TY - JOUR TI - Characterization of novel sugarcane expressed sequence tag microsatellites and their comparison with genomic SSRs AU - Pinto, L.R. AU - Oliveira, K.M. AU - Marconi, T. AU - Garcia, A.A.F. AU - Ulian, E.C. AU - De Souza, A.P. T2 - Plant Breeding AB - Abstract Microsatellites or simple sequence repeats (SSRs) are one of the most suitable markers for genome analysis as they have great potential to aid breeders to develop new improved sugarcane varieties. The development of SSR derived from expressed sequence tags (EST) opens new opportunities for genetic investigations at a functional level. In the present work, the polymorphism obtained with a subset of 51 EST–SSRs derived from sucest was compared with those generated by 50 genomic SSRs (gSSR) in terms of number of alleles, polymorphism information content, discrimination power and their ability to establish genetic relationships among 18 sugarcane clones including three Saccharum species ( S. officinarum , S. barberi , S. sinense ). The majority of EST–SSRs loci had four to six alleles in contrast to the seven to nine observed for the gSSRs loci. Approximately, 35% of the gSSRs had PIC values around 0.90 in contrast to 15% of the EST–SSRs. However, the mean discrimination power of the two types of SSR did not differ significantly as much as the average genetic similarity (GS) based on Dice coefficient. The correlation between GS of the two types of SSRs was high ( r = 0.71/P = 0.99) and significant. Although differences were observed between dendrograms obtained with each SSR type, both were in good agreement with pedigree information. The S. officinarum clone IJ76‐314 was grouped apart from the other clones evaluated. The results here demonstrate that EST–SSRs can be successfully used for genetic relationship analysis, extending the knowledge of genetic diversity of sugarcane to a functional level. DA - 2006/// PY - 2006/// DO - 10.1111/j.1439-0523.2006.01227.x VL - 125 IS - 4 SP - 378-384 UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-33746444258&partnerID=MN8TOARS ER - TY - JOUR TI - Conversion of introductory plant biology course and lab to web-based distance education AU - Bradley, L.K. AU - Stutz, J. AU - Towill, L. AU - Wijesuriya, R. T2 - HortScience DA - 2006/// PY - 2006/// VL - 41 IS - 4 SP - 923-924 M3 - Abstract UR - http://hortsci.ashspublications.org/cgi/reprint/41/4/1002-c ER - TY - JOUR TI - Global gene expression analysis in soybean in response to the causal agent of Asian soybean rust (Phakopsora pachyrhizi Sydow) AU - Panthee, D.R. AU - Yuan, J. AU - Wright, D.L. AU - Marois, J. AU - Mailhot, D. AU - Stewart, N. T2 - Agronomy Abstracts C7 - 1735a DA - 2006/// PY - 2006/// M3 - Abstracts SN - 0375-5495 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Conversion of Introductory Plant Biology Course and Lab to Web-Based Distance Ed Course AU - Bradley, Lucy AU - Towill, Leslie AU - Stutz, Jean AU - Roberson, Robert T2 - HortScience AB - Conversion of the introductory plant biology course for non-majors from a lecture/lab format to a web-based course was a collaborative project between the Department of Plant Biology and the Instructional Support group at ASU. This course provides an introduction to biology through the world of plants by including lectures and laboratory activities that examine plant systems. The project was undertaken to provide students with an asynchronous opportunity to participate in either the course, the lab, or both. There were three distinct phases of implementation of the multimedia website: Design, Development, and Delivery. The design phase was driven by the faculty, who, along with graduate assistants, developed the course outline and content. They gathered images, identified concepts to be animated, and created storyboards to layout the sequence in the animation. The development stage was driven by the Instructional Designers who selected the appropriate media for animations and worked with developers to create them. The delivery phase was again driven by the professors. They implemented the website as a teaching tool, gathered feedback from students and teaching assistants, and worked with instructional designers and multimedia developers to improve the site. A wide variety of on-line multimedia components were incorporated into the website, including illustrations, images, animations, interactive modules, video and text. Three separate media packages were used: MacroMedia Flash (Macromedia, 2000), Director Shockwave (Macromedia, 2000), and QuickTime (Apple, Inc. 2000). Findings from surveys of students, faculty, and staff identified positive regard for the site as a whole. Several technological and logistical challenges were encountered and addressed. DA - 2006/7// PY - 2006/7// DO - 10.21273/hortsci.41.4.1002d VL - 41 IS - 4 SP - 1002D-1002 J2 - HortSci OP - SN - 0018-5345 2327-9834 UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.41.4.1002d DB - Crossref ER - TY - JOUR TI - Development and evaluation of PCR-based diagnostic assays for the bacterial speck and bacterial spot pathogens of tomato (vol 90, pg 451, 2006) T2 - Plant Disease DA - 2006/// PY - 2006/// UR - https://publons.com/wos-op/publon/56007366/ ER - TY - JOUR TI - Antioxidant response of two salt-stressed barley varieties in the presence or absence of exogenous proline AU - Reza, S AU - Heidari, R AU - Zare, S AU - Norastehnia, A T2 - Gen. Appl. Plant Physiol DA - 2006/// PY - 2006/// VL - 32 IS - 3-4 SP - 233-251 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Bekämpfung des Wurzelschimmels AU - Huber, L. AU - Eisenbeis, G. AU - Hoffmann, M. AU - Neuhauser, S. AU - Porten, M. AU - Ruehl, E.H. T2 - Die Winzer-Zeitschrift DA - 2006/5// PY - 2006/5// SP - 35–37 ER - TY - MGZN TI - Wurzelschimmel - verborgene Gefahr im Untergrund AU - Huber, L. AU - Eisenbeis, G. AU - Hoffmann, M. AU - Neuhauser, S. AU - Porten, M. AU - Ruehl, E.H. T2 - Die Winzer-Zeitschrift DA - 2006/4// PY - 2006/4// SP - 34–35 ER - TY - MGZN TI - Absterbeerscheinungen und Kümmerwuchs verursacht durch den Wurzelschimmelerreger Roesleria subterranea (Weinm.) Redhead AU - Huber, L. AU - Eisenbeis, G. AU - Hoffmann, M. AU - Neuhauser, S. AU - Porten, M. AU - Ruehl, E.H. T2 - Deutsches Weinmagazin DA - 2006/3// PY - 2006/3// SP - 25–31 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Persistence of GranMet®, a Metarhizium anisopliae based product, in grape phylloxera infested vineyards AU - Kirchmair, M. AU - Hoffmann, M. AU - Neuhauser, S. AU - Huber, L. T2 - IOBC wprs Bulletin DA - 2006/// PY - 2006/// VL - 30 IS - 7 SP - 137–142 ER - TY - BOOK TI - Geranium disorder guide. AU - Whipker, B. AU - Krug, B. AU - Warfield, C. AU - Cloyd, R. AU - Buhler, W. DA - 2006/// PY - 2006/// SP - 50 PB - North Carolina Commercial Flower Grower’s Association ER - TY - BOOK TI - Insect and mite pest guide of herbaceous annuals and perennials AU - Cloyd, R. AU - Whipker, B. AU - Buhler, W. DA - 2006/// PY - 2006/// SP - 50 PB - North Carolina Commercial Flower Grower’s Association ER - TY - CONF TI - Horticultural Science distance education graduate certificate at North Carolina State University, USA AU - Sanders, D.C. AU - Peet, M.M. AU - Osborne, D.J. AU - Kornegay, J.L. AU - Dole, J.M. T2 - 27th International Horticultural Congress & Exhibition C2 - 2006/// C3 - Proceedings of the 27th International Horticultural Congress & Exhibition CY - Seoul, South Korea DA - 2006/// PY - 2006/8/13/ SP - 399 ER - TY - RPRT TI - Final Scientific Report Comparing the performance of naturally ventilated and fan-ventilated greenhouses AU - Willits, D.H. AU - Teitel, M. AU - Tanny, J. AU - Peet, M.M. AU - Cohen, S. AU - Matan, E. DA - 2006/// PY - 2006/// M1 - US-3189-01 M3 - Bard Project SN - US-3189-01 ER - TY - CONF TI - Optimizing substrates for producing tomato transplants utilizing organic practices: Seedling germination, growth, and nutrition and media characteristics in commercial and custom blended mixes AU - Larrea, E.S. AU - Peet, M.M. AU - Harlow, C.D. T2 - 27th International Horticultural Congress & Exhibition C2 - 2006/// C3 - Proceedings of the 27th International Horticultural Congress & Exhibition CY - Seoul, South Korea DA - 2006/// PY - 2006/8/13/ SP - 199 ER - TY - CONF TI - Greenhouse tomatoes: Profitable and practical for you? AU - Peet, M. T2 - 21st Annual Southeast Vegetable & Fruit Expo and 24th Eastern N.C. Vegetable School C2 - 2006/// C3 - North Carolina Vegetable Growers Association 2006 Yearbook CY - Myrtle Beach, SC DA - 2006/// PY - 2006/12/13/ VL - 8 SP - 57 ER - TY - CONF TI - Optimizing substrates and fertilization for production of greenhouse tomatoes using organic practices AU - Peet, M.M. AU - Rippy, J.F.M. AU - Harlow, C. T2 - 27th International Horticultural Congress & Exhibition C2 - 2006/// C3 - Proceedings of the 27th International Horticultural Congress & Exhibition CY - Seoul, South Korea DA - 2006/// PY - 2006/8/13/ SP - 175–176 ER - TY - MGZN TI - The importance of high quality irrigation water in your crop AU - Peet, M. AU - Whipker, B. AU - Dole, J. AU - Bilderback, T. T2 - The Tomato Magazine DA - 2006/8// PY - 2006/8// VL - 10 SP - 8–12 M1 - 4 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Consumer acceptability of low-sugar watermelon sweetened with non-calorie sweetener by a Native American community AU - Collins, Julie K. AU - Davis, Angela R. AU - Adams, Arin AU - Manness, Niels AU - Perkins-Veazie, Penelope M. T2 - International Journal of Food Sciences and Nutrition AB - Watermelons are a good source of lycopene, a carotenoid that exhibits antioxidant activity and may protect against some cancers. However, intake of watermelon may be restricted for individuals who have diabetes or those who limit carbohydrate intake. A low-sugar watermelon was developed at Lane, Oklahoma using traditional plant breeding techniques. The objective of this study was to determine whether the artificially sweetened low-sugar watermelon was acceptable with Native Americans, a group with a high incidence of diabetes. The red flesh from a low-sugar watermelon and a commercial variety of watermelon was removed and cut into cubes. Low and high levels of artificial sweetener were added to the low-sugar