 2010/7// DO - 10.1021/pr100144z VL - 9 IS - 7 SP - 3621-3637 SN - 1535-3907 KW - Proteomics KW - mass spectrometry KW - protein characterization KW - data-independent acquisition (DIA) KW - data-dependent acquisition (DDA) KW - protein identification KW - LC/MSE ER - TY - JOUR TI - Identifying Resistance to Powdery Mildew Race 2W in the USDA-ARS Watermelon Germplasm Collection AU - Tetteh, Antonia Y. AU - Wehner, Todd C. AU - Davis, Angela R. T2 - CROP SCIENCE AB - Powdery mildew caused by Podosphaera xanthii has recently become an important disease of watermelon [ Citrullus lanatus (Thunb.) Matsum. & Nakai] in the United States. The disease can be controlled with fungicides, but it would be more economical and environmentally safe to use genetic resistance. Here, we report sources of resistance to powdery mildew race 2W identified in the evaluation of the entire U.S. watermelon Plant Introduction collection made of four Citrullus Schrad. ex. Eckl. & Zeyh. species and Praecitrullus fistulosus (Stocks) Pangalo species. A total of 1654 PI accessions, cultivars, and breeding lines (hereafter collectively referred to as cultigens) were tested in the greenhouse using at least seven replications. From that, 54 cultigens including the 44 most resistant and 10 susceptible checks were retested in greenhouse and field experiments. All cultigens showed symptoms of powdery mildew. Resistance was identified in wild PI accessions. Eight cultigens had high resistance and 21 had intermediate resistance. Leaf and stem disease severity ratings were positively correlated ( r = 0.86, P < 0.0001). Data were summarized from the screening and retest studies, and the most resistant cultigens were PI 632755, PI 386015, PI 189225, PI 346082, PI 525082, PI 432337, PI 386024, and PI 269365. The most susceptible cultigens were PI 222775 and PI 269677. Many of the resistant cultigens originated from Nigeria and Zimbabwe. DA - 2010/// PY - 2010/// DO - 10.2135/cropsci2009.03.0135 VL - 50 IS - 3 SP - 933-939 SN - 1435-0653 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Arabidopsis thaliana Chromosome 4 Replicates in Two Phases That Correlate with Chromatin State AU - Lee, Tae-Jin AU - Pascuzzi, Pete E. AU - Settlage, Sharon B. AU - Shultz, Randall W. AU - Tanurdzic, Milos AU - Rabinowicz, Pablo D. AU - Menges, Margit AU - Zheng, Ping AU - Main, Dorrie AU - Murray, James A. H. AU - Sosinski, Bryon AU - Allen, George C. AU - Martienssen, Robert A. AU - Hanley-Bowdoin, Linda AU - Vaughn, Matthew W. AU - Thompson, William F. T2 - PLOS GENETICS AB - DNA replication programs have been studied extensively in yeast and animal systems, where they have been shown to correlate with gene expression and certain epigenetic modifications. Despite the conservation of core DNA replication proteins, little is known about replication programs in plants. We used flow cytometry and tiling microarrays to profile DNA replication of Arabidopsis thaliana chromosome 4 (chr4) during early, mid, and late S phase. Replication profiles for early and mid S phase were similar and encompassed the majority of the euchromatin. Late S phase exhibited a distinctly different profile that includes the remaining euchromatin and essentially all of the heterochromatin. Termination zones were consistent between experiments, allowing us to define 163 putative replicons on chr4 that clustered into larger domains of predominately early or late replication. Early-replicating sequences, especially the initiation zones of early replicons, displayed a pattern of epigenetic modifications specifying an open chromatin conformation. Late replicons, and the termination zones of early replicons, showed an opposite pattern. Histone H3 acetylated on lysine 56 (H3K56ac) was enriched in early replicons, as well as the initiation zones of both early and late replicons. H3K56ac was also associated with expressed genes, but this effect was local whereas replication time correlated with H3K56ac over broad regions. The similarity of the replication profiles for early and mid S phase cells indicates that replication origin activation in euchromatin is stochastic. Replicon organization in Arabidopsis is strongly influenced by epigenetic modifications to histones and DNA. The domain organization of Arabidopsis is more similar to that in Drosophila than that in mammals, which may reflect genome size and complexity. The distinct patterns of association of H3K56ac with gene expression and early replication provide evidence that H3K56ac may be associated with initiation zones and replication origins. DA - 2010/6// PY - 2010/6// DO - 10.1371/journal.pgen.1000982 VL - 6 IS - 6 SP - SN - 1553-7404 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Use of Commercially Available Pollenizers for Optimizing Triploid Watermelon Production AU - Dittmar, Peter J. AU - Monks, David W. AU - Schultheis, Jonathan R. T2 - HORTSCIENCE AB - An experiment was conducted during 2005 and 2006 in Kinston, NC, with the objective of maximizing triploid watermelon [ Citrullus lanatus (Thunb.) Matsum. and Nak.] fruit yield and quality by optimizing the choice and use of pollenizers. Treatments were pollenizer cultivars planted singly [‘Companion’, ‘Super Pollenizer 1’ (‘SP1’), ‘Summer Flavor 800’ (‘SF800’), and ‘Mickylee’] or in pairs (‘Companion’ + ‘SP1’, ‘Companion’ + ‘SF800’, and ‘SP1’ + ‘SF800’). All pollenizers from these seven treatments were interplanted with the triploid cultivar Tri-X-313. Planting arrangement was compared by establishing ‘SF800’ in a hill versus an interplanted field arrangement. Effect of pollenizer establishment timing on triploid fruit yields and quality was evaluated by establishing ‘SP1’ 3 weeks after planting and comparing it with the establishment of ‘SP1’ at the time of triploid plant establishment. Finally, a triploid planting with no pollenizer (control) was included to determine pollen movement. Fruit yield from the control was 22% or less of yield of the other treatments containing a pollenizer and less than 10% in the initial or early harvests. Pollen movement was minimal among plots and differences in yield and fruit quality could be attributed to pollenizer treatment. In 2005, the use of ‘Companion’, ‘SP1’, or ‘Mickylee’ as pollenizers produced similar total yields, whereas ‘SF800’ produced the lowest yield. In 2005, ‘Companion’ produced more large fruit than the other individual pollenizer treatments. Combining the pollenizers generally did not enhance triploid yields or quality. Interplanting of pollenizers consistently resulted in