TY - JOUR TI - Tactics and Targets: Explaining Shifts in Grassroots Environmental Resistance AU - Adams, Alison E. AU - Shriver, Thomas E. T2 - Social Currents AB - Corporate misconduct is often associated with environmental, political, and social problems, and the effects are often felt at the local level where disenfranchised residents may have less access to political power. We know that grassroots movements can take various tactical paths as they challenge elites, yet we aim to map the specific pathways that lead to shifts in tactical repertoires, especially as groups transition to increasingly confrontational tactics. Drawing from social movement theory on tactics and targets, along with environmental sociology literature on grassroots environmental organizing, we examine how the interplay with institutional movement targets affects local environmental resistance. The data for this research come from numerous sources, including in-depth interviews, archival materials, and news coverage of petrochemical contamination. Our findings show that grassroots shifts from insider to outsider tactics stem from a loss of trust in elite institutions and citizens’ understanding of the organization of power in society. We conclude by discussing how our research informs future social movement research by adding an important dimension to analyses of movement tactics—namely, the perceived relationship between activists and their institutional targets. DA - 2016/8/25/ PY - 2016/8/25/ DO - 10.1177/2329496516663225 VL - 4 IS - 3 SP - 265-281 J2 - Social Currents LA - en OP - SN - 2329-4965 2329-4973 UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2329496516663225 DB - Crossref ER - TY - ER - TY - JOUR TI - The Ambivalence of Maps: A Historical Perspective on Sensing and Representing Space in Mesoamerica AU - Millhauser, John K. AU - Morehart, Christopher T. T2 - Digital Methods and Remote Sensing in Archaeology AB - Imaging and spatial analysis technologies are revolutionizing archaeological methods and archaeologists’ perceptions of space. Rather than view these innovations as inevitable refinements and expansions of the archaeological toolkit, it is useful to critically assess their impacts on theory and practice. In this chapter, we consider what spatial data—data that appear to represent an objective reality—tell us about past and present human experiences of the physical world in terms of abstraction, temporality, and power. We draw on archaeological cases from MesoamericaMesoamerica to illustrate how these subjective perspectives on space are revealed through technological innovations and how historical and current efforts to map this region play out in the political sphere. DA - 2016/// PY - 2016/// DO - 10.1007/978-3-319-40658-9_11 SP - 247-268 ER - TY - CHAP TI - Aztec Use of Lake Resources in the Basin of Mexico AU - Nichols, Deborah L. AU - Rodríguez-Alegría, Enrique AU - Milhauser, John K. T2 - The Oxford Handbook of the Aztecs PY - 2016/// DO - 10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199341962.001.0001/oxfordhb-9780199341962-e-37 PB - Oxford University Press UR - http://www.oxfordhandbooks.com/view/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199341962.001.0001/oxfordhb-9780199341962-e-37 ER - TY - CHAP TI - Divorce Divide in the United States AU - Manzoni, A. AU - Grether, S. T2 - The Wiley Blackwell Encyclopedia of Family Studies A2 - Shehan, Constance L. AB - Abstract In the United States, divorce rates have been increasing for the poor and low‐educated while they have been decreasing for the wealthy and high‐educated since the 1990s. These divergent trends in divorce rates by education and social class are referred to as the divorce divide. Explanations for the divorce divide have been linked to educational homogamy, an increase in age at first marriage, and changes to the institution of marriage, including the decoupling of childbearing from marriage. The perpetuation of socioeconomic inequality, class differences in family formation, boundary maintenance between social groups, and the intergenerational transmission of social and genetic traits are some of the implications of the divorce divide. PY - 2016/2/23/ DO - 10.1002/9781119085621.wbefs074 PB - John Wiley & Sons, Inc. ER - TY - JOUR TI - Intergenerational Financial Transfers and Young Adults’ Transitions In and Out of the Parental Home AU - Manzoni, Anna T2 - Social Currents AB - Over the last few decades, youth have been delaying leaving the parental home and increasingly returning to it, often making these transitions for reasons other than marrying, such as to pursue education or employment. Concurrently, parental financial support to their young adult children has risen, partly redefining the meaning of residential independence, a major marker of the transition to adulthood. Using data from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health and Markov models, I examine transitions into and out of the parental home and their association with intergenerational financial transfers. Results show high prevalence of partial independence—that is, not living with parents but receiving financial assistance from them—with significant differences depending on college attendance and socioeconomic status (SES). Attending a four-year college increases the likelihood that youth subsequently live independently without parental financial support, although monetary transfers throughout college weaken the effect. Youth from high SES are more likely to leave the parental home, but typically with financial assistance from their parents; their higher likelihood of continued financial dependence raises concerns of prolonged dependence. Results also suggest that full or partial independence may lead youth from lower socioeconomic backgrounds into renewed dependence on their parents, later. DA - 2016/7/31/ PY - 2016/7/31/ DO - 10.1177/2329496515616822 VL - 3 IS - 4 SP - 349-366 J2 - Social Currents LA - en OP - SN - 2329-4965 2329-4973 UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2329496515616822 DB - Crossref ER - TY - BOOK TI - Violence : from theory to research AU - Zahn, Margaret A. AU - Brownstein, Henry H. AU - Jackson, Shelly L. AB - Part I: Introduction Violence: From Theory to Research Part II: Theories of Violence 1. Toward a Social Learning Model of Violence and Terrorism 2. A General Strain Theory Approach to Violence 3. Control Balance Theory and Violence 4. A Rational-Choice Approach to Violence 5. Social Disorganization and Violence 6. Toward a Radical Ecology of Urban Violence 7. The Basic Routine Activity Approach to Crime Analysis 8. Feminist Theories of Violent Behavior 9. Violent Structures Part III: Applying Theories to Substance 10. Intimate Partner Violence and Sexual Assault 11. Youth Violence: An Overview 12. A Summary of Research on Drug-Related Violence 13. Modern Lynchings 14. Hate Violence 15. Terrorist Violence Part IV: Conclusion The Need for a Theory of Violence DA - 2016/// PY - 2016/// DO - 10.4324/9781315721231 PB - Routledge SN - 9781138175983 9781583605615 9781315721231 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Да водиш нормален живот: коментари върху революцията, колективността и социалната дистинкция в Украйна AU - Carroll, J. T2 - Критика и Хуманизъм/Critique & Humanism DA - 2016/// PY - 2016/// VL - 45 IS - 1 SP - 69–88 ER - TY - CONF TI - Dima Had to Live and Then Had to Die: Sovereignty, Citizenship, and the Addict’s Right to Health in Ukraine AU - Carroll, Jennifer T2 - 115th Annual Meeting of the American Anthropological Association C2 - 2016/11/16/ CY - Minneapolis, MN DA - 2016/11/16/ PY - 2016/11/16/ ER - TY - CONF TI - Governing Difference: Shifting Citizenship Regimes and the Politics of Belonging AU - Carroll, Jennifer T2 - Soyuz Symposium C2 - 2016/3/11/ CY - Chicago, IL DA - 2016/3/11/ PY - 2016/3/11/ ER - TY - CONF TI - Civil Society and Activism During and Since Maidan AU - Carroll, J. T2 - 21st Annual World Convention of the Association for the Study of Nationalities C2 - 2016/4/14/ CY - New York, NY DA - 2016/4/14/ PY - 2016/4/14/ ER - TY - BLOG TI - Black Lives Matter Doesn’t Need to Be Polite—It Needs Us to Remember AU - Carroll, Jennifer T2 - The Establishment DA - 2016/8/4/ PY - 2016/8/4/ UR - https://medium.com/the-establishment/black-lives-matter-doesnt-need-to-be-polite-it-needs-us-to-remember-4866fd145d6f ER - TY - CONF TI - Power Struggles: Addiction, War, and Other Forms of Conflict in Ukraine. AU - Carroll, Jennifer T2 - 21st Annual World Convention of the Association for the Study of Nationalities C2 - 2016/4/15/ CY - New York, NY DA - 2016/4/15/ PY - 2016/4/15/ ER - TY - JOUR TI - Why Does Healthcare for People Who Use Drugs in Ukraine Continue to Fail? = Чому система охорони здоров’я в Україні далі іґнорує тих, хто вживає наркотики? AU - Carroll, Jennifer T2 - Krytyka = Крутика DA - 2016/10/26/ PY - 2016/10/26/ VL - 20 IS - 7-8 SP - 24-29 ER - TY - BOOK TI - Blind Spot: How Neoliberalism Infiltrated Global Health. By Salmaan Keshavjee. Oakland: University of California Press, 2014. xxxviii. 240.pp. Notes. Bibliography. Index. $29.95, paperback. AU - Carroll, Jennifer AU - Keshavjee, Salmaan DA - 2016/// PY - 2016/// VL - 33 SE - 96–98 UR - https://scholarworks.iu.edu/journals/index.php/aeer/article/view/20851/27911 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Writing Grief: Death and Bereavement in Ethnographic Texts AU - Carroll, Jennifer T2 - Medicine Anthropology Theory DA - 2016/// PY - 2016/// VL - 3 IS - 2 UR - http://www.medanthrotheory.org/article/view/5645/7466 ER - TY - CONF TI - Power Struggles: Addiction, War, and Other Conflicts in Ukraine AU - Carroll, Jennifer T2 - Health, Society, and Populations Program C2 - 2016/3/24/ CY - University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY DA - 2016/3/24/ PY - 2016/3/24/ ER - TY - BOOK TI - The Politics of Health Equity in Europe A3 - Carroll, Jennifer A3 - McNamara, Courtney DA - 2016/10/31/ PY - 2016/10/31/ VL - 1 UR - https://www.europenowjournal.org/issues/issue-1/ ER - TY - BOOK TI - Challenges of Health, Demographic Changes, and Wellbeing in Post-socialist States A3 - Carroll, Jennifer A3 - Wierciński, Hubert DA - 2016/// PY - 2016/// VL - 34 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Symbolic Politics of the State AU - Ovink, Sarah M. AU - Ebert, Kim AU - Okamoto, Dina T2 - Socius: Sociological Research for a Dynamic World AB - A symbolic politics approach contends that the meanings policy proposals convey, and the audiences they attract, may matter more than whether they become law. Yet, we know little about the sociopolitical conditions prompting lawmakers to engage in symbolic politics. Using a new data set, we analyze proposals to expand or restrict in-state college tuition for undocumented students and find that national events—House of Representatives Bill 4437 and concurrent immigrant rights protests—encouraged state lawmakers to introduce exclusionary proposals, particularly in states with low shares of immigrants. Our findings indicate that “big events” moderate the influence of state sociopolitical conditions on symbolic political activity. DA - 2016/1/1/ PY - 2016/1/1/ DO - 10.1177/2378023116647969 VL - 2 SP - 237802311664796 UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2378023116647969 ER - TY - JOUR TI - The Bright Future Without You AU - Carroll, J. T2 - Anthropology News DA - 2016/1/14/ PY - 2016/1/14/ UR - http://jenniferjcarroll.net/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/BrigntFutureWIthoutYou.pdf ER - TY - JOUR TI - For lack of wanting: Discourses of desire in Ukrainian opiate substitution therapy programs AU - Carroll, Jennifer J. T2 - Transcultural Psychiatry AB - Available treatments for addiction and substance abuse in Ukraine have been shaped by the economic, political, and social shifts that have followed the country's independence. The introduction of methadone-based opiate substitution therapy (OST) for opiate addicts is especially representative of this. Biomedical paradigms of addiction, its etiology, and its treatment, promoted and paid for by international donors and elite global health entities, are being met by Ukrainian notions of personhood and psychology in both public discourse and clinical settings. Ukrainian physicians who work in OST programs frequently reference desire (желание) as the most