watermelon. Students at a Native American school (Grades 1–12) and adults at a Native American Feeding Center were asked to rate how much they liked or disliked the watermelon using a seven-point hedonic scale. Sugar composition, pH, lycopene and other carotenoids were analyzed from samples using established methods. The pH, lycopene, β-carotene and total carotenoid levels were similar among fruit. Artificially sweetened fruit were rated slightly more acceptable in taste than the commercial control watermelons by both age groups. The low-sugar watermelons were lower in sugar composition but were comparable with conventional melons in all other quality factors and were found acceptable in taste by a broad age group of Native American consumers. DA - 2006/1// PY - 2006/1// DO - 10.1080/09637480600807628 VL - 57 IS - 5-6 SP - 363-368 J2 - International Journal of Food Sciences and Nutrition LA - en OP - SN - 0963-7486 1465-3478 UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09637480600807628 DB - Crossref KW - low sugar KW - glycemic index KW - lycopene KW - watermelon ER - TY - JOUR TI - Carotenoid Changes of Intact Watermelons after Storage AU - Perkins-Veazie, Penelope AU - Collins, Julie K. T2 - Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry AB - Watermelon contains lycopene, a red carotenoid pigment that has strong antioxidant properties. The lycopene content of watermelon is substantial, contributing 8-20 mg per 180 g serving. There are no reports on carotenoid changes in whole watermelon during storage. Three types of watermelon, open-pollinated seeded, hybrid seeded, and seedless types, were stored at 5, 13, and 21 degrees C for 14 days and flesh color, composition, and carotenoid content were compared to those of fruit not stored. Watermelons stored at 21 degrees C had increased pH, chroma, and carotenoid content compared to fresh fruit. Compared to fresh fruit, watermelons stored at 21 degrees C gained 11-40% in lycopene and 50-139% in beta-carotene, whereas fruit held at 13 degrees C changed little in carotenoid content. These results indicate that carotenoid biosynthesis in watermelons can be affected by temperature and storage. DA - 2006/8// PY - 2006/8// DO - 10.1021/jf0532664 VL - 54 IS - 16 SP - 5868-5874 J2 - J. Agric. Food Chem. LA - en OP - SN - 0021-8561 1520-5118 UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jf0532664 DB - Crossref KW - lycopene KW - beta-carotene KW - chilling injury KW - triploid watemelon KW - Citrullus lanatus (Thunb Matsum & Nakai) ER - TY - JOUR TI - Carotenoid Content of 50 Watermelon Cultivars AU - Perkins-Veazie, Penelope AU - Collins, Julie K. AU - Davis, Angela R. AU - Roberts, Warren T2 - Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry AB - The lycopene content of 50 commercial cultivars of seeded and seedless red-fleshed watermelons was determined. Scanning colorimetric and spectrophotometric assays of total lycopene were used to separate watermelon cultivars into low (<50 mg/kg fw), average (50-70 mg/kg fw), high (70-90 mg/kg fw), and very high (>90 mg/kg fw). Cultivars varied greatly in lycopene content, ranging from 33 to 100 mg/kg. Most of the seeded hybrid cultivars had average lycopene contents. Sixteen of the 33 seedless types had lycopene contents in the high and very high ranges. All-trans-lycopene was the predominant carotenoid (84-97%) in all watermelon cultivars measured by high-performance liquid chromatography, but the germplasm differed in the relative amounts of cis-lycopene, beta-carotene, and phytofluene. Red-fleshed watermelon genotypes vary extensively in carotenoid content and offer opportunities for developing watermelons with specifically enhanced carotenoids. DA - 2006/4// PY - 2006/4// DO - 10.1021/jf052066p VL - 54 IS - 7 SP - 2593-2597 J2 - J. Agric. Food Chem. LA - en OP - SN - 0021-8561 1520-5118 UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jf052066p DB - Crossref KW - lycopene KW - free radical scavenger KW - antioxidant KW - Citrullus lanatus ER - TY - JOUR TI - INFLUENCE OF COMPOST ON VEGETABLE CROP NUTRIENT MANAGEMENT AU - Sanders, D.C. AU - Reyes, L.M. AU - Monks, D.W. AU - Jennings, K.M. AU - Louws, F.J. AU - Driver, J.G. T2 - HortScience AB - Tomato, pepper, and cucumber were grown for consecutive years using compost from two North Carolina cities (Lexington and Edenton) and McGill Composts (CMC) sources and CMC amended with Tracoderma 382. Treatments included compost with an untreated control and Telone C-35 (Telone) with and without additional fertilizer. The objective was to evaluate compost influence on yield and pest management. Results showed significant differences between treatments and among years. Cucumber and pepper had higher total and marketable yields in 2005 than in 2004. Although tomato yield was lower in 2005 than in 2004 it was evident that CMC+Telone had a higher marketable and total plant dry weight in both years. Two year data showed that combinations of treatments with CMC and Telone (Telone+fertilizer, CMC+Telone, CMC+T382) produced higher yield for tomato and cucumber. Composts from Lexington and Edenton produced more number 2 grade peppers, but treatments did not differ in total and marketable yield. In general compost treatments with or without amendments showed better results in crop yields than the control. Weed counts by species were determined on all plots. Pepper had the greatest number of weeds relative to cucumber and tomato. Organic amendments seem to increase the action of the compost source in several crops. Combination of treatments may depend on the particular crop. DA - 2006/6// PY - 2006/6// DO - 10.21273/hortsci.41.3.509c VL - 41 IS - 3 SP - 509C-509 ER - TY - JOUR TI - INFLUENCE OF COMPOST ON VEGETABLE CROP NUTRIENT MANAGEMENT AU - Sanders, D.C. AU - Reyes, L.M. AU - Monks, D.W. AU - Jennings, K.M. AU - Louws, F.J. AU - Driver, J.G. T2 - HortScience AB - Tomato, pepper and cucumber were grown for consecutive years using compost from two North Carolina cities (Lexington and Edenton) and McGill Composts (CMC) sources and CMC amended with Tracoderma 382. Treatments included compost with an untreated control and Telone C-35 (Telone) with and without additional fertilizer. The objective was to evaluate compost influence on yield and pest management. Results showed significant differences between treatments and among years. Cucumber and pepper had higher total and marketable yields in 2005 than in 2004. Although tomato yield was lower in 2005 than in 2004 it was evident that CMC+Telone had a higher marketable and total plant dry weight in both years. Two year data showed that combinations of treatments with CMC and Telone (Telone+fertilizer, CMC+Telone, CMC+T382) produced higher yield for tomato and cucumber. Composts from Lexington and Edenton produced more number 2 grade peppers, but treatments did not differ in total and marketable yield. In general compost treatments with or without amendments showed better results in crop yields than the control. Weed counts by species were determined on all plots. Pepper had the greatest number of weeds relative to cucumber and tomato. Organic amendments seem to increase the action of the compost source in several crops. Combination of treatments may depend on the particular crop. DA - 2006/6// PY - 2006/6// DO - 10.21273/hortsci.41.3.508a VL - 41 IS - 3 SP - 508A-508 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Transcripts in drought stressed tepary bean roots AU - Hernández, R. AU - Rodriguez, L. AU - O'Connell, M.A. T2 - GenBank dbEST DA - 2006/// PY - 2006/// ER - TY - JOUR TI - Diversity Analysis of Garlic (Allium sativum L.) Germplasms Available in Nepal Based on Morphological Characters AU - Panthee, D. R. AU - Kc, R. B. AU - Regmi, H. N. AU - Subedi, P. P. AU - Bhattarai, S. AU - Dhakal, J. T2 - Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution DA - 2006/2// PY - 2006/2// DO - 10.1007/s10722-004-6690-z VL - 53 IS - 1 SP - 205-212 J2 - Genet Resour Crop Evol LA - en OP - SN - 0925-9864 1573-5109 UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10722-004-6690-z DB - Crossref KW - Allium KW - cluster analysis KW - garlic KW - genetic diversity KW - PCA ER - TY - JOUR TI - Genomic Regions Associated with Amino Acid Composition in Soybean AU - Panthee, D. R. AU - Pantalone, V. R. AU - Saxton, A. M. AU - West, D. R. AU - Sams, C. E. T2 - Molecular Breeding DA - 2006/1// PY - 2006/1// DO - 10.1007/s11032-005-2519-5 VL - 17 IS - 1 SP - 79-89 J2 - Mol Breeding LA - en OP - SN - 1380-3743 1572-9788 UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11032-005-2519-5 DB - Crossref KW - amino acid KW - genomic regions KW - Glycine max KW - lysine KW - QTL mapping KW - soybean KW - threonine KW - tryptophan ER - TY - JOUR TI - Registration of Soybean Germplasm Lines TN03–350 and TN04–5321 with Improved Protein Concentration and Quality AU - Panthee, D.R. AU - Pantalone, V.R. T2 - Crop Science AB - Crop ScienceVolume 46, Issue 5 p. 2328-2329 Registrations of Germplasms Registration of Soybean Germplasm Lines TN03–350 and TN04–5321 with Improved Protein Concentration and Quality D.R. Panthee, D.R. Panthee Dep. of Plant Sciences, Univ. of Tennessee, 2431 Joe Johnson Dr., Knoxville, TN, 37996-4561Search for more papers by this authorV.R. Pantalone, Corresponding Author V.R. Pantalone [email protected] Dep. of Plant Sciences, Univ. of Tennessee, 2431 Joe Johnson Dr., Knoxville, TN, 37996-4561Corresponding author ([email protected])Search for more papers by this author D.R. Panthee, D.R. Panthee Dep. of Plant Sciences, Univ. of Tennessee, 2431 Joe Johnson Dr., Knoxville, TN, 37996-4561Search for more papers by this authorV.R. Pantalone, Corresponding Author V.R. Pantalone [email protected] Dep. of Plant Sciences, Univ. of Tennessee, 2431 Joe Johnson Dr., Knoxville, TN, 37996-4561Corresponding author ([email protected])Search for more papers by this author First published: 01 September 2006 https://doi.org/10.2135/cropsci2005.11.0437Citations: 12 Registration by CSSA. Read the full textAboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onEmailFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditWechat No abstract is available for this article. REFERENCES Brim, C.A. 1966. A modified pedigree method of selection in soybeans. Crop Sci. 6: 220. Burton, J.W., T.E. Carter and R.F. Wilson. 