greater yield compared with the hill system. Late planting of ‘SP1’ increased the incidence of hollow heart in the marketable fruit and decreased yield compared with simultaneously planting ‘SP1’ and triploid plants. Thus, selection of pollenizer, planting arrangement, and time of pollenizer establishment are all important considerations to optimizing triploid yield and quality. DA - 2010/4// PY - 2010/4// DO - 10.21273/hortsci.45.4.541 VL - 45 IS - 4 SP - 541-545 SN - 0018-5345 KW - Citrullus lanatus KW - pollination KW - seedless KW - diploid KW - interplant KW - timing KW - honey bee KW - plant establishment KW - spacing ER - TY - JOUR TI - Interference of Palmer Amaranth (Amaranthus palmeri) in Sweetpotato AU - Meyers, Stephen L. AU - Jennings, Katherine M. AU - Schultheis, Jonathan R. AU - Monks, David W. T2 - WEED SCIENCE AB - Field studies were conducted in 2007 and 2008 at Clinton and Faison, NC, to evaluate the influence of Palmer amaranth density on ‘Beauregard’ and ‘Covington’ sweetpotato yield and quality and to quantify the influence of Palmer amaranth on light interception. Palmer amaranth was established at 0, 0.5, 1.1, 1.6, 3.3, and 6.5 plants m −1 within the sweetpotato row and densities were maintained season-long. Jumbo, number (no.) 1, and marketable sweetpotato yield losses were fit to a rectangular hyperbola model, and predicted yield loss ranged from 56 to 94%, 30 to 85%, and 36 to 81%, respectively for Palmer amaranth densities of 0.5 to 6.5 plants m −1 . Percentage of jumbo, no. 1, and marketable sweetpotato yield loss displayed a positive linear relationship with Palmer amaranth light interception as early as 6 to 7 wk after planting ( R 2 = 0.99, 0.86, and 0.93, respectively). Predicted Palmer amaranth light interception 6 to 7, 10, and 13 to 14 wk after planting ranged from 47 to 68%, 46 to 82%, and 42 to 71%, respectively for Palmer amaranth densities of 0.5 to 6.5 plants m −1 . Palmer amaranth height increased from 177 to 197 cm at densities of 0.5 to 4.1 plants m −1 and decreased from 197 to 188 cm at densities of 4.1 to 6.5 plants m −1 ; plant width (69 to 145 cm) and shoot dry biomass plant −1 (0.2 to 1.1 kg) decreased linearly as density increased. DA - 2010/// PY - 2010/// DO - 10.1614/ws-d-09-00048.1 VL - 58 IS - 3 SP - 199-203 SN - 0043-1745 KW - Competition KW - light interception KW - rectangular hyperbola model KW - shoot dry biomass KW - weed density ER - TY - JOUR TI - Grafting Fraser fir (Abies fraseri): Effect of grafting date, shade, and irrigation AU - Hibbert-Frey, H. AU - Frampton, J. AU - Blazich, F. A. AU - Hinesley, L. E. T2 - HortScience DA - 2010/// PY - 2010/// VL - 45 IS - 4 SP - 617-620 ER - TY - JOUR TI - A Nursery and Greenhouse Online Knowledge Center: Learning Opportunities for Sustainable Practice AU - Lea-Cox, John D. AU - Zhao, Cindy AU - Ross, David S. AU - Bilderback, Theodore E. AU - Harris, J. Roger AU - Day, Susan D. AU - Hong, Chuanxue AU - Yeager, Thomas H. AU - Beeson, Richard C., Jr. AU - Bauerle, William L. AU - Ristvey, Andrew G. AU - Lorscheider, Mary AU - Dickinson, Sarah AU - Ruter, John M. T2 - HORTTECHNOLOGY AB - Increasing environmental concerns and legislation in many states and in other countries require that we take a more comprehensive sustainable “best management” approach to production techniques in nursery and greenhouse operations. This is particularly important because these production facilities are typically intense users of resources that are applied to relatively small land areas. We have developed an online knowledge center to facilitate the implementation of more sustainable practices within the nursery and greenhouse industry. A web-based knowledge center provides the most cost-effective mechanism for information delivery, as our potential audiences are extremely diverse and widespread. We currently have a registered user database of over 450 educators, growers, and industry professionals, and undergraduate and graduate students. A gateway website provides an overview of the issues and the goals of the project. The associated knowledge center currently has 25 in-depth learning modules, designed in a Moodle learning management framework. These learning modules are designed to actively engage learners in topics on substrate, irrigation, surface water, and nutrient and crop health management, which are integral to formulating farm-specific strategies for more sustainable water and nutrient management practices. Additional modules provide assessment and implementation tools for irrigation audits, irrigation methods and technologies, and water and nutrient management planning. The instructional design of the learning modules was paramount because there can be multiple strategies to improve site-specific production practices, which often require an integration of knowledge from engineering, plant science, and plant pathology disciplines. The assessment and review of current practices, and the decision to change a practice, are often not linear, nor simple. All modules were designed with this process in mind, and include numerous resources [pictures, diagrams, case studies, and assessment tools (e.g., spreadsheets and example calculations)] to enable the learner to fully understand all of the options available and to think critically about his/her decisions. Sixteen of the modules were used to teach an intensive 400-level “Principles of Water and Nutrient Management” course at the University of Maryland during Spring 2008 and 2009. The water and nutrient management planning module also supports the nursery and greenhouse Farmer Training Certification program in Maryland. The Maryland Department of Agriculture provides continuing education credits for all consultants and growers who register and complete any module in the knowledge center. Although these learning resources were developed by faculty in the eastern region of the United States, much of the information is applicable to more widespread audiences. DA - 2010/6// PY - 2010/6// DO - 10.21273/horttech.20.3.509 VL - 20 IS - 3 SP - 509-517 SN - 1063-0198 KW - irrigation KW - fertilization KW - surface water management KW - pathogens KW - Moodle KW - distance-learning modules ER - TY - JOUR TI - Developing a two-step fishery-independent design to estimate the relative abundance of deepwater reef fish: Application to a marine protected area off the southeastern United States coast AU - Rudershausen, P. J. AU - Mitchell, W. A. AU - Buckel, J. A. AU - Williams, E. H. AU - Hazen, E. T2 - FISHERIES RESEARCH AB - Reliable data