significant factor in determining the success or failure of treatment. They refer to a desire to be treated, desire to get better, desire to live. The moralized imperative to possess this desire to get better is, in many ways, a reflection of how addiction and the addicted psyche is constructed and understood in the Ukrainian context. By exploring discourses of desire in narratives of addiction and treatment, I examine how notions of psychology, will, and self-control intersect, shaping the subjectivity, agency, and daily experiences of this vulnerable population. DA - 2016/// PY - 2016/// DO - 10.1177/1363461515581543 VL - 53 IS - 2 SP - 198–216 SN - 1363-4615 1461-7471 UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1363461515581543 KW - desire KW - disease narrative KW - drug addiction KW - methadone KW - opiate substitution therapy KW - Ukraine ER - TY - JOUR TI - Gendered differences in the perceived risks and benefits of oral PrEP among HIV-serodiscordant couples in Kenya AU - Carroll, Jennifer J. AU - Ngure, Kenneth AU - Heffron, Renee AU - Curran, Kathryn AU - Mugo, Nelly R. AU - Baeten, Jared M. T2 - AIDS Care AB - Pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) is effective for preventing HIV among HIV-serodiscordant heterosexual couples. Gender roles may influence perceived personal and social risks related to HIV-prevention behaviors and may affect use of PrEP. In this study, interviews and focus groups were conducted with 68 individuals from 34 mutually disclosed serodiscordant heterosexual partnerships in Thika, Kenya. Sociocultural factors that affect adherence to PrEP were explored using grounded analysis. Three factors were identified, which shape perceptions of PrEP: gendered power dynamics and control over decision-making in the household; conflicts between risk-reduction strategies and male sexual desire; culture-bound definitions of women's work. Adherence to PrEP in the Partners PrEP Study was high; however, participants articulated conflicting interests related to PrEP in connection with traditional gender roles. The successful delivery of PrEP will require understanding of key social factors, particularly related to gender and dyadic dynamics around HIV serostatus. DA - 2016/1/11/ PY - 2016/1/11/ DO - 10.1080/09540121.2015.1131972 VL - 28 IS - 8 SP - 1000-1006 J2 - AIDS Care LA - en OP - SN - 0954-0121 1360-0451 UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09540121.2015.1131972 DB - Crossref KW - HIV KW - antiretroviral therapy KW - Kenya KW - heterosexual couples KW - PrEP KW - qualitative ER - TY - JOUR TI - Perceived Risk Among Human Immunodeficiency Virus Serodiscordant Couples in East Africa Taking Oral Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis AU - Carroll, Jennifer J. AU - Heffron, Renee AU - Mugo, Nelly AU - Ngure, Kenneth AU - Ndase, Patrick AU - Asiimwe, Stephen AU - Celum, Connie AU - Baeten, Jared M. T2 - Sexually Transmitted Diseases AB - Objectives Perceived risk of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection is thought to drive low adherence in pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) trials. We explored the level of perceived risk of incident HIV infection in the Partners PrEP Study, in which adherence was generally high. Methods A cross-sectional questionnaire assessed perceived risk of HIV at 12 months after enrollment. Logistic regression was used to analyze the relationship between perceived risk and other demographic and behavioral variables. Results Three thousand two hundred twenty-six couples from the Partners PrEP Study were included in this analysis. Only 15.4% of participants reported high or moderate perceived risk. Participants at high risk of acquiring HIV were slightly more likely to report high perceived risk (odds ratio, 1.60; 95% confidence interval, 1.30–1.95; P < 0.001); nevertheless, only 20% of participants with high-risk reported high perceived risk. Conclusions Participants reported low perceived risk of HIV but were adherent to PrEP. Perceptions of risk are likely socially determined and more complex than Likert scale questionnaires capture. DA - 2016/8// PY - 2016/8// DO - 10.1097/olq.0000000000000472 VL - 43 IS - 8 SP - 471-475 J2 - Sexual Trans Dis LA - en OP - SN - 1537-4521 0148-5717 UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/olq.0000000000000472 DB - Crossref ER - TY - BOOK TI - The Social Value of Drug Addicts: Uses of the Useless by Merrill Singer and J. Bryan Page. Walnut Creek, CA:Left Coast Press, 2014. 248 pp. AU - Carroll, Jennifer J. AU - Singer, Merrill AU - Page, J. Bryan AB - American AnthropologistVolume 118, Issue 2 p. 452-453 BOOK REVIEWS The Social Value of Drug Addicts: Uses of the Useless by Merrill Singer and J. Bryan Page. Walnut Creek, CA: Left Coast Press, 2014. 248 pp. Jennifer J. Carroll, Jennifer J. Carroll Brown UniversitySearch for more papers by this author Jennifer J. Carroll, Jennifer J. Carroll Brown UniversitySearch for more papers by this author First published: 14 June 2016 https://doi.org/10.1111/aman.12545Read the full textAboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditWechat Volume118, Issue2June 2016Pages 452-453 RelatedInformation DA - 2016/6// PY - 2016/6// DO - 10.1111/aman.12545 VL - 118 PB - Wiley SE - 452–453 UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/aman.12545 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Using Community-Led Mini-Grant Projects to Increase Access to Healthy, Affordable Food and Places to be Active AU - Bowen, Sarah AU - Elliott, S. AU - Alford, Z. AU - Herrera, H. T2 - Journal of Nutrition Education and Behavior AB - ObjectiveVoices into Action: The Families, Food, and Health Project is a five-year, USDA-funded research and outreach project based out of North Carolina State University, North Carolina State University, A&T State University, and NC Cooperative Extension. Voices into Action (VIA) draws on community-based research to collaborate with community groups to improve access to healthy food and places to be active in three regions in North Carolina.Target AudienceVIA provided mini-grants to organizations working in Southeast Raleigh (in Wake County), western Harnett County, and Lee County to support community-led projects focused on improving access to food and opportunities for physical activity.Theory, Prior Research, RationaleBased on the socio-ecological model, mini-grants facilitate behavior change by creating long-term environmental changes. All projects are required to implement a policy or environmental change, build on or develop community partnerships, and include a plan for sustainability.DescriptionFifty-nine mini-grants were awarded over a four-year period (2013 – 2016). Projects vary in scope, and include community gardens, exercise programs, and nutrition education classes. Mini-grant recipients also receive technical assistance, including support with project impact.EvaluationGrantees were interviewed before and after implementing mini-grant projects. Interviews indicate that the experience increased organizations’ connections to community resources, fostered community partnerships, and enhanced organizational capacity. However, organizations’ success and capacity for long-term sustainability varied.Conclusions and ImplicationsCommunity-led mini-grant projects can be a viable method of putting research findings into practice by supporting efforts to improve access to healthy, affordable food and places to be active.FundingUSDA Grant #2011-68001-30103 ObjectiveVoices into Action: The Families, Food, and Health Project is a five-year, USDA-funded research and outreach project based out of North Carolina State University, North Carolina State University, A&T State University, and NC Cooperative Extension. Voices into Action (VIA) draws on community-based research to collaborate with community groups to improve access to healthy food and places to be active in three regions in North Carolina. Voices into Action: The Families, Food, and Health Project is a five-year, USDA-funded research and outreach project based out of North Carolina State University, North Carolina State University, A&T State University, and NC Cooperative Extension. Voices into Action (VIA) draws on community-based research to collaborate with community groups to improve access to healthy food and places to be active in three regions in North Carolina. Target AudienceVIA provided mini-grants to organizations working in Southeast Raleigh (in Wake County), western Harnett County, and Lee County to support community-led projects focused on improving access to food and opportunities for physical activity. VIA provided mini-grants to organizations working in Southeast Raleigh (in Wake County), western Harnett County, and Lee County to support community-led projects focused on improving access to food and opportunities for physical activity. Theory, Prior Research, RationaleBased on the socio-ecological model, mini-grants facilitate behavior change by creating long-term environmental changes. All projects are required to implement a policy or environmental change, build on or develop community partnerships, and include a plan for sustainability. Based on the socio-ecological model, mini-grants facilitate behavior change by creating long-term environmental changes. All projects are required to implement a policy or environmental change, build on or develop community partnerships, and include a plan for sustainability. DescriptionFifty-nine mini-grants were awarded over a four-year period (2013 – 2016). Projects vary in scope, and include community gardens, exercise programs, and nutrition education classes. Mini-grant recipients also receive technical assistance, including support with project impact. Fifty-nine mini-grants were awarded over a four-year period (2013 – 2016). Projects vary in scope, and include community gardens, exercise programs, and nutrition education classes. Mini-grant recipients also receive technical assistance, including support with project impact. EvaluationGrantees were interviewed before and after implementing mini-grant projects. Interviews indicate that the experience increased organizations’ connections to community resources, fostered community partnerships, and enhanced organizational capacity. However, organizations’ success and capacity for long-term sustainability varied. Grantees were interviewed before and after implementing mini-grant projects. Interviews indicate that the experience increased organizations’ connections to community resources, fostered community partnerships, and enhanced organizational capacity. However, organizations’ success and capacity for long-term sustainability varied. Conclusions and ImplicationsCommunity-led mini-grant projects can be a viable method of putting research findings into practice by supporting efforts to improve access to healthy, affordable food and places to be active. Community-led mini-grant projects can be a viable method of putting research findings into practice by supporting efforts to improve access to healthy, affordable food and places to be active. DA - 2016/7// PY - 2016/7// DO - 10.1016/J.JNEB.2016.04.331 VL - 48 IS - 7 SP - S113-S114 J2 - Journal of Nutrition Education and Behavior LA - en OP - SN - 1499-4046 UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/J.JNEB.2016.04.331 DB - Crossref ER - TY - JOUR TI - Local Food Access Among a Diverse Group of Immigrants and Refugees in North Carolina: A Qualitative Study AU - Hardison-Moody, Annie AU - Gore, A.K. AU - Bloom, J. Dara AU - Schulman, M. T2 - Journal of Nutrition Education and Behavior AB - ObjectiveImmigrant and refugee populations in the U.S. are at increased risk for chronic disease due to dietary changes associated with acculturation. They often have poor access to healthy foods, community organizations and resources. Using a community-based participatory research approach, we explore how to better integrate immigrant and refugee communities into local food systems and adapt Extension resources to meet communities’ needs. Objectives are to determine barriers and assets regarding local food access; establish partnerships with local food and nutrition resources; and implement participant-led projects.Design, Setting, Participants, and InterventionCommunity workshops were held with three groups in central North Carolina: Karen refugees