1999. Registration of Prolina soybean. Crop Sci. 39: 294–295. George, A.A. and B.O. de Lumen. 1991. A novel methionine-rich protein in soybean seed: Identification, amino acid composition, and N-terminal sequence. J. Agric. Food Chem. 39: 224–227. Pantalone, V.R., F.L. Allen and D. Landau-Ellis. 2003a. Registration of ‘TN93-99’ Soybean germplasm. Crop Sci. 43: 1137. Pantalone, V.R., F.L. Allen and D. Landau-Ellis. 2003b. Registration of ‘5601T’. Soybean. Crop Sci. 43: 1123–1124. Pantalone, V.R., F.L. Allen and D. Landau-Ellis. 2004. Registration of ‘5002T’. Soybean. Crop Sci. 44: 1483–1484. Paris, B. 2003. Uniform Soybean Test: Southern States 2003. USDA-ARS, Stoneville, MS. Citing Literature Volume46, Issue5September–October 2006Pages 2328-2329 ReferencesRelatedInformation DA - 2006/// PY - 2006/// DO - 10.2135/cropsci2005.11.0437 VL - 46 IS - 5 SP - 2328 LA - en OP - SN - 1435-0653 UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.2135/cropsci2005.11.0437 DB - Crossref ER - TY - JOUR TI - Modifier QTL for fatty acid composition in soybean oil AU - Panthee, D. R. AU - Pantalone, V. R. AU - Saxton, A. M. T2 - Euphytica DA - 2006/9/29/ PY - 2006/9/29/ DO - 10.1007/s10681-006-9179-3 VL - 152 IS - 1 SP - 67-73 J2 - Euphytica LA - en OP - SN - 0014-2336 1573-5060 UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10681-006-9179-3 DB - Crossref KW - Glycine max KW - molecular markers KW - SSR ER - TY - JOUR TI - EFFECTS OF POSTAPPLICATION HALOSULFURONMETHYL AT VARIOUS PERCENTS OF VINE COVERAGE ON WATERMELON YIELDS AU - Dittmar, Peter J. AU - Monks, David W. AU - Schultheis, Jonathan R. AU - Jennings, Katherine M. T2 - HortScience AB - Most seedless watermelons are grown on black polyethylene mulch to aid crop establishment, growth, yield, and quality and weed control. However, nutsedge is a persistent problem in this production system, as it can easily penetrate the mulch. Halosulfuron-methyl is registered in some crops and provides excellent yellow nutsedge control. The objective of this research was to determine the effects of reduced halosulfuron-methyl contract to the watermelon plant on fruit yield and quality. The seedless watermelon cultivars, Tri-X-313 and Precious Petite, were transplanted into black polyethylene mulch and sprayed 16 days later. Halosulfuron-methyl at 35 g a.i./ha plus 0.25% (v/v) nonionic surfactant was applied at 187 L·ha –1 with a TeeJet 8002 even tip nozzle. Treatments were no spray, 25% of the vine tips, 25% of the crown, and over the top (entire plant). Plants in each treatment were rated (0% = no damage, 100% = fatality) for herbicide injury and the longest vine was measured on four plants. The no-spray treatment had the longest vines (156 cm). The topical halosulfuron treatment resulted in the shortest vines (94 cm) and the highest visual damage rating (63%). The herbicide caused foliage to yellow, internodes to shorten, and stems to crack. Treatments receiving halosulfuron-methyl applied to 25% of the vine (tip end) or 25% of the vine (crown end) resulted in reduced injury compared to the topical application. Generally, the 25% vine tip application was the safest halosulfuron treatment. The total yield (kg·ha –1 ) and number of watermelons/ha were similar among treatments. The no-spray treatment produced 4450 kg·ha –1 and 8300 watermelons/ha. The over-top treatment produced 3500 kg·ha –1 and 7300 watermelons/ha. Watermelon in the no-spray treatment weighed 4.4 kg, while watermelons weighed 3.9 kg with the over the top treatment. Halosulfuron-methyl is registered to apply to middles between watermelon rows; however, topical applications are prevented due to the possibility of crop injury. This research suggests that reduction of topical application to only 25% contact of the crop may improve crop tolerance. Thus application to nutsedge patches where limited contact to watermelon occurs may be a possibility in the future. DA - 2006/6// PY - 2006/6// DO - 10.21273/hortsci.41.3.519a VL - 41 IS - 3 SP - 519A-519 ER - TY - JOUR TI - (21) Using Compost Sources as an Alternative to Methyl Bromide in Vegetable Production AU - Sanders, Douglas C. AU - Reyes, Luz M. AU - Monks, David W. AU - Jennings, Katie M. AU - Louws, Frank J. AU - Driver, Jim G. T2 - HortScience AB - Compost sources were used to determine long-term influence on common vegetable cropping systems (tomato, pepper, and cucumber). Three sources of Controlled Microbial Compost (CMC) (20 yd 3 /A) amended with fumigant Telone-C35 (35 gal/A) and Trichoderma-382 [2.5 oz/yd. 3 (T-382)] were used during 3 consecutive years. Tomato showed statistic differences (1%) among compost treatments with higher total yields when CMC was combined with Telone-C35 (21%) and T-382 (8.2%). All treatments but Bio-Compost and control presented al least 25% more marketable yield per acre. No differences in fruit size were found for tomato, except for medium-size fruit when Telone C-35 was added. The CMC alone or combined with Telone C-35 and T-382 increased the total plant dry weight at least 18.6%. Pepper crop showed statistic differences with higher number of No. 1 fruit size when CMC was combined with Telone C-35 and T-382. Number of culls per acre decreased for all three compost sources, with no differences from the control. Cucumber yields differed among treatments for total and marketable yields and No.1 size fruit per acre. Best yields were achieved with CMC and when mixed with Telone C-35 and T-382. The lower numbers of culls per acre were found with Bio-Compost and Lexington sources and CMC+T-382. Total plant dry weight was increased in at least 24% when Bio-Compost or CMC compost were used alone or combined with Telone-C35 or T-382. CMC increased root knot nematode soil counts and percentage of root galling, but tended to improve root vigor in cucumbers. It seems that compost sources combined with Telone C-35 or T-382 could improve the cropping management as alternative to methyl bromide. Weed responses will also be discussed. DA - 2006/7// PY - 2006/7// DO - 10.21273/hortsci.41.4.1074a VL - 41 IS - 4 SP - 1074A-1074 ER - TY - CONF TI - Progress in breeding non-invasive nursery crops AU - Ranney, T.G. AU - Touchell, D. AU - Olsen, R. AU - Eaker, T. AU - Lynch, N. AU - Mowrey, J. C2 - 2006/// C3 - Proceedings of the Southern Nursery Association Research Conference, 51st Annual Report DA - 2006/// VL - 51 SP - 597–598 ER - TY - CONF TI - Polyploidy: From evolution to new plant development AU - Ranney, T.G. C2 - 2006/// C3 - Proceedings of the International Plant Propagators’ Society DA - 2006/// VL - 56 SP - 604–607 ER - TY - CONF TI - Intergeneric hybrids between Weigela and Diervilla (Caprifoliaceae) AU - Touchell, D. AU - Viloria, Z. AU - Ranney, T. AU - Ivors, K. C2 - 2006/// C3 - Proceedings of the Southern Nursery Association Research Conference, 51st Annual Report DA - 2006/// VL - 51 SP - 591–594 ER - TY - MGZN TI - A future in dogwoods AU - Upchurch, B. AU - Ranney, T. T2 - Nursery Notes DA - 2006/// PY - 2006/// VL - 10 SP - 53–56 M1 - 4 ER - TY - CONF TI - Alternative cropping systems for organic dairy producers: improvements and lessons learned AU - Jemison, J.M. AU - Reberg-Horton, C. C2 - 2006/// C3 - Proceedings of the Annual Meeting -Northeastern Weed Science Society DA - 2006/// VL - 60 SP - 74-77 DB - Northeastern Weed Science Society 60:74-77. ER - TY - CONF TI - Managing smooth bedstraw in pasture and forage crops in New England AU - Kersbergen, R. AU - Reberg-Horton, C. C2 - 2006/// C3 - Proceedings of the Annual Meeting - Northeastern Weed Science Society DA - 2006/// VL - 60 SP - 78 ER - TY - SOUND TI - Toward identification and mapping of new late blight resistance genes in tomato AU - Merk, H.L. AU - Ashrafi, H. AU - Kole, C. AU - Kinkade, M. AU - Lin, G.Y. AU - Foolad, M.R. DA - 2006/4/22/ PY - 2006/4/22/ M3 - poster N1 - Poster 0245 RN - Poster 0245 ER - TY - SOUND TI - Mapping of early blight resistance QTLs and candidate resistance genes in a RIL population of tomato AU - Ashrafi, H. AU - Sharma, A. AU - Kole, C. AU - Merk, H. AU - Lin, G.Y. AU - Foolad, M.R. DA - 2006/1/14/ PY - 2006/1/14/ M3 - poster N1 - Abstract published in the Proceedings for the meeting, p. 218 RN - Abstract published in the Proceedings for the meeting, p. 218 ER - TY - CONF TI - Identification of new sources of late blight resistance in tomato and mapping of a new resistance gene AU - Foolad, M.R. AU - Merk, H.L. AU - Ashrafi, H. AU - Kinkade, M.P. C2 - 2006/// C3 - Proc. 21st Annual Tomato Disease Workshop DA - 2006/// PB - NC State University ER - TY - SOUND TI - Identification of QTLs for tomato early blight resistance in a RIL population of a cross between Lycopersicon esculentum and L. pimpinellifolium AU - Ashrafi, H. AU - Lin, G.Y. AU - Foolad, M.R. DA - 2006/4/22/ PY - 2006/4/22/ M3 - poster ER - TY - SOUND TI - A molecular linkage map of tomato based on RFLP markers and candidate disease-resistance/defense-response genes in an F7 RIL population AU - Ashrafi, H. AU - Lin, G.Y. AU - Foolad, M.R. DA - 2006/3/22/ PY - 2006/3/22/ M3 - poster ER - TY - PAT TI - Ornamental sweetpotato plant named 'Sweet Caroline Sweetheart Red' AU - Yencho, G. C. AU - Pecota, K. C2 - 2006/// DA - 2006/// PY - 2006/// ER - TY - JOUR TI - Trading carbon credits for methane recovery AU - Sherman, R. T2 - BioCycle DA - 2006/// PY - 2006/// VL - 47 IS - 9 SP - 55-58 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Riding high for Christmas tree research at N.C. State University AU - Frampton, J. AU - Doubrava, N. T2 - Friends of the NCSU Arboretum Newsletter DA - 2006/// PY - 2006/// VL - 10 IS - 1 SP - 7 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Management of annual grasses and Amaranthus spp. in glufosinate-resistant cotton AU - Gardner, A. P. AU - York, A. C. AU - Jordan, D. L. AU - Monks, D. W. T2 - Journal of Cotton Science (Online) DA - 2006/// PY - 2006/// VL - 10 IS - 4 SP - 328 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Glufosinate antagonizes postemergence graminicides applied to annual grasses and johnsongrass AU - Gardner, A. P. AU - York, A. C. AU - Jordan, D. L. AU - Monks, D. W. T2 - Journal of Cotton Science (Online) DA - 2006/// PY - 2006/// VL - 10 IS - 4 SP - 319 ER - TY - PAT TI - Peach tree named 'Galactica' AU - Werner, D. AU - Snelling, L. C2 - 2006/// DA - 2006/// PY - 2006/// ER - TY - JOUR TI - Effects of plant growth regulator 2,4-D, KT and BA on callus induction and plant regeneration from mature embryos of maize AU - Wu, M. S. AU - Wang, X. F. T2 - Maize Genetics Cooperation Newsletter DA - 2006/// PY - 2006/// IS - 80 SP - 25 ER - TY - PAT TI - High efficiency gene targeting in plants AU - Helmer, G. L. AU - Allen, G. C. AU - Thompson, W. F. C2 - 2006/// DA - 2006/// PY - 2006/// ER - TY - JOUR TI - A modified protocol for rapid DNA isolation from plant tissues using cetyltrimethylammonium bromide AU - Allen, G. C. AU - Flores-Vergara, M. A. AU - Krasnyanski, S. AU - Kumar, S. AU - Thompson, W. F. T2 - NATURE PROTOCOLS DA - 2006/// PY - 2006/// DO - 10.1038/nprot.2006.384 VL - 1 IS - 5 SP - 2320-2325 SN - 1750-2799 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Plant physiological and production practices under controlled environment greenhouse systems AU - Peet, Mary M. T2 - PROCEEDINGS OF THE INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON GREENHOUSES, ENVIRONMENTAL CONTROLS AND IN-HOUSE MECHANIZATION FOR CROP PRODUCTION IN THE TROPICS AND SUB-TROPICS AB - ISHS International Symposium on Greenhouses, Environmental Controls and In-house Mechanization for Crop Production in the Tropics and Sub-Tropics PLANT PHYSIOLOGICAL AND PRODUCTION PRACTICES UNDER CONTROLLED ENVIRONMENT GREENHOUSE SYSTEMS DA - 2006/// PY - 2006/// DO - 10.17660/actahortic.2006.710.5 VL - 710 IS - 710 SP - 79-87 SN - 2406-6168 KW - yield KW - quality KW - consistency KW - controlled environment KW - phytonutrients ER - TY - JOUR TI - A seedling assay to screen aryloxyphenoxypropionic acid and cyclohexanedione resistance in johnsongrass (Sorghum halepense) AU - Burke, Ian C. AU - Thomas, Walter E. AU - Burton, James D. AU - Spears, Janet F. AU - Wilcut, John W. T2 - WEED TECHNOLOGY AB - A seedling bioassay was developed for the rapid diagnosis of resistance to clethodim and fluazifop-P in johnsongrass. The assay was based on differences in the coleoptile length of susceptible (S) and resistant (R) seedlings exposed to clethodim and fluazifop-P in petri dishes for 5 d. Bioassay concentrations of 0.09 mg/L clethodim and 0.18 mg/L fluazifop-P were chosen as discriminant based on rate responses of each biotype to increasing herbicide dose. At 5 d after treatment (DAT), the amounts of clethodim required to reduce coleoptile length by 50% ( GR 50 ) for the R and S seedlings were 462.5 and 24.8 mg/L, respectively, resulting in an R:S ratio of 18.7. The fluazifop GR 50 values for the R and S seedlings were 618.7 and 17.5 mg/L, respectively, resulting in a R:S ratio of 35.4. DA - 2006/// PY - 2006/// DO - 10.1614/WT-05-160.1 VL - 20 IS - 4 SP - 950-955 SN - 0890-037X KW - ACCase inhibitors KW - herbicide resistance ER - TY - JOUR TI - Snap bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) tolerance to halosulfuron PRE, POST, or PRE followed by POST AU - Silvey, Brandy D. AU - Mitchem, Wayne E. AU - Macrae, Andrew W. AU - Monks, David W. T2 - WEED TECHNOLOGY AB - A field experiment was conducted in 1996 and 1997 to determine snap bean tolerance to halosulfuron based on crop injury, height, and yield. Halosulfuron was applied preemergence (PRE), postemergence (POST), and sequentially PRE followed by (fb) POST at 35, 53, and 70 g ai/ha, respectively. For comparison, a hand-weeded check was included. When data were averaged across years and halosulfuron rates, halosulfuron PRE, POST, and PRE fb POST provided similar yellow nutsedge control (74 to 82%) at snap bean harvest. Halosulfuron PRE resulted in 4% snap bean injury at harvest. Similarly, halosulfuron PRE fb POST resulted in 5% injury, while halosulfuron POST caused the most damage at 8%. Snap bean height at harvest was reduced 14% with halosulfuron POST compared to the weed-free check, with only 5 and 6% reduction caused by halosulfuron PRE and PRE fb POST, respectively. Halosulfuron POST reduced yield 39% compared to the weed-free check, while the PRE and PRE fb POST application timings produced yield similar to the check. When averaged across years and halosulfuron application timings, an increase in halosulfuron rate had no effect on yellow nutsedge control or snap bean yield. A linear trend was found for snap bean injury and plant height at harvest with snap bean injury increasing with an increase in halosulfuron rate while snap bean plant height decreased with an increase in halosulfuron rate. Application of halosulfuron PRE is the safest means to control yellow nutsedge in snap bean in North Carolina. DA - 2006/// PY - 2006/// DO - 10.1614/WT-05-046.1 VL - 20 IS - 4 SP - 873-876 SN - 0890-037X KW - crop injury KW - plant height KW - yield ER - TY - JOUR TI - Penetration rates of root-knot nematodes into Cucumis sativus and C-metuliferus roots and subsequent histological changes AU - Walters, S. A. AU - Wehner, T. C. AU - Daykin, M. E. AU - Barker, K. R. T2 - Nematropica DA - 2006/// PY - 2006/// VL - 36 IS - 2 SP - 231-242 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Reproductive behavior of induced allotetraploid ×Chitalpa and in vitro embryo culture of polyploidy progeny AU - Olsen, R.T. AU - Ranney, T.G. AU - Viloria, Z. T2 - Journal of the American Society of Horticultural Scientists AB - × Chitalpa tashkentensis Elias & Wisura is a sterile intergeneric hybrid [ Catalpa bignonioides Walt. × Chilopsis linearis (Cav.) Sweet]. To restore fertility in × Chitalpa the following were evaluated: 1) oryzalin as a polyploidization agent, 2) fertility of induced polyploids, and 3) in vitro culture methods for embryo rescue of interploid crosses. Meristems of × Chitalpa `Pink Dawn' were submerged in an aqueous solution of 150 μ m oryzalin for 0, 6, 12, or 24 hours and ploidy analyzed via flow cytometry. As treatment duration increased, recovery of diploids decreased as mixoploids and shoot mortality increased. Two tetraploid shoots occurred in the 24-hour treatment. Four tetraploids and two cytochimeras were stabilized in total. Tetraploids flowered sparsely; however, cytochimeras flowered profusely and these were used to study fertility at the tetraploid level. Diploid × Chitalpa `Pink Dawn' pollen was essentially nonviable, but cytochimera pollen stained and germinated equal to or greater than pollen of C. bignonioides and C. linearis `Bubba'. Cytochimera × Chitalpa were selfed yielding tetraploid seedlings, crossed with C. bignonioides to yield triploids, but failed in reciprocal crosses with C. linearis `Bubba' and `Burgundy Lace'. To increase recovery of triploids, germination of triploid and tetraploid embryos was investigated, as either intact ovules or excised embryos, on Schenk and Hildebrandt (SH) basal salts supplemented with sucrose at 20, 40, and 80 g·L -1 , presence or absence of 2% coconut-water, and gibberellic acid (GA 3 ) at 0, 1, 2, or 4 μ m , and harvested weekly beginning 2 weeks after pollination (WAP). Germination of triploids (cytochimera × Chitalpa × diploid C. bignonioides ) and tetraploids (selfed cytochimera × Chitalpa ) were greatest with excised embryos at 7 WAP on SH supplemented with sucrose at 20 g·L -1 and ≥1 μ m GA 3 . Germination of triploids (diploid C. linearis × cytochimera × Chitalpa ) was <5% at 4, 5, or 6 WAP on the same medium as above. Oryzalin effectively induced polyploidy and restored fertility in × Chitalpa `Pink Dawn'. Successful crosses between hybrid and parental taxa of different ploidy levels, coupled with embryo culture will facilitate a × Chitalpa breeding program. Chemical names used: 4(dipropylamino)-3,5-dinitrobenzenesulfonamide (oryzalin). DA - 2006/// PY - 2006/// DO - 10.21273/jashs.131.6.716 VL - 131 IS - 6 SP - 716-724 SN - 2327-9788 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Improving the rooting capacity of stem cuttings of Virginia pine by severe stumping of parent trees AU - Rosier, C. L. AU - Frampton, J. AU - Goldfarb, B. AU - Blazich, F. A. AU - Wise, F. C. T2 - Southern Journal of Applied Forestry DA - 2006/// PY - 2006/// VL - 30 IS - 4 SP - 172-181 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Fertility and inheritance of variegated and purple foliage across a polyploid series in Hypericum androsaemum L. AU - Olsen, Richard T. AU - Ranney, Thomas G. AU - Werner, Dennis J. T2 - JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR HORTICULTURAL SCIENCE AB - Inheritance of two mutant foliage types, variegated and purple, was investigated for diploid, triploid, and tetraploid tutsan ( Hypericum androsaemum ). The fertility of progeny was evaluated by pollen viability tests and reciprocal crosses with diploids, triploids, and tetraploids and germinative capacity of seeds from successful crosses. Segregation ratios were determined for diploid crosses in reciprocal di-hybrid F 1 , F 2 , BCP1, and BCP2 families and selfed F 2 s with the parental phenotypes. F 2 tetraploids were derived from induced autotetraploid F 1 s. Triploid segregation ratios were determined for crosses between tetraploid F 2 s and diploid F 1 s. Diploid di-hybrid crosses fit the expected 9: 3: 3: 1 ratio for a single, simple recessive gene for both traits, with no evidence of linkage. A novel phenotype representing a combination of parental phenotypes was recovered. Data from backcrosses and selfing support the recessive model. Both traits behaved as expected at the triploid level; however, at the tetraploid level the number of variegated progeny increased, with segregation ratios falling between random chromosome and random chromatid assortment models. We propose the gene symbol var (variegated) and pl (purple leaf) for the variegated and purple genes, respectively. Triploid pollen stained moderately well (41%), but pollen germination was low (6%). Triploid plants were highly infertile, demonstrating extremely low male fertility and no measurable female fertility (no viable seed production). The present research demonstrates the feasibility of breeding simultaneously for ornamental traits and non-invasiveness. DA - 2006/11// PY - 2006/11// DO - 10.21273/jashs.131.6.725 VL - 131 IS - 6 SP - 725-730 SN - 2327-9788 KW - st. john's wort KW - tutsan KW - autotetraploid KW - oryzalin KW - invasive plants KW - pollen viability KW - ornamental plant breeding ER - TY - JOUR TI - Susceptibility of Catalpa, Chilopsis, and hybrids to powdery mildew and catalpa sphinx larvae AU - Olsen, R. T. AU - Ranney, T. G. AU - Hodges, C. S. T2 - HortScience DA - 2006/// PY - 2006/// VL - 41 IS - 7 SP - 1629-1634 ER - TY - JOUR TI - PI525088-PMR, a melon race 1 powdery mildew-resistant watermelon line AU - Davis, A. R. AU - Levi, A. AU - Wehner, Todd AU - Pitrat, M. T2 - HortScience DA - 2006/// PY - 2006/// DO - 10.21273/hortsci.41.7.1527 VL - 41 IS - 7 SP - 1527–1528 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Effects of prohexadione-Ca and GA(4+7) on scarf skin and fruit maturity in apple AU - Mcartney, S. AU - Ferree, D. AU - Schmid, J. AU - Obermiller, J. D. AU - Green, A. T2 - HortScience DA - 2006/// PY - 2006/// VL - 41 IS - 7 SP - 1602-1605 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Qualitative inheritance of rind pattern and flesh color in watermelon AU - Gusmini, G AU - Wehner, TC T2 - JOURNAL OF HEREDITY AB - Watermelon [Citrullus lanatus (Thunb.) Matsum. & Nakai var. lanatus] is a diverse species, with fruits of different sizes, shapes, rind patterns, and flesh colors. This study measured the inheritance of novel rind phenotypes and verified the genetics of white, red, salmon yellow, and canary yellow flesh colors. For each of the 11 crosses, six generations (P(a)S1, P(b)S1, F1, F2, BC1P(a), and BC1P(b)) were produced to form 11 families. Three new genes were identified and designated as follows: Scr for the scarlet red flesh color of Dixielee and Red-N-Sweet, Yb for the yellow belly (ground spot) of Black Diamond Yellow Belly, and ins for the intermittent stripes of Navajo Sweet. The inheritance of the C gene for the canary yellow flesh color was verified as single dominant, and a new inbred type line was developed possessing that gene. Aberrations in the segregation of red, white, and salmon yellow flesh colors were recorded, raising questions on the inheritance of these traits. Finally, the spotted phenotype from Moon and Stars was combined with light green and gray rind patterns for the development of novel cultivars with distinctive rind patterns. DA - 2006/3// PY - 2006/3// DO - 10.1093/jhered/esj023 VL - 97 IS - 2 SP - 177-185 SN - 1465-7333 KW - Diabetes mellitus KW - Atherosclerosis KW - Coronary calcium KW - Ischaemia KW - Prognosis ER - TY - JOUR TI - Mechanism of resistance to clethodim in a johnsongrass (Sorghum halepense) biotype AU - Burke, Ian C. AU - Burton, James D. AU - York, Alan C. AU - Cranmer, John AU - Wilcut, John W. T2 - WEED SCIENCE AB - A biotype of johnsongrass cross resistant to clethodim, sethoxydim, quizalofop-P, and fluazifop-P was identified in several fields in Washington County, MS. Absorption, translocation, and metabolism studies using 14C-clethodim and acetyl-coenzyme A carboxylase (ACCase) activity assays were conducted to determine the resistance mechanism. Absorption of 14C-clethodim was higher in the resistant than the susceptible biotype 4 hours after treatment (HAT), but at 24, 48, and 72 HAT, similar levels of radioactivity were detected in both johnsongrass biotypes. Consequently, resistant plants had more radioactivity present in the treated leaves at 4 and 24 HAT. However, there was no difference between resistant and susceptible biotypes in the translocation of 14C out of the treated leaf at 4, 8, 24, 48, and 72 HAT as a percentage of total absorbed. Metabolism of clethodim was similar in the resistant and susceptible biotypes. There was no difference in the specific activity of ACCase from the susceptible and resistant johnsongrass biotypes (means of 0.221 and 0.223 nmol mg−1 protein min−1, respectively). ACCase from the susceptible biotype was sensitive to clethodim, with an I50 value of 0.29 μM clethodim. The ACCase enzyme from the resistant biotype was less sensitive, with an I50 value of 1.32 μM clethodim. The resultant R/S ratio for clethodim was 4.5. These results indicate that resistance to clethodim in this johnsongrass biotype resulted from an altered ACCase enzyme that confers resistance to clethodim. DA - 2006/// PY - 2006/// DO - 10.1614/WS-05-153R.1 VL - 54 IS - 3 SP - 401-406 SN - 1550-2759 KW - absorption KW - ACCase KW - enzyme activity KW - herbicide resistance KW - metabolism KW - translocation ER - TY - JOUR TI - Gaining producer buy-in for food safety and security in the United States AU - Osborne, D. J. AU - Sanders, D. C. AU - Ward, D. R. AU - Rushing, J. W. T2 - HortTechnology DA - 2006/// PY - 2006/// VL - 16 IS - 4 SP - 563-565 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Classification and identification of Xanthomonas translucens isolates, including those pathogenic to ornamental asparagus AU - Rademaker, J. L. W. AU - Norman, D. J. AU - Forster, R. L. AU - Louws, F. J. AU - Schultz, A. H. AU - Bruijn, F. J. T2 - PHYTOPATHOLOGY AB - ABSTRACT In order to confirm and refine the current classification scheme of Xanthomonas translucens and to identify novel strains from ornamental asparagus, a collection of field and reference strains was analyzed. Rep-polymerase chain reaction (PCR) genomic fingerprint profiles were generated from 33 isolates pathogenic to asparagus as well as 61 X. trans-lucens reference strains pathogenic to cereals and grasses. Amplified ribo-somal gene restriction analysis profiles were obtained from most of these and 29 additional Xanthomonas reference strains. Rep-PCR genomic fingerprint profiles of all strains were compared with those in a large Xanthomonas database using computer-assisted analysis. Rep-PCR ge-nomic fingerprinting facilitated the characterization and discrimination of X. translucens, including the pathovars arrhenatheri, graminis, phlei, phleipratensis, and poae, as well as a number of strains received as X. translucens pv. cerealis. Strains received as pathovars hordei, secalis, translucens, undulosa, and other cerealis strains were grouped in two subclusters that correspond to the recently redefined pathovars X. trans-lucens pvs. undulosa and translucens. All 33 novel isolates from ornamental asparagus (tree fern; Asparagus virgatus) were identified as X. translucens pv. undulosa. Moreover, a unique amplified small subunit ribosomal gene MspI/AluI restriction profile specific for all X. translucens strains tested, including those pathogenic to asparagus, allowed discrimination from all other Xanthomonas spp. Although phage tests were inconclusive, the classification of the asparagus strains within the X. translucens complex was supported by pathogenicity assays in which all the isolates from ornamental asparagus induced watersoaking on wheat. Surprisingly, several X. translucens reference strains affected asparagus tree fern as well. That the novel asparagus isolates belong to X. translucens pv. undulosa is extraordinary because all hosts of X. translucens pathovars described to date belong only to the families Gramineae and Poaceae, whereas asparagus belongs to the phylogenetically distant family Liliaceae. DA - 2006/8// PY - 2006/8// DO - 10.1094/PHYTO-96-0876 VL - 96 IS - 8 SP - 876-884 SN - 1943-7684 ER - TY - JOUR TI - XGordlinia grandiflora (Theaceae): An intergeneric hybrid between Franklinia alatamaha and Gordonia lasianthus AU - Ranney, T. G. AU - Fantz, P. R. T2 - HortScience DA - 2006/// PY - 2006/// VL - 41 IS - 6 SP - 1386-1388 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Inheritance of a new trait - Twin fuse fruit - in cucumber AU - Klosinska, U AU - Kozik, EU AU - Wehner, TC T2 - HORTSCIENCE AB - A new trait, twin fused fruit, was discovered in gynoecious cucumber ( Cucumis sativus L.) line B 5263. Plants with the twin fused fruit trait had two fruit fused into a single unit. In addition to having the twin fused fruit trait, line B 5263 had fruit with necks, large tubercles (warts), and dark green skin. The inheritance of twin fused fruit was studied in populations resulting from crosses between gynoecious line B 5263 (twin fused fruit) and monoecious line B 5404 (single fruit). Research was done in 1999 to 2001 in the greenhouses of the Research Institute of Vegetable Crops, Skierniewice, Poland. The F 1 progeny developed single fruit in all cases. The observed distribution of plant phenotypes in the F 2 fitted the expected ratio of 3 with single fruit: 1 with twin fused fruit. The observed distribution of plant phenotypes in the BC 1A fitted the expected ratio of 1 with single fruit: 1 with twin fused fruit. Twin fused fruit occurred only in gynoecious plants, and never in monoecious plants of the cross. In the F 2 progeny, the ratio of twin fused fruit within gynoecious plants fitted the expected ratio but the gene was not expressed in monoecious plants. In the F 2 generation, the observed distribution of plant phenotypes fitted the expected ratio of 9 gynoecious single: 4 monoecious single: 3 gynoecious twin fused: 0 monoecious twin fused, indicating that there was epistasis, with twin fused fruit hypostatic to monoecious. The new gene will be named tf ( twin fused fruit ). DA - 2006/4// PY - 2006/4// DO - 10.21273/hortsci.41.2.313 VL - 41 IS - 2 SP - 313-314 SN - 0018-5345 KW - Cucumis sativus KW - gene mutant KW - sex expression ER - TY - JOUR TI - Effects of lime sulfur and fish oil on pollen tube growth, leaf photosynthesis and fruit set in apple AU - McCartney, S. AU - Palmer, J. AU - Davies, S. AU - Seymour, S. T2 - HortScience DA - 2006/// PY - 2006/// VL - 41 IS - 2 SP - 357-360 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Development and evaluation of PCR-based diagnostic assays for the bacterial speck and bacterial spot pathogens of tomato AU - Cuppels, DA AU - Louws, FJ AU - Ainsworth, T T2 - PLANT DISEASE AB - Bacterial speck and bacterial spot lesions can easily be confused with each other and with those formed by other tomato pathogens. To facilitate disease diagnosis, we developed and evaluated polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based lesion assays using crude DNA extracts