on reef fishes inhabiting the southeastern United States (North Carolina to Florida) continental shelf large marine ecosystem are difficult to obtain; catch quotas and time and area closures limit the collection of fishery-dependent samples. Further, unbiased fishery-independent samples are expensive to collect with conventional fishing gear. Consequently, stock assessments are often data-limited, especially for deepwater reef species. We estimated the relative abundance of deepwater reef fish with a double sampling approach using fisheries acoustics and conventional fishing gear (hook and line and chevron traps). Double sampling occurred within the newly-created Snowy Wreck Marine Protected Area and a nearby control site. Reef fish concentrations were identified by a single-beam Simrad ES60 transceiver with a transducer operating at 38 kHz. Hook and line samples were collected at 73 acoustic events, and chevron trap samples were collected at 20 acoustic events. The relationship between fisheries acoustic data and catch-per-unit-effort (CPUE) data was examined to develop a model to predict species-generic CPUE at unfished locations. Akaike's Information Criteria (AIC) found equal support for linear, exponential, and power relationships between acoustic backscatter and CPUE for each conventional fishing gear. Further model development would be aided by refining acoustic target information and applying complimentary fish sampling gears (i.e., split-beam fisheries acoustics gear, underwater video). Given further development, a double sampling design should be useful to estimate the relative abundance of important deepwater reef species over a wide area of the shelf break off the southeastern United States, utilizing either survey vessels or vessels-of-opportunity to rapidly collect acoustic samples. DA - 2010/// PY - 2010/// DO - 10.1016/j.fishres.2010.05.005 VL - 105 IS - 3 SP - 254-260 SN - 0165-7836 KW - Fisheries acoustics KW - Marine protected area KW - Fishery-independent design KW - Reef fish southeastern United States LME ER - TY - JOUR TI - An Economic Analysis of Two Grafted Tomato Transplant Production Systems in the United States AU - Rivard, Cary L. AU - Sydorovych, Olha AU - O'Connell, Suzanne AU - Peet, Mary M. AU - Louws, Frank J. T2 - HORTTECHNOLOGY AB - The grafting of herbaceous vegetables is an emerging development in the United States. This report provides an estimate of the variable costs of grafting within U.S. tomato ( Solanum lycopersicum ) transplant production systems. Grafted and nongrafted plants were propagated at two commercial farming operations in Ivanhoe, NC (NC) and Strasburg, PA (PA) and the farm in NC produced certified organic transplants. Detailed economic production sequences were generated for each site, and grafted and nongrafted transplant production costs were $0.59 and $0.13 in NC, and $1.25 and $0.51 in PA, respectively. Direct costs associated with grafting (e.g., grafting labor, clips, chamber, etc.) accounted for 37% to 38% of the added cost of grafting, and grafting labor was 11.1% to 14.4% of the cost of grafted transplant production. Seed costs represented 52% and 33% of the added cost of grafting at the two sites, and indirect costs (e.g., soil, trays, and heating) accounted for 10% and 30% of the added cost of grafting. Our findings suggest that under current seed prices and with similar production practices, the feasibility of grafting in the United States is not disproportionately affected by domestic labor costs. Additionally, the economic models presented in this report identify the cost of production at various transplant stages, and provide a valuable tool for growers interested in grafted tomato transplant production and utilization. DA - 2010/8// PY - 2010/8// DO - 10.21273/horttech.20.4.794 VL - 20 IS - 4 SP - 794-803 SN - 1943-7714 KW - soilborne diseases KW - organic KW - IPM KW - propagation KW - grafting KW - rootstock KW - Solanum lycopersicum ER - TY - JOUR TI - Use of External Indicators to Predict Maturity of Mini-watermelon Fruit AU - Vinson, Edgar L., III AU - Woods, Floyd M. AU - Kemble, Joseph M. AU - Perkins-Veazie, Penelope AU - Davis, Angela AU - Kessler, J. Raymond T2 - HORTSCIENCE AB - Mini-watermelon [ Citrullus lanatus (Thunb.)] cultivars Valdoria and Vanessa were evaluated at 20, 30, 40, or 50 days after anthesis to determine maturity at harvest. Fruit circumference, weight, ground spot color, and number of senescent tendrils were measured as external indicators for each watermelon. Soluble solids content (SS), pH, and SS:total acid ratio (SS:TA) of each watermelon were determined to provide an indication of internal maturity. Regression and Akaike Information Criterion fit statistics analyses were performed to determine significant relationships and best predictors for external indicators of internal maturity factors. In this study, external predictors were most closely linked to fruit pH rather than to SS or SS/TA. Of the external indicators tested, fruit weight, circumference, number of senescent tendrils, and International Commission on Illumination (CIE) b* color coordinate values of the ground spot were best related to fruit pH. According to the regression models, two completely senesced tendrils, a circumference of 53 cm, weight of 3 kg, and CIE b* coordinate ground spot value of 40 are each sufficient to predict maturity when pH is used as the internal indicator of maturity under the conditions of this experiment. DA - 2010/7// PY - 2010/7// DO - 10.21273/hortsci.45.7.1034 VL - 45 IS - 7 SP - 1034-1037 SN - 2327-9834 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Sulfentrazone Carryover to Vegetables and Cotton AU - Pekarek, Ryan A. AU - Garvey, Paul V. AU - Monks, David W. AU - Jennings, Katherine M. AU - Macrae, Andrew W. T2 - Weed Technology AB - Sulfentrazone is commonly used for weed control in soybeans and tobacco, and vegetable crops and cotton are often rotated with soybeans and tobacco. Studies were conducted to evaluate the potential for sulfentrazone to carryover and injure several vegetable crops and cotton. Sulfentrazone was applied PRE to soybean at 0, 210, 420, and 840 g ai/ha before planting bell pepper, cabbage, cotton, cucumber, onion, snap bean, squash, sweet potato, tomato, and watermelon. Cotton, known to be susceptible to sulfentrazone carryover, was included as an indicator species. Cotton injury ranged from 14 to 18% with a 32% loss of yield in 1 of 2 yr when the labeled use rate of sulfentrazone (210 g/ha) was applied to the preceding crop. High