from Burma, a diverse population of immigrants from a mosque, and Latino immigrants. Each group helped design and implement a community garden/farming project based on community assets and resources.Outcome Measures and AnalysisQualitative, semi-structured interviews were conducted with 19 participants and analyzed using thematic coding.ResultsAnalysis reveals that immigrants/refugees shared food produced at the gardens/farms with their communities, thereby increasing community food access. Three lessons learned from this project: community workshops are key to understanding participants’ context and preferences; communities’ food-related cultural practices are vital assets; and building community connections with Extension and other non-profits can help migrants utilize and build upon existing food-related skills. Barriers to participation included time, communication breakdowns, and transportation.Conclusion and ImplicationsTo address dietary acculturation, programs must be adapted for diverse community populations with different experiences and backgrounds in gardening and food production. This research demonstrates that agricultural-based programs may increase access to healthy foods and identifies significant food-based assets among diverse migrant populations.FundingNorth Carolina State University Office of Extension, Engagement, and Economic Development ObjectiveImmigrant and refugee populations in the U.S. are at increased risk for chronic disease due to dietary changes associated with acculturation. They often have poor access to healthy foods, community organizations and resources. Using a community-based participatory research approach, we explore how to better integrate immigrant and refugee communities into local food systems and adapt Extension resources to meet communities’ needs. Objectives are to determine barriers and assets regarding local food access; establish partnerships with local food and nutrition resources; and implement participant-led projects. Immigrant and refugee populations in the U.S. are at increased risk for chronic disease due to dietary changes associated with acculturation. They often have poor access to healthy foods, community organizations and resources. Using a community-based participatory research approach, we explore how to better integrate immigrant and refugee communities into local food systems and adapt Extension resources to meet communities’ needs. Objectives are to determine barriers and assets regarding local food access; establish partnerships with local food and nutrition resources; and implement participant-led projects. Design, Setting, Participants, and InterventionCommunity workshops were held with three groups in central North Carolina: Karen refugees from Burma, a diverse population of immigrants from a mosque, and Latino immigrants. Each group helped design and implement a community garden/farming project based on community assets and resources. Community workshops were held with three groups in central North Carolina: Karen refugees from Burma, a diverse population of immigrants from a mosque, and Latino immigrants. Each group helped design and implement a community garden/farming project based on community assets and resources. Outcome Measures and AnalysisQualitative, semi-structured interviews were conducted with 19 participants and analyzed using thematic coding. Qualitative, semi-structured interviews were conducted with 19 participants and analyzed using thematic coding. ResultsAnalysis reveals that immigrants/refugees shared food produced at the gardens/farms with their communities, thereby increasing community food access. Three lessons learned from this project: community workshops are key to understanding participants’ context and preferences; communities’ food-related cultural practices are vital assets; and building community connections with Extension and other non-profits can help migrants utilize and build upon existing food-related skills. Barriers to participation included time, communication breakdowns, and transportation. Analysis reveals that immigrants/refugees shared food produced at the gardens/farms with their communities, thereby increasing community food access. Three lessons learned from this project: community workshops are key to understanding participants’ context and preferences; communities’ food-related cultural practices are vital assets; and building community connections with Extension and other non-profits can help migrants utilize and build upon existing food-related skills. Barriers to participation included time, communication breakdowns, and transportation. Conclusion and ImplicationsTo address dietary acculturation, programs must be adapted for diverse community populations with different experiences and backgrounds in gardening and food production. This research demonstrates that agricultural-based programs may increase access to healthy foods and identifies significant food-based assets among diverse migrant populations. To address dietary acculturation, programs must be adapted for diverse community populations with different experiences and backgrounds in gardening and food production. This research demonstrates that agricultural-based programs may increase access to healthy foods and identifies significant food-based assets among diverse migrant populations. DA - 2016/7// PY - 2016/7// DO - 10.1016/J.JNEB.2016.04.032 VL - 48 IS - 7 SP - S10-S11 J2 - Journal of Nutrition Education and Behavior LA - en OP - SN - 1499-4046 UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/J.JNEB.2016.04.032 DB - Crossref ER - TY - JOUR TI - Monitoring cultural landscapes from space: Evaluating archaeological sites in the Basin of Mexico using very high resolution satellite imagery AU - Morehart, Christopher T. AU - Millhauser, John K. T2 - Journal of Archaeological Science: Reports AB - Satellite data allow archaeologists to not only identify archaeological sites and features but to monitor them in relation to contemporary landscape changes. This article pursues this goal by assessing the contemporary conditions of archaeological sites originally recorded over 40 years ago in the northern Basin of Mexico. We examine archaeological site locations and 1970s land-use data recorded by surveyors against contemporary land-use information observable in very high resolution (VHR) GeoEye-1 multi-spectral satellite imagery. Our results demonstrate continuity in the types of land classes within which sites existed during the 1970s and today, but they also show significant changes with potentially negative impacts on the preservation of cultural resources. Most sites in agro-pastoral lands over 40 years ago remain in agro-pastoral land. However, the expansion of modern settlements due to population growth and changing property laws has encroached on archaeological sites. Technological intensification of agricultural practices (i.e., tractors) can impact site preservation even if the landuse category remained unchanged. This article also discusses the potential impact that different settlement types, depositional environments, and looting can have on cultural resources and outlines key areas of future research requiring the integration of remote sensing and archaeological fieldwork. DA - 2016/12// PY - 2016/12// DO - 10.1016/J.JASREP.2016.11.005 VL - 10 SP - 363-376 J2 - Journal of Archaeological Science: Reports LA - en OP - SN - 2352-409X UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/J.JASREP.2016.11.005 DB - Crossref KW - Remote sensing KW - Satellite data KW - Site monitoring KW - Landscape archaeology KW - Survey KW - Mexico KW - Mesoamerica ER - TY - JOUR TI - Cribra orbitalia: Prevalence in contemporary populations AU - Steyn, Maryna AU - Voeller, Sarah AU - Botha, Deona AU - Ross, Ann H. T2 - Clinical Anatomy AB - The prevalence of cribra orbitalia (CO) is often used as an indicator of the general health status of past populations. Although debates as to its exact etiology are still ongoing, cribra is generally accepted to be the result of an anemic condition. Cribra has been reported to be declining in modern populations or even to be absent. The aim of this study was to compare modern, historic, and prehistoric prevalences of CO to assess whether it has changed through time and if it still occurs in contemporary populations. CO in skeletons ( n = 844) from two widely different regions, the northeastern US and the central Gauteng area of South Africa, were compared in order to evaluate temporal trends. The sample comprised 245 prehistoric, 381 historic, and 218 modern skeletons. In adult skeletons the prevalence was found to be lower in historic South Africans (2.23%) than in historic North Americans (6.25%). It was lower in modern North Americans than in modern South Africans (12.35 and 16.8%, respectively). Its prevalence in prehistoric North Americans (11.86%) was also not much different from that of modern North Americans (12.35%). The frequency of CO in historic South African juveniles was higher (10.71%) than in historic North American juveniles (1.35%). Modern South African children had a lower frequency (25.14%) than modern American juveniles (40%), although the sample in the North American group was small. It seems that CO is still present in modern populations, and that health may indeed have declined for some groups in recent times. Clin. Anat. 29:823–830, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. DA - 2016/6/7/ PY - 2016/6/7/ DO - 10.1002/CA.22734 VL - 29 IS - 7 SP - 823-830 J2 - Clin. Anat. LA - en OP - SN - 0897-3806 UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/CA.22734 DB - Crossref KW - cribra orbitalia KW - South Africa KW - North America KW - anemia ER - TY - JOUR TI - Food Insecurity, Water Insecurity, and HIV/AIDS Syndemic in Lesotho: Monitoring and Evaluating a “Perfect Storm.” AU - Workman, Cassandra L. T2 - Practicing Anthropology DA - 2016/// PY - 2016/// VL - 38 IS - 4 SP - 55–58 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Complexity of assessing migrant death place of origin AU - Ross, A. H. AU - Juarez, C. A. AU - Urbanova, P. T2 - Biological Distance Analysis: Forensic and Bioarchaeological Perspectives DA - 2016/// PY - 2016/// SP - 265-283 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Advanced methods in 3-D craniofacial morphological analysis AU - Urbanova, P. AU - Ross, A. H. T2 - Biological Distance Analysis: Forensic and Bioarchaeological Perspectives DA - 2016/// PY - 2016/// SP - 61-90 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Latino students in new destinations: Immigration, extracurricular activities, and bullying victimization AU - Lehman, B. T2 - Education and youth today DA - 2016/// PY - 2016/// VL - 20 SP - 123-144 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Identity contests and the negotiation of organizational change AU - Schwalbe, M. AU - McTague, T. AU - Parrotta, K. T2 - Advances in group processes, vol 33 AB - Purpose We examine collective responses to identity threats in organizations, conceptualizing these responses as identity contests in which members of opposing groups share an identity and strive to protect the social psychological rewards derived from that identity. DA - 2016/// PY - 2016/// DO - 10.1108/s0882-614520160000033003 VL - 33 SP - 57-92 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Overcoming aprocessual bias in the study of inequality: Parsing the capitalist interaction order AU - Schwalbe, M. T2 - Astructural bias charge: myth or reality? DA - 2016/// PY - 2016/// VL - 46 SP - 95-122 ER - TY - JOUR TI - An accidental rural sociologist AU - Schulman, M. D. T2 - Rural Sociologists at Work: Candid Accounts of Theory, Method, and Practice DA - 2016/// PY - 2016/// SP - 65-79 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Temporal changes in racial violence, 1980 to 2006: A latent trajectory approach AU - Parker, Karen F. AU - Stansfield, Richard AU - McCall, Patricia L. T2 - JOURNAL OF CRIMINAL JUSTICE AB - The study examines the ability of a latent trajectory approach to advance our understanding of the temporal trends in white and black homicide rates over a critical period, 1980 to 2006. After establishing distinct trajectories that reveal hidden racial heterogeneity, we estimate which of two dominant arguments concerning the changes in homicide rates over time: 1) macrostructural