and primer sets COR1/2 (bacterial speck) and BSX1/2 (bacterial spot). All 29 pathogenic Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato strains tested produced a 689-bp amplicon with COR1/2; 28 of the 37 geographically diverse bacterial spot-causing xanthomonad (BSX) strains that were tested generated the 579-bp BSX1/2 amplicon. The detection limit with plant samples was 30 to 50 CFU/reaction. In a 6-year study, the COR1/2 PCR assay diverged from the culture-based classical assay for only 3 of 70 bacterial speck lesion samples collected from Ontario greenhouses and tomato fields; the BSX1/2 assay was positive for 112 of the 124 confirmed bacterial spot lesions sampled. The majority (66%) of the BSX strains isolated from these lesions belonged to group D; the 12 strains that were BSX1/2-negative belonged to group C. Group D strains produced a 425-bp PCR product with crude DNA extracts but a 579-bp product with purified DNA; the former was identical to the latter except that it was missing 150 bp from the middle of the 579-bp sequence. DA - 2006/4// PY - 2006/4// DO - 10.1094/PD-90-0451 VL - 90 IS - 4 SP - 451-458 SN - 1943-7692 KW - coronatine KW - rep-PCR KW - Xanthomonas gardneri ER - TY - JOUR TI - Responses of soil microbial biomass and N availability to transition strategies from conventional to organic farming systems AU - Tu, C AU - Louws, FJ AU - Creamer, NG AU - Mueller, JP AU - Brownie, C AU - Fager, K AU - Bell, M AU - Hu, SJ T2 - AGRICULTURE ECOSYSTEMS & ENVIRONMENT AB - Abstract Organic farming can enhance soil biodiversity, alleviate environmental concerns and improve food safety through eliminating the applications of synthetic chemicals. However, yield reduction due to nutrient limitation and pest incidence in the early stages of transition from conventional to organic systems is a major concern for organic farmers, and is thus a barrier to implementing the practice of organic farming. Therefore, identifying transition strategies that minimize yield loss is critical for facilitating the implementation of organic practices. Soil microorganisms play a dominant role in nutrient cycling and pest control in organic farming systems, and their responses to changes in soil management practices may critically impact crop growth and yield. Here we examined soil microbial biomass and N supply in response to several strategies for transitioning from conventional to organic farming systems in a long-term field experiment in Goldsboro, NC, USA. The transitional strategies included one fully organic strategy (ORG) and four reduced-input strategies (withdrawal of each or gradual reduction of major conventional inputs—synthetic fertilizers, pesticides (insecticides/fungicides), and herbicides), with a conventional practice (CNV) serving as a control. Microbial biomass and respiration rate were more sensitive to changes in soil management practices than total C and N. In the first 2 years, the ORG was most effective in enhancing soil microbial biomass C and N among the transition strategies, but was accompanied with high yield losses. By the third year, soil microbial biomass C and N in the reduced-input transition strategies were statistically significantly greater than those in the CNV (averaging 32 and 35% higher, respectively), although they were slightly lower than those in the ORG (averaging 13 and 17% lower, respectively). Soil microbial respiration rate and net N mineralization in all transitional systems were statistically significantly higher than those in the CNV (averagely 83 and 66% greater, respectively), with no differences among the various transition strategies. These findings suggest that the transitional strategies that partially or gradually reduce conventional inputs can serve as alternatives that could potentially minimize economic hardships as well as benefit microbial growth during the early stages of transition to organic farming systems. DA - 2006/4// PY - 2006/4// DO - 10.1016/j.agee.2005.09.013 VL - 113 IS - 1-4 SP - 206-215 SN - 1873-2305 KW - conventional farming system KW - microbial biomass KW - nitrogen supply KW - organic farming system KW - reduced-input transition strategy ER - TY - JOUR TI - Pollen grains of heat tolerant tomato cultivars retain higher carbohydrate concentration under heat stress conditions AU - Firon, N. AU - Shaked, R. AU - Peet, M. M. AU - Pharr, D. M. AU - Zamski, E. AU - Rosenfeld, K. AU - Althan, L. AU - Pressman, E. T2 - SCIENTIA HORTICULTURAE AB - Exposure to high temperatures (heat stress) causes reduced yield in tomatoes (Lycopersicon esculentum), mainly by affecting male gametophyte development. Two experiments were conducted where several tomato cultivars were grown under heat stress, in growth chambers (day/night temperatures of 31/25 °C) or in greenhouses (day/night temperatures of 32/26 °C), or under control (day/night temperatures of 28/22 °C) conditions. In heat-sensitive cultivars, heat stress caused a reduction in the number of pollen grains, impaired their viability and germinability, caused reduced fruit set and markedly reduced the numbers of seeds per fruit. In the heat-tolerant cultivars, however, the number and quality of pollen grains, the number of fruits and the number of seeds per fruit were less affected by high temperatures. In all the heat-sensitive cultivars, the heat-stress conditions caused a marked reduction in starch concentration in the developing pollen grains at 3 days before anthesis, and a parallel decrease in the total soluble sugar concentration in the mature pollen, whereas in the four heat-tolerant cultivars tested, starch accumulation at 3 days before anthesis and soluble sugar concentration at anthesis were not affected by heat stress. These results indicate that the carbohydrate content of developing and mature tomato pollen grains may be an important factor in determining pollen quality, and suggest that heat-tolerant cultivars have a mechanism for maintaining the appropriate carbohydrate content under heat stress. DA - 2006/7/21/ PY - 2006/7/21/ DO - 10.1016/j.scienta.2006.03.007 VL - 109 IS - 3 SP - 212-217 SN - 0304-4238 KW - Lycopersicon esculentum KW - cultivars KW - heat stress KW - heat tolerance KW - pollen quality KW - starch KW - sugars KW - tomato ER - TY - JOUR TI - Physically based molecular device model in a transient circuit simulator AU - Kriplani, Nikhil M. AU - Nackashi, David P. AU - Amsinck, Christian J. AU - Di Spigna, Neil H. AU - Steer, Michael B. AU - Franzon, Paul D. AU - Rick, Ramon L. AU - Solomon, Gemma C. AU - Reimers, Jeffrey R. T2 - CHEMICAL PHYSICS AB - Abstract Two efficient, physically based models for the real-time simulation of molecular device characteristics of single molecules are developed. These models assume that through-molecule tunnelling creates a steady-state Lorentzian distribution of excess electron density on the molecule and provides for smooth transitions for the electronic degrees of freedom between the tunnelling, molecular-excitation, and charge-hopping transport regimes. They are implemented in the f REEDA™ transient circuit simulator to allow for the full integration of nanoscopic molecular devices in standard packages that simulate entire devices including CMOS circuitry. Methods are presented to estimate the parameters used in the models via either direct experimental measurement or density-functional calculations. The models require 6–8 orders of magnitude less computer time than do full a priori simulations of the properties of molecular components. Consequently, molecular components can be efficiently implemented in circuit simulators. The molecular-component models are tested by comparison with experimental results reported for 1,4-benzenedithiol. DA - 2006/7/11/ PY - 2006/7/11/ DO - 10.1016/j.chemphys.2006.03.003 VL - 326 IS - 1 SP - 188-196 SN - 1873-4421 KW - molecular electronics KW - circuit simulator KW - density-functional theory KW - 1,4-benzenedithiol KW - single-molecule conductivity ER - TY - JOUR TI - Measuring community shifts in a weed seedbank study with the use of distance-based redundancy analysis AU - Reberg-Horton, Chris AU - Gallandt, Eric R. AU - Molloy, Tom T2 - WEED SCIENCE AB - Distance-based redundancy analysis (db-RDA), a recently developed ordination technique useful for both multivariate hypothesis testing and data interpretation, was used to evaluate treatment effects on weed communities in a long-term study of alternative potato cropping systems. The experiment consisted of a factorial arrangement of three pest management systems, conventional (CON), reduced input (RI), and biointensive (BIO), two soil management systems (amended vs. unamended), and two crop-rotation entry points. Soil samples collected in the spring of 1998 were subjected to exhaustive germination as a means of characterizing the weed community. Using partial ordinations, each factor in the factorial treatment structure was tested separately, revealing a significant interaction between pest and soil management systems. An ordination diagram of the pest by soil management interaction was used to interpret the results. Weed species that were highly correlated with the first two ordination axes included: common lambsquarters, broadleaf plantain, oakleaf goosefoot, common hempnettle and a complex of the Brassicaceae that included wild mustard, birdsrape mustard, and wild radish. Univariate analyses confirmed the response of these species to the factors examined. The BIO pest management system showed a different response to soil amendments than the other systems. Soil amendments caused an increase in the total weed density in the CON and RI systems, but caused a decrease in the BIO system. Given the need for better multivariate hypothesis testing and data interpretation in many types of weed science research, the use of db-RDA is expected to grow. DA - 2006/// PY - 2006/// DO - 10.1614/WS-05-148R1.1 VL - 54 IS - 5 SP - 861-866 SN - 0043-1745 KW - multivariate analysis KW - ordination KW - weed community ER - TY - JOUR TI - Effect of cyclanilide, ethephong auxin transport inhibitors, and temperature on whole plant defoliation AU - Pedersen, M. K. AU - Burton, J. D. AU - Coble, H. D. T2 - Crop Science DA - 