use rates of sulfentrazone caused at least 50% injury with yield loss ranging from 36 to 100%. Bell pepper, snap bean, onion, tomato, and watermelon were injured < 18% by sulfentrazone at 840 g/ha. Squash was injured < 3% and < 36% by sulfentrazone at 210 and 840 g/ha, respectively. Yield of these crops was not affected regardless of sulfentrazone rate. Cabbage and cucumber were injured < 13% by sulfentrazone at 210 and 420 g/ha, and yields were not affected. Sulfentrazone at 840 g/ha injured cabbage up to 46% and reduced yield in 1 of 2 yr. Sulfentrazone injured cucumber up to 63% and reduced yield of No. 2 grade fruits. Sulfentrazone at 210 and 420 g/ha injured sweet potato < 6% and did not affect yield. Sulfentrazone at 840 g/ha injured sweet potato 14% and reduced total yield 26%. Our results suggest little to no adverse effect on bell pepper, cabbage, cucumber, onion, snap bean, squash, sweet potato, tomato, or watermelon from sulfentrazone applied at registered use rates during the preceding year. DA - 2010/3// PY - 2010/3// DO - 10.1614/wt-08-157.1 VL - 24 IS - 1 SP - 20-24 J2 - Weed technol. LA - en OP - SN - 0890-037X 1550-2740 UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1614/wt-08-157.1 DB - Crossref KW - Bell pepper KW - cabbage KW - cotton KW - cucumber KW - herbicide KW - persistence KW - onion KW - rotation KW - rotational crop KW - snap bean KW - soybean KW - squash KW - soil residues KW - sweet potato KW - tobacco KW - tomato KW - watermelon ER - TY - JOUR TI - SNP discovery and genetic mapping of T-DNA insertional mutants in Fragaria vesca L. AU - Ruiz-Rojas, J. J. AU - Sargent, D. J. AU - Shulaev, V. AU - Dickerman, A. W. AU - Pattison, J. AU - Holt, S. H. AU - Ciordia, A. AU - Veilleux, R. E. T2 - Theoretical and Applied Genetics DA - 2010/// PY - 2010/// VL - 121 IS - 3 SP - 449-463 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Ploidy levels and genome sizes of Berberis L and Mahonia Nutt. species, hybrids, and cultivars AU - Rounsaville, T.J. AU - Ranney, T.G. T2 - Hortscience AB - An extensive survey of genome sizes and ploidy levels was conducted for a diverse collection of Berberis and Mahonia taxa (Berberidaceae). Propidium iodide flow cytometric analysis was conducted using Pisum sativum L. ‘Ctirad’ (2C DNA = 8.76 pg) as an internal standard to determine genome sizes. Mean 1C X genome sizes varied between the two Mahonia subgenera ( Occidentales = 1.17 ± 0.02, Orientales = 1.27 ± 0.01), whereas those of Berberis subgenera were similar ( Australes = 1.45 ± 0.03, Septentrionales = 1.47 ± 0.02) and each significantly larger than those of Mahonia . Traditional cytology was performed on representative species to calibrate genome sizes with ploidy levels. Polyploidy among both wild and cultivated taxa was found to be rare. Although the majority of species were determined to be diploid with 2 n = 2 x = 28, artificially induced autopolyploid Berberis thunbergii seedlings were confirmed to be tetraploid and an accession of Mahonia nervosa was confirmed to be hexaploid. Genome size and ploidy level reports for the majority of taxa sampled are presented for the first time and are intended to be of use to plant breeders, ecologists, and systematists. DA - 2010/// PY - 2010/// DO - 10.21273/hortsci.45.7.1029 VL - 45 IS - 7 SP - 1029-1033 SN - 2327-9834 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Methods of Constructing a Pine Tree Substrate from Various Wood Particle Sizes, Organic Amendments, and Sand for Desired Physical Properties and Plant Growth AU - Jackson, Brian E. AU - Wright, Robert D. AU - Barnes, Michael C. T2 - HORTSCIENCE AB - The use of freshly harvested and processed pine trees as a container substrate for greenhouse and nursery crop production is a relatively new concept, and fundamental knowledge of the construction of a pine tree substrate (PTS) for optimal physical properties is insufficient. Therefore, this research was conducted to determine the influence of mixing PTSs produced with different wood particle sizes and adding other amendments to PTS on substrate physical properties and plant growth compared with traditional substrates. Coarse pine wood chips produced from 15-year-old loblolly pine trees ( Pinus taeda L.) were ground in a hammermill fitted with either a 4.76-mm screen or with no screen (PTS-NS) allowing a fine and a coarse particle PTS to be produced. Increasing proportions of the finer (4.76-mm) PTS to the coarser PTS (PTS-NS) resulted in increased container capacity (CC) and shoot growth of ‘Inca Gold’ marigold ( Tagetes erecta L.). In another study, PTSs were manufactured in a hammermill fitted with different screen sizes: 4.76, 6.35, 9.54, or 15.8 mm as well as PTS-NS. After being hammermilled, each of the five PTSs was then amended (by mixing) with 10% sand (PTS-S), 25% peatmoss (PTS-PM), or left unamended. Pine tree substrates were also produced by adding 25% aged pine bark (PB) to pine wood chips before being ground in a hammermill with each of the five screen sizes mentioned (PTS-HPB). These five substrates were used unamended as well as amended with 10% sand after grinding (PTS-HPBS). Control treatments included peat-lite (PL) and 100% aged PB for a total of 27 substrates evaluated in this study. Container capacity and marigold growth increased as screen size decreased and with the additions of peatmoss (PTS-PM) or hammering with PB (PTS-HPB) to PTS. Container capacity for all substrates amended with peatmoss or PB was within the recommended range of 45% to 65% for container substrates, but only with the more finely ground PTS-4.76-mm resulted in marigold growth comparable to PL and PB. However, when the PTS-NS was amended by mixing in 25% peat or hammering with 25% PB, growth of marigold was equal to plants grown in PL or PB. In a third study, hammering PTS-NS with 25% PB followed by the addition of 10% sand increased dry weight of both azalea ( Rhododendron × hybrida ‘Girard Pleasant White’) and spirea ( Spiraea nipponica Maxim. ‘Snowmound’) resulting in growth equal to plants grown in 100% PB. This work shows that amending coarsely ground PTS with finer particle PTS or with other materials (peatmoss, aged PB, or sand) can result in a substrate with comparable physical properties such as CC and plant growth compared with 100% PL or PB. DA - 2010/1// PY - 2010/1// DO - 10.21273/hortsci.45.1.103 VL - 45 IS - 1 SP - 103-112 SN - 2327-9834 KW - air space KW - container capacity KW - container substrate KW - loblolly pine KW - pine bark KW - pine chips KW - wood substrate ER - TY - JOUR TI - Magneto-optical properties and charge-spin coupling in the molecular (2,3-dmpyH)(2)CuBr4 spin-ladder material AU - White, J. L. AU - Lee, C. AU - Gunaydin-Sen, O. AU - Tung, L. C. AU - Christen, H. M. AU - Wang, Y. J. AU - Turnbull, M. M. AU - Landee, C. P. AU - McDonald, R. D. AU - Crooker, S. A. AU - Singleton, J. AU - Whangbo, M. -H. AU - Musfeldt, J. L. T2 - PHYSICAL REVIEW B AB - We investigated the magnetic and optical properties of ${(2,3\text{-dmpyH})}_{2}{\text{CuBr}}_{4}$, an unusual antiferromagnetic quantum spin ladder with strong rail interactions that can be saturated in a 30 T field. This transition drives a field-induced color change, a dramatic example of charge-spin coupling in a molecular material. Spin-density calculations reveal that electronic structure is sensitive to the magnetic state because magnetic orbital character depends on the spin arrangement between adjacent ${\text{CuBr}}_{4}^{2\ensuremath{-}}$ chromophores. This finding suggests that molecular architecture and the magnetic arrangement between molecular units might be used to control magnetochromism. DA - 2010/2// PY - 2010/2// DO - 10.1103/physrevb.81.052407 VL - 81 IS - 5 SP - SN - 1098-0121 ER - TY - JOUR TI - In vitro shoot regeneration and polyploid induction of rhododendron 'Fragrantissimum Improved' AU - Hebert, C. J. AU - Touchell, D. H. AU - Ranney, T. G. AU - LeBude, A. V. T2 - HortScience DA - 2010/// PY - 2010/// VL - 45 IS - 5 SP - 801-804 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Grafting Tomato with Interspecific Rootstock to Manage Diseases Caused by Sclerotium rolfsii and Southern Root-Knot Nematode AU - Rivard, C. L. AU - S. O'Connell, AU - Peet, M. M. AU - Louws, F. J. T2 - PLANT DISEASE AB - Southern blight (Sclerotium rolfsii) and root-knot nematodes (Meloidogyne spp.) cause severe damage to fresh-market tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) throughout the southeastern United States. Grafting is an emerging technology in U.S. tomato production, and growers require information regarding the resistance characteristics conferred by rootstocks. In this study, southern blight (SB) and root-knot nematodes (RKN) were effectively managed using interspecific hybrid rootstocks. During 2007 and 2008, field trials were carried out at two locations that had soils naturally infested with S. rolfsii. At the end of the growing seasons, the mean SB incidence of nongrafted plants was 27 and 79% at the two sites. SB incidence among plants grafted onto rootstock cultivars Big Power (one location only), Beaufort, and Maxifort ranged from 0 to 5%, and area under the disease progress curve (AUDPC) values were lower than for nongrafted and self-grafted controls (P < 0.01). At one location, soils were naturally infested with RKN, and all three rootstocks reduced RKN AUDPC and RKN soil populations at first harvest (P < 0.01). Big Power was particularly effective at reducing RKN galling and RKN soil populations at final fruit harvest (P < 0.01). Fruit yield was higher when resistant rootstocks were utilized (P < 0.05), and in our study grafting was effective at maintaining crop productivity in soils infested with S. rolfsii and M. incognita. DA - 2010/8// PY - 2010/8// DO - 10.1094/pdis-94-8-1015 VL - 94 IS - 8 SP - 1015-1021 SN - 1943-7692 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Genetic Mapping of the Scab Resistance Gene in Cucumber AU - Zhang, S. P. AU - Miao, H. AU - Gu, X. F. AU - Yang, Y. H. AU - Xie, B. Y. AU - Wang, X. W. AU - Huang, S. W. AU - Du, Y. C. AU - Sun, R. F. AU - Wehner, Todd AU - al. T2 - JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE AB - Scab, caused by Cladosporium cucumerinum Ell. et Arthur, is a prevalent disease of cucumber ( Cucumis sativus L.) worldwide. Scab can cause serious losses for cucumber production, especially in protected culture such as high tunnel production. Resistance to cucumber scab is dominant and is controlled by a single gene, Ccu . Breeding for resistant cultivars is the most efficient way to control the disease. Selection for resistance might be made easier if the gene were mapped to linked markers. Thus far, there are no tightly linked (genetic distance less than 1 cM) simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers for the Ccu gene, and no studies on mapping of the Ccu gene in cucumber using SSR markers. The objective of this study was to identify SSR markers for use in molecular breeding of scab resistance. In this study, we used a population of recombinant inbred lines (RILs). The population included 148 individuals derived from the cucumber inbred line 9110 Gt ( Ccu Ccu ) crossed with line 9930 ( ccu ccu ). The Ccu gene was mapped to linkage group 2, corresponding to chromosome 2 of cucumber. The flanking markers SSR03084 and SSR17631 were linked to the Ccu gene with distances of 0.7 and 1.6 cM, respectively. The veracity of SSR03084 and SSR17631 was tested using 59 diverse inbred lines and hybrids, and the accuracy rate for the two markers was 98.3%. In conclusion, two SSRs closely linked to scab resistance gene Ccu have been identified and can be used in a cucumber breeding program. DA - 2010/1// PY - 2010/1// DO - 10.21273/jashs.135.1.53 VL - 135 IS - 1 SP - 53-58 SN - 2327-9788 KW - Cucumis sativus KW - Ccu KW - SSR KW - marker-assisted selection KW - MAS ER - TY - JOUR TI - GERANIUM LEAF TISSUE NUTRIENT SUFFICIENCY RANGES BY CHRONOLOGICAL AGE AU - Krug, Brian A. AU - Whipker, Brian E. AU - McCall, Ingram AU - Cleveland, Brenda T2 - JOURNAL OF PLANT NUTRITION AB - Two cultivars of geranium (Pelargonium × hortorum) were grown under five different fertilizer regimes, 50, 100, 200, 300, or 400 mg·L−1 nitrogen (N). The two cultivars were chosen to represent a dark-colored leaf cultivar, ‘Tango Dark Red’ and a light-colored leaf cultivar, ‘Rocky Mountain Dark Red’. Tissue samples were collected and analyzed for the content of 11 elemental nutrients every two weeks for a period of 12 weeks. The dark-colored leaf cultivar contained higher nutrient concentrations, with the exception of magnesium, sulfur, iron, and copper, than the light-colored leaf cultivar. Compared to concentrations previously published for geraniums, concentration ranges observed in this study were narrower. In addition, this study accounted for differences in concentrations over the entire crop cycle and reflects levels associated with current fertilization practices. DA - 2010/// PY - 2010/// DO - 10.1080/01904160903470398 VL - 33 IS - 3 SP - 339-350 SN - 0190-4167 KW - nutrition KW - Pelargonium x hortorum ER - TY - JOUR TI - Evaluating fertility of triploid clones of Hypericum androsaemum L. for use as non-invasive landscape plants AU - Trueblood, C. E. AU - Ranney, T. G. AU - Lynch, N. P. AU - Neal, J. C. AU - Olsen, R. T. T2 - HortScience AB - Although Hypericum androsaemum L. is a valuable landscape plant, the species can be weedy and potentially invasive in certain locations. Infertile, non-invasive cultivars of H. androsaemum with desirable ornamental features would be ecologically beneficial and valuable for the horticultural industry. The male and female fertility of 10 triploid H. androsaemum , developed with a combination of variegation and foliage colors, was investigated under greenhouse (controlled pollination) and field conditions (natural pollination). Male fertility was evaluated based on pollen viability tests (pollen staining and pollen germination). Female fertility was based on fruit set, seed set, germinative capacity of seeds, and number of seedlings produced for each flower. Although values for different measures of fertility varied among triploid clones, pollen germination was significantly reduced for all triploids and nine of the 10 triploids produced no viable seed. These results represent 100% failure of ≈171,000 potential fertilization events based on fertility levels of diploid controls. The remaining triploid clone produced two seedlings per flower compared with 260 seedlings per flower for the controls. However, the seedlings produced by the triploid clone died shortly after germination. This research documented that the triploid H. androsaemum tested are highly infertile with no measurable female fertility. These clones will provide ideal alternatives to fertile forms of H. androsaemum where invasiveness is a concern. These methods also provide a useful protocol for evaluating fertility of other taxa that are selected or developed as non-invasive cultivars of potentially weedy species. DA - 2010/// PY - 2010/// DO - 10.21273/HORTSCI.45.7.1026 VL - 45 IS - 7 SP - 1026–1028 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Evaluating cover crop mulches for no-till organic production of onions AU - Vollmer, E. R. AU - Creamer, N. AU - Reberg-Horton, C. AU - Hoyt, G. T2 - HortScience DA - 2010/// PY - 2010/// VL - 45 IS - 1 SP - 61-70 ER - TY - JOUR TI - EFFICACY OF SOYBEAN-BASE LIQUID FERTILIZER FOR GREENHOUSE CROPS AU - Nelson, Paul V. AU - Pitchay, Dharmalingam S. AU - Niedziela, Carl E., Jr. AU - Mingis, Nancy C. T2 - JOURNAL OF PLANT NUTRITION AB - A soybean-base liquid fertilizer [Daniels Plant Food, Sherman TX, USA; 10 nitrogen (N):1.8 phophorus (P):2.5 potassium (K)] for petunia was compared for efficacy to two formulations of 20N:4.4P:16.6K with 40 and 70% of the nitrogen in the reduced form. Petunias treated with the soybean-base fertilizer were taller, flowered in 4.5% less time, had the highest plant rating for foliar color and plant form, and did not differ in plant dry weight from the control (40% reduced nitrogen). Foliar nitrogen concentration was not affected by fertilizer source. Also, cyclamen grown with the soybean-base fertilizer had similar plant and corm growth and formed 47% more flowers than the control. Foliar levels of potassium although lower were adequate in the soybean-base fertilized plants. Ammonium toxicity and potassium deficiency symptoms did not occur with either species. While the substrate pH in the high reduced nitrogen soybean-base treatment was expected to be lower, it was higher or similar to the control in each species. DA - 2010/// PY - 2010/// DO - 10.1080/01904160903470406 VL - 33 IS - 3 SP - 351-361 SN - 1532-4087 KW - petunia KW - cyclamen KW - floriculture KW - ammonium toxicity KW - substrate pH KW - electrical conductivity ER - TY - JOUR TI - Cover Preference of the Carolina Madtom (Noturus furiosus), an Imperiled, Endemic Southeastern Stream Fish AU - Midway, S. R. AU - Aday, D. D. AU - Kwak, T. J. AU - Gross, K. T2 - JOURNAL OF FRESHWATER ECOLOGY AB - ABSTRACT In a laboratory setting, we investigated cover preference of the Carolina madtom (Noturus furiosus), an imperiled, endemic southeastern USA stream fish. Fish were tested individually and given 24 hours to make a selection from four cover options, including rock, leaf pack, mussel shell, and an artificial cover unit. Among 30 trials, Carolina madtom preferred the artificial cover unit, selecting it 63% of the time. Rock was selected 23% of the time, and leaf pack 13%. Mussel shells were not selected during any trial. DA - 2010/3// PY - 2010/3// DO - 10.1080/02705060.2010.9664368 VL - 25 IS - 1 SP - 151-154 SN - 2156-6941 ER - TY - JOUR TI - 'Ruby Falls' and 'Merlot' Redbuds AU - Werner, Dennis J. AU - Snelling, Layne K. T2 - HORTSCIENCE AB - Eastern redbud (Cercis canadensis L.) and Texas redbud [Cercis canadensis var. texensis (S. Watson) M. Hopkins] (Fabaceae Lindl. or Leguminosae Adans.) are popular landscape trees. Their moderate size, early spring flowering, and wide adaptability make them appropriate for many landscape uses. Numerous cultivars in a range of flower colors, leaf colors, and architectural forms are available. The most popular weeping cultivars currently available, ‘Traveller’ (C. canadensis var. texensis) and ‘Covey’ (C. canadensis), have green leaf color. ‘Ruby Falls’ has been released to provide a cultivar with the unique combination of weeping growth habit and purple leaf color. ‘Merlot’ has been released to provide a cultivar with purple leaves and improved plant habit and heat tolerance compared with ‘Forest Pansy’ (C. canadensis), the existing purple-leafed cultivar. DA - 2010/1// PY - 2010/1// DO - 10.21273/hortsci.45.1.146 VL - 45 IS - 1 SP - 146-147 SN - 0018-5345 KW - Leguminosae KW - Fabaceae KW - Cercis KW - plant architecture KW - ornamentals KW - landscape plants ER - TY - JOUR TI - 'Plum Regal' fresh-market plum tomato hybrid and Its parents, NC 25P and NC 30P AU - Gardner, R. G. AU - Panthee, D. R. T2 - HortScience DA - 2010/// PY - 2010/// VL - 45 IS - 5 SP - 824-825 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Data-independent liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry (LC/MSE) detection and quantification of the secreted Apium graveolens pathogen defense protein mannitol dehydrogenase AU - Blackburn, K. AU - Cheng, F. Y. AU - Williamson, J. D. AU - Goshe, M. B. T2 - Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry AB - Plant cells secrete a wide variety of defense-related proteins into the extracellular space or apoplast in response