conditions and 2) crime control and drug sales—best explain the latent class race-specific homicide rate memberships at the city level. Using homicide data from the Uniform Crime Reports along with decennial U.S. census data across three time periods, we employ both latent trajectory and time series approaches. Our latent trajectory approach identified three unique trends or groupings of cities based on white and black homicide rates, reflecting “high”, “medium” and “low” temporal homicide trends. Time series models highlight variation in which characteristics contributed to the distinct race-specific homicide trends by trajectory group. Together, this study reveals hidden heterogeneity among American cities with respect to temporal trends that inform the current debate about diversity in the location and magnitude of the crime drop as well as which factors contributed to homicide trends by racial groups. Implications are discussed. DA - 2016/12// PY - 2016/12// DO - 10.1016/j.jcrimjus.2016.06.001 VL - 47 SP - 1-11 SN - 1873-6203 KW - Racial violence KW - Crime drop KW - Homicide trends KW - Latent trajectory approach KW - Macrostructural approach KW - Crime control strategies KW - Time series analysis ER - TY - JOUR TI - Contribution of quantitative methods in forensic anthropology a new era AU - Ross, A. H. AU - Kimmerle, E. H. T2 - Handbook of forensic anthropology and archaeology, 2nd edition DA - 2016/// PY - 2016/// SP - 622-634 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Study on the criteria for assessing skull-face correspondence in craniofacial superimposition AU - Ibanez, Oscar AU - Valsecchi, Andrea AU - Cavalli, Fabio AU - Isabel Huete, Maria AU - Rosario Campomanes-Alvarez, Blanca AU - Campomanes-Alvarez, Carmen AU - Vicente, Ricardo AU - Navega, David AU - Ross, Ann AU - Wilkinson, Caroline AU - Jankauskas, Rimantas AU - Imaizumi, Kazuhiko AU - Hardiman, Rita AU - Jayaprakash, Paul Thomas AU - Ruiz, Elena AU - Molinero, Francisco AU - Leston, Patricio AU - Veselovskaya, Elizaveta AU - Abramov, Alexey AU - Steyn, Maryna AU - Cardoso, Joao AU - Humpire, Daniel AU - Lusnig, Luca AU - Gibelli, Daniele AU - Mazzarelli, Debora AU - Gaudio, Daniel AU - Collini, Federica AU - Damas, Sergio T2 - LEGAL MEDICINE AB - Craniofacial superimposition has the potential to be used as an identification method when other traditional biological techniques are not applicable due to insufficient quality or absence of ante-mortem and post-mortem data. Despite having been used in many countries as a method of inclusion and exclusion for over a century it lacks standards. Thus, the purpose of this research is to provide forensic practitioners with standard criteria for analysing skull-face relationships. Thirty-seven experts from 16 different institutions participated in this study, which consisted of evaluating 65 criteria for assessing skull-face anatomical consistency on a sample of 24 different skull-face superimpositions. An unbiased statistical analysis established the most objective and discriminative criteria. Results did not show strong associations, however, important insights to address lack of standards were provided. In addition, a novel methodology for understanding and standardizing identification methods based on the observation of morphological patterns has been proposed. DA - 2016/11// PY - 2016/11// DO - 10.1016/j.legalmed.2016.09.009 VL - 23 SP - 59-70 SN - 1344-6223 KW - Forensic anthropology KW - Physical anthropology KW - Craniofacial identification KW - Craniofacial superimposition KW - Skull-face overlay KW - Craniofacial relationships ER - TY - JOUR TI - Sex, Ancestral, and Pattern Type Variation of Fingerprint Minutiae: A Forensic Perspective on Anthropological Dermatoglyphics AU - Fournier, Nichole A. AU - Ross, Ann H. T2 - AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL ANTHROPOLOGY AB - ABSTRACT Objectives The majority of anthropological studies on dermatoglyphics examine the heritability and inter‐population variation of Level 1 detail (e.g., pattern type, total ridge count), while forensic scientists concentrate on individual uniqueness of Level 2 and 3 detail (e.g., minutiae and pores, respectively) used for positive identification. The present study bridges the gap between researcher–practitioner by examining sex, ancestral, and pattern type variation of Level 2 detail (e.g., minutiae). Materials and Methods Bifurcations, ending ridges, short ridges, dots, and enclosures on the right index finger of 243 individuals ( n = 61 African American ♀; n = 61 African American ♂; n = 61 European American ♀; n = 60 European American ♂) were analyzed. The overall effect of sex, ancestry, and pattern type on minutiae variation was assessed using a MANCOVA. ANOVA was used to identify Level 2 detail variables responsible for the variation. Logistic regression was used to classify individuals into groups. Results The effect of sex is insignificant. Ancestry is significant (Wilks' λ = 0.053 F value = 2.98, DF = 4,224, P value = 0.02), as is pattern type (Wilks' λ = 0.874 F value = 2.57, DF = 12,592.94, P value = 0.003). The ANOVA reveals that bifurcations are responsible for the variation between ancestral groups, while bifurcations and ending ridges vary between patterns. Logistic regression results suggest that total bifurcations can predict the ancestry of an individual (ChiSq = 6.55, df = 1, Prob > ChiSq = 0.01). Discussion Significant minutiae variation between ancestral groups yields information that is valuable in both a forensic and anthropological setting. Am J Phys Anthropol 160:625–632, 2016. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. DA - 2016/8// PY - 2016/8// DO - 10.1002/ajpa.22869 VL - 160 IS - 4 SP - 625-632 SN - 1096-8644 KW - minutiae KW - population variation KW - genetics KW - environment ER - TY - JOUR TI - Scientist Spotlight Homework Assignments Shift Students' Stereotypes of Scientists and Enhance Science Identity in a Diverse Introductory Science Class AU - Schinske, Jeffrey N. AU - Perkins, Heather AU - Snyder, Amanda AU - Wyer, Mary T2 - CBE-LIFE SCIENCES EDUCATION AB - Research into science identity, stereotype threat, and possible selves suggests a lack of diverse representations of scientists could impede traditionally underserved students from persisting and succeeding in science. We evaluated a series of metacognitive homework assignments (“Scientist Spotlights”) that featured counterstereotypical examples of scientists in an introductory biology class at a diverse community college. Scientist Spotlights additionally served as tools for content coverage, as scientists were selected to match topics covered each week. We analyzed beginning- and end-of-course essays completed by students during each of five courses with Scientist Spotlights and two courses with equivalent homework assignments that lacked connections to the stories of diverse scientists. Students completing Scientist Spotlights shifted toward counterstereotypical descriptions of scientists and conveyed an enhanced ability to personally relate to scientists following the intervention. Longitudinal data suggested these shifts were maintained 6 months after the completion of the course. Analyses further uncovered correlations between these shifts, interest in science, and course grades. As Scientist Spotlights require very little class time and complement existing curricula, they represent a promising tool for enhancing science identity, shifting stereotypes, and connecting content to issues of equity and diversity in a broad range of STEM classrooms. DA - 2016/9/1/ PY - 2016/9/1/ DO - 10.1187/cbe.16-01-0002 VL - 15 IS - 3 SP - SN - 1931-7913 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Who has the advantage? Race and sex differences in returns to social capital at home and at school AU - Dufur, Mikaela J. AU - Parcel, Toby L. AU - Hoffmann, John P. AU - Braudt, David B. T2 - RESEARCH IN SOCIAL STRATIFICATION AND MOBILITY AB - A growing body of literature suggests that social capital is a valuable resource for children and youth, and that returns to that capital can increase academic success. However, relatively little is known about whether youth from different backgrounds build social capital in the same way and whether they receive the same returns to that capital. We examine the creation of and returns to social capital in family and school settings on academic achievement, measured as standardized test scores, for white boys, black boys, white girls, and black girls who were seniors in high school in the United States. Our findings suggest that while youth in different groups build social capital in largely the same way, differences exist by race and sex as to how family social capital affects academic achievement. Girls obtain greater returns to family social capital than do boys, but no group receives significant returns to school social capital after controlling for individual- and school-level characteristics. DA - 2016/9// PY - 2016/9// DO - 10.1016/j.rssm.2016.07.001 VL - 45 SP - 27-40 SN - 1878-5654 KW - Social capital KW - Academic achievement KW - Race KW - Sex KW - Adolescence ER - TY - JOUR TI - THE SIGNIFICANCE OF LINGUISTIC VARIATION IN THE SPEECHES OF REV. DR. MARTIN LUTHER KING JR. AU - Wolfram, Walt AU - Rick, Caroline My AU - Forrest, Jon AU - Fox, Michael J. T2 - AMERICAN SPEECH AB - Although Rev. Dr. Martin Luther King Jr.'s eloquence as a speaker is widely recognized and his rhetorical strategies have been extensively studied, no analyses have been conducted on his language variation in different speech settings. This article examines a set of variable structures in King's speech to determine how it indexes his regional, social, and ethnic identity as he accommodated different audiences and interactions. The use of unstressed (ING), medial and final /t/ release, postvocalic nonrhoticity, coda-final cluster reduction, copula/auxiliary absence, the vowel system, and syllable timing are considered for four different speech events: the “I Have a Dream” speech (1963), the Nobel Prize acceptance speech (1964), a conversation with talk-show host Merv Griffin (1967), and the “I've Been to the Mountaintop” speech (1968). The analysis indicates stability across speech events for some variables and significant variation for others based on the speech event. His indexical profile indicates that he consistently embodied his Southern-based, African American preacherly stance while fluidly shifting features that indexed performance and formality based on audience, interaction, and intentional purpose. His language embraced ethnolinguistic tradition and transcended linguistic diversity, modeling linguistic equality in practice. DA - 2016/8// PY - 2016/8// DO - 10.1215/00031283-3701015 VL - 91 IS - 3 SP - 269-300 SN - 1527-2133 KW - stylistic variation KW - performance speech KW - preaching KW - ethnolinguistic repertoire KW - African American English ER - TY - JOUR TI - Skeletal and radiological manifestations of child abuse: Implications for study in past populations AU - Ross, Ann H. AU - Juarez, Chelsey A. T2 - CLINICAL ANATOMY AB - Child abuse in its various types such as physical, emotional, sexual, and neglect has been document throughout history. However, before the mid‐20th century, inflicted injuries to children was overlooked in part because children were often viewed as property. According to the World Health Organization, 57,000 children were the victims of homicide in the year 2000. In this paper we present the skeletal and radiological manifestation of physical abuse and fatal neglect and provide recommendations to assess child maltreatment from past populations. Pediatric biomechanical factors and healing are discussed as it is important to keep in mind that children are not just small adults. Skeletal and radiological indicators of nonaccidental or inflicted injuries are reviewed from the literature. Inflicted injuries are presented based on specificity to identify child abuse. In addition, skeletal indicators that could help assess fatal starvation are also reviewed and metabolic diseases are proposed as potential evidence of neglect. A recent child homicide is presented and used to illustrate the difficulty in assessing child maltreatment. Present‐day clinical child abuse protocols are used to provide recommendations to assess child abuse in a bioarchaeological context. Clin. Anat. 29:844–853, 2016. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. DA - 2016/10// PY - 2016/10// DO - 10.1002/ca.22683 VL - 29 IS - 7 SP - 844-853 SN - 1098-2353 KW - child abuse KW - physical abuse KW - skeletal indicators KW - disease mimicry KW - fatal neglect ER - TY - JOUR TI - Examining health literacy disparities in the United States: a third look at the National Assessment of Adult Literacy (NAAL) AU - Rikard, R. V. AU - Thompson, Maxine S. AU - McKinney, Julie AU - Beauchamp, Alison T2 - BMC PUBLIC HEALTH AB - In the United States, disparities in health literacy parallel disparities in health outcomes. Our research contributes to how diverse indicators of social inequalities (i.e., objective social class, relational social class, and social resources) contribute to understanding disparities in health literacy. We analyze data on respondents 18 years of age and older (N = 14,592) from the 2003 National Assessment of Adult Literacy (NAAL) restricted access data set. A series of weighted Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) regression models estimate the association between respondent’s demographic characteristics, socioeconomic status (SES), relational social class, social resources and an Item Response Theory (IRT) based health literacy measure. Our findings are consistent with previous research on the social and SES determinants of health literacy. However, our findings reveal the importance of relational social status for understanding health literacy disparities in the United States. Objective indicators of social status are persistent and robust indicators of health literacy. Measures of relational social status such as civic engagement (i.e., voting, volunteering, and library use) are associated with higher health literacy levels net of objective resources. Social resources including speaking English and marital status are associated with higher health literacy levels. Relational indicators of social class are related to health literacy independent of objective social class indicators. Civic literacy (e.g., voting and volunteering) are predictors of health literacy and offer opportunities for health intervention. Our findings support the notion that health literacy is a social construct and suggest the need to develop a theoretically driven conceptual definition of health literacy that includes a civic literacy component. DA - 2016/9/13/ PY - 2016/9/13/ DO - 10.1186/s12889-016-3621-9 VL - 16 SP - SN - 1471-2458 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Commentary 2: Does a focus on commonalities obscure critical differences? AU - Juarez, C. T2 - Intersecciones en Antropologia DA - 2016/// PY - 2016/// VL - 17 IS - 2 SP - 149-150 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Comment 5: A forensic anthropologist can be a bioarchaeologist, but should a bioarchaeologist be a forensic anthropologist? AU - Ross, A. H. T2 - Intersecciones en Antropologia DA - 2016/// PY - 2016/// VL - 17 IS - 2 SP - 155-156 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Apathy and Antipathy: Media Coverage of Restrictive Immigration Legislation and the Maintenance of Symbolic Boundaries AU - Estrada, Emily P. AU - Ebert, Kim AU - Lore, Michelle Halla T2 - SOCIOLOGICAL FORUM AB - Although the government no longer explicitly establishes boundaries of whiteness, it continues to play a central role in shaping symbolic boundaries between immigrants and nonimmigrants through immigration lawmaking. However, the salience of these boundaries may depend on how the media disseminate them to the public. In this study, we investigate media framing of immigration lawmaking using an original data set of news coverage of six of the most widely recognized exclusionary immigration bills and laws at different levels of government. Two patterns emerged from an iterative frame analysis. First, in their coverage of frames critical of these bills and laws, outlets devoted more attention to the effects of exclusionary legislation for nonimmigrants. Second, in their coverage of frames supportive of the restrictive legislation, outlets provided more space to those who openly associated immigrants with criminality and terrorism. Regardless of outlets’ seemingly neutral stance toward restrictive legislation, their disparate coverage of exclusionary lawmaking demonstrates apathy and antipathy toward immigrants, which has repercussions for the maintenance of inequality. DA - 2016/9// PY - 2016/9// DO - 10.1111/socf.12262 VL - 31 IS - 3 SP - 555-576 SN - 1573-7861 UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/socf.12262 KW - boundaries KW - framing KW - immigration KW - inequality KW - media KW - policy ER - TY - JOUR TI - The dynamics of dining out in the 21st century: Insights from organizational theory AU - DeSoucey, Michaela AU - Demetry, Daphne T2 - SOCIOLOGY COMPASS AB - Abstract The world of restaurants—as organizations as well as indicators of social status and cultural tastes—has, thus far in the 21st century, become especially dynamic in the United States and elsewhere. Social scientists have begun to engage seriously with issues concerning germane shifts in the culinary profession and the emergence of new forms of cooking and dining out. For sociologists interested in consumption, organizations, and creative work, this offers a number of timely topics, such as restaurants' financing strategies and ownership models, the institutionalization of new culinary trends, the expanding roles of chefs, and the labor practices of upmarket restaurants. This article synthesizes recent scholarship on the modern culinary field in the United States, specifically examining three interrelated themes: tensions between concurrent demands for creativity and financial returns, new ways of catering to consumer desires for authenticity, and issues of inequality in professional kitchens. It concludes by discussing several issues facing the future of dining out, as forecast by field leaders themselves, which offer further opportunities for burgeoning sociological and organizational inquiry. DA - 2016/11// PY - 2016/11// DO - 10.1111/soc4.12417 VL - 10 IS - 11 SP - 1014-1027 SN - 1751-9020 UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-84994372653&partnerID=MN8TOARS KW - restaurants KW - cultural production KW - authenticity KW - organizational theory KW - chefs KW - consumption ER - TY - JOUR TI - School Context Matters: The Impacts of Concentrated Poverty and Racial Segregation on Childhood Obesity AU - Piontak, Joy Rayanne AU - Schulman, Michael D. T2 - Journal of School Health AB - ABSTRACT BACKGROUND Schools are important sites for interventions to prevent childhood obesity. This study examines how variables measuring the socioeconomic and racial composition of schools and counties affect the likelihood of obesity among third to fifth grade children. METHODS Body mass index data were collected from third to fifth grade public school students by teachers from 317 urban and rural North Carolina schools in 38 counties. Multilevel models are used to examine county‐, school‐, and individual‐level effects. RESULTS Low concentrations of poverty at the school level are associated with lower odds of obesity. Schools in rural counties had significantly higher rates of obesity, net the other variables in the model. Students in minority‐segregated schools had higher rates of obesity than those in more racially diverse schools, but the effect was not statistically significant once school‐level poverty was controlled. CONCLUSIONS Place‐based inequalities are important determinants of health inequalities. The results of this study show that school‐level variables related to poverty are important for understanding and confronting childhood obesity. DA - 2016/11/8/ PY - 2016/11/8/ DO - 10.1111/josh.12458 VL - 86 IS - 12 SP - 864-872 J2 - J School Health LA - en OP - SN - 0022-4391 UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/josh.12458 DB - Crossref KW - childhood obesity KW - place-based inequality KW - school socioeconomic status KW - racial segregation KW - school racial composition ER - TY - JOUR TI - Neoliberalism, managerial citizenship behaviors, and firm fiscal performance AU - Crowley, M. T2 - Gedenkschrift to randy hodson: working with dignity DA - 2016/// PY - 2016/// VL - 28 SP - 213-232 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Killing Trayvons: An anthology of American violence AU - Smolski, A. T2 - Race & Class DA - 2016/// PY - 2016/// DO - 10.1177/0306396816657738 VL - 58 IS - 2 SP - 104-108 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Dixie Be Damned: 300 years of insurrection in the American South AU - Smolski, A. T2 - Race & Class DA - 2016/// PY - 2016/// VL - 58 IS - 2 SP - 104-108 ER - TY - JOUR TI - The Neoliberalism Wars, or Notes on the Persistence of Neoliberalism AU - Grzanka, Patrick R. AU - Mann, Emily S. AU - Elliott, Sinikka T2 - SEXUALITY RESEARCH AND SOCIAL POLICY DA - 2016/12// PY - 2016/12// DO - 10.1007/s13178-016-0255-8 VL - 13 IS - 4 SP - 297-307 SN - 1553-6610 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Power, altruism and communitarian tourism: A comparative study AU - LaPan, Chantell AU - Morais, Duarte B. AU - Barbieri, Carla AU - Wallace, Tim T2 - PASOS-REVISTA DE TURISMO Y PATRIMONIO CULTURAL AB - Residents of San Juan La Laguna and San Pedro La Laguna, neighboring towns on the shores of Lake Atitlán, Guatemala, have followed very different trajectories of tourism development despite their close proximity.This study explores residents' perceptions of the benefits and drawbacks of tourism development under two differing economic models and addresses weaknesses in current theoretical approaches.Findings from this ethnographic comparative case study indicate that prevailing theoretical constructs do not fully explain dynamics in non-western non-laissez faire capitalist contexts.Findings also suggest that strong community collaboration guided by governmental and nongovernmental organizations (NGOs) can help to maintain tourism benefits locally, while at the same time preventing some of the costs of tourism development in destination communities. DA - 2016/7// PY - 2016/7// DO - 10.25145/j.pasos.2016.14.058 VL - 14 IS - 4 SP - 889-906 SN - 1695-7121 KW - Residents' perceptions KW - Communitarian tourism KW - Micro-entrepreneurship KW - Power KW - Altruism KW - Guatemala ER - TY - JOUR TI - Gender inequalities in occupational prestige across the working life: An analysis of the careers of West Germans and Swedes born from the 1920s to the 1970s AU - Härkönen, Juho AU - Manzoni, Anna AU - Bihagen, Erik T2 - Advances in Life Course Research AB - Using retrospective occupational biography data from West Germany and Sweden we analyze gender inequalities in occupational careers in three birth cohorts (1920s to early 1940s, mid-1940s to early-1960s, and mid-1960s to late 1970s). We ask whether gender inequalities are generated at labour market entry, whether career progression and parenthood weaken or strengthen such gender inequalities, and how they differ across cohorts in the two countries. With data from the German Life History Study and the Swedish Level of Living Surveys, we used growth curve analysis to model career developments in occupational prestige. We find less change in occupational prestige across careers in Germany than in Sweden. In both countries a clear female disadvantage in occupational prestige in the oldest cohort has turned into a female advantage in the youngest cohort. This is only partially explained by changes in educational attainment levels. We also find a substantial motherhood penalty in careers in both countries, which has shifted to a fatherhood premium in Sweden over time. DA - 2016/9// PY - 2016/9// DO - 10.1016/j.alcr.2016.01.001 VL - 29 SP - 41-51 J2 - Advances in Life Course Research LA - en OP - SN - 1040-2608 UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.alcr.2016.01.001 DB - Crossref KW - Gender KW - Careers KW - Life course KW - Comparative research KW - Sweden KW - Germany KW - Growth curve analysis ER - TY - JOUR TI - Challenging Extractive Industries: How Political Context and Targets Influence Tactical Choice AU - Adams, Alison E. AU - Shriver, Thomas E. T2 - SOCIOLOGICAL PERSPECTIVES AB - Drawing from literature on social movements, we investigate