2006/// PY - 2006/// DO - 10.2135/cropsci2005.07.0189 VL - 46 IS - 4 SP - 1666-1672 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Deterministic nanowire fanout and interconnect without any critical translational alignment AU - Di Spigna, Neil H. AU - Nackashi, David P. AU - Amsinck, Christian J. AU - Sonkusale, Sachin R. AU - Franzon, Paul D. T2 - IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NANOTECHNOLOGY AB - Interfacing the nanoworld with the microworld represents a critical challenge to fully integrated nanosystems. Solutions to this problem have generally required either nanoprecision alignment or stochastic assembly. A design is presented that allows complete and deterministic fanout of regular arrays of wires from the nano- to the microworld without the need for any critical translational alignment steps. For example, deterministically connecting 10-nm wires directly to 3-mum wires would require a translational alignment to within only about 6 mum. The design also allows for nanowire interconnect and is independent of the technology used to fabricate the nanowires, enabling technologies for which alignment remains very challenging. The impact of potential fabrication errors is analyzed and a structure is fabricated that demonstrates the feasibility of such a design DA - 2006/7// PY - 2006/7// DO - 10.1109/TNANO.2006.876926 VL - 5 IS - 4 SP - 356-361 SN - 1941-0085 KW - alignment KW - crossbar architectures KW - fanout KW - interconnect KW - nanoscale interfacing KW - nanotechnology ER - TY - JOUR TI - A population-based latent variable approach for association mapping of quantitative trait loci AU - Wang, T AU - Weir, B AU - Zeng, ZB T2 - ANNALS OF HUMAN GENETICS AB - Summary A population‐based latent variable approach is proposed for association mapping of quantitative trait loci (QTL), using multiple closely linked genetic markers within a small candidate region in the genome. By incorporating QTL as latent variables into a penetrance model, the QTL are flexible to characterize either alleles at putative trait loci or potential risk haplotypes/sub‐haplotypes of the markers. Under a general likelihood framework, we develop an EM‐based algorithm to estimate genetic effects of the QTL and haplotype frequencies of the QTL and markers jointly. Closed form solutions derived in the maximization step of the EM procedure for updating the joint haplotype frequencies of QTL and markers can effectively reduce the computational intensity. Various association measures between QTL and markers can then be derived from the haplotype frequencies of markers and used to infer QTL positions. The likelihood ratio statistic also provides a joint test for association between a quantitative trait and marker genotypes without requiring adjustment for the multiple testing. Extensive simulation studies are performed to evaluate the approach. DA - 2006/7// PY - 2006/7// DO - 10.1111/j.1469-1809.2006.00264.x VL - 70 SP - 506-523 SN - 0003-4800 KW - association mapping KW - maximum likelihood KW - haplotype KW - latent variable KW - EM algorithm ER - TY - JOUR TI - 4x-2x potato clones with resistance or susceptibility to internal heat necrosis differ in tuber mineral status AU - Sterrett, S. B. AU - Haynes, K. G. AU - Yencho, G. C. AU - Henninger, M. R. AU - Vinyard, B. T. T2 - CROP SCIENCE AB - Internal heat necrosis (IHN) is a physiological disorder resulting in necrotic tissue in the pith of potato ( Solanum spp.) tubers. Susceptibility is associated with localized Ca deficiency within the tuber, but Ca availability may be influenced by other nutrients. Studies in Virginia, North Carolina, and New Jersey in 2001 and 2002 determined the influence of soil‐applied Ca on tuber yield, specific gravity (SG), IHN, and nutrient concentration. Furrow‐applied Ca sulfate (448 kg ha −1 Ca) was applied to IHN resistant or susceptible interspecific 4×–2× S. tuberosum L. ( tbr ) × S. phureja Juz. & Bukasov– S. stenotomum Juz. & Bukasov hybrids. Tuber yield, SG, incidence and severity of IHN, and pith concentrations of P, K, Mg, Ca, S, Na, Zn, Mn, Cu, and Fe were determined. Clones differed significantly for yield, SG, and IHN expression. Resistant clones were lower in IHN incidence than susceptible clones, but the clone × Ca interaction was not consistently significant within location–years. Incidence was fit with a classification and regression tree (CART) model with the 10 nutrients as regressors, which revealed that IHN‐resistant clones had higher tuber concentrations of Mn and S, but lower P. These results suggest that resistance or susceptibility to IHN is a complex function of tuber tissue mineral status. Mn, S, and P may make a more important contribution to clonal IHN resistance than Ca. Additional work is needed to verify the potential for minimizing IHN by either nutrient management or genetic enhancement. DA - 2006/// PY - 2006/// DO - 10.2135/cropsci2005.06-0093 VL - 46 IS - 4 SP - 1471-1478 SN - 1435-0653 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Supercritical-carbon dioxide-assisted cyclic deposition of metal oxide and metal thin films AU - Barua, D AU - Gougousi, T AU - Young, ED AU - Parsons, GN T2 - APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS AB - Thin films of aluminum oxide and palladium were deposited on silicon at low temperatures (70–120°C) by a cyclic adsorption/reaction processes using supercritical CO2 solvent. Precursors included Al(hfac)3, Al(acac)3, and Pd(hfac)2, and aqueous H2O2, tert-butyl peracetate, and H2 were used as the oxidants or reductants. For the precursors studied, growth proceeds through a multilayer precursor adsorption in each deposition cycle, and film thickness increased linearly with the number of growth cycles. DA - 2006/2/27/ PY - 2006/2/27/ DO - 10.1063/1.2181651 VL - 88 IS - 9 SP - SN - 1077-3118 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Response of five summer-squash (Cucurbita pepo) cultivars to halosulfuron AU - Starke, Keith D. AU - Monks, David W. AU - Mitchem, Wayne E. AU - Macrae, Andrew W. T2 - WEED TECHNOLOGY AB - Response of ‘Dixie’, ‘Lemondrop’, ‘Multipik’, ‘Superpik’, and ‘Seneca Prolific’ summer squash to halosulfuron PRE or POST at 0.036, 0.053, and 0.072 kg ai/ha, or halosulfuron PRE fb halosulfuron POST at 0.018 fb 0.018, 0.027 fb 0.027, and 0.036 fb 0.036 kg/ha was field evaluated in 1997 and 1998. All halosulfuron treatments and rates reduced the height of cultivars 17–19% at 6 WAP (weeks after planting) and summer-squash injury (chlorosis and necrosis of crop foliage) was 6, 14, and 11% from halosulfuron PRE, POST, and PRE fb POST, respectively. Early summer-squash flowering was reduced 32–82% by halosulfuron, resulting in reduced early yields. Dixie was the cultivar most tolerant to halosulfuron. Early flowering of Dixie was reduced 32–36% compared to 32–82% for the other cultivars. Marketable yield of summer squash was reduced 20–30% by all rates of halosulfuron when averaged over all application timings. Marketable yield of Seneca Prolific, Superpik, Dixie, Multipik, and Lemondrop was reduced 0–17% by halosulfuron PRE. Halosulfuron POST or PRE fb POST reduced marketable yield of all summer-squash cultivars by 25–46%. Thus, summer squash was not tolerant of POST halosulfuron; however, Dixie, Multipik, Seneca Prolific, and Superpik exhibited tolerance to halosulfuron PRE. DA - 2006/// PY - 2006/// DO - 10.1614/WT-03-144R3.1 VL - 20 IS - 3 SP - 617-621 SN - 0890-037X ER - TY - JOUR TI - Multiple-interval mapping for ordinal traits AU - Li, Jian AU - Wang, Shengchu AU - Zeng, Zhao-Bang T2 - GENETICS AB - Many statistical methods have been developed to map multiple quantitative trait loci (QTL) in experimental cross populations. Among these methods, multiple-interval mapping (MIM) can map QTL with epistasis simultaneously. However, the previous implementation of MIM is for continuously distributed traits. In this study we extend MIM to ordinal traits on the basis of a threshold model. The method inherits the properties and advantages of MIM and can fit a model of multiple QTL effects and epistasis on the underlying liability score. We study a number of statistical issues associated with the method, such as the efficiency and stability of maximization and model selection. We also use computer simulation to study the performance of the method and compare it to other alternative approaches. The method has been implemented in QTL Cartographer to facilitate its general usage for QTL mapping data analysis on binary and ordinal traits. DA - 2006/7// PY - 2006/7// DO - 10.1534/genetics.105.054619 VL - 173 IS - 3 SP - 1649-1663 SN - 0016-6731 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Interdisciplinary and multilevel approach to organic and sustainable agriculture education at North Carolina State University AU - Schroeder, M. S. AU - Creamer, N. G. AU - Linker, H. M. AU - Mueller, J. P. AU - Rzewnicki, P. T2 - HortTechnology DA - 2006/// PY - 2006/// VL - 16 IS - 3 SP - 418-426 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Effect of eastern black nightshade (Solanum ptycanthum) on transplanted plasticulture tomato grade and yield AU - Buckelew, Juliana K. AU - Monks, David W. T2 - WEED SCIENCE AB - Field experiments were conducted to determine density-dependent effects of eastern black nightshade season-long interference on tomato-yield loss when growing in-row with staked plasticulture tomato. Eastern black nightshade was transplanted at densities of zero, one, two, three, four, or five plants per crop plant hole in the plastic. Eastern black nightshade densities of one to five reduced the number and weight of larger fruit grades (threes, extra larges, jumbos, marketables, totals) similarly but did not reduce yields of smaller fruit grades (culls, mediums, and larges) from the weed-free. Eastern black nightshade reduced percent yield loss of jumbo grade, the premium grade, which could be predicted by a rectangular hyperbola model. The value ($ ha−1) of jumbo fruit and the value of the sum of large, extra large, and jumbo grade was reduced at densities of eastern black nightshade as low as one plant per hole. DA - 2006/// PY - 2006/// DO - 10.1614/WS-05-037R.1 VL - 54 IS - 3 SP - 504-508 