to pathogen attack. One of these, mannitol dehydrogenase (MTD), is normally a cytoplasmic enzyme whose primary role is the regulation of intracellular levels of the sugar alcohol mannitol in plants. Recent immunological and biochemical evidence, however, suggests that MTD is also secreted into the apoplast in response to pathogen attack, despite lacking a known peptide signal sequence for Golgi-mediated secretion. Because many plant pathogenic fungi secrete mannitol to overcome pathogen-induced generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) by the plant, extracellular localization of MTD is hypothesized to have a defensive role of catabolizing pathogen-secreted mannitol. In the current study, LC/MS(E) was used to analyze proteins in the secretome of Apium graveolens (celery) following treatment with salicylic acid (SA), an endogenous elicitor of defense responses in plants. Levels of MTD in the secretome of SA-treated celery cell cultures were found to be induced at least 18-fold over secretome samples from cell cultures not exposed to SA. This value is in close agreement with published immunological and biochemical observations. Overall, this report provides the first mass spectrometry identification and quantification measurements supporting the hypothesis that MTD is secreted in response to simulated pathogen attack via a non-classical secretion mechanism. As demonstrated with MTD secretion, LC/MS(E) can be implemented as a discovery-driven MRM-based quantitative approach which can be used to reveal potential post-translational modifications, thus providing a new method in the area of gel-free and label-free proteomic analysis. DA - 2010/// PY - 2010/// DO - 10.1002/rcm.4476 VL - 24 IS - 7 SP - 1009-1016 ER - TY - JOUR TI - PHOSPHORUS DEFICIENCY IN PELARGONIUM: EFFECTS ON NITRATE AND AMMONIUM UPTAKE AND ACIDITY GENERATION AU - Taylor, Matthew D. AU - Nelson, Paul V. AU - Frantz, Jonathan M. AU - Rufty, Thomas W. T2 - JOURNAL OF PLANT NUTRITION AB - A sudden pH decline (SPD) of the substrate is an increasing problem in geranium growth systems, and the cause is unknown. In this study, we investigate whether a phosphorus (P) deficiency can cause SPD, and whether the effect is related to inhibition of ammonium (NH4 +) and nitrate (NO3 −) uptake and a corresponding shift in the cation to anion uptake balance. Geraniums (Pelargonium x hortorum Bailey ‘Designer Dark Red’) were grown in hydroponic solutions with or without P, and the hydroponics systems were located in a growth chamber programmed for light/dark temperatures of 22/18 or 26/22°C. Acidification potential was measured by the amount of base required to maintain pH at 5.8. The results indicated that much greater amounts of base were required to maintain a stable pH with P-limited plants. Using periodic exposures to 15NH4 + or 15NO3 −, it was found that NO3 − uptake was strongly inhibited as plants became P stressed. Tissue nutrient profiles showed that the NO3 − uptake inhibition was accompanied by an increase in the cation to anion uptake ratio. Rhizosphere acidification was greater at higher temperature even though the cation and anion responses were unchanged in control plants, suggesting the involvement of carbon dioxide (CO2) generated by root respiration. The results indicate that changes in cation and anion uptake and the associated increase in net H+ extrusion that occur under P-stress conditions can contribute to SPD in geranium culture systems. DA - 2010/// PY - 2010/// DO - 10.1080/01904160903575923 VL - 33 IS - 5 SP - 701-712 SN - 1532-4087 KW - acidification KW - cation-anion balance KW - pH ER - TY - JOUR TI - Genome-wide cloning and sequence analysis of leucine-rich repeat receptor-like protein kinase genes in Arabidopsis thaliana AU - Gou, Xiaoping AU - He, Kai AU - Yang, Hui AU - Yuan, Tong AU - Lin, Honghui AU - Clouse, Steven D. AU - Li, Jia T2 - BMC GENOMICS AB - Transmembrane receptor kinases play critical roles in both animal and plant signaling pathways regulating growth, development, differentiation, cell death, and pathogenic defense responses. In Arabidopsis thaliana, there are at least 223 Leucine-rich repeat receptor-like kinases (LRR-RLKs), representing one of the largest protein families. Although functional roles for a handful of LRR-RLKs have been revealed, the functions of the majority of members in this protein family have not been elucidated.As a resource for the in-depth analysis of this important protein family, the complementary DNA sequences (cDNAs) of 194 LRR-RLKs were cloned into the Gateway donor vector pDONR/Zeo and analyzed by DNA sequencing. Among them, 157 clones showed sequences identical to the predictions in the Arabidopsis sequence resource, TAIR8. The other 37 cDNAs showed gene structures distinct from the predictions of TAIR8, which was mainly caused by alternative splicing of pre-mRNA. Most of the genes have been further cloned into Gateway destination vectors with GFP or FLAG epitope tags and have been transformed into Arabidopsis for in planta functional analysis. All clones from this study have been submitted to the Arabidopsis Biological Resource Center (ABRC) at Ohio State University for full accessibility by the Arabidopsis research community.Most of the Arabidopsis LRR-RLK genes have been isolated and the sequence analysis showed a number of alternatively spliced variants. The generated resources, including cDNA entry clones, expression constructs and transgenic plants, will facilitate further functional analysis of the members of this important gene family. DA - 2010/1/11/ PY - 2010/1/11/ DO - 10.1186/1471-2164-11-19 VL - 11 SP - SN - 1471-2164 ER - TY - JOUR TI - EFFECTIVENESS, AMMONIUM IMPACT AND POTASSIUM ADEQUACY OF SOYBEAN-BASE LIQUID FERTILIZER ON BEDDING PLANTS AU - Nelson, Paul V. AU - Niedziela, Carl E., Jr. AU - Pitchay, Dharmalingam S. AU - Mingis, Nancy C. T2 - JOURNAL OF PLANT NUTRITION AB - A greenhouse study was conducted to compare the effectiveness of a soybean-base liquid fertilizer [Daniels Plant Food; 10 nitrogen (N):1.8 phosphorus (P): 2.5 potassium (K)] to two inorganic, greenhouse-type formulations containing 25 and 75% of nitrogen in the ammoniacal form on four bedding plant species (pansy, petunia, salvia, and vinca). Flowering was unaffected, foliage was deeper green, and substrate electrical conductivity was lower when fertilized with the soybean-base fertilizer. Plants were desirably more compact (lighter with less leaf area) when fertilized with the soybean-base and 75% ammoniacal fertilizer. While