how movements in uncertain political contexts can challenge extractive and natural resource–intensive industries such as coal companies. Scholars have analyzed how citizens in Western democracies can confront powerful industries, yet comparatively little research has focused on challenges to coal elites in politically unstable settings. We focus on the community of Libkovice, Czech Republic, to examine how anticoal activists strategically protested against a coal industry in the midst of a transition from state control to corporate ownership. The data for this research were collected between 2000 and 2014, including in-depth interviews, documentary and raw organizational film footage, and archival materials. Findings reveal that ambiguous targets and uncertain political contexts can significantly influence how activists develop tactical repertoires. We conclude by discussing the implications of this research for future work on social movements generally and citizen efforts to challenge powerful extractive industries. DA - 2016/12// PY - 2016/12// DO - 10.1177/0731121416641683 VL - 59 IS - 4 SP - 892-909 SN - 1533-8673 KW - coal KW - community KW - environmental activism KW - social movement tactics KW - transitional societies ER - TY - JOUR TI - An Ocean of Troubles: Advancing Marine Sociology AU - Longo, Stefano B. AU - Clark, Brett T2 - SOCIAL PROBLEMS AB - We advance marine sociology to analyze the human dimensions of ocean systems. Human societies are fundamentally linked to marine systems and are transforming oceanic conditions in dramatic ways, resulting in socio-ecological problems. Despite the great and important possibilities in this realm, these relationships are seldom studied within sociology. This article highlights the ecological foundations of human societies, emphasizing interactions with marine systems, and presents marine sociology as a valuable expansion of environmental sociological studies. This approach seeks to better integrate sociological and ecological sciences. We propose that social metabolic analysis serves as one useful theoretical framework for examining the socio-ecological interrelationships. The analysis focuses on the dynamics of ocean systems, social processes that are changing marine ecosystems, and the perennial interactions within and between these systems. We provide brief analyses of climate change, ocean acidification, and pollution, revealing how the modern socioeconomic order has created ecological rifts in marine ecosystems, and how these concerns reciprocally affect social life. Fomentamos el avance de la sociología marina para analizar las dimensiones humanas de los sistemas oceánicos. Las sociedades humanas están fundamentalmente vinculadas a los sistemas marinos y están transformando las condiciones oceánicas en forma dramática, lo que resulta en problemas socio-ecológicos. A pesar de las grandes e importantes posibilidades en este ámbito, estas relaciones son raramente estudiadas dentro de la sociología. Este artículo destaca los fundamentos ecológicos de las sociedades humanas, haciendo hincapié en las interacciones con los sistemas marinos, y presenta la sociología marina como una valiosa expansión de los estudios sociológicos ambientales. Proponemos que el análisis social metabólico sirve como un marco teórico para examinar esta interrelación socio-ecológica. El análisis se centra en la dinámica de los sistemas oceánicos y los procesos sociales que están cambiando los ecosistemas marinos. Proporcionamos un breve análisis del cambio climático, la acidificación de los océanos y la contaminación, que revela cómo el orden socio-económico moderno ha creado divisiones ecológicas en los ecosistemas marinos y cómo estos problemas afectan recíprocamente la vida social. DA - 2016/11// PY - 2016/11// DO - 10.1093/socpro/spw023 VL - 63 IS - 4 SP - 463-479 SN - 1533-8533 KW - environmental sociology KW - environmental change KW - socio-ecological systems KW - social metabolism KW - metabolic rift KW - climate change ER - TY - JOUR TI - Health Consequences of European Contact in the Great Plains: A Comparison of Systemic Stress Levels in Pre- and Post-Contact Arikara Populations AU - Offenbecker, A. M. AU - Case, D. T. T2 - INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF OSTEOARCHAEOLOGY AB - Abstract The biocultural effects of European contact varied considerably throughout the Americas. Some populations were decimated by colonialism, while others benefited from trade relationships and access to new technologies. It has been suggested that initial contact with European fur traders and explorers was economically favourable for Plains village populations, thereby facilitating a period of cultural florescence. In this study, we evaluate the hypothesis that Plains groups were better off than their predecessors during the initial contact period by comparing frequencies of enamel hypoplasia, cribra orbitalia, and porotic hyperostosis in pre‐ and post‐contact Arikara skeletal assemblages. We included both juveniles and adults in our sample to capture variation in the stress experience of different segments of the population. Our analysis revealed similarly low frequencies of cribra orbitalia in the pre‐ and post‐contact groups and no observed cases of porotic hyperostosis. Enamel hypoplasia, however, was significantly more prevalent among post‐contact Arikara villagers when compared to their pre‐contact counterparts, which suggests that stress levels were higher after European contact. Additionally, enamel hypoplasia was most common among post‐contact juveniles. The elevated frequency of enamel hypoplasia in the post‐contact sample combined with the low frequencies of cribra orbitalia and porotic hyperostosis suggests that disease stress, rather than nutritional deficiencies, was likely responsible for the decline in overall health following European contact. These results also suggest that juveniles are sensitive indicators of systemic stress within a population and should be included in bioarchaeological analyses of prehistoric health when available. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. DA - 2016/// PY - 2016/// DO - 10.1002/oa.2439 VL - 26 IS - 3 SP - 502-513 SN - 1099-1212 KW - anemia KW - bioarchaeology KW - disease stress KW - enamel hypoplasia KW - European contact KW - juvenile health KW - paleopathology KW - subadult health ER - TY - JOUR TI - Family Structure, Maternal Dating, and Sexual Debut: Extending the Conceptualization of Instability AU - Zito, Rena Cornell AU - De Coster, Stacy T2 - JOURNAL OF YOUTH AND ADOLESCENCE DA - 2016/5// PY - 2016/5// DO - 10.1007/s10964-016-0457-7 VL - 45 IS - 5 SP - 1003-1019 SN - 1573-6601 KW - Family structure KW - Sexual behavior KW - Sexual attitudes KW - Gender ER - TY - JOUR TI - Conceptualizing and measuring youth independence multidimensionally in the United States AU - Manzoni, Anna T2 - Acta Sociologica AB - In this paper I borrow from both the transition and cultural perspectives in the sociology of youth to define a new conceptual and empirical framework to analyze independence among young people, accounting for its multifaceted character within the current context of the transition to adulthood in the United States. Applying latent class analysis to data from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health, I investigate how objective and subjective indicators of independence relate to one another, and do so differently for different youth. In this way, I empirically extend the understanding of transitions to independence and offer a more nuanced picture than a one-dimensional perspective could do. Accounting for respondents’ age and role transitions marking relevant developmental stages, I identify four groups of youth with different forms of independence. While one group exhibits independence in all the domains considered, most inhabit states of partial independence, with mismatches across indicators. Future research may use this framework to investigate independence, both as an outcome or as an explanatory variable, and to explore differences across subgroups. DA - 2016/7/9/ PY - 2016/7/9/ DO - 10.1177/0001699316653797 VL - 59 IS - 4 SP - 362-377 J2 - Acta Sociologica LA - en OP - SN - 0001-6993 1502-3869 UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0001699316653797 DB - Crossref KW - Youth KW - latent class analysis KW - transition to adulthood KW - subjective independence KW - role transitions ER - TY - JOUR TI - At The Chef’s Table: Culinary Creativity in Elite Restaurants AU - DeSoucey, Michaela T2 - Contemporary Sociology: A Journal of Reviews DA - 2016/6/24/ PY - 2016/6/24/ DO - 10.1177/0094306116653953kk VL - 45 IS - 4 SP - 469-471 J2 - Contemp Sociol LA - en OP - SN - 0094-3061 1939-8638 UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0094306116653953kk DB - Crossref ER - TY - JOUR TI - The Ties That Bind: Social Capital, Families, and Children's Well-Being AU - Parcel, Toby L. AU - Bixby, Monica S. T2 - CHILD DEVELOPMENT PERSPECTIVES AB - Abstract Social bonds between parents and their children, an important form of social capital, promote children's cognition and their social adjustment. Both bonding and bridging social capital are consequential, as are parental norms and values, which vary by social class. Parents' working conditions, including occupational complexity and work schedules, influence children's home environments as well as their children's development. Family social capital is more important than school social capital in influencing both cognitive and social child outcomes. Recent studies show how fathers' roles are changing, with implications for social capital in families, and point to bonding with fathers as a possible mechanism for building social capital. We know relatively little about how different forms of capital, including financial, human, cultural, and social capital, combine to influence families and children. We need further analyses regarding how to build social capital, particularly for at‐risk children. DA - 2016/6// PY - 2016/6// DO - 10.1111/cdep.12165 VL - 10 IS - 2 SP - 87-92 SN - 1750-8606 KW - social capital KW - families KW - schools KW - parental work KW - cognition KW - social adjustment KW - fathers' roles ER - TY - JOUR TI - Longer-term impacts of mental health courts: Recidivism two years after exit AU - Hiday, V. A. AU - Ray, B. AU - Wales, H. T2 - Psychiatric Services DA - 2016/// PY - 2016/// VL - 67 IS - 4 SP - 378-383 ER - TY - JOUR TI - King coal: A study of mountaintop removal, public discourse, and power in Appalachia AU - Bodenhamer, A. T2 - Society & Natural Resources DA - 2016/// PY - 2016/// VL - 29 IS - 10 SP - 1139-1153 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Gastronomic cosmopolitanism: Supermarket products in France and the United Kingdom AU - Maxwell, Rahsaan AU - DeSoucey, Michaela T2 - POETICS AB - In this article, we explore whether contemporary European cosmopolitanism is a deep or superficial trend. We do so by examining prepared meals in mainstream French and United Kingdom (UK) supermarket chains. First, we ask to what extent are foreign cultural influences present in these grocery outlets? Then, we explore which foreign cultural influences are present and, finally, how they are presented in this mainstream market setting. Our results are mixed. We find evidence of significant cultural diversity in the offerings of both French and UK supermarket chains. Supermarkets in both countries offer sizeable percentages of products from foreign countries in and outside of Europe. In addition, most of these products are presented without exoticization, suggesting a level of comfort and familiarity with the foreign gastronomic products among consumers, and a promising indicator of robust cosmopolitanism. However, the range of foreign gastronomic influences, in both countries, is both limited and stratified. We argue that this partially reflects standardizing logics and trends of globalizing consumer markets. This suggests that everyday cosmopolitanism may continue to develop in Western Europe, but will likely involve an uneven set of cultural influences. DA - 2016/6// PY - 2016/6// DO - 10.1016/j.poetic.2016.03.001 VL - 56 SP - 85-97 SN - 1872-7514 UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-84961830167&partnerID=MN8TOARS KW - Cosmopolitanism KW - Gastronomy KW - Europe KW - France KW - UK KW - Cultural diversity KW - Immigration KW - Globalization KW - Cultural sociology ER - TY - JOUR TI - Sustainability and Environmental Sociology: Putting the Economy in its Place and Moving Toward an Integrative Socio-Ecology AU - Longo, Stefano B. AU - Clark, Brett AU - Shriver, Thomas E. AU - Clausen, Rebecca T2 - SUSTAINABILITY AB - The vague, yet undoubtedly desirable, notion of sustainability has been discussed and debated by many natural and social scientists. We argue that mainstream conceptions of sustainability, and the related concept of sustainable development, are mired in a “pre-analytic vision” that naturalizes capitalist social relations, closes off important questions regarding economic growth, and thus limits the potential for an integrative socio-ecological analysis. Theoretical and empirical research within environmental sociology provides key insights to overcome the aforementioned problems, whereby the social, historical, and environmental relationships associated with the tendencies and qualities of the dominant economic system are analyzed. We highlight how several environmental sociology perspectives—such as human ecology, the treadmill of production, and metabolic analysis—can serve as the basis for a more integrative socio-ecological conception and can help advance the field of sustainability science. DA - 2016/5// PY - 2016/5// DO - 10.3390/su8050437 VL - 8 IS - 5 SP - SN - 2071-1050 KW - economic development KW - growth KW - social theory KW - human ecology KW - treadmill of production KW - metabolic rift ER - TY - JOUR TI - WOMEN'S SELF-DETERMINATION IN COOPERATIVE TOURISM MICROENTERPRISES AU - LaPan, Chantell AU - Morais, Duarte B. AU - Wallace, Tim AU - Barbieri, Carla T2 - TOURISM REVIEW INTERNATIONAL AB - The purpose of this study is to better understand how cooperative forms of microentrepreneurship influence women's self-determination. Utilizing the framework of self-determination theory, this study employed a multiple case study approach that involved in-depth interviews, content analysis, field notes, and direct observations. Findings indicate that livelihood opportunities afforded under cooperative tourism microentrepreneurship offer women increased levels of self-determination, but that economic improvements alone are not sufficient in enhancing overall well-being. This study provides a detailed account of the strategies indigenous women employ to enhance their self-determination under cooperative tourism microentrepreneurship models. The results of this study suggest that programs by governments and NGOs should consider non-individual benefits when they engage with communities in tourism planning initiatives. Additionally, interventions aimed at women must also engage men or women may suffer from tensions at home. Finally, this study indicates that simply offering access to credit does not foster self-reliant development. The structures of cooperative models determine outcomes. Therefore, whenever possible, microentrepreneurship models should be designed to enhance strong cooperative social structures. DA - 2016/// PY - 2016/// DO - 10.3727/154427216x14581596799022 VL - 20 IS - 1 SP - 41-55 SN - 1943-4421 KW - Tourism KW - Microentrepreneurship KW - Gender KW - Guatemala KW - Maya KW - Poverty ER - TY - JOUR TI - Sexuality in schools: The limits of education AU - Elliott, S. T2 - Sex Roles DA - 2016/// PY - 2016/// VL - 74 IS - 9-10 SP - 472-474 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Prevalence and covariates of food insecurity among residents of single-room occupancy housing in Chicago, IL, USA AU - Bowen, Elizabeth A. AU - Bowen, Sarah K. AU - Barman-Adhikari, Anamika T2 - PUBLIC HEALTH NUTRITION AB - Emerging evidence suggests that food insecurity is a significant public health concern among people who are homeless or marginally housed. The present study assessed prevalence of food insecurity and its covariates among a group of marginally housed individuals living in single-room occupancy (SRO) dwellings, a population for which there is little extant health or nutrition research.Cross-sectional survey incorporating the Household Food Insecurity Access Scale.Ten private SRO residences in the Uptown neighbourhood of Chicago, IL, USA, 2013.SRO residents over 18 years of age who were able to communicate verbally in English (n 153).Food insecurity was widespread among SRO residents, with 75 % of the sample considered food insecure and 52 % meeting criteria for severe food insecurity. Bivariate analyses indicated that female gender, eating most meals at a soup kitchen, having a mental health condition, problem drinking, having at least one chronic health condition, and diabetes were all significantly associated with food insecurity. In the multivariate ordered logistic regression model, eating most meals at a soup kitchen remained as the only significant correlate of food insecurity (OR=10·13).SRO residents and other marginally housed populations face unique food access challenges. Although targeted assistance in the form of food stamps and congregate meal programmes remains critical, efforts to prevent and address food insecurity among homeless and marginally housed individuals should include policy interventions that recognize poverty as the root cause of food insecurity and aim to increase overall income and improve housing conditions. DA - 2016/4// PY - 2016/4// DO - 10.1017/s1368980015002384 VL - 19 IS - 6 SP - 1122-1130 SN - 1475-2727 KW - Disability KW - Food insecurity KW - Homeless KW - Social determinants of health KW - Single-room occupancy ER - TY - JOUR TI - Increasing Physical Activity in Childcare Outdoor Learning Environments: The Effect of Setting Adjacency Relative to Other Built Environment and Social Factors AU - Smith, William R. AU - Moore, Robin AU - Cosco, Nilda AU - Wesoloski, Jennifer AU - Danninger, Tom AU - Ward, Dianne S. AU - Trost, Stewart G. AU - Ries, Nicole T2 - ENVIRONMENT AND BEHAVIOR AB - The problem of childhood obesity can be addressed through study of how built environment characteristics can foster physical activity (PA) among preschool children. A sample of 355 behavior settings in 30 childcare center outdoor learning environments (OLEs) was studied using behavioral mapping techniques. Observers coded activity levels of preschool children across behavior settings. The level of PA observed in 6,083 behavioral displays of children aged 3 to 5 was modeled using multi-level statistical techniques. Both adjacency and centrality of play settings were found to be important factors in increasing the degree of PA, net the effect of numerous other variables. In addition, child-to-child interaction was found to foster PA (more for boys than girls) whereas a teacher’s custodial actions limit PA. Results demonstrate that design of OLE form (particularly adjacency of behavior settings) and content (use of manipulable items such as wheeled toys and balls) facilitates higher levels of PA. DA - 2016/5// PY - 2016/5// DO - 10.1177/0013916514551048 VL - 48 IS - 4 SP - 550-578 SN - 1552-390X KW - physical activity KW - built environment KW - childcare centers KW - outdoor learning environment design ER - TY - JOUR TI - Estimation of stature using fragmentary femur and tibia lengths in a Thai population AU - Fongkete, Ilada AU - Singsuwan, Phruksachat AU - Prasitwattanaseree, Sukon AU - Riengrojpitak, Suda AU - Case, D. Troy AU - Mahakkanukrauh, Pasuk T2 - AUSTRALIAN JOURNAL OF FORENSIC SCIENCES AB - Stature estimation is one of the most important parameters for human identification. The current study aimed to investigate the relationship between stature and femur and tibia measurements other than length in modern Thai skeletons, and to derive regression equations that can be used for living stature estimation when complete bones are unavailable. The sample consisted of 159 males and 96 females. We used two analytical methods, i.e. direct 1-step and indirect 2-step. Results showed that the upper breadth of the femur from males and the maximum anteroposterior diameter of the lateral condyle from females were the best estimators of stature. Maximum proximal breadth of the tibia showed the lowest standard error values in males and females. The derived equations were tested on a holdout sample in which the distal breadth of the tibia exhibited the lowest mean absolute error in both males and females, while in the femur measurements, the maximum anteroposterior diameter of the lateral condyle produced the lowest mean absolute error in males, and an absolute mean value from vertical head diameter in females. The present study suggests that measurements taken from damaged bones can be used for stature estimation. DA - 2016/6// PY - 2016/6// DO - 10.1080/00450618.2015.1052758 VL - 48 IS - 3 SP - 287-296 SN - 1834-562X KW - stature determination KW - femora KW - tibiae KW - Thailand ER - TY - JOUR TI - Establishing Standards for Side-by-Side Radiographic Comparisons AU - Ross, Ann H. AU - Lanfear, Alicja K. AU - Maxwell, Ashley B. T2 - AMERICAN JOURNAL OF FORENSIC MEDICINE AND PATHOLOGY AB - The objectives of this research were to evaluate the use of various anatomical features that are visible in standard radiographs and to develop a standard system of assessing concordant features for making positive identifications through radiographic comparison. The radiographs used in the study include craniofacial (n = 41), chest (n = 100), and proximal femur (n = 49), which were made available by the North Carolina Office of the Chief Medical Examiner. Radiographs were scored for number of concordant features and were analyzed using classification decision trees. The accuracy of the classification tree models was evaluated using a receiver operating characteristic. Two or more points of concordance are required in lateral cranial radiographs for a 97% probability of a positive identification. If more than 1 concordant feature exists on the cervical vertebrae, there is a 99% probability of correct identification. For thoracic and lumbar vertebrae, 4 or more concordant features are required for a 98% probability of correct identification. If there are 1 or more femoral head and neck concordant features, the probability of a correct identification is 94% and 97%, respectively. This study established the minimum number of concordant areas needed to confirm positive identifications in 3 standard radiographic views. DA - 2016/6// PY - 2016/6// DO - 10.1097/paf.0000000000000223 VL - 37 IS - 2 SP - 86-94 SN - 1533-404X KW - forensic radiology KW - decedent identification KW - cranium KW - chest KW - femur ER - TY - JOUR TI - Edible Memory: The Lure of Heirloom Tomatoes and Other Forgotten Foods AU - Bowen, Sarah T2 - AMERICAN JOURNAL OF SOCIOLOGY AB - Previous articleNext article No AccessBook ReviewEdible Memory: The Lure of Heirloom Tomatoes and Other Forgotten Foods. By Jennifer A. Jordan. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2015. Pp. ix+331. $26.00.Sarah BowenSarah BowenNorth Carolina State University Search for more articles by this author PDFPDF PLUSFull Text Add to favoritesDownload CitationTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints Share onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail SectionsMoreDetailsFiguresReferencesCited by American Journal of Sociology Volume 121, Number 6May 2016 Article DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1086/686169 Views: 124Total views on this site For permission to reuse a book review printed in the American Journal of Sociology, please contact [email protected]PDF download Crossref reports no articles citing this article. DA - 2016/5// PY - 2016/5// DO - 10.1086/686169 VL - 121 IS - 6 SP - 1974-1976 SN - 1537-5390 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Inequality in the Promised Land: Race, Resources, and Suburban Schooling AU - Crowley, Martha T2 - CONTEMPORARY SOCIOLOGY-A JOURNAL OF REVIEWS DA - 2016/3// PY - 2016/3// DO - 10.1177/0094306116629410oo VL - 45 IS - 2 SP - 211-213 SN - 1939-8638 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Group Boundaries, Immigrant Inclusion, and the Politics of Immigrant-Native Relations AU - Okamoto, Dina AU - Ebert, Kim T2 - AMERICAN BEHAVIORAL SCIENTIST AB - In multiethnic nation-states experiencing new flows of immigrants, political officials and citizens alike have expressed hostility in the form of demonstrations, campaigns, vandalism, and even policies. Yet local communities have also displayed public support for immigrants in the form of protests and advocacy efforts. Past literature has almost exclusively focused on anti-immigrant activity, using theories of group threat and competition, which suggest that new influxes or large concentrations of immigrants should prompt dominant groups to protect their interests, leading to anti-immigrant attitudes and behaviors. We extend the literature by focusing on pro-immigrant behavior, which we define as efforts initiated by established local residents and organizations to include immigrants in the larger community and/or to improve the lives of immigrants. In contrast to theories of group threat, we put forth the group inclusion model, and contend that demographic and political “threats” operate to break down rather than bolster group boundaries. We also find that when the increasing demographic and political presence of immigrants is coupled with the visibility of immigration, immigrant inclusion thrives. Using a data set of pro-immigrant collective action across 52 U.S. metropolitan areas, we generally find support for our model, and discuss the broader implications for immigrant–native relations. DA - 2016/2// PY - 2016/2// DO - 10.1177/0002764215607580 VL - 60 IS - 2 SP - 224-250 SN - 1552-3381 UR - http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0002764215607580 KW - immigration KW - inequality KW - politics KW - inclusion ER - TY - JOUR TI - Confronting school bullying: kids, culture, and the making of a social problem AU - Lehman, B. T2 - Contemporary Sociology DA - 2016/// PY - 2016/// VL - 45 IS - 2 SP - 162-163 ER - TY - JOUR TI - The Evolutionary Origin and Population History of the Grauer Gorilla AU - Tocheri, Matthew W. AU - Dommain, Rene AU - McFarlin, Shannon C. AU - Burnett, Scott E. AU - Case, D. Troy AU - Orr, Caley M. AU - Roach, Neil T. AU - Villmoare, Brian AU - Eriksen, Amandine B. AU - Kalthoff, Daniela C. AU - Senck, Sascha AU - Assefa, Zelalem AU - Groves, Colin P. AU - Jungers, William L. T2 - AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL ANTHROPOLOGY AB - Gorillas living in western central Africa (Gorilla gorilla) are morphologically and genetically distinguishable from those living in eastern central Africa (Gorilla beringei). Genomic analyses show eastern gorillas experienced a significant reduction in population size during the Pleistocene subsequent to geographical isolation from their western counterparts. However, how these results relate more specifically to the recent biogeographical and evolutionary history of eastern gorillas remains poorly understood. Here we show that two rare morphological traits are present in the hands and feet of both eastern gorilla subspecies at strikingly high frequencies (>60% in G. b. graueri; ∼28% in G. b. beringei) in comparison with western gorillas (<1%). The intrageneric distribution of these rare traits suggests that they became common among eastern gorillas after diverging from their western relatives during the early to middle Pleistocene. The extremely high frequencies observed among grauer gorillas-which currently occupy a geographic range more than ten times the size of that of mountain gorillas-imply that grauers originated relatively recently from a small founding population of eastern gorillas. Current paleoenvironmental, geological, and biogeographical evidence supports the hypothesis that a small group of eastern gorillas likely dispersed westward from the Virungas into present-day grauer range in the highlands just north of Lake Kivu, either immediately before or directly after the Younger Dryas interval. We propose that as the lowland forests of central Africa expanded rapidly during the early Holocene, they became connected with the expanding highland forests along the Albertine Rift and enabled the descendants of this small group to widely disperse. The descendant populations significantly expanded their geographic range and population numbers relative to the gorillas of the Virunga Mountains and the Bwindi-Impenetrable Forest, ultimately resulting in the grauer gorilla subspecies recognized today. This founder-effect hypothesis offers some optimism for modern conservation efforts to save critically endangered eastern gorillas from extinction. DA - 2016/1// PY - 2016/1// DO - 10.1002/ajpa.22900 VL - 159 SP - 4-18 SN - 1096-8644 KW - eastern gorilla biogeography KW - founder effect KW - genetic bottleneck KW - osseous and non-osseous coalitions KW - rare skeletal traits ER - TY - JOUR TI - The paradox of inclusion and exclusion in membership associations AU - Solebello, Nicholas AU - Tschirhart, Mary AU - Leiter, Jeffrey T2 - HUMAN RELATIONS AB - We use interviews and a focus group with leaders of a sample of nonprofit professional and trade membership associations based in the United States to understand what the leaders recognize to be their membership association’s diversity challenges and initiatives. We identify incentives, identity and power challenges as fundamental influences on the diversity of potential and existing members. Our analysis reveals a paradox in which attempts to increase the association’s inclusiveness are met with countervailing desires to maintain the membership association’s exclusiveness. We find that leaders may attempt to manage the paradox through strategies that legitimize diversity initiatives, change the membership association’s identity to reflect the valuing of diversity, and take advantage of organizational structures to embed diversity-related practices and accountability. These strategies have been discussed in the diversity management literature but without our paradox perspective. Additionally, paradox literature emphasizes the importance of ambidextrous (‘both/and’) approaches to paradox management, but these strategies may reflect an ‘either/or’ approach as leaders push their agenda forward, potentially in direct conflict with the desires of some current members. DA - 2016/2// PY - 2016/2// DO - 10.1177/0018726715590166 VL - 69 IS - 2 SP - 439-460 SN - 1741-282X KW - diversity KW - identity KW - membership associations KW - nonprofits KW - paradox ER - TY - JOUR TI - The Legacy of Mexico’s Agrarian Counter-reforms: Reinforcing Social Hierarchies in Calakmul, Campeche AU - Navarro Olmedo, S. AU - Haenn, N. AU - Schmook, B. AU - Radel, C. T2 - Journal of Agrarian Change AB - In this paper, we examine how M exico's 1992 counter‐reforms reinforced social hierarchies between two ‘classes’ of residents within three ejidos in an agricultural frontier in C ampeche. We carried out qualitative research with 94 ejidatarios , 92 pobladores and 13 government officials. Our research shows that the reforms cemented the second‐class status of pobladores, as their access to land, natural resources such as firewood and governmental subsidies is now even more contested. Ejidal residents have responded to these tensions by invoking various conceptions of citizenship to press for different forms of justice. Ejidatarios seek to enforce their legal prerogatives by advocating a tiered citizenship, inflected with aspects of ‘market citizenship’, in which pobladores have less access to resources and voice. Pobladores seek inclusion in the ejido via a cultural model of citizenship built around a ‘civil sociality’. Despite this generalization, both groups also selectively move between and combine these citizenship frameworks to advance their claims. DA - 2016/// PY - 2016/// DO - 10.1111/joac.12095 VL - 16 IS - 1 SP - 145-167 SN - 1471-0366 KW - ejidatarios KW - intra-ejidal relations KW - pobladores KW - resource conflict KW - citizenship ER - TY - JOUR TI - Race, Skin Tone, and Educational Achievement AU - Thompson, Maxine S. AU - McDonald, Steve T2 - SOCIOLOGICAL PERSPECTIVES AB - Research on skin-tone bias has focused primarily on intraracial inequality with little attention to skin-tone inequality across ethnoracial groups. We engage the debate over the color line by considering the independent, simultaneous, and interactive impacts of skin tone and self-identified race on educational performance. Analyses of National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health (Add Health) and Adolescent Health and Academic Achievement (AHAA) data show significant skin-tone differences in grade point average (GPA) both across and within racial groups, with darker skinned tone individuals receiving significantly lower grades than their lighter skinned tone counterparts. Net of controls, skin-tone differences in GPA are essentially flat among African Americans but are notably stronger among other race/ethnic groups. These findings highlight the interplay between racial categorization and colorism by revealing the categorical disadvantage of racial stigma versus the more fluid colorism boundaries of nonblack groups. DA - 2016/3// PY - 2016/3// DO - 10.1177/0731121415580026 VL - 59 IS - 1 SP - 91-111 SN - 1533-8673 KW - skin tone KW - race KW - education KW - inequality ER - TY - JOUR TI - Lithic networks reveal early regionalization in late Pleistocene North America AU - Buchanan, B. AU - Hamilton, M. J. AU - Kilby, J. D. AU - Gingerich, J. A. M. T2 - Journal of Archaeological Science DA - 2016/// PY - 2016/// VL - 65 SP - 114-121 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Kids Gone Wild: From Rainbow Parties to Sexting, Understanding the Hype over Teen Sex AU - Elliott, Sinikka T2 - GENDER & SOCIETY DA - 2016/4// PY - 2016/4// DO - 10.1177/0891243215569597 VL - 30 IS - 2 SP - 396-397 SN - 1552-3977 ER - TY - JOUR TI - The Middle-Class Conservationist: Social Dramas, and Blurred Identity Boundaries and Their Environmental Consequences in Mexican Conservation AU - Haenn, N. T2 - Current Anthropology AB - This paper argues that conservation and society research employs a social drama framework that presumes, rather than questions, identity boundaries between conservation actors. This framework describes three competing groups: local residents, government elites, and international actors. The paper counters this narrative by relating the history of conservationists’ careers in southern Mexico, where the boundaries between middle-class conservationists and noncapitalist peasants are quite porous. Drawing on theories of identity formation and self-presentation, the paper indicates how conservation structures insist on the repudiation of similarities between conservation employees and subject populations. Cultural sharing between conservationists and peasants takes place over time at offstage and backstage sites. As such, these processes are less visible in social drama narratives focused, synchronically, on disputes. The paper uses these findings to reconsider two central claims in conservation and society research, that is, conservation as an imposition of elite prerogatives and conservation’s support for capitalist exploitation of natural resources. DA - 2016/// PY - 2016/// DO - 10.1086/685728 VL - 57 IS - 2 SP - 197-218 ER - TY - JOUR TI - Behind a bicycling boom: Governance, cultural change and place character in Memphis, Tennessee AU - Smiley, Kevin T. AU - Rushing, Wanda AU - Scott, Michele T2 - URBAN STUDIES AB - Drawing on theories of place, new political cultures, and idio-cultural perceptions, this paper examines the case of recent place character change in Memphis, Tennessee. Since 2009, a burgeoning bicycling culture has taken root in the city alongside a massive increase in bicycling infrastructure. We analyse how these changes are paralleled by shifts in governance emphasising amenity-based urbanism that favours themes of creative class-centred economic development. Changes also highlight the ability of contemporary urban governance to make place malleable by upending negative conceptions of the city and providing for new alternatives. Implications centre on how place may be more malleable than previously theorised, but recognise that changes serve only some populations, namely creatives and pre-existing power structures, while maintaining traditions that exclude others and contribute to racialised gentrification. DA - 2016/1// PY - 2016/1// DO - 10.1177/0042098014556590 VL - 53 IS - 1 SP - 193-209 SN - 1360-063X KW - bicycling KW - creative class KW - Memphis Tennessee KW - new political culture KW - place ER -