SN - 1550-2759 KW - additive design KW - competition KW - economic threshold KW - interference KW - yield loss ER - TY - JOUR TI - Eastern black nightshade (Solanum ptycanthum) reproduction and interference in transplanted plasticulture tomato AU - Buckelew, Juliana K. AU - Monks, David W. AU - Jennings, Katherine M. AU - Hoyt, Greg D. AU - Walls, Robert F., Jr. T2 - WEED SCIENCE AB - Studies were conducted to determine the effect of in-row eastern black nightshade establishment and removal timings in plasticulture tomato on tomato yield loss and nightshade berry production and seed viability. Eastern black nightshade was transplanted at 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, and 12 wk after tomato planting (WAP) and remained until tomato harvest, or was established at tomato planting and removed at 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, and 12 WAP to determine the critical weed-free periods. Eastern black nightshade seed viability increased with berry size and with length of establishment or removal time. The critical weed-free period to avoid viable nightshade seed production was 3–6 WAP. Tomato yield decreased with early weed establishment or with delayed time of weed removal. The critical weed-free period to avoid greater than 20% tomato yield loss for the sum weight of extra large and jumbo grades was 28 to 50 d after tomato transplanting. DA - 2006/// PY - 2006/// DO - 10.1614/WS-05-060R.1 VL - 54 IS - 3 SP - 490-495 SN - 1550-2759 KW - critical period KW - interference KW - models KW - weed-free period KW - viable seed production ER - TY - JOUR TI - Container type and volume influences adventitious rooting and subsequent field growth of stem cuttings of loblolly pine AU - LeBude, A. V. AU - Goldfarb, B. AU - Blazich, F. A. AU - Wright, J. A. AU - Cazell, B. AU - Wise, F. C. AU - Frampton, J. T2 - Southern Journal of Applied Forestry DA - 2006/// PY - 2006/// VL - 30 IS - 3 SP - 123-131 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Plum Crimson, fresh-market plum tomato hybrid and its parents, NC EBR-7 and NC EBR-8 AU - Gardner, R. G. T2 - HortScience DA - 2006/// PY - 2006/// VL - 41 IS - 1 SP - 259-260 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Mountain Crest, hybrid tomato and its parent, NC 1 rinEC AU - Gardner, R. G. T2 - HortScience DA - 2006/// PY - 2006/// VL - 41 IS - 1 SP - 261-262 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Validation of two major quantitative trait loci for fusarium head blight resistance in Chinese wheat line W14 AU - Chen, J AU - Griffey, CA AU - Maroof, MAS AU - Stromberg, EL AU - Biyashev, RM AU - Zhao, W AU - Chappell, MR AU - Pridgen, TH AU - Dong, Y AU - Zeng, Z T2 - PLANT BREEDING AB - Abstract Identity of quantitative trait loci (QTL) governing resistance to fusarium head blight (FHB) initial infection (type I), spread (type II), kernel infection, and deoxynivalenol (DON) accumulation was characterized in Chinese wheat line W14. Ninety‐six double‐haploid lines derived from a cross of W14 × ’Pion2684’ were evaluated for FHB resistance in two greenhouse and one field experiment. Two known major QTL were validated on chromosomes 3BS and 5AS in W14 using the composite interval mapping method. The 3BS QTL had a larger effect on resistance than the 5AS QTL in the greenhouse experiments, whereas, the 5AS QTL had a larger effect in the field experiment. These two QTL together explained 33%, 35%, and 31% of the total phenotypic variation for disease spread, kernel infection, and DON concentration in the greenhouse experiments, respectively. In the field experiment, the two QTL explained 34% and 26% of the total phenotypic variation for FHB incidence and severity, respectively. W14 has both QTL, which confer reduced initial infection, disease spread, kernel infection, and DON accumulation. Therefore, marker‐assisted selection (MAS) for both QTL should be implemented in incorporating W14 resistance into adapted backgrounds. Flanking markers Xbarc 133 and Xgwm 493 on 3BS and Xbarc 117 and Xbarc 56 on 5AS are suggested for MAS. DA - 2006/2// PY - 2006/2// DO - 10.1111/j.1439-0523.2006.01182.x VL - 125 IS - 1 SP - 99-101 SN - 1439-0523 KW - Triticum aestivum KW - Fusarium head blight KW - microsatellite KW - QTL mapping ER - TY - JOUR TI - Hyacinth height bulb soaks of control using preplant flurprimidol AU - Krug, BA AU - Whipker, BE AU - McCall, I T2 - HORTTECHNOLOGY AB - Eight experiments were conducted to develop height control protocols for greenhouse-forced hyacinth ( Hyacinthus orientalis ) bulbs. `Pink Pearl' hyacinth bulbs were treated with flurprimidol preplant bulb soaks to determine optimal timing of treatment, soak duration, quantity of bulbs that could be treated before the solution lost efficacy, bulb location of solution uptake, and if higher concentrations of flurprimidol can be used to overcome stretch that occurs with extended cold treatment. No difference in height control occurred when bulbs were soaked in flurprimidol the day of, 1 day before, or 7 days before potting; therefore, growers can treat bulbs up to 1 week before potting with no difference in height control. All preplant bulb soak durations of 1, 5, 10, 20, or 40 min controlled plant height. Any soak durations ≥1.3 min resulted in similar height control, which would provide growers with a flexible time frame of 2 to 40 min in which to soak the bulbs. When 1 L of 20 mg·L -1 flurprimidol solution was used repeatedly over 20 batches of five bulbs, solution efficacy was similar from the first batch to the last batch, indicating the soak solution of flurprimidol can be used repeatedly without loss of efficacy. Soak solution temperature was also tested to determine its effect on flurprimidol and paclobutrazol uptake. Temperature of the soak solution (8, 16, or 24 °C) had no effect on flurprimidol and only at a temperature of 8 °C was the efficacy of paclobutrazol lower. Postharvest heights of `Pink Pearl' hyacinths were similar whether only the top, bottom, or the entire bulb was soaked. Control provided by flurprimidol, paclobutrazol, or uniconazole preplant bulb soaks varied among the three hyacinth cultivars Delft Blue, Jan Bos, and Pink Pearl, so growers will have to conduct their own trials to determine optimal cultivar response to preplant bulb soaks. Also, `Pacino' sunflowers ( Helianthus annuus ) were treated with residual soak solution of flurprimidol to determine if substrate drenches could be used as a disposal method. Fresh and residual solutions of flurprimidol (1.18, 2.37, or 4.73 mg/pot a.i.) applied to `Pacino' sunflowers were similar in their efficacy of controlling height, which would enable growers to avoid disposal problems of residual soak solutions. DA - 2006/// PY - 2006/// DO - 10.21273/horttech.16.2.0370 VL - 16 IS - 2 SP - 370-375 SN - 1943-7714 KW - bonzi KW - paclobutrazol KW - piccolo KW - plant growth regulators KW - sumagic KW - topflor KW - uniconazole ER - TY - JOUR TI - Flurprimidol substrate drenches and foliar sprays control growth of 'Blue Champion' exacum AU - Whipker, BE AU - McCall, I AU - Krug, BA T2 - HORTTECHNOLOGY AB - Flurprimidol was applied as a foliar spray (12.5, 25.0, 37.5, 50.0, or 62.5 mg·L -1 ) or as a substrate drench (0.015, 0.03, 0.06, 0.12, or 0.24 mg/pot a.i.) to determine its efficacy on `Blue Champion' exacum ( Exacum affine ). Flurprimidol substrate drenches were more consistent in controlling plant growth than foliar sprays. Substrate drenches of 0.03 mg/pot a.i. or foliar sprays ≥50 mg·L -1 resulted in smaller plant heights and diameters than the untreated control. With the use of flurprimidol, exacum growers have another plant growth regulator (PGR) available to control excessive growth. DA - 2006/// PY - 2006/// DO - 10.21273/horttech.16.2.0354 VL - 16 IS - 2 SP - 354-356 SN - 1063-0198 KW - Exacum affine KW - growth retardant KW - persian violet KW - Topflor ER - TY - JOUR TI - Narcissus response to plant growth regulators AU - Krug, B. A. AU - Whipker, B. E. AU - McCall, I. AU - Dole, J. M. T2 - HortTechnology DA - 2006/// PY - 2006/// VL - 16 IS - 1 SP - 129-132 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Estimated costs of producing, harvesting, and marketing blackberries in the southeastern United States AU - Safley, C. D. AU - Boldea, O. AU - Fernandez, G. E. T2 - HortTechnology DA - 2006/// PY - 2006/// VL - 16 IS - 1 SP - 109-117 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Economic evaluation of methyl bromide alternatives for the production of strawberries in the southeastern United States AU - Sydorovych, O. AU - Safley, C. D. AU - Ferguson, L. M. AU - Poling, E. B. AU - Fernandez, G. E. AU - Brannen, P. A. AU - Monks, D. M. AU - Louws, F. J. T2 - HortTechnology DA - 2006/// PY - 2006/// VL - 16 IS - 1 SP - 118-128 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Construction of a watermelon BAC library and identification of SSRs anchored to melon or Arabidopsis genomes AU - Joobeur, T. AU - Gusmini, G. AU - Zhang, X. AU - Levi, A. AU - Xu, Y. AU - Wehner, T. C. AU - Oliver, M. AU - Dean, R. A. T2 - THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS DA - 2006/5// PY - 2006/5// DO - 10.1007/s00122-006-0258-6 VL - 112 IS - 8 SP - 1553-1562 SN - 1432-2242 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Models and partition of variance for quantitative trait loci with epistasis and linkage disequilibrium AU - Wang, T. AU - Zeng, Z. B. T2 - BMC Genetics DA - 2006/// PY - 2006/// VL - 7 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Gene targeting in plants: fingers on the move AU - Kumar, S AU - Allen, GC AU - Thompson, WF T2 - TRENDS IN PLANT SCIENCE AB - Zinc-finger endonucleases (ZFNs) make targeted double-stranded breaks in genomic DNA and, thus, stimulate recombination and repair processes at specific sites. ZFNs can now be harnessed to stimulate homologous recombination and gene targeting in plants, which represents a major step towards modifying the plant genome more precisely. ZFN-mediated gene targeting is likely to become a powerful tool for genome research and genetic engineering. DA - 2006/4// PY - 2006/4// DO - 10.1016/j.tplants.2006.02.002 VL - 11 IS - 4 SP - 159-161 SN - 1360-1385 ER -