ammonium toxicity did not develop in any treatments at the standard lime rate, it occurred at low lime in all species with 75% ammoniacal and only lightly in pansy with soybean-base fertilizer, in spite of its 81% reduced nitrogen. Soybean fertilizer caused less acidification than 75% ammoniacal fertilizer. The potassium content of the soybean-base fertilizer was adequate to meet the requirements of the four species tested. DA - 2010/// PY - 2010/// DO - 10.1080/01904160903575949 VL - 33 IS - 5 SP - 724-735 SN - 0190-4167 KW - pansy KW - petunia KW - salvia KW - vinca KW - floriculture KW - ammonium toxicity KW - potassium KW - substrate pH KW - electrical conductivity ER - TY - PAT TI - Hydrangea plant named "NCHA1" AU - Ranney, T. G. C2 - 2010/// DA - 2010/// PY - 2010/// ER - TY - JOUR TI - Characterization of Anthocyanins and Anthocyanidins in Purple-Fleshed Sweetpotatoes by HPLC-DAD/ESI-MS/MS AU - Truong, Van-Den AU - Deighton, Nigel AU - Thompson, Roger T. AU - McFeeters, Roger F. AU - Dean, Lisa O. AU - Pecota, Kenneth V. AU - Yencho, G. Craig T2 - JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY AB - Purple-fleshed sweetpotatoes (PFSP) can be a healthy food choice for consumers and a potential source for natural food colorants. This study aimed to identify anthocyanins and anthocyanidins in PFSP, and to evaluate the effect of thermal processing on these polyphenolic compounds. Freeze-dried powder of raw and steamed samples of three PFSP varieties were extracted with acidified methanol using a Dionex ASE 200 accelerated solvent extractor. Seventeen anthocyanins were identified by HPLC-DAD/ESI-MS/MS for Stokes Purple and NC 415 varieties with five major compounds: cyanidin 3-caffeoylsophoroside-5-glucoside, peonidin 3-caffeoylsophoroside-5-glucoside, cyanidin 3-caffeoyl-p-hydroxybenzoylsophoroside-5-glucoside, peonidin 3-caffeoyl-p-hydroxybenzoyl-sophoroside-5-glucoside, and peonidin-caffeoyl-feruloylsophoroside-5-glucoside. Okinawa variety showed 12 pigments with 3 major peaks identified as cyanidin 3-caffeoylsophoroside-5-glucoside, cyanidin 3-(6'',6'''-dicaffeoylsophoroside)-5-glucoside and cyanidin 3-(6''-caffeoyl-6'''-feruloylsophoroside)-5-glucoside. Steam cooking had no significant effect on total anthocyanin content or the anthocyanin pigments. Cyanidin and peonidin, which were the major anthocyanidins in the acid hydrolyzed extracts, were well separated and quantified by HPLC with external standards. Cyanidin and peonidin, which contribute to the blue and red hues of PFSP, can be simply quantified by HPLC after acid hydrolysis of the anthocyanins. DA - 2010/1/13/ PY - 2010/1/13/ DO - 10.1021/jf902799a VL - 58 IS - 1 SP - 404-410 SN - 1520-5118 KW - Sweetpotatoes KW - Ipomoea batatas KW - cooking KW - puree KW - anthocyanins KW - polyphenolics ER - TY - JOUR TI - Registration of N6202 Soybean Germplasm with High Protein, Favorable Yield Potential, Large Seed, and Diverse Pedigree AU - Carter, T. E., Jr. AU - Rzewnicki, P. E. AU - Burton, J. W. AU - Villagarcia, M. R. AU - Bowman, D. T. AU - Taliercio, Earl AU - Kwanyuen, P. T2 - JOURNAL OF PLANT REGISTRATIONS AB - ‘N6202’ soybean [ Glycine max (L.) Merr.] (Reg. No. GP‐366, PI 658498) was cooperatively developed and released by the USDA–ARS and the North Carolina Agricultural Research Service in October 2009 as a mid–Maturity Group VI germplasm with high‐protein seed, favorable yield potential, large seed size, and diverse pedigree. The unusual combination of high protein and favorable yield in this germplasm, plus its diverse genetic background, makes it a potentially desirable breeding stock for both specialty and commodity breeding programs. N6202 was developed through conventional breeding and is adapted to the southern United States. Average seed protein level was 457 g kg −1 (zero moisture basis), which was 33 g kg −1 greater ( p < 0.05) than that of the control cultivar NC‐Roy. Average yield of N6202 was more than 90% of NC‐Roy over 65 environments. The 100‐seed weight of N6202 (21.4 g) was significantly greater ( p < 0.05) than that of the largest‐seeded control cultivar Dillon (15.2 g).Twenty‐five percent of N6202's pedigree is derived from Japanese cultivar Fukuyataka. Fukuyataka is not known to be related to the genetic base of U.S. soybean. An additional 25% of N6202's pedigree traces to the Japanese cultivar Nakasennari, which appears in the pedigree of only one cultivar (its parent ‘N6201’). Thus, the release of N6202 broadens the genetic range of materials adapted for soybean breeding in the United States. N6202 exhibits a moderate level of the bleeding hilum trait in some environments. DA - 2010/1// PY - 2010/1// DO - 10.3198/jpr2009.08.0462.crg VL - 4 IS - 1 SP - 73-79 SN - 1940-3496 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Genomics of Fungal Disease Resistance in Tomato AU - Panthee, Dilip R. AU - Chen, Feng T2 - CURRENT GENOMICS AB - Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) is an important vegetable crop worldwide. Often times, its production is hindered by fungal diseases. Important fungal diseases limiting tomato production are late blight, caused by Phytophthora infestans, early blight, caused by Alternaria solanii, and septoria leaf spot, caused by Septoria lycopersici, fusarium wilt caused by Fusarium oxysporium fsp. oxysporium, and verticilium wilt caused by Verticilium dahlea. The Phytophthora infestans is the same fungus that caused the devastating loss of potato in Europe in 1845. A similar magnitude of crop loss in tomato has not occurred but Phytophthora infestans has caused the complete loss of tomato crops around the world on a small scale. Several attempts have been made through conventional breeding and the molecular biological approaches to understand the biology of host-pathogen interaction so that the disease can be managed and crop loss prevented. In this review, we present a comprehensive analysis of information produced by molecular genetic and genomic experiments on host-pathogen interactions of late blight, early blight, septoria leaf spot, verticilim wilt and fusarium wilt in tomato. Furthermore, approaches adopted to manage these diseases in tomato including genetic transformation are presented. Attempts made to link molecular markers with putative genes and their use in crop improvement are discussed. DA - 2010/3// PY - 2010/3// DO - 10.2174/138920210790217927 VL - 11 IS - 1 SP - 30-39 SN - 1875-5488 KW - Comparative genomics KW - functional genomics KW - genomics KW - QTL analysis KW - Solanum lycopersicum KW - tomato ER -